A special atmospheric pollution treatment system for environmental protection

Abstract

The application discloses an environment-friendly special atmospheric pollution treatment system, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric pollution treatment. The system comprises, in sequence along the airflow direction, a triboelectric conduction array module, a pneumatic self-adaptive variable cross-section volute module, a centrifugal separation cylinder, a flow-induced vibration hydrophobic self-cleaning inner wall structure and an exhaust core pipe airflow disperser module. Dust-containing airflow is passively triboelectrically conduced by the conduction array, agglomerates and grows, and then enters the centrifugal separation cylinder. The volute automatically adjusts the inlet through-flow cross-sectional area according to the airflow dynamic pressure to maintain the tangential velocity. The inner wall of the cylinder realizes self-cleaning by means of flow-induced vibration. The exhaust core pipe makes the airflow uniformly connect the downstream desulfurization and denitrification reaction field through the cyclone guide vane. The system does not need an external power supply and an electric actuator, can improve the ultrafine particulate matter capture efficiency, broaden the load adaptation range and prevent the inner wall from being scaled and blocked, and is suitable for the pretreatment of industrial flue gas and high-humidity and high-viscosity flue gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air pollution control technology, specifically to an environmentally friendly air pollution treatment system based on the principle of centrifugal separation and comprehensively employing purely mechanical and purely fluid dynamic methods such as passive triboelectric pre-charging, aerodynamic adaptive variable cross-section adjustment, and flow-induced vibration self-cleaning. This system achieves efficient capture of fine particulate matter in industrial flue gas, stable separation over a wide load range, and adaptive anti-clogging and self-cleaning. It is suitable for front-end pretreatment scenarios in high-humidity and high-viscosity conditions such as industrial flue gas dust removal, waste incineration exhaust gas treatment, wet desulfurization tail gas, and sludge drying exhaust gas. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of air pollution control, especially in applications such as industrial flue gas dust removal and waste incineration gas treatment, separation equipment based on the principles of centrifugal force or inertial force is widely used as front-end pretreatment equipment due to its simple structure, high temperature resistance, lack of moving parts, and low maintenance costs. A typical example is the cyclone separator. Its basic working principle is as follows: the dust-laden airflow enters the cylindrical or conical shell tangentially, forming a rotating airflow. Under the action of centrifugal force, particles are thrown against the shell wall, slide down the wall surface, and are discharged through the ash discharge port. The purified gas is discharged through the central exhaust core pipe. The centrifugal force on the particles is related to their mass, radius of rotation, and tangential velocity. The basic physical relationship can be expressed as: ,in, This represents the centrifugal force acting on a particle, measured in Newtons. This indicates the mass of the particles, expressed in kilograms. This indicates the tangential velocity of a particle rotating with the airflow, measured in meters per second. The radius of rotation of the particle is expressed in meters. According to this formula, the smaller the particle mass, that is, the smaller the particle size, the weaker the centrifugal force it experiences, and the greater the difficulty of separation.

[0003] The closest prior art to this invention is the conventional cyclone separator device, whose structure and the connection relationship of each part are as follows: the device mainly consists of an upper cylindrical section, a lower conical section, a tangential air inlet, an exhaust core pipe located at the top center of the cylinder, and an ash discharge port located at the bottom of the conical section. After the dust-laden gas enters the cylinder through the tangential air inlet, it forms an external vortex. The particles are thrown towards the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force and spiral down along the wall surface, and finally discharged through the ash discharge port. The purified gas forms an internal vortex in the center of the cylinder and rises, and is discharged through the exhaust core pipe and enters the subsequent processing unit. The inlet cross-sectional area and air inlet angle of this structure are fixed values. The inner wall is usually a fixed structure of smooth metal or wear-resistant lining. The exhaust core pipe is generally a simple straight cylinder and does not have airflow control function.

