A three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging radioactive skin injury wound diagnosis device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging radioactive skin damage wound diagnosis device and method, belong to radioactive skin damage diagnosis technical field.The device includes optical unit, synchronous data acquisition unit and processing analysis unit;Optical unit three-dimensional laser scanning module and infrared thermal imaging module are arranged using coaxial optical path, and the three-dimensional topography and infrared thermal distribution data of wound are synchronously acquired;Synchronous data acquisition unit is transmitted after two-way data time stamp synchronization alignment;Processing analysis unit realizes spatial registration fusion by data fusion module, and completes damage depth identification and wound three-dimensional area calculation by wound quantitative analysis module.The application overcomes the problem that clinical diagnosis excessively depends on subjective observation, lacks objective quantitative standard, breaks through the limitation that two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging cannot adapt to complex three-dimensional wound, and damage depth and wound area cannot be accurately evaluated, to provide reliable basis for clinical treatment and prognosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radiation-induced skin injury diagnosis technology, specifically relating to a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device and method for diagnosing radiation-induced skin injury wounds. Background Technology

[0002] Acute radiation skin injury (ARSI) can be caused by nuclear explosions, nuclear leaks, or radiation therapy. It is not only highly dangerous but also difficult to repair, making accurate diagnosis crucial for treatment planning and prognosis. Currently, ARSI diagnosis relies primarily on clinical observation by physicians, including examining typical radiation injury manifestations such as erythema, peeling, blisters, and ulceration, and referencing radiation dose for diagnosis. Standards such as my country's National Occupational Health Standard "Diagnosis of Occupational Radiation-Induced Skin Diseases" (GBZ 106-2020) and the internationally accepted RTOG (Radiation Tolerance Group) grading system for acute radiation injury are highly subjective and lack objective, quantitative diagnostic criteria.

[0003] Human skin emits infrared radiation with properties similar to a blackbody, almost completely absorbing thermal radiation and reflecting very little. This gives infrared thermal imaging technology a unique advantage in skin temperature measurement. This technology can obtain skin surface temperature and tissue blood flow by receiving infrared signals emitted by the skin, thereby determining the extent of wound damage and the integrity and functional changes of skin tissue structure. However, existing two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging devices can only determine the depth of relatively flat wounds and cannot accurately assess the depth of complex three-dimensional wounds, nor can they accurately measure the three-dimensional area of ​​the wound. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging diagnostic device and method for radiation-induced skin injuries. By simultaneously acquiring three-dimensional morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data of the wound and performing data fusion analysis, the invention solves the problems of existing radiation-induced skin injury diagnosis being highly subjective, lacking objective quantitative diagnostic standards, and the difficulty of two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging equipment in assessing the depth of complex three-dimensional wounds and accurately measuring the wound area. The invention achieves objective quantitative identification of the depth of radiation-induced skin injuries and accurate calculation of the three-dimensional area of ​​the wound.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] This invention discloses a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging diagnostic device for radiation-induced skin injuries, comprising an optical unit, a synchronous data acquisition unit, and a processing and analysis unit. The optical unit includes a three-dimensional laser scanning module and an infrared thermal imaging module, which are arranged coaxially to synchronously acquire three-dimensional morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury. The synchronous data acquisition unit is communicatively connected to the optical unit and is used to perform time-stamp synchronization and alignment of the three-dimensional morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data, and transmit the time-stamped data to the processing and analysis unit. The processing and analysis unit includes a data fusion module and a wound quantitative analysis module. The data fusion module is used to spatially register and fuse the time-stamped three-dimensional morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data. The wound quantitative analysis module is used to quantitatively identify the depth of the wound injury and calculate the three-dimensional area of ​​the wound based on the spatially registered and fused data.

[0007] Among them, the coaxial optical path arrangement means that the three-dimensional laser scanning module and the infrared thermal imaging module share the same optical axis and the same viewpoint, which can simultaneously collect three-dimensional morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data of the wound at the same position.

