A continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of extraction of azadirachtin, and discloses a continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract, wherein a stirring assembly, a mixing box and an extraction liquid channel are arranged in an extraction tank, the bottom end of the extraction liquid channel extends into the mixing box, the stirring assembly comprises a pushing rod, a mixing assembly is arranged in the mixing box, the extraction liquid enters a flow-out cavity through the extraction liquid channel, the mixing assembly is intermittently driven by the pushing rod to send the extraction liquid into the flow-out cavity when the stirring assembly works, and the extraction liquid enters the extraction tank through a liquid spraying pipe, the extraction liquid is sprayed from top to bottom through the top spraying head, the mixing assembly in the mixing box is used, the extraction liquid is intermittently sprayed into the material liquid from the bottom of the extraction tank, an up-down bidirectional feeding mode is formed, the extraction liquid sprayed from the bottom can directly and fully contact the original liquid at the tank bottom, the two-phase contact area of the extraction liquid and the azadirachtin material liquid is effectively expanded, the mass transfer effect is strengthened, the extraction time is shortened, and the azadirachtin extraction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of azadirachtin extraction technology, specifically to a continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract. Background Technology

[0002] Azadirachtin is a highly effective, low-toxicity, and pollution-free plant-derived biological pesticide active ingredient extracted from neem plants. It has broad-spectrum insecticidal, antibacterial, and plant growth-regulating effects. Compared with chemical pesticides, it has advantages such as good environmental compatibility, low susceptibility to resistance, and no pesticide residues. It is widely used in green agriculture and ecological plant protection. Currently, in industrial production, azadirachtin extract is mostly extracted using solvent extraction, tank-type countercurrent extraction, and other processes.

[0003] The existing azadirachtin continuous countercurrent extraction equipment has a relatively simple structure. The extraction operation mostly adopts a single top spray method to add the extractant. The extractant can only come into contact with the feed liquid from the top of the extraction tank. The feed liquid at the bottom of the tank has poor fluidity and lag in mass transfer. It is very easy to have uneven concentration of feed liquid between the upper and lower layers of the tank. The effective contact area between the extractant and the original liquid is limited, the mass transfer resistance is large, the overall extraction rate is low, and the extraction time is long, which seriously restricts the production efficiency of azadirachtin extraction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] Technical solution The present invention provides the following technical solution: a continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract, comprising an extraction tank, a stirring assembly, a mixing chamber disposed on the inner wall of the extraction tank, and an extraction liquid channel disposed on the inner wall of the extraction tank. The bottom end of the extraction liquid channel extends into the mixing chamber and communicates with the outflow chamber in the mixing chamber. The stirring assembly includes a push rod, and a mixing assembly is disposed in the mixing chamber. The extract enters the outflow chamber through the extraction liquid channel. When the stirring assembly is working, the push rod intermittently drives the mixing assembly to send the extract into the outflow chamber and into the extraction tank through a spray pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the mixing box is further provided with a fixed rod and an elastic element, and a first sliding block is provided on the fixed rod, the first sliding block being in sliding contact with the end of the push rod.

[0007] Preferably, the hybrid component includes a first pushing column and an auxiliary column, both of which are in sliding contact with a first sliding block, and the contact points are located on the same side of the first sliding block.

[0008] Preferably, a partition is provided at one end of the first push column in the outflow cavity, the cross-section of the partition is the same as the cross-section of the outflow cavity, and a storage cavity is provided in the first push column, the storage cavity being connected to the extract channel.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed rod has a stepped shape, and the radius of the end of the fixed rod near the first push column is larger than the radius of the end near the auxiliary column.

[0010] Preferably, the spray pipe is equipped with a one-way valve, so that the liquid in the extraction tank cannot flow back to the outflow chamber through the one-way valve.

[0011] Preferably, the extraction tank is further provided with a motor and a fixing plate, and the motor is provided with a first rotating column, which is fixedly connected to the push rod.

[0012] Preferably, the fixed plate is provided with a second rotating column, a limiting component and a gear ring. The second rotating column is provided with a gear and a stirring blade. The stirring blade extends into the extract and is located above the push rod. The gear ring is meshed with the gear and is provided with a limiting block.