[0004] The conventional cyclone separators mentioned above generally suffer from the following technical defects in practical industrial applications: First, they have low separation efficiency for ultrafine particles with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers, and fine particles are prone to escape with the purified airflow. Second, under fluctuating production loads, especially low-load conditions, the decrease in airflow velocity leads to a weakening of the centrifugal force field, resulting in a significant decrease in separation efficiency and poor adaptability to operating conditions. Third, when treating high-humidity and high-viscosity flue gas such as wet desulfurization tail gas and sludge drying waste gas, dust-laden droplets easily adhere to the fixed smooth inner wall of the separator, forming scale, which can lead to equipment blockage or even failure. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an air pollution treatment system that can improve fine particle capture efficiency, broaden the load adaptability range, and achieve self-cleaning and anti-clogging without relying on external power supply and electric actuators. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing air pollution treatment equipment based on the principle of centrifugal force has technical bottlenecks such as low separation efficiency of fine particulate matter, poor adaptability to working conditions, and easy scaling and clogging of the inner wall under high humidity and high viscosity conditions. This invention aims to provide an environmentally friendly air pollution treatment system that does not require an external high-voltage power supply or an electric actuator, and can achieve efficient fine particulate matter capture, stable separation over a wide load range, and adaptive anti-clogging and self-cleaning by relying solely on the energy of the airflow itself.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an environmental protection-specific air pollution treatment system, comprising a triboelectric flow-guiding array module, an aerodynamic adaptive variable cross-section volute module, a centrifugal separation cylinder, a flow-induced vibration hydrophobic self-cleaning inner wall structure, and an exhaust core pipe airflow disperser module connected in sequence along the flow direction of the dust-laden airflow.

[0007] The triboelectric flow-guiding array module is installed in the air inlet channel of the centrifugal separator. It includes a first guide vane and a second guide vane arranged alternately along the airflow direction. The surfaces of the two guide vanes are coated with dielectric materials with different electron affinities. Microchannels with alternating contraction and expansion are formed between adjacent vanes. After the dust-laden airflow passes through the microchannel, micro-scale eddies are induced downstream. When the dust-laden airflow passes through the flow-guiding array at high speed, the dust particles collide and rub against the surface of the vanes at high frequency. According to the triboelectric sequence principle, the two types of materials have different binding abilities for electrons. After contact, charge transfer occurs, so that the particles that collide with the vanes with different coatings carry positive and negative charges respectively. After the fine particles with opposite charges enter the downstream micro-eddy current region, they approach each other, collide and agglomerate into particle clusters with an increased equivalent diameter under the combined action of electrostatic Coulomb attraction and turbulent disturbance. This increases the equivalent mass of fine particles that were originally difficult to be captured by centrifugal force due to their small mass before entering the centrifugal separation zone, thereby increasing the centrifugal force they experience in the subsequent centrifugal separator.

[0008] The pneumatic adaptive variable cross-section volute module is disposed between the triboelectric flow-guiding array module and the centrifugal separator cylinder. It includes a volute housing, multiple guide vanes arranged circumferentially and capable of rotating around a fixed axis, and a pre-compression spring connected to the back of the guide vanes and fixed to the volute housing. The guide vanes rotate under the dynamic balance of airflow pressure and spring restoring force. When the incoming flow pressure decreases, the guide vanes contract and the inlet flow cross-sectional area decreases, compensating for the increase in airflow tangential velocity according to the mass conservation relationship. When the incoming flow pressure increases, the guide vanes open and the inlet flow cross-sectional area increases, thereby enabling the separator to maintain a better separation efficiency across the entire load range, without the need for an electric actuator or electronic feedback control system.

[0009] The inner wall surface of the centrifugal separator is provided with a micro-nano composite hydrophobic structure layer. Three to ten sets of cantilevered elastic springs are installed axially on the back side of the inner wall. When the rotating airflow passes through the free end of the spring, periodic vortex shedding is generated. When the vortex shedding frequency is close to the natural frequency of the spring and the resonance locking condition is met, the spring undergoes flow-induced resonance and transmits high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration to the inner wall of the separator. This works in synergy with the superhydrophobic properties to destroy the liquid bridge force and van der Waals force between dust particles and droplets and the wall surface, causing them to fall off automatically. This achieves continuous self-cleaning of the separator's inner wall and avoids scaling and clogging under high humidity and high viscosity conditions.

[0010] The exhaust core pipe airflow disperser module has a swirling guide vane added circumferentially to the outer wall of the central exhaust core pipe. The tilt angle of the guide vane is consistent with the residual swirl direction of the swirling airflow inside the cylinder. This re-rectifies and disperses the residual swirl kinetic energy of the airflow after centrifugal separation, so that the airflow forms a relatively uniform velocity and temperature field distribution before entering the downstream desulfurization and denitrification reaction field, thus achieving uniform connection between the centrifugal separation module and the downstream pollutant co-treatment module.

