Multi-medium combined fire extinguishing control method and system facing dynamic analysis of fire situation

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-medium joint fire extinguishing control method and system for fire situation dynamic analysis, relates to the technical field of fire situation dynamic analysis, and comprises the following steps: acquiring battery cluster layout information, cell connection data and fire situation sensing data in a battery cabin of an energy storage power station; constructing an energy storage space correlation relationship, locating an initial risk unit, a heat transfer unit and a potential diffusion unit of a thermal anomaly, and establishing a locating result; performing path analysis on a thermal anomaly propagation process to form a fire situation evolution path sequence; performing matching analysis to construct a multi-medium synergistic action chain; and establishing a multi-medium hierarchical release control sequence. The application solves the technical problems of disorderly medium delivery, fire situation disposal lag and poor adaptability of multi-medium joint use in the existing energy storage battery cabin fire extinguishing scheme, achieves precise hierarchical joint fire extinguishing of the energy storage cabin, and improves the technical effects of fire situation suppression timeliness and multi-medium synergistic prevention and control reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire dynamic analysis technology, specifically to a multi-media combined fire extinguishing control method and system for fire dynamic analysis. Background Technology

[0002] In the event of thermal runaway in battery cells, existing energy storage power stations often employ a single extinguishing agent for uniform spraying, lacking a collaborative management logic for multiple types of extinguishing agents. They fail to consider cell layout and heat diffusion patterns when dispensing extinguishing agents at different times and in different areas. Conventional monitoring methods simply collect single temperature data, unable to accurately delineate initial risk units, heat transfer units, and potential diffusion units based on multi-source sensor information. This makes it difficult to deduce the complete fire evolution path. Furthermore, the timing of agent release lacks stratification and classification, easily leading to problems such as delayed extinguishing agent spraying, overlapping areas of action, or gaps in control. When different extinguishing agents are mixed, chemical and physical incompatibilities are not avoided in advance, resulting in insufficient extinguishing efficiency, difficulty in quickly stopping fire spread, and weak control over secondary thermal runaway. These methods are ill-suited to the differentiated handling needs of dynamic thermal runaway diffusion within energy storage battery cells.

[0003] Existing fire extinguishing solutions for energy storage battery compartments suffer from technical problems such as disordered media delivery, delayed fire response, and poor compatibility of multiple media used together. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a multi-media combined fire extinguishing control method and system for dynamic fire analysis, which is used to address the technical problems of disordered media delivery, delayed fire response, and poor adaptability of multi-media combined use in existing fire extinguishing schemes for energy storage battery compartments.

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a multi-media joint fire extinguishing control method and system for dynamic fire analysis.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a multi-media combined fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis, the method comprising: The system acquires battery cluster layout information, cell connection data, and fire sensing data within the battery compartment of an energy storage power station. The fire sensing data includes cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and flue gas diffusion data, collected through multi-source distributed sensor data acquisition nodes. Based on the battery cluster layout information and cell connection data, a spatial correlation relationship is constructed within the energy storage system. The fire sensing data is then mapped to this relationship to locate the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit, and potential diffusion unit of the thermal anomaly, establishing the location results. Based on the location results, path analysis of the thermal anomaly propagation process is performed to form a fire evolution path sequence. Matching analysis is performed based on the fire evolution path sequence and the cooling, combustion suppression, and isolation areas corresponding to different extinguishing media to construct a multi-media synergistic action chain. Based on the multi-media synergistic action chain, a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence is established according to the risk node priority in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing media.

[0007] A second aspect of this application provides a multi-media combined fire suppression control system for dynamic fire situation analysis, the system comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire battery cluster layout information, cell connection data, and fire perception data within the battery compartment of the energy storage power station. The fire perception data includes cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and flue gas diffusion data. The fire perception data is constructed by collecting data from multiple source distributed sensor nodes. The location result establishment module is used to construct the energy storage space correlation based on the battery cluster layout information and cell connection data, map the fire perception data to the energy storage space correlation, locate the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit, and potential diffusion unit of the thermal anomaly, and establish the location result. The fire evolution path sequence generation module is used to perform path analysis of the thermal anomaly propagation process based on the location result and form a fire evolution path sequence. The action chain construction module is used to perform matching analysis based on the fire evolution path sequence and the cooling effect area, combustion inhibition area, and isolation effect area corresponding to different extinguishing media to construct a multi-media synergistic action chain. The control sequence establishment module is used to establish a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence based on the multi-media synergistic action chain, according to the risk node priority in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing media.

[0008] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This process acquires battery cluster layout information, cell connection data, and fire situation awareness data within the battery compartment of an energy storage power station. It then constructs a spatial correlation relationship for the energy storage space, mapping the fire situation awareness data to this relationship to locate the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit, and potential diffusion unit of the thermal anomaly, establishing the location results. Path analysis of the thermal anomaly propagation process is performed to form a fire evolution path sequence. Matching analysis is executed to construct a multi-media synergistic action chain. Based on this chain, a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence is established according to the priority of risk nodes in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing media. This achieves the technical effect of enabling precise, layered, and coordinated fire suppression within the energy storage compartment, improving the timeliness of fire suppression and the reliability of multi-media collaborative prevention and control. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of a multi-media joint fire extinguishing control method for dynamic fire analysis provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A bar chart comparing the fire response effects of three test schemes provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-media combined fire extinguishing control system for dynamic fire analysis provided in this application embodiment.

[0011] Figure labeling: Data acquisition module 10, location result establishment module 20, fire evolution path sequence generation module 30, action chain construction module 40, control sequence establishment module 50. Detailed Implementation

[0012] This application provides a multi-media combined fire extinguishing control method and system for dynamic fire analysis, which is used to address the technical problems of disordered media delivery, delayed fire response, and poor adaptability of multi-media combined use in existing fire extinguishing schemes for energy storage battery compartments.

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis, the method comprising: Step S100: Obtain battery cluster layout information, cell connection data and fire perception data in the battery compartment of the energy storage power station. The fire perception data includes cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data and flue gas diffusion data. The fire perception data is constructed by collecting data from multi-source distributed sensor nodes.

[0015] Specifically, the data collected for the battery compartment of the energy storage power station consists of three categories: First, battery cluster layout information, representing geometric spatial parameters such as the spatial arrangement coordinates, inter-cluster spacing, and installation layering positions of each battery cluster within the compartment; second, cell connection data, referring to electrical correlation parameters such as the series and parallel connection methods between cells within the compartment, electrical connectivity topology, and the binding relationship between cells and their respective battery clusters; and third, fire sensing data, which is collected and integrated in real time by multi-source distributed sensor nodes within the compartment. These multi-source distributed sensor nodes include temperature acquisition nodes deployed on the cell surfaces, thermal radiation acquisition nodes deployed between battery clusters, combustible gas concentration acquisition nodes deployed inside the airflow channels of the compartment, and flue gas diffusion acquisition nodes deployed at the locations of the exhaust channels. The data acquisition nodes include: a temperature acquisition node that collects cell temperature change data (real-time and continuous temperature change curves of a single cell surface); a thermal radiation acquisition node that collects thermal radiation distribution data (the intensity and spatial distribution of thermal radiation at different locations within the chamber); a combustible gas concentration acquisition node that collects combustible gas concentration data (the components and real-time concentration values ​​of volatile combustible gases within the chamber); and a flue gas diffusion acquisition node that collects flue gas diffusion data (the direction of flue gas flow, the diffusion coverage area, and the flue gas concentration gradient). This data comprehensively collects battery cluster layout information, cell connection data, and fire perception data containing four types of monitoring information, serving as the primary input data source for subsequent fire location and spread analysis.