[0008] This invention integrates a three-dimensional laser scanning and infrared thermal imaging module to simultaneously acquire three-dimensional morphology and infrared thermal distribution data of the wound. Combined with a data fusion and wound quantitative analysis module, it overcomes the problems of strong subjectivity and lack of objective quantitative standards in traditional diagnosis. At the same time, it enables quantitative identification of the depth of complex three-dimensional wound damage and accurate calculation of the three-dimensional area of ​​the wound, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis.

[0009] Furthermore, the 3D laser scanning module includes a laser emitter and a structured light projector; the scanning accuracy of the 3D laser scanning module is >0.1mm, and the scanning speed is >10 frames / second.

[0010] This structural design enables precise and rapid 3D data acquisition of irregular and complex wounds, ensuring the accuracy and integrity of the 3D model and avoiding data distortion caused by insufficient scanning accuracy or slow speed. It provides reliable data support for subsequent calculation of the 3D area of ​​the wound and quantitative judgment of the damage depth, thereby improving diagnostic efficiency and accuracy.

[0011] Furthermore, the infrared thermal imaging module includes an infrared detector, an infrared focal plane array, and an optical objective lens; the imaging resolution of the infrared thermal imaging module is >640×480 pixels, and the thermal sensitivity is <0.05℃.

[0012] This structural design can efficiently receive infrared radiation signals from the skin, accurately capture skin temperature distribution and tissue blood supply status; high resolution and high thermal sensitivity can identify minute temperature differences, clearly distinguish damaged areas from normal tissue, provide reliable temperature basis for quantitative grading of damage depth, and improve diagnostic accuracy.

[0013] Furthermore, the synchronous data acquisition unit includes a data acquisition card and a data transmission interface. The data acquisition card integrates a synchronization trigger module, which is used to synchronize and align the three-dimensional topography data and infrared thermal distribution data with timestamps, and transmits the data to the processing and analysis unit through the data transmission interface.

[0014] Furthermore, the diagnostic device has an integrated structure, an operating temperature range of 0℃ to 40℃, and is equipped with a power supply module.

[0015] The integrated structure provides convenience, and the operating temperature range of 0℃~40℃ ensures stable operation of the device in routine clinical environments, reduces the interference of ambient temperature fluctuations on infrared thermometry and three-dimensional data acquisition, ensures the consistency of diagnostic results in different scenarios, and adapts to the actual needs of clinical applications.

[0016] Furthermore, the data fusion module maps infrared thermal distribution data to a three-dimensional topographic point cloud model constructed from three-dimensional topographic data to achieve spatial registration and data fusion; the wound quantitative analysis module automatically or manually delineates the contours along the three-dimensional boundary of the wound to construct triangular patches, and calculates the actual area of ​​the wound based on the accumulation of the triangular patches.

[0017] This invention achieves precise matching of wound temperature information and three-dimensional morphological information by spatially registering and fusing infrared thermal distribution data with a three-dimensional topographic point cloud model, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional two-dimensional infrared imaging in adapting to complex three-dimensional wounds. At the same time, through wound contour delineation and triangular facet accumulation, it achieves accurate calculation of the three-dimensional area of ​​radiation-induced skin injury wounds, providing objective data support for wound depth assessment and quantitative diagnosis.

[0018] This invention also discloses a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging method for diagnosing radiation-induced skin injuries, comprising the following steps: S1, calibrating the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device; S2, after successful calibration, simultaneously acquiring three-dimensional morphological data and passive infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury using the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device, and constructing a three-dimensional model based on the three-dimensional morphological data; simultaneously acquiring passive infrared thermal distribution data of normal skin surrounding the injury as a control; S3, performing cold stimulation on the radiation-induced skin injury, acquiring active infrared thermal imaging data of the rewarming process of the radiation-induced skin injury, and establishing a rewarming curve based on the active infrared thermal imaging data; S4, comprehensively judging the depth of the radiation-induced skin injury based on the passive infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury and the surrounding normal skin, as well as the rewarming curve, and calculating the area of ​​the radiation-induced skin injury using the three-dimensional model of the radiation-induced skin injury.

