A high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-precision intelligent control system for silkworm egg incubation rooms, comprising a physical environment control unit, a multi-dimensional environment sensing unit, an edge computing controller, and a silkworm egg development status monitoring unit. The physical environment control unit controls the environment of the incubation room, the multi-dimensional environment sensing unit collects internal environmental parameters, the edge computing controller incorporates an incubation process knowledge graph and a multi-parameter coupling control unit, automatically switching process parameter templates based on the silkworm egg development stage, and the silkworm egg development status monitoring module automatically determines the silkworm egg development stage using a fixed macro image acquisition device and image feature extraction methods. This invention achieves high-precision spatial uniform control of temperature and humidity in the incubation room, eliminates subjective errors from manual judgment of silkworm egg development stages, improves the accuracy and timeliness of the incubation process, and is equipped with a comprehensive redundancy protection mechanism, making it suitable for large-scale, high-quality silkworm egg incubation production in silkworm breeding farms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silkworm egg incubation room technology, and in particular to a high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system. Background Technology

[0002] Silkworm egg hatching is a crucial technical step in sericulture. Its core objective is to induce the release of diapause in over-year-old silkworm eggs and achieve uniform hatching through precise control of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light. The quality of hatching directly affects the hatching rate, uniformity of hatching, and the yield and quality of subsequent cocoons. Current silkworm egg hatching techniques typically rely on manual observation by workers, which is prone to subjective bias and difficult to monitor continuously for 24 hours. The lag in determining developmental stages leads to untimely switching of process parameters, affecting hatching effectiveness. Furthermore, it prevents the adjustment of environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light, and airflow according to the developmental stage of the silkworm eggs, resulting in actual environmental conditions deviating from the process requirements.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-precision silkworm egg incubation system that can achieve precise control of multiple parameters and real-time perception of silkworm egg development status, in order to meet the urgent needs of the modernization of the sericulture industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing a high-precision intelligent control system for silkworm egg incubation rooms. This system achieves high-precision, uniform spatial control of temperature and humidity within the incubation room. It can also automatically identify the developmental stage of silkworm eggs and trigger process parameter template switching, eliminating subjective errors caused by manual judgment of egg development stages. This improves the accuracy and timeliness of the incubation process and is equipped with a comprehensive redundancy protection mechanism, making it suitable for large-scale, high-quality silkworm egg incubation production in silkworm breeding farms.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: According to one aspect of the present invention, a high-precision intelligent control system for silkworm egg incubation rooms is provided, comprising: The physical environment control unit is located inside the curing room and is used to control the environmental conditions inside the curing room. A multi-dimensional environmental sensing unit is used to collect environmental data inside the incubation room; An edge computing controller is bidirectionally connected to the physical environment control unit and the multi-dimensional environment sensing unit. The edge computing controller includes a knowledge graph library of the accelerator process and a multi-parameter coupling control unit, which is used to calculate environmental parameter deviations in real time and output execution instructions. The silkworm egg development status monitoring unit is used to collect information on changes in the morphology of silkworm eggs and determine their developmental stage. The edge computing controller, based on the developmental stage determined by the silkworm egg development status monitoring module, calls the multi-parameter coupling control unit to drive the physical environment control unit to perform phased environmental control.

[0006] Preferably, the physical environment control unit includes a temperature control module, a humidification and dehumidification module, a light cycle control module, and an airflow circulation homogenization module; The temperature control module includes a semiconductor cooling and heating element and a driving circuit. Multiple semiconductor cooling and heating elements are evenly arranged on the incubation room, and each semiconductor cooling and heating element is electrically connected to the edge computing controller through the driving circuit. The humidification and dehumidification module includes an ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and a dehumidifier. The ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and the dehumidifier are evenly arranged in the growing room. The ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and the dehumidifier are electrically connected to the edge computing controller. The illumination period control module includes a full-spectrum LED light source matrix and a programmable period controller. The full-spectrum LED light source matrix is ​​electrically connected to the programmable period controller, and the programmable period controller is electrically connected to the edge computing controller. The airflow circulation homogenization module includes a variable frequency fan, a positive pressure air supply chamber located at the top of the growing chamber, and a negative pressure air return chamber located at the bottom. The air outlet of the variable frequency fan is connected to the positive pressure air supply chamber, and the air outlet of the variable frequency motor is connected to the negative pressure air return chamber. The variable frequency fan is electrically connected to the edge computing controller.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-dimensional environmental sensing unit includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a CO2 concentration sensor, which are electrically connected to the edge computing controller.