[0016] Step S200: Based on the battery cluster layout information and cell connection data, construct the energy storage space association relationship, map the fire perception data to the energy storage space association relationship, locate the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit and potential diffusion unit of thermal anomaly, and establish the location result.

[0017] Specifically, the energy storage space is associated with the battery cluster layout information and cell connection data. This association integrates the spatial geometry of the battery clusters with the electrical connectivity topology of the cells, characterizing the spatial adjacency and electrical conduction relationships between all cells and battery clusters within the compartment. The complete fire perception data is then matched and mapped to each cell unit corresponding to the energy storage space association. Based on the cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and smoke diffusion data corresponding to each unit, thermal anomaly points are identified. The initial risk unit that first shows signs of thermal runaway, the heat transfer unit that receives heat from the initial unit, and the potential diffusion unit that has the possibility of being ignited by heat are distinguished. The spatial location and associated relationship of the three types of units are marked, and the results are summarized to form a standardized fire location result.

[0018] Step S300: Based on the location results, perform path analysis of the thermal anomaly propagation process to form a fire evolution path sequence.

[0019] Specifically, the system reads the location results of the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit, and potential diffusion unit. First, based on the electrothermal runaway propagation mechanism model, it retrieves the heat radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and battery temperature change data corresponding to each heat propagation unit. It calculates the heat transfer power from each unit to its adjacent units, and combines the spatial distance and electrical connection topology between units to determine the bidirectional propagation trend of heat and combustion medium. All risk units are ordered according to the order of thermal runaway occurrence and the strength of heat conduction. The system traces the complete propagation path of thermal anomaly from the initial risk unit to the heat transfer unit and then to the potential diffusion unit. At the same time, it records the accompanying parameters such as heat transfer power, gas concentration change, and heat radiation coverage area corresponding to each propagation process. The ordered risk units and their corresponding propagation characteristic information are integrated to generate a complete and orderly fire evolution path sequence, which is used to match various fire extinguishing media and build a synergistic action chain.

[0020] Step S400: Based on the fire evolution path sequence and the cooling effect area, combustion inhibition area and isolation effect area corresponding to different fire extinguishing media, perform matching analysis to construct a multi-media synergistic effect chain.

[0021] Specifically, the process involves reading the output fire evolution path sequence and simultaneously retrieving the corresponding action area spectra of the pre-defined cooling, combustion suppression, and isolation areas of each extinguishing medium. First, functional requirements are analyzed for each heat propagation node within the fire evolution path sequence. Based on the electrothermal runaway propagation mechanism model and real-time node monitoring data, heat transfer power is calculated, and corresponding cooling levels are retrieved and matched. The combustion suppression type (physical asphyxiation, chemical inhibition, or dilution and explosion suppression) is determined based on the combustible gas composition. The required isolation range is then delineated using thermal radiation data. Finally, a three-dimensional spatial geometric intersection-comparison calculation is performed between the cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range obtained from each node analysis and the action area spectra of each extinguishing medium. If the overall coverage of a single medium meets the standard, a feasible single-medium combination is directly generated. If a single medium cannot meet the threshold, multiple medium combinations are traversed, and conflicting combinations with chemical or physical interference are eliminated through a media incompatibility table. Combinations that meet the coverage standard are selected and their roles are marked. Then, the spatiotemporal intersection of the action periods of media combinations at adjacent nodes is calculated by combining the release response delay and effective duration of each feasible medium combination. A spatiotemporal-effectiveness synergy matrix is ​​constructed and transformed into a weighted graph model. The shortest path is obtained by weighted optimization based on thermal blocking coherence, medium cost, and residual hazard. The medium connection sequence on the path is extracted as a multi-medium synergy chain, thereby clarifying the medium type and spatial action sequence that each fire propagation node is adapted to.

[0022] Step S500: Based on the multi-media synergistic action chain, establish a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence according to the risk node priority in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing medium.

[0023] Specifically, the multi-media synergistic action chain is read from the output. First, the spatial positional relationship of each heat propagation node in the heat runaway propagation path and its correlation with fire spread are extracted. The propagation impact level of each node is calculated by comprehensively considering the node's thermal radiation power, combustible gas concentration, and temperature rise rate. Simultaneously, the inherent time characteristic parameters such as the preset response establishment time, effective duration, and attenuation time of various extinguishing media are retrieved. Based on the propagation impact level, the extinguishing media matched to each heat propagation node are classified into release levels. The media acting on the initial area of ​​heat runaway are classified as the pre-suppression layer, the media acting on the intermediate fire spread area are classified as the intermediate control layer, and the media acting on the distant potential spread area are classified as the subsequent blocking layer. Then, the action connection sequence between the three layers of media is sorted out. The activation interval of each layer of media is matched by the media release delay and the effective residual effect interval. The release objects, release order, and inter-layer release time intervals corresponding to each layer of media are uniformly collected and integrated to generate a complete and standardized multi-media hierarchical release control sequence, which is used to guide fire-fighting equipment to orderly deliver various extinguishing media to block the spread of heat runaway according to the graded sequence.

[0024] In one possible implementation, step S400 further includes: Step S410: Perform functional requirement analysis on each heat propagation node in the fire evolution path sequence to generate the required cooling level, combustion suppression type and isolation range for the corresponding node.

[0025] Step S420: Obtain the effective area spectrum of each fire extinguishing medium. The effective area spectrum is based on the space inside the battery compartment of the energy storage power station, and predefines the effective cooling radius, flame suppression concentration envelope, and isolation barrier extension area of ​​the fire extinguishing medium.

[0026] Step S430: Match the results of the functional requirements analysis with the spectrum of the action area to determine the spatial coverage and establish a feasible medium combination for a single node.

[0027] Step S440: Optimize the temporal connection of feasible media combinations for adjacent nodes along the time axis of the fire evolution path sequence. Construct a time-space-effect coordination matrix based on the characteristics of media release delay and residual effect overlap, and extract the optimal media type connection sequence that satisfies thermal blocking coherence as the multi-media coordination chain. The multi-media coordination chain is used to indicate the media type to be selected for each node and its spatial action order.

[0028] Specifically, the process sequentially traverses all heat propagation nodes within the fire evolution path sequence, reads the cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, and combustible gas concentration data corresponding to each heat propagation node, calculates the heat transfer power output from the heat propagation node to adjacent units based on a preset electrothermal runaway propagation mechanism model, inputs the heat transfer power into a multi-level cooling demand mapping table to complete the retrieval and matching, and determines the cooling level corresponding to the node; extracts the gas components and real-time concentration values ​​within the combustible gas concentration data, and matches and classifies at least one combustion suppression type: physical asphyxiation, chemical inhibition, or dilution and explosion suppression; calculates the boundary range where the heat flux in the space exceeds the preset safety threshold based on the thermal radiation distribution data, thereby determining the required isolation range of the node, and finally outputs the cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range corresponding to each heat propagation node, completing the functional requirement analysis of all heat propagation nodes.

[0029] The system retrieves pre-stored data on the action area spectrum of various types of fire extinguishing media. This action area spectrum uses the overall three-dimensional spatial coordinate system of the battery compartment of the energy storage power station as the calculation benchmark. Through multiple sets of simulation experiments and on-site spray calibration, the corresponding three types of characteristic parameters for each type of fire extinguishing media are calculated and solidified: effective cooling radius, flame suppression concentration envelope, and isolation barrier extension area. The effective cooling radius represents the maximum spatial distance that can achieve the target cooling level after the media is sprayed. The flame suppression concentration envelope is the three-dimensional closed space range within which the flammable gas suppression concentration reaches the standard after the media disperses. The isolation barrier extension area is the spatial boundary that the media can cover when forming a flame-retardant barrier. The system fully reads the three types of spatial characteristic parameters corresponding to all fire extinguishing media and constructs a standardized action area spectrum that can be used for spatial matching calculation.