[0013] Preferably, the first rotating column is provided with a second sliding block and a limiting rod, the second sliding block is located outside the limiting rod, and the limiting rod restricts the second sliding block to move up and down and always keep it in the same straight plane; The second sliding block is provided with a second pushing post, which is in active contact with the limiting block.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting component includes an upper limiting plate and a lower limiting plate, both of which are provided with a parallel portion, an upward portion and a downward portion, and the second pushing column moves within the limiting component.

[0015] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, by setting a top spray head to spray the extractant from top to bottom, and by using the mixing component in the mixing tank, the extractant is intermittently sprayed into the feed liquid from the bottom of the extraction tank, forming a bidirectional feeding mode. The extractant sprayed from the bottom can directly and fully contact the original liquid at the bottom of the tank, effectively expanding the contact area between the extractant and the azadirachtin feed liquid, enhancing the mass transfer effect, shortening the extraction time, and improving the extraction efficiency of azadirachtin.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the first rotating column is driven by a motor to drive the push rod and the second sliding block to rotate. Through the cooperation of the limiting component, gear ring and gear transmission, the stirring blade is driven to stir the liquid in the tank intermittently, which can avoid the material liquid from generating a large amount of bubbles and foam. At the same time, it promotes the continuous dynamic mixing of the fluid in the tank. The extraction liquid added from the upper and lower sides further improves the mixing uniformity, which is suitable for the continuous countercurrent extraction of azadirachtin.

[0017] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and illustrative only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0018] This application provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a full disclosure of the entire scope or all features of the disclosed technology. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a first-view view of the interior of the extraction vessel of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view view of the interior of the extraction vessel of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod, fixing box, and spray pipe of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the connection between the extractant channel and the fixed box in this invention; Figure 5 This is a top sectional view of the fixing box of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a working diagram showing the connection between the first push column and the spray pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the two fixing plates of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the second pushing column of the present invention working in the limiting assembly; Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the operation of the second pushing column of the present invention driving the gear ring through the limiting block.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: In the diagram: 1. Extraction tank; 2. Motor; 3. Extraction liquid channel; 4. First rotating column; 5. Second rotating column; 6. Stirring blade; 7. Push rod; 8. Mixing box; 9. Fixing plate; 10. Limiting assembly; 11. Gear ring; 12. Spray pipe; 13. Fixing rod; 14. First sliding block; 15. First pushing column; 16. Auxiliary column; 17. Elastic element; 18. Outflow chamber; 19. Partition; 20. Storage chamber; 21. Upper limit plate; 22. Lower limit plate; 23. Gear; 24. Second sliding block; 25. Second pushing column; 26. Limiting block; 27. Limiting rod; 28. Parallel part; 29. ​​Upward part; 30. Downward part. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example: Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution: a continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract, comprising an extraction tank 1, a stirring assembly in the extraction tank 1, a mixing chamber 8 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the extraction tank 1 near the outlet, an extraction liquid channel 3 installed in the inner wall of the extraction tank 1, the top opening of the extraction liquid channel 3 being located above the extraction tank 1 for easy extraction of the extraction liquid, the bottom end of the extraction liquid channel 3 extending into the mixing chamber 8, and the extraction liquid entering the outlet chamber 18 through the mixing chamber 8, the stirring assembly including a push rod 7, a mixing assembly in the mixing chamber 8, the extraction liquid entering the outlet chamber 18 through the extraction liquid channel 3, and when the stirring assembly is working, the push rod 7 intermittently drives the mixing assembly to send the extraction liquid into the outlet chamber 18, and then into the extraction tank 1 through a spray pipe 12.

[0024] When the push rod 7 rotates, it can intermittently drive the mixing component in the mixing tank 8 to work. With the help of the push rod 7, the mixing component will also intermittently allow the extract to enter the mixing tank 8 through the extract channel 3 and be intermittently sprayed into the extraction tank 1 through the spray pipe 12, thereby contacting the liquid at the bottom of the extraction tank 1, increasing the mixing area between the extract and the liquid in the extraction tank 1. Through dynamic stirring and mixing, the solution at the bottom of the tank flows better after mixing, achieving the mixing effect between the extract and the liquid.