[0008] Preferably, the knowledge graph of the greening process includes the nominal values ​​and tolerances of temperature, humidity, light duration, and light intensity for each stage.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-parameter coupling control unit includes: The temperature and humidity decoupling control module is based on the fuzzy PID temperature and humidity decoupling control strategy, and performs feedforward compensation for humidity disturbances caused during temperature regulation. The sensor data fusion module performs weighted fusion of sampled values ​​from multiple sensors and calculates the spatial average value as the control input. The stage switching decision module, in conjunction with the developmental characteristic index output by the silkworm egg development status monitoring module and the preset accumulated temperature threshold, triggers the automatic switching of the priming process stage.

[0010] Preferably, the silkworm egg development status monitoring unit includes a fixed macro image acquisition device and a silkworm egg development feature extraction and processing unit; The fixed macro image acquisition device includes an industrial camera and a ring light source, which are installed on the forcing rack inside the forcing room. The developmental feature extraction and processing unit extracts the color distribution features, egg point morphology features and volume estimation features of silkworm eggs based on a convolutional neural network, and outputs the developmental stage determination result. The developmental stage determination results are transmitted to the edge computing controller in real time to trigger the switching of environmental parameter control strategies.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a remote monitoring and early warning platform, which is connected to the edge computing controller.

[0012] Preferably, the remote monitoring and early warning platform includes a multi-level alarm module and an energy consumption monitoring module. The multi-level alarm module provides multi-level alarms based on the degree of environmental deviation. The energy consumption monitoring module is used to collect power consumption data of each actuator in real time and generate an energy efficiency analysis report.

[0013] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention achieves high-precision, uniform spatial control of temperature and humidity in the silkworm egg incubation room through independent temperature control and multi-dimensional sensors. It can also automatically identify the development stage of silkworm eggs and trigger the switching of process parameter templates, eliminating the subjective error of manual judgment of the development stage of silkworm eggs, improving the accuracy and timeliness of the incubation process, and is equipped with a complete redundancy protection mechanism, making it suitable for large-scale, high-quality silkworm egg incubation production in silkworm seed farms. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a functional structure block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of different growth stages of the silkworm eggs of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are merely to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the invention, and these aspects of the invention can be achieved even without these specific details.

[0016] Please see Figures 1 to 2 This invention provides a high-precision intelligent control system for silkworm egg incubation rooms, the technical solution of which is as follows: A high-precision intelligent control system for silkworm egg incubation rooms includes a physical environment control unit, a multi-dimensional environment sensing unit, an edge computing controller, and a silkworm egg development status monitoring unit. The physical environment control unit is located inside the incubation room and controls the environmental conditions within it. Multiple rows of incubation racks are arranged along the length of the incubation room, and each row has multiple layers of silkworm egg placement trays along its height. The multi-dimensional environment sensing unit collects environmental data from inside the incubation room. The edge computing controller is bidirectionally connected to the physical environment control unit and the multi-dimensional environment sensing unit. The edge computing controller includes an incubation process knowledge graph library and a multi-parameter coupling control unit, used to calculate environmental parameter deviations in real time and output execution commands. The silkworm egg development status monitoring unit collects information on silkworm egg morphological changes and determines the development stage. Based on the development stage determined by the silkworm egg development status monitoring module, the edge computing controller calls the multi-parameter coupling control unit to drive the physical environment control unit to perform staged environmental control.

[0017] The physical environment control unit includes a temperature control module, a humidification and dehumidification module, a light cycle regulation module, and an airflow circulation homogenization module.

[0018] The temperature control module includes semiconductor cooling and heating elements and a drive circuit. Multiple semiconductor cooling and heating elements are evenly arranged on the curing chamber, and each element is electrically connected to an edge computing controller via a drive circuit. The edge computing controller outputs PWM pulses to control the operation of the semiconductor cooling and heating elements, or performs cooling and heating switching, thereby regulating the temperature inside the curing chamber.

[0019] The humidification and dehumidification module includes an ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and a dehumidifier, which are evenly arranged inside the growing chamber. Both the ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and the dehumidifier are electrically connected to an edge computing controller. The atomizing heads of the ultrasonic atomizing humidifier are evenly distributed along the four walls of the growing chamber. A rotary dehumidifier is integrated and installed on one side of the outer wall of the growing chamber, connected to the return air chamber via ductwork. Dehumidification operation is activated when the humidity exceeds the upper limit. An interlocking logic is implemented between the humidifier and the dehumidifier through the edge computing controller to prevent energy waste caused by simultaneous operation.