[0030] The cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range obtained from the functional requirements analysis of each heat propagation node are compared with the preset action area spectrum of each fire extinguishing medium in three-dimensional space using geometric intersection and comparison calculations. This quantifies the comprehensive coverage of the fire extinguishing medium for all the requirements of the node. If the comprehensive coverage of a single fire extinguishing medium exceeds the preset matching threshold, then the single fire extinguishing medium is directly regarded as a feasible medium combination for that heat propagation node. If a single fire extinguishing medium cannot meet the matching threshold, then the pre-stored incompatible medium combination table is retrieved to exclude medium combinations with chemical incompatibility or physical interference. Then, the remaining compliant fire extinguishing medium combinations are traversed and the comprehensive coverage of each group of media combined on the current heat propagation node requirements is calculated. The medium combinations with coverage reaching the matching threshold are assigned medium action functions and spatial occupancy labels, and all feasible medium combinations for that heat propagation node are summarized.

[0031] Along the timeline of the fire evolution path sequence, all feasible media combinations corresponding to adjacent heat propagation nodes are extracted sequentially. The release response delay time and effective duration parameters built into each feasible media combination are retrieved. The spatiotemporal intersection of the timeline of the effect of the media combination of the preceding node and the timeline of the media combination of the following node reaching the effective extinguishing concentration is calculated. Based on the intersection calculation results, a spatiotemporal-effectiveness coordination matrix is ​​constructed, with the fire evolution path nodes as rows and columns and the matrix elements storing the coordination effectiveness scores of different media combinations of adjacent nodes. This coordination matrix is ​​abstracted into a graph model, with the fire evolution path nodes set as vertices in the graph, and the coordination relationship of media combinations that meet the preset standard as directed edges. The weight of each directed edge is calculated by weighting the thermal blocking coherence, media usage cost, and media residual hazard. The shortest path algorithm is used to traverse the graph model to search for the optimal weighted path from the initial risk unit to the terminal potential diffusion unit. The media type connection sequence corresponding to all directed edges on the shortest path is extracted as a multi-media coordination chain. This multi-media coordination chain can clearly mark the appropriate media type and the order of media spatial action of each risk node.

[0032] In one possible implementation, step S410 further includes: Step S411: After reading the thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data and cell temperature change data of each heat propagation node, calculate the heat transfer power from the corresponding heat propagation node to the adjacent unit based on the preset electrothermal runaway propagation mechanism model.

[0033] Step S412: Use the heat transfer power to search the multi-level cooling demand mapping table, and locate the cooling level according to the search results.

[0034] Step S413: Perform combustion suppression type matching based on the gas composition and concentration in the combustible gas concentration data of the heat propagation node, wherein the combustion suppression type includes at least one or more combinations of physical asphyxiation, chemical suppression and dilution explosion suppression.

[0035] Step S414: Calculate the spatial boundary where the heat flux exceeds the preset safety threshold based on the thermal radiation distribution data, and establish the isolation range.

[0036] Specifically, the system reads thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and cell temperature change data corresponding to each heat propagation node. It then calls a pre-built and trained electrothermal runaway propagation mechanism model to complete the calculation. This model integrates the fundamental multiphysics equations for battery thermal runaway with the Gradient Boosting Tree (GBDT) machine learning module. GBDT consists of multiple serial decision trees connected in series. Each decision tree uses cell temperature, thermal radiation flux, and combustible gas concentration as input features to perform branching. Multiple decision trees progressively fit the predicted residuals of heat transfer power. During the training phase, a large number of thermal runaway test samples from energy storage battery compartments are used. The measured inter-unit heat transfer power is used as a label to continuously iteratively update the tree structure splitting threshold and leaf node weights. Once the prediction error reaches the target, the model parameters are locked. In the online calculation phase, the three types of real-time collected sensing data are first input into the GBDT module, which outputs the heat transfer correction coefficient ξ required for the multiphysics equations. Then, the three sets of core formulas are combined to calculate the total heat transfer power. The solid thermal conductivity heat transfer formula is as follows: λ represents the thermal conductivity of the battery cell, and S is the unit contact heat transfer area. The current node cell temperature, The temperature of adjacent cell units is given by [formula], and L is the heat transfer distance between units; the formula for spatial radiation heat transfer is [formula]. ε is the emissivity of the battery cell surface, σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and A is the radiative heat transfer area; the formula for the heat release of combustible gas in thermal runaway is... C represents the real-time concentration of the combustible gas, V represents the gas diffusion volume, and ΔH represents the corresponding calorific value of the gas combustion. Adding these three types of heat yields the total heat transfer per unit time and the total heat transfer power. The final output is a quantified heat transfer power, which provides a quantitative calculation basis for subsequent retrieval and matching of the corresponding cooling level.

[0037] The system receives the calculated heat transfer power and retrieves a pre-stored multi-level cooling demand mapping table. This mapping table pre-sets different heat transfer power value ranges and corresponding cooling levels in a segmented manner. The table fully records the lower limit, upper limit, matching cooling level number, and corresponding cooling index of each power range. The current heat transfer power value is compared and retrieved with the boundaries of each power range in the mapping table to determine the target range in which the current heat transfer power is located. The cooling level bound to this range is extracted as the required cooling level for the current heat propagation node, thus completing the quantitative matching of cooling demands.

[0038] The system extracts the gas components and real-time concentration values ​​of the combustible gas concentration data corresponding to the heat propagation node, retrieves a pre-stored combustion inhibition matching table, which records the combustion inhibition types corresponding to physical asphyxiation, chemical inhibition, and dilution-based combustion suppression for each type of combustible gas component. At the same time, it sets combination matching rules for multiple components coexisting. First, it locks the basic inhibition type based on the identified gas components, and then determines whether other inhibition types need to be superimposed based on the real-time concentration values. A single gas component is matched with only a single combustion inhibition type, while multiple combustible gas components are combined when they coexist. Finally, it outputs one or more combustion inhibition types corresponding to the heat propagation node, which are used for subsequent spatial coverage matching calculations with the extinguishing medium's action area spectrum.

[0039] Read the thermal radiation distribution data corresponding to the heat propagation node. The thermal radiation distribution data includes the real-time heat flux value corresponding to each coordinate point in the three-dimensional space of the battery compartment. A heat flux safety threshold that will not cause thermal runaway of surrounding cells is preset. Traverse all sampling points in the space and compare the heat flux value of each point with the safety threshold one by one. Filter out all spatial coordinate points whose heat flux value is greater than the safety threshold. Based on the selected coordinate points, use a three-dimensional spatial contour fitting algorithm to generate a continuous closed spatial envelope boundary. The area inside this closed envelope surface is the area that needs to be blocked from heat spread. Define the three-dimensional spatial range corresponding to this envelope boundary as the isolation range, and complete the calculation and delineation of the isolation range of the current heat propagation node.

[0040] In one possible implementation, step S430 further includes: Step S431: Perform a three-dimensional spatial geometric intersection and comparison calculation on the cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range required for each heat propagation node and the effective area spectrum of each extinguishing extreme value.

[0041] Step S432: If the overall coverage of a single extinguishing medium in terms of cooling level, combustion suppression type and isolation range exceeds the preset matching threshold, then the single extinguishing medium is considered as a feasible medium combination.

[0042] Step S433: If a single extinguishing medium cannot meet the matching threshold, then traverse all combinations of extinguishing media, calculate the required coverage of the combined action on the heat propagation nodes, and assign the roles and spatial occupancy of extinguishing media combinations whose required coverage exceeds the matching threshold.