[0025] In this embodiment, the mixing tank 8 is fixedly equipped with a fixing rod 13 and an elastic element 17. However, the other end of the elastic element 17 is fixedly installed on the outer protrusion of the first pushing column 15. When the first pushing column 15 is squeezed, the first pushing column 15 will squeeze the elastic element 17. When the squeeze on the first pushing column 15 disappears, the first pushing column 15 will return to its original position under the action of the elastic element 17. A first sliding block 14 is slidably installed on the fixing rod 13, and a limiting strip is fixedly installed. The limiting strip slides in contact with the first sliding block 14, and the limiting strip is close to the side of the auxiliary column 16. The first sliding block 14 slides in contact with the pushing rod 7 close to the inner wall of the extraction tank 1. The adjacent ends of the pushing rod 7 and the first sliding block 14 are both rounded to facilitate contact between the pushing rod 7 and the first sliding block 14. Moreover, the rotation radius of the pushing rod 7 is equal to the inner radius of the mixing tank 8. In the initial position, the end of the first sliding block 14 close to the first rotating column 4 will extend out of the mixing tank 8, which facilitates contact between the pushing rod 7 and the first sliding block 14.

[0026] The elastic element 17 is either a return spring or an air bladder. When the elastic element 17 is squeezed, it is compressed. When the elastic element 17 is released from compression, it can return to its original shape.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hybrid component includes a first push column 15 and an auxiliary column 16. The first push column 15 and the auxiliary column 16 are symmetrically distributed in the mixing box 8. An elastic element 17 is also installed on the outer side of the auxiliary column 16. The first push column 15 and the auxiliary column 16 are both in sliding contact with the first sliding block 14, and the contact points are all located on the same side of the first sliding block 14. In this way, when the first sliding block 14 slides on the fixed rod 13, the first push column 15 and the auxiliary column 16 will move and move in the same direction. When the first sliding block 14 loses contact with the push rod 7, the auxiliary column 16 can help the first sliding block 14 return to its original position.

[0028] In this embodiment, a partition 19 is fixedly installed at one end of the first push column 15 in the outflow cavity 18. The partition 19 can prevent the extract in the storage cavity 20 from flowing into the spray pipe 12 in the outflow cavity 18. The partition 19 plays the role of intermittently discharging the extract. The cross-section of the partition 19 is the same as the cross-section of the outflow cavity 18. A storage cavity 20 is opened in the first push column 15, and the storage cavity 20 is connected to the extract channel 3.

[0029] When the first push column 15 is in the initial position, the extractant enters the storage chamber 20 in the first push column 15 through the extractant channel 3. When the first push column 15 moves, the extractant channel 3 will be unable to enter the storage chamber 20, and the partition 19 will move in the outflow chamber 18, allowing the extractant in the storage chamber 20 to enter the outflow chamber 18. When the partition 19 cannot move, the spray pipe 12 is connected to the storage chamber 20, and the extractant in the storage chamber 20 will enter the bottom of the extraction tank 1 through the spray pipe 12, increasing the contact area between the extractant and the liquid, accelerating the extraction process, and speeding up the extraction time.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fixed rod 13 is stepped in shape. From the auxiliary column 16 side to the first push column 15 side, the radius of the fixed rod 13 will gradually increase. That is, the radius of the fixed rod 13 near the first push column 15 is greater than the radius of the end near the auxiliary column 16. When the push rod 7 rotates with the first rotating column 4, the push rod 7 contacts the first sliding block 14 and drives the first sliding block 14 to slide on the fixed rod 13. As the push rod 7 continues to rotate, the contact area between the push rod 7 and the first sliding block 14 will gradually decrease until the push rod 7 and the first sliding block 14 are completely separated. At this time, the first sliding block 14 will return to its original position under the action of the elastic element 17 and through the cooperation of the first push column 15.

[0031] In this embodiment, a one-way valve is provided in the spray pipe 12. The liquid in the extraction tank 1 cannot flow back to the outlet chamber 18 through the one-way valve, thus preventing the liquid in the extraction tank 1 from flowing back to the outlet chamber 18 through the spray pipe 12. This ensures that the extract can enter the extraction tank 1 through the outlet chamber 18 and the spray pipe 12 and come into contact with the liquid.

[0032] In this embodiment, a motor 2 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top of the extraction tank 1. A fixing plate 9 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the extraction tank 1. The fixing plate 9 is installed above the liquid input channel of the extraction tank 1. At the same time, a spray head is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing plate 9. The input pipe of the spray head is also connected to the extraction liquid channel 3. In this way, the extraction liquid in the extraction tank 1 can not only be sprayed through the spray head, but also come into contact with the liquid through the spray pipe 12 in the tank. The output shaft of the motor 2 passes through the inner wall of the top of the extraction tank 1 and a first rotating column 4 is fixedly installed. The first rotating column 4 is fixedly connected to the push rod 7. A stabilizing part is movably connected to the bottom of the first rotating column 4. The stabilizing part can be above or below the push rod 7, as long as it does not affect the rotation of the push rod 7.