[0019] Among them, passive infrared thermal distribution data is static temperature distribution data formed by the radiation of the wound and normal skin itself when no external stimulation is applied; active infrared thermal imaging data is temperature change data dynamically collected during the wound rewarming process after cold excitation.

[0020] This invention calibrates a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device to simultaneously acquire three-dimensional morphological data and passive infrared thermal distribution data of radiation-induced skin injuries. Combined with cold-excitation active imaging and rewarming curve analysis, it achieves joint diagnosis of passive thermal distribution characteristics and dynamic rewarming characteristics. This method effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing radiation-induced skin injury diagnoses, such as strong subjectivity and a lack of objective quantitative standards. It also solves the problems of traditional two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging's inability to accurately determine the depth of complex three-dimensional wounds and its inability to precisely measure wound area. Compared to single two-dimensional infrared imaging, this method is more comprehensive and objective, accurately identifying wound depth and precisely calculating wound area, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the diagnosis.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S2, the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device collects data in an environment with constant temperature and humidity and no strong convection air.

[0022] In this invention, data is collected in a constant temperature, constant humidity, and non-strong convection air environment, which effectively eliminates the interference of environmental airflow and temperature and humidity changes on infrared thermometry, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the collected data and improving the repeatability of diagnostic results.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S3, cold stimulation involves uniformly covering the radiation-induced skin injury with pre-cooled sterile saline gauze; after cold stimulation, the rewarming process is continuously monitored until the wound is fully rewarmed to obtain a complete rewarming plateau period.

[0024] In this invention, pre-cooled sterile saline gauze is used for cold stimulation, which is safe and gentle to operate. Continuous collection until the rewarming plateau phase can fully reflect the characteristics of blood circulation recovery in wound tissue, making the rewarming curve more valuable for diagnosis.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S3, the retemperature curve includes a long-term retemperature curve and a short-term retemperature curve; the long-term retemperature curve is sampled at fixed time intervals, and the short-term retemperature curve is sampled every second.

[0026] In this invention, by using differentiated sampling of long-term and short-term rewarming curves, the rapid temperature changes in the early stage of rewarming and the stable recovery trend in the later stage are taken into account, so as to more comprehensively characterize the microcirculation status of the damaged tissue and further improve the accuracy of damage depth judgment.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By integrating three-dimensional laser scanning and infrared thermal imaging technologies, it achieves simultaneous acquisition and fusion analysis of three-dimensional wound morphology data and infrared thermal distribution data. This solves the problems of strong subjectivity and lack of objective quantitative standards in traditional diagnosis, and overcomes the limitations of existing two-dimensional infrared equipment in adapting to complex three-dimensional wounds and accurately measuring wound area and depth. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can accurately acquire three-dimensional wound information and temperature distribution characteristics. Through comparative analysis of normal skin and damaged areas, and dynamic rewarming monitoring after cold excitation, it achieves objective and quantitative diagnosis of radiation-induced skin damage. It can not only accurately identify the depth of damage and precisely calculate the wound area, but also has the advantages of standardized operation and suitability for clinical application, effectively improving the accuracy, reliability, and practicality of diagnosis. It provides scientific and reliable technical support for the formulation of clinical treatment plans, while avoiding the limitations of single diagnostic methods and meeting the clinical demand for accurate, efficient, and standardized diagnosis.