[0043] Specifically, the cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range obtained from the heat propagation node analysis are read. Simultaneously, the effective area spectrum corresponding to each extinguishing medium is retrieved. This effective area spectrum is uniformly constructed based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinate system of the battery compartment, corresponding to the effective cooling radius of the medium, the flame suppression concentration envelope, and the three-dimensional geometric model of the isolation effective area. First, the cooling requirement spatial geometry, combustion suppression requirement spatial geometry, and isolation requirement spatial geometry corresponding to the node requirements are constructed, as well as the medium cooling geometry, flame suppression geometry, and isolation geometry corresponding to each extinguishing medium. Then, a three-dimensional spatial intersection-union ratio calculation is performed dimensionally. The single-dimensional intersection-union ratio calculation formula is IoUi=V. i交 / V i需 V i交 V represents the volume of the intersection and overlap between the geometry representing the medium's action and the geometry corresponding to the node's dimensional requirements. i需 This represents the total volume of the geometry required for this dimension node, with i corresponding to the cooling dimension, combustion suppression dimension, and isolation dimension in turn; then, the weight of the cooling dimension is configured. Combustion suppression dimension weight Isolation dimension weight The sum of the three weights is 1, and the formula for calculating the overall coverage is: If a multi-media joint combination is adopted, the geometric bodies of all media are first spatially fused to obtain the joint action envelope geometry. Then, the above-mentioned cross-intersection-union-ratio operation is repeated to solve the comprehensive coverage. The comprehensive coverage obtained by quantification is used to determine whether the media combination meets the matching requirements, providing quantitative calculation support for screening feasible media combinations for single nodes.

[0044] The system retrieves the total overall coverage (IoU) for each type of single extinguishing medium, reads the pre-configured fixed matching threshold, and compares the overall coverage value of each single extinguishing medium with the matching threshold item by item. When the overall coverage value of a single extinguishing medium is greater than the preset matching threshold, it is determined that the single extinguishing medium can completely cover the three types of prevention and control space requirements of cooling, combustion suppression, and isolation at the current heat propagation node. The single extinguishing medium is then directly packaged and recorded as a feasible medium combination. The effective cooling radius, flame suppression concentration envelope, and spatial parameters of the isolation barrier extension area corresponding to the medium are recorded simultaneously. This completes the determination and storage of feasible single medium combinations, which can meet all fire prevention and control requirements of the node without the need to combine with other extinguishing media.

[0045] When the overall coverage of a single extinguishing medium does not reach the preset matching threshold, all combinations of two or more extinguishing media are first iterated through. A list of incompatible media combinations is retrieved to eliminate invalid combinations due to chemical conflicts or physical cancellation. For the remaining compliant combinations, coverage calculations are performed sequentially. First, the cooling three-dimensional geometry, flame-suppressing envelope geometry, and isolation barrier geometry of each medium within the combination are spatially merged to obtain the multi-media combined cooling space, combined flame-suppressing space, and combined isolation space. The IoU formula is then used. i总 =V i多交 / V i需 Solve for the cross-union ratios of the three dimensions of cooling, combustion suppression, and isolation respectively, where V i多交 V represents the volume of the intersection between the multi-medium combined geometry and the corresponding dimensional required geometry. i需 The total volume required for this dimension of the node is then calculated using a weighted formula. Calculate the overall coverage of the entire media combination. , , With fixed weights for each dimension and the sum of the three equal to 1, the calculated... Compared with the preset matching threshold, the effective media combinations with values ​​exceeding the threshold are retained. Then, the division of labor is divided based on the spatial distribution and functional characteristics of each medium's working area. Each medium is assigned to one or more functions such as cooling, flame suppression, or isolation. At the same time, the independent spatial occupancy of each medium and the boundary of the overlapping and collaborative area between media are marked to complete the division of labor and spatial labeling of the qualified media combinations.

[0046] In one possible implementation, step S440 further includes: Step S441: Obtain the physical characteristic parameters of the release response delay time and effective duration of all media in each feasible media combination.

[0047] Step S442: Traverse the feasible media combinations of two adjacent nodes in the fire evolution path sequence, and calculate the spatiotemporal intersection between the effective effect decay timeline of the preceding media combination and the timeline of the subsequent media combination reaching the effective effect concentration based on the release response delay time and the effective effect duration.

[0048] Step S443: Construct a time-space-efficiency synergy matrix based on the calculated spatiotemporal intersection results. The time-space-efficiency synergy matrix uses the fire evolution path nodes as rows and columns, and the matrix elements are used to characterize the synergy efficiency score of different media combinations between adjacent nodes.

[0049] Step S444: Abstract the time-space-effectiveness synergy matrix into a graph model, where the fire evolution path nodes are graph nodes, and the media combinations that meet the preset synergy effectiveness score are connected as directed edges. The weight of the directed edges is calculated based on the weighted average of thermal blocking continuity, media cost, and residual hazard.

[0050] Step S445: Search for the weighted shortest path from the starting node to the ending node in the graph model, and output the sequence of medium types connected by each edge on the weighted shortest path as a multi-medium cooperative chain.

[0051] Specifically, the system retrieves the built-in fire extinguishing medium parameter database. For each feasible medium combination corresponding to each heat propagation node, the physical characteristic parameters of each fire extinguishing medium in the combination are extracted one by one after factory calibration and on-site spray test correction. Among them, the release response delay time represents the time interval required from the fire control equipment issuing the spray command to the medium forming an effective control concentration, and the effective action duration represents the longest time that the medium can maintain the standard cooling, flame suppression, and isolation effect after spraying. The two types of time parameters corresponding to each medium are read and stored in a unified manner to provide the time sequence basis data for subsequent time sequence connection calculation and time-space-effect synergy matrix construction.

[0052] Along the fire evolution path sequence, two adjacent heat propagation nodes are selected sequentially. A double-layer loop iterates through all feasible medium combinations at the preceding node and all feasible medium combinations at the following node to form paired combinations. The injection start time for the medium combination at the preceding node is initially set as... The start time of the post-node medium combination injection is Response delay of medium release before retrieval Duration of effective action The subsequent combined medium release response delay Duration of effective action The starting point of the effective action interval of the previous combination is obtained through calculation. Extinction endpoint The starting point of the effective range of the subsequent combination Failure endpoint Then, the overlapping interval of the two timelines is determined by the interval intersection judgment logic: if and The starting time of the intersection is The intersection termination time is Intersection duration If there is no overlap, then The value is assigned to 0, and the three-dimensional action space coordinates of the two sets of media are bound to complete the spatiotemporal association record. This is used to quantify the degree of temporal collaboration overlap between the two sets of media in adjacent nodes, and to provide a calculation basis for filling the collaboration efficiency value of the spatiotemporal collaboration matrix.

[0053] Using the heat propagation nodes arranged sequentially within the fire evolution path sequence as the matrix row and column indices, the matrix rows represent preceding heat propagation nodes and the matrix columns represent adjacent subsequent heat propagation nodes. Each element in the matrix corresponds to a pairing and connection scheme between a feasible medium combination of the preceding node and a feasible medium combination of the following node, based first on the calculated temporal overlap duration. Dividing by the baseline reference duration yields the temporal synergy score, which is then combined with the proportion of the three-dimensional spatial overlap volume of the two media to obtain the spatial synergy score. Finally, a weighted summation is performed using preset weights to obtain the synergy effectiveness score. , , These are the temporal weights and spatial weights, respectively, and their sum is 1. The system is preset with a standard duration of action. To calculate the spatial intersection-union ratio of the combined effects of the preceding and following media, the synergistic effectiveness score is filled into the matrix element at the intersection of the corresponding row and column. This process is repeated for all adjacent nodes and all feasible media combination pairings, and the numerical values ​​are filled in. Finally, a complete temporal-spatial-effectiveness synergy matrix is ​​generated. All elements in the matrix completely record the synergistic advantages and disadvantages of various media combination connection schemes of adjacent nodes, providing a quantitative data carrier for the subsequent selection of the optimal media connection sequence.