[0033] In this embodiment, a second rotating column 5 is movably mounted through a fixed plate 9. A limit assembly 10 is fixedly mounted above the fixed plate 9, and a gear ring 11 is movably mounted thereon. A gear 23 and a stirring blade 6 are fixedly mounted on the second rotating column 5. The gear 23 is located above the fixed plate 9, while the stirring blade 6 extends into the extractant and is located above the push rod 7. The gear ring 11 is meshed with the gear 23. When the gear ring 11 rotates, it can drive the second rotating column 5 to rotate through the gear 23. When the second rotating column 5 rotates, it will drive the stirring blade 6 to rotate. When the stirring blade 6 rotates, it can accelerate the mixing of the liquid in the extraction tank 1 with the extractant. Limit blocks 26 are fixedly mounted on the gear ring 11 at equal intervals.

[0034] In this embodiment, a second sliding block 24 is movably installed on the first rotating column 4, and a limiting rod 27 is fixedly installed. The second sliding block 24 is located outside the limiting rod 27. The limiting rod 27 restricts the second sliding block 24 from moving up and down and keeps it in the same straight plane. When the second sliding block 24 moves up and down, it will be restricted by the limiting rod 27 to ensure that the second sliding block 24 always moves up and down in the same plane and will not deviate to one side.

[0035] A second pushing column 25 is fixedly installed on the side of the second sliding block 24. The second pushing column 25 is in movable contact with the limiting block 26. When the second pushing column 25 is located in the parallel part 28, the second pushing column 25 contacts the limiting block 26 and drives the gear ring 11 to rotate through the limiting block 26. When the second pushing column 25 enters the upward part 29, the second pushing column 25 will gradually separate from the limiting block 26, and the gear ring 11 will stop rotating until the second pushing column 25 can contact the limiting block 26 again and drive the gear ring 11 to rotate again.

[0036] In this embodiment, the limiting component 10 includes an upper limiting plate 21 and a lower limiting plate 22. Both the upper limiting plate 21 and the lower limiting plate 22 are provided with a parallel part 28, an upward part 29 and a downward part 30. The second pushing column 25 moves in the limiting component 10. The upper limiting plate 21 and the lower limiting plate 22 are distributed vertically. The second pushing column 25 moves in the space between the upper limiting plate 21 and the lower limiting plate 22, that is, it reciprocates in the parallel part 28, the upward part 29 and the downward part 30.

[0037] Motor 2 rotates slowly, with a suitable speed of 30-60 r / min.

[0038] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During use, the azadirachtin extract enters the extraction tank 1 through the liquid input channel. The extract enters the spray head through the extract channel 3, spraying the liquid above the extraction tank 1. Another part of the extract from the extract channel 3 also enters the storage chamber 20 in the mixing tank 8. The operation of the motor 2 drives the first rotating column 4 to rotate. When the first rotating column 4 rotates, it drives the push rod 7 to rotate. When the push rod 7 rotates, it contacts the first sliding block 14 and drives the first sliding block 14 to slide on the fixed rod 13. Thus, when the first sliding block 14 slides, it drives the first push column 15 to move towards the outflow chamber 18. At the same time, the second push column 16 also moves with the first sliding block 15. When the moving block 14 moves together, it will squeeze the elastic element 17. When the first pushing column 15 moves, it will drive the partition block 19 to move in the outflow chamber 18. During the movement, the extract channel 3 separates from the storage chamber 20, and the extract in the storage chamber 20 will enter the outflow chamber 18 along with the first pushing column 15. When the partition block 19 can no longer move, the extract in the storage chamber 20 will enter the spray pipe 12 and enter the liquid through the spray pipe 12. This part of the extract enters from near the bottom of the liquid in the tank. When the pushing rod 7 separates from the first sliding block 14, the first sliding block 14 returns to its original position under the action of the elastic element 17, and the extract in the extract channel 3 re-enters the storage chamber 20.

[0039] The liquid is extracted by spraying extractant from the top of the liquid, while extractant is also sprayed from the bottom of the liquid, which increases the contact area between the extractant and the liquid and speeds up the liquid extraction rate.