[0011] The beneficial technical effects achieved by this invention are:

[0012] 1. This invention utilizes the coupling effect of passive triboelectric charging and micro-eddy current coagulation to pre-agglomerate fine particles and increase their equivalent mass without the need for an external high-voltage power supply. This improves the centrifugal separation cylinder's collection efficiency for ultrafine particles and reduces the possibility of fine particles escaping.

[0013] 2. This invention achieves adaptive adjustment of the inlet flow cross-sectional area of ​​the volute casing with load fluctuations through a mechanical variable cross-section guide vane structure driven by pneumatic pressure and balanced by spring restoring force. This keeps the centrifugal separation efficiency relatively stable over a wide load range, and eliminates the need for electric actuators and electronic control systems throughout the process, thus reducing system energy consumption and failure risk.

[0014] 3. This invention achieves automatic detachment and self-cleaning of dust and droplets on the inner wall of the cylinder through the synergistic effect of micro-nano superhydrophobic structure and flow-induced resonance of cantilever elastic spring, thereby extending the continuous operation cycle of the equipment and reducing the cost of manual cleaning and maintenance.

[0015] 4. This invention eliminates the additional resistance loss caused by sudden expansion and contraction of airflow when multiple devices are cascaded in the traditional way by using the swirl guide vane structure on the outer wall of the exhaust core pipe. It achieves uniform and seamless connection of airflow field and temperature field with the downstream desulfurization and denitrification reaction field. All of the above improvements are achieved by passive, purely mechanical or purely fluid dynamic means, and have the comprehensive technical effects of low energy consumption, low resistance and high reliability.

[0016] 5. The four modules of this invention form a closed-loop synergistic effect: the equivalent diameter of particles increased by triboelectric agglomeration improves the centrifugal force capture base. The stable performance of this base depends on the dynamic compensation of the tangential velocity by the aerodynamic adaptive variable cross-section volute. The stability of the tangential velocity is a prerequisite for the cantilever elastic spring vortex shedding frequency to meet the resonance locking condition and achieve continuous self-cleaning. The three support each other, which is different from the simple superposition of individual technical means, and produces a wide-load range high-efficiency capture and self-cleaning synergistic effect that cannot be achieved by a single module. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall system architecture of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the pneumatic adaptive variable cross-section volute adjustment process of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the flow-induced vibration hydrophobic self-cleaning process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] System Overall Architecture

[0022] The environmental protection-specific air pollution treatment system of this invention is mainly composed of five parts connected sequentially along the flow direction of the dust-laden airflow: a triboelectric flow-guiding array module, a pneumatic adaptive variable cross-section volute module, a centrifugal separation cylinder, a flow-induced vibration hydrophobic self-cleaning inner wall structure, and an exhaust core pipe airflow disperser module. The dust-laden airflow passes through the above modules sequentially along the inlet airflow channel, and the purified gas enters the downstream desulfurization and denitrification reaction field through the exhaust core pipe. The dust is discharged through the ash discharge port. The connection relationship between the above modules is as follows: the triboelectric flow-guiding array module is set in the inlet airflow channel of the centrifugal separation cylinder; the pneumatic adaptive variable cross-section volute module is connected between the triboelectric flow-guiding array module and the inlet of the centrifugal separation cylinder; the flow-induced vibration hydrophobic self-cleaning inner wall structure is set on the inner wall and back side of the centrifugal separation cylinder; and the exhaust core pipe airflow disperser module is set at the central axis position of the centrifugal separation cylinder.

[0023] Passive triboelectric pre-charged and micro-eddy coagulation coupling structure

[0024] Inside the tangential airflow channel of the centrifugal separator, several sets of guide vanes made of materials with different electron affinity are alternately arranged along the airflow direction. In one specific embodiment, the surface of the first guide vane is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene, which has a strong electron affinity and tends to become negatively charged after friction. The surface of the second guide vane is coated with nylon, which has a weak electron affinity and tends to become positively charged after friction. The two types of vanes are arranged in an alternating array along the airflow direction, and microchannels with alternating contraction and expansion are formed between adjacent vanes to induce microscale vortices downstream of the vanes.