[0054] The complete spatiotemporal-efficiency synergy matrix is ​​transformed into a graphical model. First, each heat propagation node on the fire evolution path is mapped to an independent vertex in a directed graph. Then, all adjacent nodes in the matrix are paired with corresponding media combination connection schemes. Connections with synergy efficiency scores higher than the system's preset minimum score threshold are selected. Each compliant media combination connection is defined as a directed edge from the preceding vertex to the following vertex. Weighted calculations are performed simultaneously on each directed edge using the formula W = α·S. 阻断 +β·C 成本 +γ·H 危害 Where α, β, and γ are preset normalized weight coefficients and their sum equals 1, S 阻断 The thermal blocking coherence quantification score corresponding to the dielectric combination is obtained by converting the coverage of the dielectric joint isolation space, C. 成本 H represents the normalized inverse score for media usage cost; the higher the cost, the lower the score. 危害 The normalized inverse score for the residual hazard of the medium is used, with the higher the residual hazard, the lower the corresponding score. The total weight obtained by weighted summation is assigned to the corresponding directed edge, completing the construction of all vertices, qualified directed edges and edge weights, forming a complete weighted directed graph model, which provides a graph structure carrier for solving the optimal medium connection sequence using path optimization algorithms.

[0055] Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm is used to optimize the path of the constructed weighted directed graph model. The first heat propagation node representing the initial risk unit in the fire evolution path is used as the starting vertex for the path search, and the last heat propagation node representing the final potential diffusion unit is used as the target terminal vertex. The total path weight of each vertex is initialized to infinity, and the total weight of the starting vertex is reset to zero. All vertices in the graph are traversed sequentially. At each step, the untraversed vertex with the smallest current total weight is selected as the intermediate vertex. The total path weight of all outgoing edges pointing to adjacent vertices of this vertex is iteratively updated, and the new total path weight is equal to the intermediate vertex's weight. The cumulative weight of each vertex is added to the calculated weight of the current directed edge. If the new total weight is less than the original recorded weight of the adjacent vertex, the weight is updated synchronously and the connection relationship of the predecessor medium combination is recorded. After all vertices have been iterated and traversed, the medium combination information stored by each predecessor vertex is traced back from the terminating vertex. The medium types corresponding to each directed edge are organized in the forward order of the fire evolution time and spliced ​​to form a complete medium connection sequence. This sequence is the multi-medium synergistic chain and is output outward. It can clearly mark the medium selected for each heat propagation node and the spatial order of the medium's action along the fire diffusion direction.

[0056] In one possible implementation, step S433 further includes: A predefined incompatible media combination table records combinations of extinguishing media that exhibit chemical incompatibility, physical interference, or antagonistic extinguishing mechanisms. The chemical incompatibility reactions include at least the generation of toxic byproducts, the production of corrosive substances, or the initiation of violent decomposition. The physical interferences include at least the mutual collision of jet streams leading to dispersion failure and the agglomeration and sedimentation of solid particles.

[0057] Before performing the step of traversing all combinations of extinguishing media, conflict detection is performed on the candidate extinguishing media based on the media incompatible combination table. If two or more extinguishing media are marked as incompatible combinations, the group of extinguishing media is prohibited from being included in the traversal range of feasible media combinations.

[0058] Specifically, the predefined media incompatibilities table is a media compatibility rule database pre-built and stored offline by the system. It is specifically used to identify fire extinguishing media combinations that cannot be used together. The table records each type of dual-media or multi-media combination with compatibility conflicts, and fully distinguishes three types of incompatible scenarios: chemical incompatibility, physical interference, and antagonistic fire extinguishing mechanisms. Among them, chemical incompatibility reaction specifically includes negative reaction conditions where two types of media react chemically after mixing and contacting each other, generating toxic and harmful gases, highly corrosive electrolyte residues, and severe decomposition and failure of the media itself. Physical interference specifically includes conditions where the airflow direction cancels out during simultaneous multi-media spraying, and particle agglomeration and sedimentation of aerosols and dry powder solid media lead to failure of effective dispersion coverage. Antagonistic fire extinguishing mechanism specifically refers to the compatibility conflict situation where the mechanisms of action such as physical asphyxiation, chemical inhibition, and dilution and explosion suppression cancel each other out and have mutually exclusive functions. This media incompatibilities table can quickly eliminate invalid, conflicting, and deteriorated combination schemes during the media combination traversal and screening stage, ensuring that all media combinations participating in subsequent calculations have a reliable basis for collaborative work.

[0059] Before performing a full traversal of all fire extinguishing media combinations, a pre-built and solidified incompatible media combination table is retrieved to conduct a preliminary conflict screening of all candidate fire extinguishing media. First, all possible fire extinguishing media are permuted and combined to generate an initial candidate combination set. Then, each candidate combination containing two or more media is checked for incompatible relationships. The incompatible media combination table is searched to see if there is an incompatible matching entry for the current combination. If the search determines that any two media in the combination have incompatible combinations with chemical incompatibility, physical interference, or antagonistic fire extinguishing mechanisms, the combination is immediately marked as an invalid conflict combination and directly eliminated, prohibiting it from entering the subsequent coverage calculation, matching threshold verification, and other traversal operations. Only compliant media combinations without any incompatible matching records and that can work normally together are included in the subsequent traversal solution scope. Pre-filtering of incompatible media significantly reduces the amount of invalid calculations, while ensuring that all feasible media combinations participating in the subsequent screening have a safe, stable, and effective basis for collaborative fire extinguishing.

[0060] In one possible implementation, step S500 further includes: Step S510: Based on the media interaction relationship corresponding to each heat propagation node in the multi-media synergistic chain, obtain the positional relationship and diffusion correlation of the heat propagation node in the thermal runaway propagation path, and determine the propagation influence level of each heat propagation node.

[0061] Step S520: Obtain the response setup time, effective duration and attenuation time of each extinguishing medium, and classify the extinguishing medium corresponding to each heat propagation node into release levels according to the propagation influence level and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing medium.

[0062] Step S530: According to the release level classification results, the extinguishing medium acting on the initial thermal runaway region, the thermal diffusion region, and the potential diffusion region is configured as a pre-suppression layer, an intermediate control layer, and a subsequent blocking layer, respectively.

[0063] Step S540: Generate a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence containing the release object, release order, and release time interval based on the media interaction connection relationship between each release layer.

[0064] Specifically, based on the final generated multi-media synergistic chain, the temporal arrangement of each heat propagation node within the chain, the upstream and downstream diffusion topology, the media intervention adaptation priority, and the heat transfer coupling parameters are extracted. This precisely defines the hierarchical positional relationship of each node in the thermal runaway propagation path, namely, the initiating source node, intermediate conduction nodes, and the terminal termination node, and their diffusion relationships. This includes the upstream heat source input intensity, the heat transfer power to downstream nodes, the amount of combustible gas diffusion, and the thermal radiation spread coverage. A four-dimensional quantitative scoring model is constructed, incorporating node position weights, forward diffusion intensity, reverse coupling influence, and the urgency of media intervention. This is then applied through formulas... The comprehensive score of the propagation impact of the nodes is calculated, where... Score the path location. To score diffusion ability, Scoring for upstream and downstream coupling and correlation, To score the urgency of the epidemic prevention and control efforts, , , , To normalize the weighting coefficients and sum them to 1, the preset threshold values ​​for the propagation impact level are retrieved, and the comprehensive scores calculated for each node are automatically matched to the corresponding level. High score intervals correspond to high propagation impact levels, i.e., core source fire-driven nodes; medium score intervals correspond to medium propagation impact levels, i.e., key fire transmission nodes; and low score intervals correspond to low propagation impact levels, i.e. passively affected terminal nodes. Finally, the propagation impact level of all heat propagation nodes is accurately calibrated, providing a quantitative grading basis for subsequent graded prevention and control of thermal runaway in the battery compartment and differentiated media delivery timing and spatial strategies.