[0020] The light cycle control module includes a full-spectrum LED light source matrix and a programmable cycle controller. The full-spectrum LED light source matrix is ​​electrically connected to the programmable cycle controller, which is in turn electrically connected to the edge computing controller. A full-spectrum LED light source matrix is ​​suspended from the top of the incubation chamber, with a lamp spacing of 0.8m to ensure uniform illumination on the silkworm egg surface. The LED light source supports independent power adjustment for each wavelength (blue light 460nm, green light 530nm, red light 660nm, near-ultraviolet 375nm). Based on the preset illumination duration, intensity, and spectral ratio for the incubation stage, the programmable light cycle controller automatically executes a gradual switching sequence of lights to avoid stress on the silkworm eggs caused by sudden light changes, achieving a gradual brightening and dimming effect similar to natural light. Programmable motorized blackout curtains are installed around the top of the incubation chamber, automatically closing when complete darkness is required.

[0021] The airflow homogenization module includes a variable frequency fan, a positive pressure air supply chamber located at the top of the silkworm egg incubator, and a negative pressure return air chamber at the bottom. The outlet of the variable frequency fan is connected to the positive pressure air supply chamber, and the outlet of the variable frequency motor is connected to the negative pressure return air chamber. The variable frequency fan is electrically connected to an edge computing controller. A positive pressure air supply chamber is located at the top of the incubator, and a negative pressure return air grille is installed at the bottom, working in conjunction with the variable frequency fan to form a vertical airflow organization with upward supply and downward return. An adjustable-angle guide vane array is installed on the sides of each tray of the incubator rack to guide the airflow evenly through each layer of silkworm eggs, ensuring that the wind speed around the silkworm eggs at each layer is within the range of 0.08–0.15 m / s. The variable frequency fan automatically adjusts its speed based on the temperature and humidity uniformity evaluation index; when the uniformity index deteriorates, the wind speed is appropriately increased to enhance heat exchange homogenization.

[0022] The multi-dimensional environmental sensing unit includes temperature and humidity sensors, light intensity sensors, and CO2 concentration sensors. These sensors are electrically connected to the edge computing controller. The temperature and humidity sensor array utilizes a Sensirion SHT40 series integrated temperature and humidity chip, with a temperature accuracy of ±0.2℃ and a humidity accuracy of ±1.5%RH. Each sensor is connected to an RS-485 bus via a moisture-proof shielded cable, and the edge computing controller polls and samples the data every 5 seconds. Two NDIR CO2 sensors are installed diagonally opposite each other in the coagulation chamber, with a range of 0–5000ppm, an accuracy of ±50ppm, and a sampling period of 30 seconds. When the CO2 concentration exceeds 2000ppm, a ventilation program is triggered, and fresh air is supplied to the coagulation chamber via a controlled opening of the fresh air valve.

[0023] The edge computing controller employs an industrial-grade ARM Cortex-A72 quad-core processor with a clock speed of 1.8GHz, equipped with 4GB of LPDDR4 memory and 32GB of eMMC storage, and supports a wide operating temperature range of -20 to 70℃. The controller provides four RS-485 interfaces, two Ethernet ports, one 4G communication module, and 32 digital input / output channels and eight analog input channels for connecting various sensors and actuators. The edge computing controller also incorporates a built-in knowledge graph of the forging process and a multi-parameter coupling control unit.

[0024] The knowledge graph of silkworm regrowth technology is stored in a structured database, including silkworm variety profiles, a set of phased standard environmental parameters, and special process rules. The silkworm variety profiles contain basic biological characteristic parameters of no fewer than 10 mainstream silkworm varieties. The set of phased standard environmental parameters is specific to each variety, and includes the following stages: maximum growth period, thickening period, emergence period, early emergence development period, late emergence development period, shortening period, reversal period, end of reversal period, and tracheal manifestation period. For example... Figure 2 As shown, these correspond to (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), and (i) in the figure, respectively. Nominal values ​​and tolerances for temperature, humidity, light duration, and light intensity are defined for different stages. Special process rules include activation process parameters for cold-treated and acid-soaked silkworm eggs, and special treatment procedures for high-temperature activating.