[0025] When the dust-laden airflow passes through the guide array at a speed of 15 to 25 meters per second, the dust particles undergo high-frequency collisions and friction with the blade surface. According to the triboelectric sequence principle, the two types of materials have different binding abilities for electrons, and charge transfer occurs after contact, causing the particles impacting the blades with different coatings to carry positive and negative charges respectively. After the oppositely charged fine particles enter the downstream micro-vortex region, they move closer together under the action of electrostatic Coulomb attraction. Their mutual attraction can be expressed as:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, The electrostatic attraction between two particles is expressed in Newtons (N). Represents the Coulomb constant. , These represent the amount of charge carried by the two particles, in coulombs. This represents the distance between two particles, measured in meters. Under the influence of strong turbulent disturbances in the micro-vortex region, oppositely charged particles collide and continuously aggregate and grow through intermolecular forces. Assuming there is... The initial particle size is The spherical fine particles agglomerate into single equivalent spherical large particles. Based on the approximate relationship of volume conservation, the diameter of the equivalent particle after agglomeration is:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, This represents the equivalent diameter of the aggregated particles, expressed in micrometers. This indicates the diameter of an individual fine particle before aggregation, expressed in micrometers. The number of particles involved in agglomeration is indicated. Combined with the aforementioned centrifugal force relationship, it can be seen that the particle mass increases with the cube of the diameter. After agglomeration, the particle mass increases significantly, thereby greatly increasing the centrifugal force it experiences in the subsequent centrifugal separation cylinder. This breaks through the technical bottleneck that made it difficult to be captured by centrifugal force due to its small mass. The structure passively generates electricity by utilizing the collision and friction kinetic energy brought about by the high-speed flow of the airflow itself, without the need for an external high-voltage power supply, thus reducing explosion-proof risks and operating energy consumption.

[0030] As an alternative implementation, the dielectric material coatings of the first guide vane and the second guide vane can also be polyimide coating and melamine resin coating, respectively. The two materials have significant differences in electron affinity in the triboelectric sequence and have wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant properties, which can achieve a passive electrification and agglomeration effect similar to the aforementioned implementation.

[0031] Aerodynamic adaptive variable cross section acceleration volute

[0032] A volute-shaped acceleration channel is set downstream of the flow guide array and before the centrifugal separator inlet. Several mechanical variable cross-section guide vanes that can rotate around a fixed axis are arranged circumferentially inside the channel. A set of pre-compression springs is connected to the back side of each guide vane, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the volute shell.

[0033] Its working principle is as follows: When the flue gas flow rate decreases, resulting in a decrease in airflow pressure, the aerodynamic thrust acting on the windward surface of the guide vane decreases accordingly. At this time, the restoring force of the pre-compression spring is greater than the aerodynamic thrust, thereby pushing the guide vane to contract and rotate towards the center of the volute, reducing the inlet flow cross-sectional area of ​​the volute. Conversely, when the airflow rate increases and the dynamic pressure rises, the aerodynamic thrust overcomes the spring restoring force, pushing the guide vane to open, increasing the flow cross-sectional area. This dynamic equilibrium relationship can be expressed by the following force balance equation:

[0034] ;

[0035] in, This represents the spring stiffness coefficient, with units of Newtons per meter. This represents the displacement of the guide vane relative to its initial position, in meters. This indicates the density of a gas, expressed in kilograms per cubic meter. This indicates the inlet airflow velocity, measured in meters per second. This indicates the windward area of ​​the guide vanes, in square meters. The guide vane drag coefficient is a dimensionless quantity. The relationship between the guide vane displacement and the inlet flow cross-sectional area of ​​the volute can be expressed as:

[0036] ;

[0037] in, express The flow cross-sectional area of ​​the volute inlet at any given time, in square meters. This represents the initial cross-sectional area when the guide vanes are fully open, in square meters. Indicates the number of guide vanes. This indicates the effective width of a single guide vane in the direction of contraction, expressed in meters. express The guide vane displacement at any given moment, in meters, is inversely proportional to the inlet tangential velocity and the flow cross-sectional area, according to the approximate mass conservation relationship.