[0065] The system retrieves three temporal physical parameters for each type of extinguishing medium from the system's medium parameter library: response setup time, effective duration of action, and decay time. Response setup time represents the time required from the issuance of the injection command to the formation of the target control concentration in the medium. Effective duration of action represents the time it takes for the medium to stably maintain its cooling, flame-suppressing, and isolation effects. Decay time represents the time it takes for the medium concentration to gradually decrease to the failure threshold. The propagation impact level of each heat propagation node is used as the core grading criterion. A two-dimensional grading judgment model is constructed by simultaneously matching the three time characteristics of the medium corresponding to each node. First, a basic release level benchmark is determined based on the propagation impact level, followed by higher propagation impact levels. The release levels are divided into three categories: emergency level 1, regular level 2, and backup level 3. Different levels are matched with different spray activation sequences, spray durations, and supplementary spray strategies. This achieves a tiered release control system that adapts to the fire risk level and the time-dependent characteristics of the medium.

[0066] Based on the classification of extinguishing medium release levels corresponding to each heat propagation node, and combined with the spatial distribution characteristics and propagation location attributes of the fire in the initial thermal runaway area, thermal diffusion area, and potential diffusion area within the battery compartment, the extinguishing mediums matched to each area are configured in layers. The extinguishing medium acting on the initial thermal runaway area, corresponding to the highest emergency release level, is uniformly configured as the pre-suppression layer, mainly used to quickly suppress the source thermal runaway reaction and cut off the initial heat release and gas generation propagation source. The extinguishing medium acting on the thermal diffusion area, corresponding to the conventional release level, is uniformly configured as the intermediate control layer, used to continuously intercept the mid-stage heat spread and combustible gas diffusion, and stabilize the fire transmission situation. The extinguishing medium acting on the potential diffusion area, corresponding to the backup release level, is uniformly configured as the subsequent blocking layer, used to prevent the risk of secondary thermal runaway caused by residual heat and residual smoke. Through the spatial zoning and temporal layering configuration of the three-layer medium, a three-dimensional graded fire prevention and control system is formed, which includes source suppression, mid-stage temperature control, and terminal blocking.

[0067] Based on the spatiotemporal action connection logic and hierarchical matching relationship of the three-layer fire extinguishing media—pre-suppression layer, intermediate control layer, and subsequent blocking layer—this paper analyzes the effective timing, spatial coverage connection sequence, and alternating effect requirements of each layer of media. It extracts the media release objects corresponding to each release layer, clarifying the specific fire extinguishing media type and target area for each layer. Combining the temporal characteristics of each media's response establishment time, effective duration, and attenuation time, the release sequence between layers is determined. Based on the overlapping connection requirements of the effective action windows of adjacent layers, the release time interval between adjacent layers is accurately calculated to ensure that the next layer of media takes effect promptly when the previous layer is nearing failure, avoiding gaps in control and conflicting action sequences. Finally, the paper integrates the arrangement order, progressive release sequence, and precise time intervals of all layers of media release objects to generate a complete, standardized, time-matched, and spatially linked multi-media hierarchical release control sequence, achieving precise fire extinguishing control through layered and hierarchical, time-closed-loop mechanisms.

[0068] In one possible implementation, step S100 further includes: The multi-source distributed sensor acquisition nodes include temperature acquisition nodes set on the surface of the battery cells, thermal radiation acquisition nodes set in the gaps between battery clusters, combustible gas concentration acquisition nodes set in the airflow channel of the cabin, and flue gas diffusion acquisition nodes set in the exhaust channel.

[0069] Specifically, multi-source distributed sensor nodes enable comprehensive perception of the battery compartment's thermal runaway state. Various nodes are deployed differently based on monitoring scenarios and parameters. Temperature nodes are attached to the surface of each individual battery cell to collect real-time data on heat generation and temperature variations during thermal runaway. Thermal radiation nodes are evenly distributed in the gaps between battery clusters to accurately capture data on heat conduction and thermal radiation diffusion characteristics between clusters. Combustible gas concentration nodes are positioned at key locations in the airflow channels inside the battery compartment to monitor real-time changes in combustible gas concentration and airflow diffusion patterns generated by thermal runaway decomposition. Smoke diffusion nodes are fixedly installed throughout the compartment's smoke exhaust channels to dynamically collect data on smoke overflow, diffusion, and flow status. These distributed nodes work together to comprehensively cover the four core monitoring dimensions of battery temperature, thermal radiation, combustible gas, and smoke, providing comprehensive and accurate raw sensor data support for subsequent thermal runaway propagation identification, node determination, and fire suppression strategy generation.

[0070] In one possible implementation, step S200 further includes: After mapping the fire perception data to the energy storage space correlation, fire early warning analysis based on the battery compartment of the energy storage power station is performed, and an early warning signal is reported.

[0071] Specifically, after preprocessing the real-time multi-source distributed fire sensing data collected from the battery compartment through data cleaning, anomaly filtering, and dimensional alignment, the temperature data, thermal radiation data, combustible gas concentration data, and flue gas diffusion data are mapped one by one to the three-dimensional spatial topology association system of the energy storage power station battery compartment based on the actual physical installation coordinates of each sensor acquisition node. This achieves precise binding of sensing data with spatial units such as battery cells, battery clusters, and compartment channels, constructing a spatially visualized fire status dataset. Subsequently, based on preset multi-level fire warning judgment thresholds and multi-parameter joint warning logic, the battery compartment fire warning analysis is carried out. The temperature change amplitude, thermal radiation diffusion rate, combustible gas concentration growth gradient, and flue gas diffusion range in the real-time spatial mapping data are compared simultaneously. Through a multi-indicator fusion discrimination mechanism, single-point abnormal interference and real thermal runaway nascent fire are identified. When the monitoring data meets any level of warning triggering condition or multi-parameter joint exceedance condition, the system automatically generates and outputs the corresponding level of fire warning signal, completing the complete process of intelligent sensing, spatial correlation analysis, and hierarchical warning reporting of battery compartment fire.

[0072] To intuitively illustrate the practical effectiveness of the multi-media combined fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis in battery compartments of energy storage power stations, a 1MW / 2MWh lithium iron phosphate energy storage standard battery compartment was selected as the test scenario for a thermal runaway simulation experiment. The compartment contained 12 battery clusters, each with 280 cells. Thermal runaway of cell number 42 in the 3rd cluster was artificially triggered as the initial risk unit. Three types of fire extinguishing media were configured: A (perfluorohexanone, for rapid cooling and chemical inhibition), B (ultrafine dry powder, for physical isolation and asphyxiation), and C (inert nitrogen, for dilution and explosion suppression). Three sets of comparative experiments were conducted: a traditional single-media spray scheme, a non-matching multi-media mixing scheme, and the layered collaborative control scheme of this invention. The fire suppression time, overall spatial coverage, and number of secondary thermal runaways were recorded for each scheme. The measured data are summarized in Table 1. Table 1 Comparison of Actual Measured Effects of Different Fire Extinguishing and Control Schemes

[0073] Based on the two core indicators in Table 1, namely the total duration of fire suppression and the comprehensive coverage of thermal runaway space, a black-and-white dual-axis parallel bar chart was drawn. Figure 2 , Figure 2 The horizontal axis represents the three test groups. The left vertical axis corresponds to the total duration of fire suppression (in seconds) represented by white hollow bars, and the right vertical axis corresponds to the comprehensive coverage of thermal runaway space (in %) represented by gray filled bars. This is combined with the data in Table 1. Figure 2The visual bar chart clearly shows that the fire suppression time of the test group using the multi-medium hierarchical release control sequence of this invention is only 36 seconds, which is significantly shorter than the two control groups. The overall spatial coverage reaches 94.8%, and no secondary thermal runaway cells are generated. By relying on the media incompatibility table to avoid media incompatibility conflicts, and by releasing the media action window in a layered and sequential manner through the pre-suppression layer, intermediate control layer, and subsequent blocking layer, this invention fully verifies that it can solve the defects of disordered media release, poor compatibility of combined use, and delayed fire response in the existing technology, and effectively improve the timeliness of fire suppression in the energy storage compartment and the reliability of multi-medium collaborative prevention and control.