[0028] The following describes in detail the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging radiation-induced skin injury diagnostic device of the present invention with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging radiation-induced skin injury diagnosis device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging method for diagnosing radiation-induced skin injuries according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are one embodiment of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] To address the problems of existing diagnostic methods for radiation-induced skin injuries relying too heavily on physicians' subjective observation and lacking objective quantitative standards, and the inability of traditional two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging equipment to accurately assess the depth of complex three-dimensional wounds and precisely measure the wound area, this embodiment provides a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging diagnostic device and method for radiation-induced skin injuries. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging radiation-induced skin injury diagnostic device provided in this embodiment adopts a multimodal integrated architecture, which mainly includes three parts: an optical unit, a synchronous data acquisition unit, and a processing and analysis unit.

[0034] The optical unit integrates a 3D laser scanning module and an infrared thermal imaging module. The two modules are arranged in a coaxial optical path, which can simultaneously acquire 3D morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data of the wound from the same viewpoint and position. This avoids registration errors caused by viewpoint deviation and asynchronous acquisition from the source, and achieves accurate synchronous acquisition of morphological and temperature multimodal data.

[0035] The synchronous data acquisition unit communicates with the optical unit and is responsible for synchronizing and aligning the timestamps of the two acquired data streams. It then transmits the synchronized data stably to the processing and analysis unit, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent data fusion.

[0036] The processing and analysis unit has a built-in data fusion module and a wound quantitative analysis module, which can complete multimodal data spatial registration, three-dimensional modeling, temperature information mapping, damage depth identification and wound area calculation, ultimately achieving objective, quantitative and three-dimensional accurate diagnosis of radiation-induced skin damage wounds.

[0037] This device coaxially and synchronously integrates high-precision three-dimensional laser scanning technology with high-sensitivity infrared thermal imaging technology. It can simultaneously acquire three-dimensional morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data of the wound. With the data fusion and wound quantitative analysis module, it breaks through the limitation of traditional two-dimensional infrared imaging that can only detect flat wounds. It effectively solves the pain points of strong subjectivity and lack of objective quantitative standards in clinical diagnosis, and realizes quantitative identification of the depth of complex three-dimensional wound damage and accurate calculation of wound area, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of radiation skin injury diagnosis.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional laser scanning module includes a laser emitter and a structured light projector, which can quickly project structured light and collect three-dimensional point cloud information of the wound surface, ensuring the integrity and stability of the three-dimensional contour acquisition.

[0039] Meanwhile, the 3D laser scanning module has a scanning accuracy of >0.1mm and a scanning speed of >10 frames / second, which can achieve refined and rapid 3D data acquisition of irregular and uneven complex wounds. This avoids model distortion caused by insufficient accuracy or slow acquisition speed, and provides a high-quality data source for subsequent 3D modeling, wound boundary delineation and accurate area calculation, effectively improving diagnostic efficiency and result reliability.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the infrared thermal imaging module includes an infrared detector, an infrared focal plane array, and an optical objective lens, which can efficiently receive infrared radiation signals emitted by the skin itself and accurately reflect the temperature distribution of the skin surface and the blood supply status of the subcutaneous tissue.

[0041] The infrared thermal imaging module has an imaging resolution of >640×480 pixels and a thermal sensitivity of <0.05℃. It can capture minute temperature differences and clearly distinguish the damaged area from normal skin tissue, providing a highly reliable temperature basis for wound depth grading and quantitative judgment, and significantly improving diagnostic accuracy.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the synchronous data acquisition unit includes a data acquisition card and a data transmission interface. The data acquisition card integrates a synchronization trigger module, which can strictly synchronize and align the three-dimensional topography data and infrared thermal distribution data with timestamps to ensure that the two data streams are completely consistent in the time dimension. Then, the synchronized data is stably transmitted to the processing and analysis unit through the data transmission interface.