[0025] The multi-parameter coupled control unit includes a temperature and humidity decoupling control module, a sensor data fusion module, and a stage switching decision module.

[0026] The temperature and humidity decoupling control module adopts an improved fuzzy PID controller, which takes temperature deviation and humidity deviation as dual inputs and uses fuzzy inference rules to output correction amounts for heating / cooling power and humidification / dehumidification capacity. It focuses on feedforward compensation for disturbances that cause humidity to drop during the heating process, and the compensation amount is dynamically calculated based on the heating rate and the current humidity level.

[0027] The sensor data fusion submodule processes the temperature / humidity samples from all 48 nodes as follows: First, outliers with a deviation from the mean exceeding 3σ are removed; then, a weighted average is calculated based on spatial location weights (inversely proportional to the distance from the target area) to obtain the spatial representative value of each temperature control zone; finally, the uniformity index is calculated, which is the root mean square value of the deviation between the measured value of each node and the target value, to assess the current environmental uniformity level.

[0028] The stage switching decision submodule integrates the following three types of signals to determine the transition to the silkworm egg development stage: 1) accumulated temperature value, calculated based on the current temperature and time, triggering a candidate transition signal when the accumulated temperature threshold corresponding to the variety is reached; 2) silkworm egg development characteristic index, output by the silkworm egg development status monitoring module; and 3) operator manual confirmation signal (optional). When the three types of signals satisfy a preset "AND" or "OR" logical combination, the stage switch is executed, automatically calling the environmental parameter template for the new stage and smoothly transitioning to the newly set values.

[0029] The silkworm egg development status monitoring module includes a fixed macro image acquisition device and a silkworm egg development feature extraction and processing unit.

[0030] A fixed macro image acquisition device is installed 0.3m to the side and front of the middle tray of each growth regulator rack. It includes an industrial camera and a ring-shaped LED supplementary light source. The industrial camera uses a Sony IMX586 sensor with a resolution of 48 megapixels and a 50mm fixed-focus macro lens. The supplementary light source uses white light with a color temperature of 5500K, achieving an illuminance uniformity of over 90%. Image acquisition employs a dual-mode system: timed triggering and event triggering. During normal operation, images are acquired every 20 minutes; when the temperature and humidity sensors detect an environmental parameter deviation exceeding 150% of the allowable tolerance, emergency acquisition is immediately triggered, and a growth status assessment is performed after acquisition.

[0031] It also includes an image preprocessing unit, which performs noise removal based on mean filtering, contrast enhancement using adaptive histogram equalization, geometric correction based on the silkworm egg tray border, and ROI extraction to crop out the effective silkworm egg distribution area.

[0032] The silkworm egg development feature extraction and processing unit extracts the following three types of features for developmental stage determination: Color distribution characteristics: The image was converted to the HSV color space, and the pixel proportion histogram of each color channel was statistically analyzed. The color of silkworm eggs gradually changes from grayish-white to light blue from the early stage of activation to the blue-tinging stage. The color characteristics can effectively distinguish between the early and late stages of activation.

[0033] Egg spot morphology features: Threshold segmentation was performed on images of silkworm eggs in the greening stage to extract the area, perimeter and circularity features of the egg spot region, and statistical analysis was combined to determine the degree of greening.

[0034] Egg edge sharpness characteristics: The Laplacian gradient operator was used to calculate the edge sharpness of silkworm eggs. The eggshell transparency of silkworm eggs increases in the early stage of hatching, and the edge characteristics undergo detectable changes.

[0035] The aforementioned feature vectors are input into a pre-trained multi-class classification model, which outputs confidence scores for nine developmental stages. The class with the highest confidence score is taken as the final judgment result, while results with a confidence score below 0.7 are marked as "pending confirmation" to remind the operator to manually review them.

[0036] The edge computing controller uploads data to a remote monitoring platform deployed on a local server or in the cloud via industrial Ethernet. In environments without a wired network, data can be transmitted via a built-in 4G module. Data is cached locally in case of disconnection and automatically retransmitted when the network is restored, ensuring data integrity.