[0074] Example 2, based on the same inventive concept as the multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis in the previous examples, such as... Figure 3 As shown, this application provides a multi-media combined fire extinguishing control system for dynamic fire analysis. The system and method embodiments in this application are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes: The data acquisition module 10 is used to acquire battery cluster layout information, cell connection data and fire perception data in the battery compartment of the energy storage power station. The fire perception data includes cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data and flue gas diffusion data. The fire perception data is constructed by acquiring data from multi-source distributed sensor acquisition nodes.

[0075] The positioning result establishment module 20 is used to construct the energy storage space association relationship based on the battery cluster layout information and cell connection data, map the fire perception data to the energy storage space association relationship, locate the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit and potential diffusion unit of thermal anomaly, and establish the positioning result.

[0076] The fire evolution path sequence generation module 30 is used to perform path analysis of the thermal anomaly propagation process based on the location results, and to form a fire evolution path sequence.

[0077] The action chain construction module 40 is used to perform matching analysis based on the fire evolution path sequence and the cooling effect area, combustion inhibition area and isolation effect area corresponding to different fire extinguishing media to construct a multi-media synergistic action chain.

[0078] The control sequence establishment module 50 is used to establish a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence based on the risk node priority in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing medium, according to the multi-media synergistic action chain.

[0079] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: Functional requirements are analyzed for each heat propagation node in the fire evolution path sequence to generate the required cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range for the corresponding node. The effective area spectrum of each extinguishing medium is obtained, with the effective cooling radius, combustion suppression concentration envelope, and isolation barrier extension area of ​​the extinguishing medium predefined based on the space inside the battery compartment of the energy storage power station. The results of the functional requirements analysis are spatially matched with the effective area spectrum to establish feasible medium combinations for a single node. Temporal connection optimization is performed on feasible medium combinations of adjacent nodes along the time axis of the fire evolution path sequence. A time-space-effect synergy matrix is ​​constructed based on the medium release delay and residual effect overlap characteristics, and the optimal medium type connection sequence that satisfies thermal blocking continuity is extracted as the multi-medium synergy chain. The multi-medium synergy chain is used to indicate the medium type to be selected for each node and its spatial action sequence.

[0080] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: After reading the thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and cell temperature change data of each heat propagation node, the heat transfer power from the corresponding heat propagation node to the adjacent unit is calculated based on the preset electrothermal runaway propagation mechanism model. The heat transfer power is then used to search the multi-level cooling demand mapping table, and the cooling level is determined based on the search results. Combustion suppression type matching is performed based on the gas composition and concentration in the combustible gas concentration data of the heat propagation node. The combustion suppression type includes at least one or more combinations of physical asphyxiation, chemical suppression, and dilution explosion suppression. The spatial boundary where the heat flux exceeds the preset safety threshold is calculated based on the thermal radiation distribution data, and an isolation range is established.

[0081] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The required cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range for each heat propagation node are calculated using a three-dimensional spatial geometric intersection and comparison with the effect area spectrum of each extinguishing extreme value. If the comprehensive coverage of a single extinguishing medium for cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range exceeds a preset matching threshold, then the single extinguishing medium is considered as a feasible medium combination. If a single extinguishing medium cannot meet the matching threshold, then all extinguishing medium combinations are traversed, the required coverage of the combined effect on the heat propagation node is calculated, and the extinguishing medium combinations with required coverage exceeding the matching threshold are assigned roles and spatial occupancy marks.

[0082] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The physical characteristic parameters of the release response delay time and effective duration of all media in each feasible media combination are obtained. For each adjacent node in the fire evolution path sequence, the feasible media combinations are traversed. Based on the release response delay time and effective duration, the spatiotemporal intersection between the effective duration of the preceding media combination and the timeline of the subsequent media combination reaching its effective concentration is calculated. A spatiotemporal-effectiveness synergy matrix is ​​constructed based on the calculated spatiotemporal intersection results. The spatiotemporal-effectiveness synergy matrix uses fire evolution path nodes as rows and columns, and the matrix elements are used to characterize the synergistic effectiveness score of different media combinations connecting adjacent nodes. The spatiotemporal-effectiveness synergy matrix is ​​abstracted into a graph model, where fire evolution path nodes are graph nodes, and media combination connections that meet the preset synergistic effectiveness score are directed edges. The weight of the directed edges is calculated based on the weighted calculation of thermal blocking coherence, media cost, and residual hazard. The weighted shortest path from the starting node to the ending node is searched in the graph model, and the media type connection sequence represented by each edge on the weighted shortest path is output as a multi-media synergistic chain.

[0083] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: A predefined incompatible media combination table records combinations of extinguishing media that exhibit chemical incompatibility, physical interference, or antagonistic extinguishing mechanisms. The chemical incompatibility includes at least the generation of toxic byproducts, the production of corrosive substances, or the initiation of violent decomposition. The physical interference includes at least the mutual collision of jet streams leading to dispersion failure or the agglomeration and sedimentation of solid particles. Before performing the step of traversing all extinguishing media combinations, a conflict detection is performed on candidate extinguishing media based on the incompatible media combination table. If two or more extinguishing media are marked as incompatible, then that group of extinguishing media is prohibited from being included in the traversal range of feasible media combinations.

[0084] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: Based on the media interaction relationships corresponding to each heat propagation node in the multi-media synergistic chain, the positional relationship and diffusion correlation of the heat propagation nodes in the thermal runaway propagation path are obtained, and the propagation impact level of each heat propagation node is determined. The response establishment time, effective duration, and attenuation time corresponding to each extinguishing medium are obtained. Based on the propagation impact level and the extinguishing medium action time characteristics, the extinguishing medium corresponding to each heat propagation node is divided into release levels. According to the release level division results, the extinguishing mediums acting on the initial thermal runaway region, the thermal diffusion region, and the potential diffusion region are respectively configured as a pre-suppression layer, an intermediate control layer, and a subsequent blocking layer. Based on the media interaction connection relationship between each release layer, a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence containing the release object, release order, and release time interval is generated.

[0085] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The multi-source distributed sensor acquisition nodes include temperature acquisition nodes set on the surface of the battery cells, thermal radiation acquisition nodes set in the gaps between battery clusters, combustible gas concentration acquisition nodes set in the airflow channel of the cabin, and flue gas diffusion acquisition nodes set in the exhaust channel.

[0086] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: After mapping the fire perception data to the energy storage space correlation, fire early warning analysis based on the battery compartment of the energy storage power station is performed, and an early warning signal is reported.