[0038] ;

[0039] in, express The tangential velocity of the centrifugal separator after acceleration by the volute casing before entering the centrifugal separation cylinder, measured in meters per second. This represents the reference tangential velocity with the guide vanes fully open, in meters per second. From the above relationship, it can be seen that when the incoming flow rate decreases and the dynamic pressure drops, the cross-sectional area... It automatically decreases, thereby compensating for the increase in tangential velocity. This mechanism maintains the centrifugal force field within the design range, achieving adaptive stability of separation efficiency under full load conditions. It relies entirely on the mechanical spring balance driven by the dynamic pressure of the airflow itself, eliminating the need for electric actuators and electronic sensor feedback systems, thus avoiding the reliability risks of electronic component failure in high-temperature and high-dust environments.

[0040] The adaptive adjustment process can be summarized as follows: After being pre-charged by the guide array, the dust-laden airflow enters the volute inlet and acts on the windward surface of each circumferentially arranged guide vane. According to the real-time magnitude of the incoming flow pressure, the aerodynamic thrust on the guide vane and the restoring force of the back spring are dynamically balanced. If the incoming flow pressure increases, the guide vane opens outward around the rotation axis, and the flow cross-sectional area increases accordingly. If the incoming flow pressure decreases, the guide vane contracts inward around the rotation axis, and the flow cross-sectional area decreases accordingly. The change in the flow cross-sectional area automatically adjusts the tangential velocity of the airflow according to the mass conservation relationship, so as to keep it within the preset centrifugal separation velocity range. The airflow accelerated by the volute enters the downstream centrifugal separation cylinder with a relatively stable tangential velocity, thus completing the adaptive compensation for different load conditions.

[0041] As an alternative implementation method, in addition to the aforementioned spring-guide vane mechanical mechanism, the aerodynamic adaptive variable cross-section structure can also adopt an elastic diaphragm volute throat structure. That is, a pre-tensioned elastic diaphragm is set around the circumference of the volute inlet. The diaphragm undergoes elastic deformation under the action of airflow pressure, thereby changing the flow cross-sectional area. Its mechanical response principle is similar to that of the spring-guide vane mechanism, and it can also achieve passive adaptive adjustment of the flow cross-sectional area under changes in airflow.

[0042] Flow-induced vibration biomimetic hydrophobic inner wall self-cleaning system

[0043] The inner wall surface of the centrifugal separator is treated with a micro-nano composite structure to form a superhydrophobic coating with a static contact angle greater than 150 degrees. Several sets of cantilevered elastic springs are installed axially at intervals on the back side of the inner wall. One end of the spring is fixed to the outer wall of the cylinder, and the other end is a free end close to the back side of the inner wall.

[0044] Its working principle is as follows: The rotating airflow inside the centrifugal separator has strong turbulent pulsation characteristics. When the airflow passes near the free end of the reed, periodic vortex shedding will occur. The frequency of vortex shedding can be expressed by the Strouhal relation:

[0045] ;

[0046] in, This indicates the vortex shedding frequency, measured in Hertz (Hz). The Strauhal number is an empirical constant related to the cross-sectional shape of the reed. This indicates the airflow velocity near the reed, measured in meters per second. The characteristic width of the spring is expressed in meters. The first natural frequency of the cantilever spring can be approximated by Euler-Bernoulli beam theory as follows:

[0047] ;

[0048] in, This represents the first-order natural frequency of the reed, measured in Hertz. This indicates the length of the reed cantilever, in meters. This represents the elastic modulus of the reed material, measured in Pascals. This represents the moment of inertia of the reed's cross-section, expressed in meters to the fourth power. This indicates the density of the reed material, expressed in kilograms per cubic meter. This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the reed, in square meters. By rationally designing the geometric dimensions and material parameters of the reed, the vortex shedding frequency can be adjusted. Approximately the reed's natural frequency within the normal operating speed range of the separator. That is, the following locking conditions are met:

[0049] ;

[0050] At this time, the reed plate undergoes significant flow-induced resonance, generating continuous high-frequency micro-amplitude mechanical vibration, which is transmitted to the inner wall of the cylinder through back-side contact. This causes the inner wall to produce periodic micro-amplitude vibration. This vibration, in conjunction with the superhydrophobic properties of the inner wall itself, can effectively disrupt the liquid bridge force and van der Waals force formed between dust particles and droplets and the wall surface, making it difficult for them to adhere stably. Under the combined action of centrifugal force and vibration inertial force, they automatically detach and slide along the wall surface towards the ash discharge port, thereby achieving continuous self-cleaning of the separator's inner wall and avoiding scaling and clogging under high humidity and high viscosity conditions.