[0037] The remote monitoring and early warning platform includes a multi-level alarm module and an energy consumption monitoring module. The multi-level alarm module includes yellow, orange, and red emergency alarms. A yellow alarm is triggered when environmental parameters deviate by 50% but not more than 100% of the allowable tolerance for more than 5 minutes, triggering an app push notification. An orange alarm is triggered when environmental parameters deviate by 100% of the allowable tolerance for more than 2 minutes, or when equipment malfunction persists, triggering an app push notification and SMS notification. A red emergency alarm is triggered when environmental parameters deviate by 200% of the allowable tolerance, or when the backup circuit is activated, or when UPS power supply is not in operation, triggering an app push notification, SMS notification, and automatic telephone call. The energy consumption monitoring module collects the active power and energy consumption of each subsystem (temperature control, humidification, lighting, and fans) in real time. The platform summarizes energy consumption data daily, weekly, and monthly, calculates the energy consumption index for a single batch of chlorophyll accelerators, and provides data support for energy-saving optimization.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision intelligent control system for silkworm egg incubation rooms, characterized in that, include: The physical environment control unit is located inside the curing room and is used to control the environmental conditions inside the curing room. A multi-dimensional environmental sensing unit is used to collect environmental data inside the incubation room; An edge computing controller is bidirectionally connected to the physical environment control unit and the multi-dimensional environment sensing unit. The edge computing controller includes a knowledge graph library of the accelerator process and a multi-parameter coupling control unit, which is used to calculate environmental parameter deviations in real time and output execution instructions. The silkworm egg development status monitoring unit is used to collect information on changes in the morphology of silkworm eggs and determine their developmental stage. The edge computing controller, based on the developmental stage determined by the silkworm egg development status monitoring module, calls the multi-parameter coupling control unit to drive the physical environment control unit to perform phased environmental control.

2. The high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical environment control unit includes a temperature control module, a humidification and dehumidification module, a light cycle control module, and an airflow circulation homogenization module; The temperature control module includes a semiconductor cooling and heating element and a driving circuit. Multiple semiconductor cooling and heating elements are evenly arranged on the incubation room, and each semiconductor cooling and heating element is electrically connected to the edge computing controller through the driving circuit. The humidification and dehumidification module includes an ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and a dehumidifier. The ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and the dehumidifier are evenly arranged in the growing room. The ultrasonic atomizing humidifier and the dehumidifier are electrically connected to the edge computing controller. The illumination period control module includes a full-spectrum LED light source matrix and a programmable period controller. The full-spectrum LED light source matrix is ​​electrically connected to the programmable period controller, and the programmable period controller is electrically connected to the edge computing controller. The airflow circulation homogenization module includes a variable frequency fan, a positive pressure air supply chamber located at the top of the growing chamber, and a negative pressure air return chamber located at the bottom. The air outlet of the variable frequency fan is connected to the positive pressure air supply chamber, and the air outlet of the variable frequency motor is connected to the negative pressure air return chamber. The variable frequency fan is electrically connected to the edge computing controller.

3. The high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional environmental sensing unit includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a CO2 concentration sensor, which are electrically connected to the edge computing controller.

4. The high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knowledge graph of the greening process includes the nominal values ​​and tolerances of temperature, humidity, light duration, and light intensity for each stage.

5. A high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-parameter coupling control unit includes: The temperature and humidity decoupling control module is based on the fuzzy PID temperature and humidity decoupling control strategy, and performs feedforward compensation for humidity disturbances caused during temperature regulation. The sensor data fusion module performs weighted fusion of sampled values ​​from multiple sensors and calculates the spatial average value as the control input. The stage switching decision module, in conjunction with the developmental characteristic index output by the silkworm egg development status monitoring module and the preset accumulated temperature threshold, triggers the automatic switching of the priming process stage.

6. A high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silkworm egg development status monitoring unit includes a fixed macro image acquisition device and a silkworm egg development feature extraction and processing unit; The fixed macro image acquisition device includes an industrial camera and a ring light source, which are installed on the forcing rack inside the forcing room. The developmental feature extraction and processing unit extracts the color distribution features, egg point morphology features and volume estimation features of silkworm eggs based on a convolutional neural network, and outputs the developmental stage determination result. The developmental stage determination results are transmitted to the edge computing controller in real time to trigger the switching of environmental parameter control strategies.

7. A high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a remote monitoring and early warning platform, which is connected to the edge computing controller.

8. A high-precision intelligent control silkworm egg incubation room system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The remote monitoring and early warning platform includes a multi-level alarm module and an energy consumption monitoring module. The multi-level alarm module provides multi-level alarms based on the degree of environmental deviation. The energy consumption monitoring module is used to collect power consumption data of each actuator in real time and generate an energy efficiency analysis report.

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