[0043] This structure can effectively avoid fusion misalignment and temperature and morphology mismatch caused by asynchronous data from multiple sensors, providing a prerequisite for subsequent spatial registration and data fusion. It is a key structure for achieving accurate fusion of 3D and infrared data.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the diagnostic device adopts an integrated structure, making it portable and easy to use, suitable for various environments such as bedside use, examination rooms, and emergency scenarios. The device operates within a temperature range of 0℃ to 40℃ and is equipped with an independent power supply module, enabling stable operation under routine clinical conditions. This reduces the interference of ambient temperature fluctuations on the accuracy of infrared temperature measurement and the quality of three-dimensional data acquisition, ensuring the consistency and repeatability of diagnostic results in different scenarios, and highly adapting to the needs of actual clinical applications.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the data fusion module maps infrared thermal distribution data to a three-dimensional topographic point cloud model constructed from three-dimensional topographic data, thereby achieving spatial registration and data fusion of temperature information and three-dimensional morphological information. This ensures that each three-dimensional coordinate corresponds to real temperature data, completely solving the technical defect that traditional two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging cannot adapt to complex three-dimensional wounds.

[0046] The wound quantitative analysis module can automatically or manually delineate the contours along the three-dimensional boundaries of the wound and construct triangular patches based on the delineated areas. By accumulating the triangular patches, the actual area of ​​the wound is accurately calculated. At the same time, the depth of wound damage is quantitatively identified by combining temperature distribution characteristics, providing quantifiable, repeatable, and traceable objective data support for clinical diagnosis.

[0047] The working principle of this device is as follows:

[0048] The optical unit employs a coaxially arranged 3D laser scanning module and infrared thermal imaging module to simultaneously acquire 3D morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data of the wound. The synchronous data acquisition unit uses a data acquisition card with a built-in synchronous trigger module to strictly align the two data streams with timestamps before transmitting them to the processing and analysis unit via a data transmission interface. The data fusion module accurately maps the infrared thermal distribution data to a 3D point cloud model, completing spatial registration and multimodal data fusion to achieve a one-to-one correspondence between the 3D morphology and temperature information of the wound. Finally, the wound quantitative analysis module uses the fused data to quantitatively identify the depth of wound damage and accurately calculate the 3D area of ​​the wound. The entire process, through "coaxial synchronous acquisition—timestamp alignment—spatial registration and fusion—3D quantitative analysis," overcomes the limitations of single-dimensional information and achieves a high-precision, objective, and quantitative comprehensive diagnosis of radiation-induced skin injuries.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention also discloses a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging method for diagnosing radiation-induced skin injuries, comprising the following steps: S1, calibrating the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device; S2, after successful calibration, simultaneously acquiring three-dimensional morphological data and passive infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury using the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device, and constructing a three-dimensional model based on the three-dimensional morphological data; simultaneously acquiring passive infrared thermal distribution data of normal skin surrounding the injury as a control; S3, performing cold stimulation on the radiation-induced skin injury, acquiring active infrared thermal imaging data of the rewarming process of the radiation-induced skin injury, and establishing a rewarming curve based on the active infrared thermal imaging data; S4, comprehensively judging the injury depth of the radiation-induced skin injury based on the passive infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury and the normal skin surrounding the injury, as well as the rewarming curve, and calculating the area of ​​the radiation-induced skin injury using the three-dimensional model of the radiation-induced skin injury.

[0050] This invention calibrates a three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device to simultaneously acquire three-dimensional morphological data and passive infrared thermal distribution data of radiation-induced skin injuries. Combined with cold-excitation active imaging and rewarming curve analysis, it achieves joint diagnosis of passive thermal distribution characteristics and dynamic rewarming characteristics. This method effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing radiation-induced skin injury diagnoses, such as strong subjectivity and a lack of objective quantitative standards. It also solves the problems of traditional two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging's inability to accurately determine the depth of complex three-dimensional wounds and its inability to precisely measure wound area. Compared to single two-dimensional infrared imaging, this method is more comprehensive and objective, accurately identifying wound depth and precisely calculating wound area, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the diagnosis.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S1, the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device is a portable three-dimensional infrared thermal imager, and a calibration plate is used to calibrate the portable three-dimensional infrared thermal imager in five standard orientations.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S2, the data acquisition process of the portable three-dimensional infrared thermal imager is completed in a laboratory with constant temperature (24±2℃), constant humidity (40%~60%), and no strong convective air. This environmental condition can effectively eliminate the interference of ambient airflow and temperature and humidity fluctuations on infrared thermometry, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the data and improving the repeatability of diagnostic results.