[0051] The self-cleaning process can be summarized as follows: After the dust-laden and humid airflow enters the centrifugal separator, it forms a rotating airflow. Under the action of centrifugal force, the dust and droplets are thrown towards the inner wall of the cylinder. When the rotating airflow flows through the free end of the cantilevered elastic spring, it generates periodic vortex shedding, which excites the spring to vibrate. When the vortex shedding frequency is close to the natural frequency of the spring and the locking condition is met, the spring generates a continuous high-frequency micro-amplitude resonance. The spring vibration is transmitted to the inner wall of the cylinder through the back contact, causing the inner wall to generate periodic micro-amplitude mechanical vibration. The inner wall vibration and the superhydrophobic coating surface work together to destroy the liquid bridge force and van der Waals force between the attached dust and droplets and the wall surface. The dust and droplets that have lost their adhesion slide down the inner wall under the action of centrifugal force and their own gravity and are discharged through the ash discharge port, completing the self-cleaning cycle.

[0052] Three-field coordinated exhaust uniform distribution coupling design

[0053] Based on the original straight cylinder structure, the central exhaust core tube of the centrifugal separation module has an additional set of swirling guide vanes on the outer wall of the core tube along the circumference. The tilt angle of the guide vanes is consistent with the residual swirl direction of the swirling airflow inside the cylinder, so that the exhaust core tube has the dual functions of a clean gas discharge channel and an airflow diffuser.

[0054] Its working principle is as follows: After centrifugal separation, the purified airflow still carries strong residual vortex kinetic energy at the inlet of the exhaust core pipe. If it is discharged directly, it is easy to form uneven distribution of airflow and temperature fields at the inlet of the downstream reaction field, resulting in insufficient local reaction in the downstream desulfurization and denitrification reaction field and increased system resistance loss. This invention uses swirl guide vanes set on the outer wall of the exhaust core pipe to re-rectify and disperse the original residual vortex kinetic energy of the airflow, so that the airflow forms a relatively uniform velocity field and temperature field distribution before entering the downstream reaction field. This reduces the additional resistance loss caused by sudden expansion and contraction of airflow when traditional multi-equipment cascades, and achieves uniform connection of airflow field, temperature field and concentration field between the centrifugal separation module and the downstream desulfurization and denitrification module.

[0055] Overall System Workflow

[0056] Dust-laden airflow enters the system through a tangential inlet at a speed of 15 to 25 meters per second. It first flows through an alternating array of triboelectric guide vanes, where dust particles passively generate charge through collisions and friction with blades of different materials. The charged fine particles then enter a micro-vortex region downstream of the guide array. Under the combined influence of electrostatic attraction and turbulent disturbance, oppositely charged particles agglomerate, forming particle clusters with increased equivalent diameter. After agglomeration, the airflow enters an aerodynamically adaptive variable cross-section volute. The volute automatically adjusts the opening angle of the guide vanes based on real-time airflow pressure, accelerating the airflow to a tangential velocity suitable for the current load conditions. The accelerated airflow then enters the centrifugal separator. The rotating flow field causes the agglomerated particles to be thrown against the cylinder wall and slide down the wall surface under the enhanced centrifugal force. The rotating airflow simultaneously excites the cantilevered elastic springs installed on the back side of the inner wall of the cylinder to generate flow-induced resonance, causing the inner wall to generate continuous high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration. Combined with the superhydrophobic coating, the dust and droplets are automatically removed and self-cleaned. The removed dust is discharged from the system through the ash discharge port of the conical section, and the purified gas is discharged through the central exhaust core pipe. The swirl guide vanes on the outer wall of the exhaust core pipe rectify and disperse the remaining swirl kinetic energy of the airflow, forming an airflow with a uniform velocity and temperature field before being transported to the downstream desulfurization and denitrification reaction field, completing the uniform connection between the equipment.