[0040] Furthermore, when the first rotating column 4 rotates, it will also drive the second sliding block 24 to rotate via the limiting rod 27. When the second sliding block 24 rotates, it will drive the second pushing column 25 to move within the limiting assembly 10. When the second pushing column 25 is about to move within the parallel part 28, it will contact the limiting block 26 on the gear ring 11. When it moves within the parallel part 28, it will drive the gear ring 11 to rotate via the limiting block 26. When the gear ring 11 rotates, it will drive the second rotating column 5 to rotate via the gear 23. The stirring blade 6 will slowly agitate the liquid in the extraction tank 1, causing the liquid in the extraction tank 1 to mix, further accelerating the mixing between the extract and the liquid, and speeding up the countercurrent extraction of azadirachtin extract. When the second push column 25 disengages from the parallel part 28, the second push column 25 will separate from the limiting block 26, and the gear ring 11 will no longer rotate. As the second push column 25 moves back and forth in the limiting component 10, the stirring blade 6 will intermittently agitate the liquid in the extraction tank 1, avoiding continuous agitation by the stirring blade 6 and preventing the formation of bubbles and foam in the liquid in the tank.

[0041] The stirring blade 6 intermittently agitates the liquid in the extraction tank 1, and the extract will also intermittently spray out from the liquid near the bottom of the tank, promoting the mixing of the liquid inside the extraction tank and achieving a better mixing effect.

[0042] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract, characterized in that: The system includes an extraction tank (1), which is equipped with a stirring assembly, a mixing chamber (8) on the inner wall of the extraction tank (1), and an extraction liquid channel (3) on the inner wall of the extraction tank (1). The bottom end of the extraction liquid channel (3) extends into the mixing chamber (8) and communicates with the outflow chamber (18) in the mixing chamber (8). The stirring assembly includes a push rod (7), and the mixing chamber (8) is equipped with a mixing assembly. The extract enters the outflow chamber (18) through the extraction liquid channel (3). When the stirring assembly is working, the push rod (7) intermittently drives the mixing assembly to send the extract into the outflow chamber (18) and into the extraction tank (1) through the spray pipe (12).

2. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing box (8) is also provided with a fixed rod (13) and an elastic element (17). A first sliding block (14) is provided on the fixed rod (13), and the first sliding block (14) slides in contact with the end of the push rod (7).

3. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hybrid component includes a first push column (15) and an auxiliary column (16), both of which are in sliding contact with the first sliding block (14), and the contact points are located on the same side of the first sliding block (14).

4. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first push column (15) is provided with a partition (19) at one end of the outflow cavity (18). The cross-section of the partition (19) is the same as that of the outflow cavity (18). A storage cavity (20) is provided in the first push column (15). The storage cavity (20) is connected to the extraction liquid channel (3).

5. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed rod (13) is stepped in shape, and the radius of the end of the fixed rod (13) near the first push column (15) is greater than the radius of the end near the auxiliary column (16).

6. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided in the spray pipe (12), so that the liquid in the extraction tank (1) cannot flow back to the outlet chamber (18) through the one-way valve.

7. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction tank (1) is also equipped with a motor (2) and a fixing plate (9). The motor (2) is equipped with a first rotating column (4), which is fixedly connected to the push rod (7).

8. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed plate (9) is provided with a second rotating column (5), a limiting component (10) and a gear ring (11). The second rotating column (5) is provided with a gear (23) and a stirring blade (6). The stirring blade (6) extends into the extract and is located above the push rod (7). The gear ring (11) meshes with the gear (23). A limiting block (26) is provided on the gear ring (11).

9. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first rotating column (4) is provided with a second sliding block (24) and a limiting rod (27). The second sliding block (24) is located outside the limiting rod (27). The limiting rod (27) restricts the second sliding block (24) from moving up and down and always keeps it in the same straight plane. The second sliding block (24) is provided with a second pushing column (25), which is in contact with the limiting block (26).

10. The continuous countercurrent extraction system for azadirachtin extract according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiting component (10) includes an upper limiting plate (21) and a lower limiting plate (22). Both the upper limiting plate (21) and the lower limiting plate (22) are provided with a parallel part (28), an upward part (29) and a downward part (30). The second pushing column (25) moves in the limiting component (10).

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