[0087] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is for descriptive purposes only and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Specific embodiments of this specification have been described above. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0089] This specification and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of this application and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multi-media combined fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire situation analysis, characterized in that, The method includes: The system acquires battery cluster layout information, cell connection data, and fire perception data within the battery compartment of an energy storage power station. The fire perception data includes cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and flue gas diffusion data. The fire perception data is constructed by collecting data from multiple source distributed sensor nodes. Based on the battery cluster layout information and cell connection data, an energy storage space correlation relationship is constructed. The fire perception data is mapped to the energy storage space correlation relationship to locate the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit and potential diffusion unit of thermal anomaly, and establish the location result. Based on the location results, a path analysis of the thermal anomaly propagation process is conducted to form a sequence of fire evolution paths; Based on the fire evolution path sequence and the cooling effect area, combustion inhibition area and isolation effect area corresponding to different fire extinguishing media, a matching analysis is performed to construct a multi-media synergistic effect chain; Based on the multi-media synergistic action chain, a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence is established according to the priority of risk nodes in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing medium; Based on the fire evolution path sequence and the cooling effect zone, combustion inhibition zone, and isolation effect zone corresponding to different extinguishing media, a matching analysis is performed to construct a multi-media synergistic effect chain, including: Functional requirements analysis is performed on each heat propagation node in the fire evolution path sequence to generate the required cooling level, combustion suppression type and isolation range for the corresponding node; The effective area spectrum of each fire extinguishing medium is obtained. The effective area spectrum is based on the space inside the battery compartment of the energy storage power station and predefines the effective cooling radius, flame suppression concentration envelope and isolation barrier extension area of ​​the fire extinguishing medium. The results of the functional requirements analysis are matched with the spatial coverage of the action area spectrum to establish a feasible medium combination for a single node. The feasible medium combinations of adjacent nodes are optimized for temporal connection along the time axis of the fire evolution path sequence. A time-space-effect coordination matrix is ​​constructed based on the medium release delay and residual effect overlap characteristics. The optimal medium type connection sequence that satisfies the thermal blocking coherence is extracted from the matrix as the multi-medium coordination chain. The multi-medium coordination chain is used to indicate the medium type to be selected for each node and its spatial action order. Functional requirements analysis is performed on each heat propagation node in the fire evolution path sequence, including: After reading the thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data, and cell temperature change data of each heat propagation node, the heat transfer power from the corresponding heat propagation node to the adjacent unit is calculated based on the preset electrothermal runaway propagation mechanism model. The heat transfer power is used to search the multi-level cooling demand mapping table, and the cooling level is located based on the search results. Combustion suppression type matching is performed based on the gas composition and concentration in the combustible gas concentration data of the heat propagation node, wherein the combustion suppression type includes at least one or more combinations of physical asphyxiation, chemical suppression, and dilution explosion suppression; Based on the thermal radiation distribution data, calculate the spatial boundary where the heat flux exceeds the preset safety threshold, and establish an isolation range.

2. The multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The results of the functional requirements analysis are spatially matched with the spectrum of the action area to establish feasible media combinations for a single node, including: The required cooling level, combustion suppression type, and isolation range for each heat propagation node are calculated by performing a three-dimensional spatial geometric intersection and comparison with the effective area spectrum of each fire extinguishing extreme value. If the overall coverage of a single extinguishing medium in terms of cooling level, combustion suppression type and isolation range exceeds the preset matching threshold, then the single extinguishing medium will be considered as a feasible combination of media. If a single extinguishing medium cannot meet the matching threshold, then all combinations of extinguishing media are traversed, the required coverage of the combined action on the heat propagation nodes is calculated, and the extinguishing media combinations whose required coverage exceeds the matching threshold are assigned roles and spatial occupancy marks.

3. The multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Extracting the optimal media type connection sequence that satisfies thermal blocking coherence as the multi-media synergistic chain includes: Obtain the physical property parameters of the release response delay time and effective duration of all media in each feasible media combination; For each of the two adjacent nodes in the fire evolution path sequence, traverse their respective feasible media combinations, and calculate the spatiotemporal intersection between the effective effect decay timeline of the preceding media combination and the timeline of the subsequent media combination reaching the effective effect concentration based on the release response delay time and the effective effect duration. A time-space-efficiency synergy matrix is ​​constructed based on the calculated spatiotemporal intersection results. The time-space-efficiency synergy matrix uses the fire evolution path nodes as rows and columns, and the matrix elements are used to characterize the synergy efficiency score of different media combinations between adjacent nodes. The time-space-effectiveness synergy matrix is ​​abstracted into a graph model, where the fire evolution path nodes are graph nodes, and the media combinations that meet the preset synergy effectiveness score are connected as directed edges. The weight of the directed edges is calculated based on the weighted average of thermal blocking coherence, media cost, and residual hazard. Search for the weighted shortest path from the start node to the end node in the graph model, and output the sequence of medium types connected by each edge on the weighted shortest path as a multi-medium cooperative chain.

4. The multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Before traversing all combinations of extinguishing agents, including: A predefined incompatible media combination table records combinations of extinguishing media that exhibit chemical incompatibility, physical interference, or antagonistic extinguishing mechanisms. The chemical incompatibility reaction includes at least the generation of toxic byproducts, the production of corrosive substances, or the initiation of violent decomposition. The physical interference includes at least the mutual collision of jet airflows leading to dispersion failure and the agglomeration and sedimentation of solid particles. Before performing the step of traversing all combinations of extinguishing media, conflict detection is performed on the candidate extinguishing media based on the media incompatible combination table. If two or more extinguishing media are marked as incompatible combinations, the group of extinguishing media is prohibited from being included in the traversal range of feasible media combinations.

5. The multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the multi-media synergistic action chain, a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence is established according to the risk node priority in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing medium, including: Based on the media interaction relationship corresponding to each heat propagation node in the multi-media synergistic chain, the positional relationship and diffusion correlation of the heat propagation node in the thermal runaway propagation path are obtained, and the propagation impact level of each heat propagation node is determined. The response setup time, effective duration of action, and attenuation time of each extinguishing medium are obtained. Based on the propagation influence level and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing medium, the release level of the extinguishing medium corresponding to each heat propagation node is divided into release levels. According to the release level classification, the extinguishing media acting on the initial thermal runaway zone, the thermal diffusion zone, and the potential diffusion zone are respectively configured as the pre-suppression layer, the intermediate control layer, and the subsequent blocking layer. A multi-media hierarchical release control sequence is generated based on the media interaction relationship between each release layer, including the release object, release order, and release time interval.

6. The multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-source distributed sensor acquisition nodes include temperature acquisition nodes set on the surface of the battery cells, thermal radiation acquisition nodes set in the gaps between battery clusters, combustible gas concentration acquisition nodes set in the airflow channel of the cabin, and flue gas diffusion acquisition nodes set in the exhaust channel.

7. The multi-media joint fire extinguishing and control method for dynamic fire analysis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After mapping the fire perception data to the energy storage space correlation, fire early warning analysis based on the battery compartment of the energy storage power station is performed, and an early warning signal is reported.

8. A multi-media combined fire extinguishing control system for dynamic fire analysis, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the multi-media joint fire extinguishing control method based on dynamic fire analysis as described in any one of claims 1-7, and the system comprises: The data acquisition module is used to acquire battery cluster layout information, cell connection data and fire perception data in the battery compartment of the energy storage power station. The fire perception data includes cell temperature change data, thermal radiation distribution data, combustible gas concentration data and flue gas diffusion data. The fire perception data is constructed by collecting data from multi-source distributed sensor acquisition nodes. The location result establishment module is used to construct the energy storage space association relationship based on the battery cluster layout information and cell connection data, map the fire perception data to the energy storage space association relationship, locate the initial risk unit, heat transfer unit and potential diffusion unit of thermal anomaly, and establish the location result; The fire evolution path sequence generation module is used to perform path analysis of the thermal anomaly propagation process based on the location results, and to generate a fire evolution path sequence. The action chain construction module is used to perform matching analysis based on the fire evolution path sequence and the cooling effect area, combustion inhibition area and isolation effect area corresponding to different fire extinguishing media, and to construct a multi-media synergistic action chain. The control sequence establishment module is used to establish a multi-media hierarchical release control sequence based on the risk node priority in the thermal runaway propagation path and the action time characteristics of the extinguishing medium, according to the multi-media synergistic action chain.

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