[0057] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly dedicated air pollution treatment system, characterized in that, It includes a triboelectric flow-guiding array module, a pneumatic adaptive variable cross-section volute module, a centrifugal separation cylinder, a flow-induced vibration hydrophobic self-cleaning inner wall structure, and an exhaust core tube airflow diffuser module connected sequentially along the flow direction of the dust-laden airflow. The triboelectric flow-guiding array module is disposed in the air inlet channel of the centrifugal separation cylinder, including a first flow-guiding blade and a second flow-guiding blade arranged alternately along the airflow direction. The surface of the first flow-guiding blade is covered with a first dielectric material coating, and the surface of the second flow-guiding blade is covered with a second dielectric material coating. The first dielectric material coating and the second dielectric material coating have different electron affinity. Adjacent first flow-guiding blades and second flow-guiding blades form a microchannel with alternating contraction and expansion. When the dust-laden airflow passes through the microchannel, microscale eddies are induced downstream. The pneumatic adaptive variable cross-section volute module is disposed between the triboelectric flow-guiding array module and the centrifugal separation cylinder. It includes a volute housing, 3 to 12 guide vanes arranged circumferentially inside the volute housing and capable of rotating around a fixed axis, and a pre-compression spring with one end connected to the back side of the guide vanes and the other end fixed to the volute housing. The guide vanes rotate under the combined action of the pneumatic flow pressure and the restoring force of the pre-compression spring to adjust the inlet flow cross-sectional area of ​​the volute housing. The inner wall surface of the centrifugal separator is provided with a micro-nano composite hydrophobic structure layer. Three to ten sets of cantilevered elastic springs are installed axially at intervals on the back side of the inner wall of the centrifugal separator. One end of the cantilevered elastic spring is fixed to the outer wall of the centrifugal separator, and the other end is a free end close to the back side of the inner wall. The cantilevered elastic spring generates flow-induced vibration under the excitation of the rotating airflow and transmits the vibration to the inner wall of the centrifugal separator. The exhaust core tube airflow diffuser module includes an exhaust core tube disposed at the center of the centrifugal separator cylinder, and a swirl guide vane added circumferentially to the outer wall of the exhaust core tube. The inclination angle of the swirl guide vane is consistent with the co-swirl direction of the swirling airflow inside the centrifugal separator cylinder.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric material coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating, and the second dielectric material coating is a nylon coating.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the airflow pressure increases, the guide vane overcomes the restoring force of the pre-compression spring and rotates around the fixed axis to open outward from the outside of the volute housing, increasing the inlet flow cross-sectional area. When the airflow pressure decreases, the restoring force of the pre-compression spring is greater than the thrust of the airflow pressure on the guide vane, causing the guide vane to rotate around the fixed axis in the center direction of the volute housing and contract, decreasing the inlet flow cross-sectional area.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the inlet flow cross-sectional area decreases, the tangential velocity of the airflow entering the centrifugal separator increases; when the inlet flow cross-sectional area increases, the tangential velocity of the airflow entering the centrifugal separator decreases.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The static contact angle of the micro-nano composite hydrophobic structure layer is greater than 150 degrees.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The natural frequency of the cantilevered elastic spring and the vortex shedding frequency generated when the rotating airflow passes through the free end satisfy the resonance locking condition, so that the cantilevered elastic spring generates a continuous vibration with a frequency of 50 Hz to 500 Hz and an amplitude of 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fine particles with opposite charges approach, collide, and agglomerate in the micro-vortex region downstream of the microchannel, forming particle clusters with an equivalent diameter larger than the diameter of a single fine particle before agglomeration.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swirl guide vane is used to rectify and disperse the residual swirl kinetic energy of the rotating airflow inside the centrifugal separator, so that the residual swirl kinetic energy of the airflow discharged through the exhaust core pipe is rectified and dispersed, forming an airflow with a radial velocity deviation of less than 15%, and directly connected to the air inlet of the downstream desulfurization and denitrification reaction field through the outlet end of the exhaust core pipe.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust-laden airflow enters the system through the tangential air inlet at a speed of 15 m / s to 25 m / s.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric material coating is a polyimide coating, and the second dielectric material coating is a melamine resin coating.

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