[0053] After calibration and verification, a portable 3D infrared thermal imager was used to photograph the radiation-induced skin injury at a distance of 40cm from the wound. During scanning, the scanner was moved slowly and at a constant speed from below the wound towards the head, with slight left and right swaying, using the midline of the wound as a reference, to ensure complete coverage of the entire wound and surrounding normal skin area. Simultaneously, passive infrared thermal distribution data of the normal skin around the wound was collected at the same distance and angle as a diagnostic reference.

[0054] To enhance the visual contrast across temperature zones, the software's color palette was uniformly set to high contrast mode, with temperatures transitioning from high to low corresponding to a gradient of white, red, yellow, green, blue, purple, and black. After scanning, point cloud trimming and noise removal were performed on the images within the software, and the data was packaged for subsequent analysis.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, the infrared thermal imager is switched to video recording mode, with a resolution set to 640×480 pixels and a frame rate set to 10 frames / second to accurately capture rapid temperature changes during the rewarming process. Appropriate temperature measurement points are selected in wound areas at different depths and in the control area using software temperature measurement tools. A 5-second baseline thermal image is recorded first, followed by a cold stimulation operation. Cold stimulation uses 4°C pre-cooled sterile saline gauze as a medium, with 5 layers of pre-cooled saline gauze evenly covering the entire wound surface. After stimulation, monitoring continues until the wound rewarming is complete, with a total monitoring time of 180 seconds to ensure the complete rewarming plateau phase can be observed.

[0056] After data acquisition, the video files were imported into the computer, and the ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded simultaneously. All videos were then imported into the accompanying professional software IRToolPro for temperature extraction and rewarming curve establishment. This invention establishes two types of rewarming curves: the first is a 60-second rewarming curve, starting from when the wound temperature rises to 25°C, recording the temperature every 10 seconds for 60 seconds and plotting the temperature-time curve; the second is a 10-second rewarming curve, starting from when the wound temperature rises to 25°C, recording the temperature every second for 10 seconds and plotting the rewarming curve.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, pre-cooled sterile saline gauze is used for cold stimulation, which is a safe and gentle procedure. Continuous sampling until the rewarming plateau phase allows for a complete reflection of the wound tissue's blood supply recovery characteristics, making the rewarming curve more valuable for diagnostic reference. Differential sampling of long-term and short-term rewarming curves can take into account both the rapid temperature changes in the initial rewarming phase and the stable recovery trend in the later phase, providing a more comprehensive characterization of the microcirculation status of the damaged tissue and further improving the accuracy of injury depth assessment.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S4, the color difference, temperature difference and active thermal imaging data between the wound area and normal skin are comprehensively analyzed to determine the depth of wound damage; a closed contour is accurately drawn along the wound boundary on the surface of the three-dimensional model, and the wound area is calculated based on the sum of the areas of all triangular patches in the selected area.

[0059] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0060] This invention offers a simple, non-invasive, and safe technical approach with high patient acceptance. The equipment used is portable and flexible, making it applicable to a wide range of scenarios. Based on this invention, a three-dimensional infrared thermographic diagnostic system for radiation-induced skin injuries can objectively diagnose the depth and area of ​​acute radiation-induced skin injuries at different stages and with different radiation doses. Experimental verification shows that this method has a diagnostic sensitivity of 94.4% and a specificity of over 96.3% for radiation-induced skin injuries. The diagnostic results accurately reflect the severity of acute radiation-induced skin injuries and provide a reliable basis for clinical treatment planning (such as whether surgical intervention is necessary) and prognosis assessment (including healing time, risk of scar hyperplasia, and functional impairment).

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging diagnostic device for radiation-induced skin injuries, characterized in that, It includes an optical unit, a synchronous data acquisition unit, and a processing and analysis unit; The optical unit includes a three-dimensional laser scanning module and an infrared thermal imaging module. The three-dimensional laser scanning module and the infrared thermal imaging module are arranged in a coaxial optical path to simultaneously acquire three-dimensional morphological data and infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury. The synchronous data acquisition unit is communicatively connected to the optical unit and is used to perform time stamp synchronization and alignment of the three-dimensional topography data and infrared thermal distribution data, and transmit the time stamp synchronized and aligned data to the processing and analysis unit. The processing and analysis unit includes a data fusion module and a wound quantitative analysis module; The data fusion module is used to spatially register and fuse the three-dimensional topography data that has been synchronized and aligned with the timestamp with the infrared thermal distribution data. The wound quantitative analysis module is used to quantitatively identify the depth of wound damage and calculate the three-dimensional area of ​​the wound based on the data after spatial registration and data fusion.

2. The diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional laser scanning module includes a laser emitter and a structured light projector; the scanning accuracy of the three-dimensional laser scanning module is >0.1mm, and the scanning speed is >10 frames / second.

3. The diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared thermal imaging module includes an infrared detector, an infrared focal plane array, and an optical objective lens; the imaging resolution of the infrared thermal imaging module is >640×480 pixels, and the thermal sensitivity is <0.05℃.

4. The diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous data acquisition unit includes a data acquisition card and a data transmission interface. The data acquisition card integrates a synchronization trigger module, which is used to synchronize and align the three-dimensional topography data and infrared thermal distribution data with timestamps, and transmit the data to the processing and analysis unit through the data transmission interface.

5. The diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagnostic device is an integrated structure with an operating temperature range of 0℃ to 40℃ and is equipped with a power supply module.

6. The diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data fusion module maps infrared thermal distribution data to a three-dimensional topographic point cloud model constructed from three-dimensional topographic data to achieve spatial registration and data fusion; the wound quantitative analysis module automatically or manually delineates the contours along the three-dimensional boundary of the wound to construct triangular patches, and calculates the actual area of ​​the wound based on the accumulation of the surfaces of the triangular patches.

7. A three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging method for diagnosing radiation-induced skin injuries, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, calibrate the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging equipment; S2. After the calibration and verification are qualified, the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device is used to simultaneously collect the three-dimensional morphological data and passive infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury wound, and a three-dimensional model is constructed based on the three-dimensional morphological data; at the same time, passive infrared thermal distribution data of the normal skin around the wound is collected as a control. S3, perform cold stimulation on the radiation-induced skin injury, collect active infrared thermal imaging data of the rewarming process of the radiation-induced skin injury, and establish a rewarming curve based on the active infrared thermal imaging data; S4. Based on the passive infrared thermal distribution data of the radiation-induced skin injury and the surrounding normal skin, as well as the rewarming curve, the depth of the radiation-induced skin injury is comprehensively determined, and the area of ​​the radiation-induced skin injury is calculated using the three-dimensional model of the radiation-induced skin injury.

8. The diagnostic method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the three-dimensional infrared thermal imaging device collects data in an environment with constant temperature and humidity and no strong convection air.

9. The diagnostic method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, the cold stimulation is performed by uniformly covering the radiation-induced skin injury with pre-cooled sterile saline gauze; after the cold stimulation is completed, the rewarming process is continuously collected until the wound is fully rewarmed to obtain a complete rewarming plateau period.

10. The diagnostic method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, the retemperature curve includes a long-term retemperature curve and a short-term retemperature curve; the long-term retemperature curve is sampled at a fixed time interval, and the short-term retemperature curve is sampled every second.

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