Liquid fertilizer mixing apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of liquid fertilizer mixing equipment, belong to agricultural fertilization technical field, comprising: mixing box, for the mixing of liquid fertilizer, and communication has conveying pipe;Several storage tanks are respectively communicated with mixing box by corresponding feed pipe, and the pipe diameter of each feed pipe is different, to realize the feed of different proportioning materials;Several baffles are respectively used to block corresponding feed pipe;Water wheel is rotatably connected to conveying pipe, and rotates with the discharge of liquid fertilizer;The reduction of water wheel rotating speed drives several baffles to move synchronously, to realize the proportional blocking control of each feed pipe.The device relies on the discharge flow rate to drive the water wheel to run, real-time sensing of pipeline flow changes, synchronous proportional adjustment of each raw material feed quantity, avoids the accumulation of material overload in mixing box, automatically controls material proportioning throughout the process, ensures the mixing precision of amino acid liquid fertilizer, without manual intervention, reduces fertilizer waste and greenhouse environmental pollution, meets the precise fertilization needs of tomato and other crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilization technology, specifically relating to a liquid fertilizer mixing device. Background Technology

[0002] Amino acid liquid fertilizer is a functional fertilizer with free amino acids as its main component, supplemented with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements such as boron and zinc. It has a small molecular weight, high activity, and is easily absorbed directly by crop roots. It is widely used in drip irrigation systems for high-efficiency cash crops such as greenhouse tomatoes and cucumbers. In greenhouse tomato cultivation, amino acid liquid fertilizer is usually mixed with water in a specific ratio and then evenly delivered to the crop roots through drip irrigation tape to achieve integrated water and fertilizer management.

[0003] However, existing liquid fertilizer mixing equipment often experiences clogging problems during actual irrigation operations. This is because amino acid liquid fertilizers contain a certain amount of organic residue, incompletely dissolved trace components, or scale impurities formed by high hardness in the irrigation water. The mixed fertilizer solution is prone to deposition and scaling when flowing through the micropores of the drip irrigation tape or pipe bends, leading to poor downstream discharge or even complete blockage. These blockages are random and unpredictable.

[0004] In existing stationary mixing equipment, regardless of changes in downstream flow rate, the feeding speed and feed ratio from each storage tank to the mixing tank remain constant. When the actual irrigation flow rate decreases due to blockage, if the feeding speed remains unchanged, the total amount of material entering the mixing tank per unit time exceeds the actual discharge demand, causing the liquid level in the mixing tank to rise continuously and the mixed fertilizer solution to accumulate. Due to the limited volume of the mixing tank, excessive material will cause a sharp increase in the load on the mixing paddle, resulting in overload and a significant decrease in mixing uniformity. More seriously, an excessively high liquid level in the mixing tank will lead to overflow, wasting amino acid liquid fertilizer and polluting the greenhouse environment. Relying on manual judgment and adjustment based on experience results in a delayed response and insufficient precision, making it difficult to meet the needs of precision fertilization for crops such as greenhouse tomatoes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, a liquid fertilizer mixing device is provided. This device relies on the discharge flow rate to drive the water turbine, senses changes in pipeline flow in real time, and synchronously and proportionally adjusts the feed amount of each raw material to avoid material accumulation and overload in the mixing tank. It automatically controls the material ratio throughout the process, ensuring the mixing accuracy of amino acid liquid fertilizer without manual intervention, reducing fertilizer waste and greenhouse environmental pollution, and meeting the precision fertilization needs of crops such as tomatoes.

[0006] This invention provides a liquid fertilizer mixing device, comprising: A mixing tank, used for mixing liquid fertilizer, and connected to a conveying pipe; Several storage tanks are connected to the mixing tank through corresponding feed pipes. The diameter of each feed pipe is different to achieve feeding of materials with different proportions. Several baffles are used to block the corresponding feed pipes; A water turbine is rotatably connected to the conveying pipe and rotates as the liquid fertilizer is discharged. The reduction in the water turbine speed causes several baffles to move synchronously, thereby achieving proportional blocking and control of each feed pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the storage box includes a fertilizer box, a trace element box, and a water box; The fertilizer tank is connected to the mixing tank via a fertilizer pipe; The trace element box is connected to the mixing tank via a trace element tube; The water tank is connected to the mixing tank via a water inlet pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a support frame, which is slidably connected to a pull rod, the pull rod being used to drive the plurality of baffles to move synchronously.

[0009] Furthermore, the bracket is also connected to an electromagnet that attracts the pull rod, and the pull rod is connected to the bracket via a large tension spring, which is used to reset the pull rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the baffle includes a fertilizer baffle, a trace element baffle, and a water inlet baffle, which respectively block the fertilizer pipe, the trace element pipe, and the water inlet pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the water inlet baffle and the pull rod are fixedly connected. The pull rod drives the fertilizer baffle to move through the first gear set, and the pull rod drives the trace element baffle to move through the second gear set.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing sleeve is fixedly installed inside the conveying pipe, and a rotating wheel is rotatably connected inside the sealing sleeve. The rotating wheel and the water wheel are coaxially and fixedly connected. A sliding contact is slidably connected to the rotating wheel along its radial direction, and a resistance disk is fixedly connected to the sealing sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the resistance disk is connected to the electromagnet power supply circuit via a wire, the sliding contact slides against the surface of the resistance disk, and the resistance value of the resistance disk changes sequentially along the radial direction; The sliding contact rotates around the center of the resistance disk, and its radial position changes with the rotation speed of the wheel, thereby changing the resistance of the circuit and adjusting the working current of the electromagnet, thus driving the several baffles to move synchronously.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating wheel is slidably connected with an outer electrode and an inner electrode along its radial direction. The outer electrode and the inner electrode are respectively connected to the rotating wheel by a small tension spring and a spring. The outer electrode and the sliding contact are fixedly connected.

[0015] Furthermore, a conductive block is provided inside the sealing sleeve. When the outer electrode or the inner electrode comes into contact with the conductive block, the relay circuit is turned on. The normally closed contact of the relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the electromagnet. When the relay is energized, its normally closed contact opens, thereby de-energizing the electromagnet.

[0016] The liquid fertilizer mixing device provided by the present invention, as described above, has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application utilizes the discharge water flow to drive the water wheel to rotate, and captures changes in the flow rate of the delivery pipe in real time. When the drip irrigation tape is slightly blocked, causing the flow rate to decrease, the degree of baffle blockage can be dynamically adjusted, and the feed amount of fertilizer, trace elements and water can be controlled proportionally. This effectively avoids the problems of fertilizer liquid accumulation and excessive mixing load inside the mixing tank, and always maintains a stable material mixing state, avoiding fertilizer liquid accumulation and overflow in the mixing tank, making it suitable for routine drip irrigation fertilization operations in greenhouses.

[0017] 2. This application adopts a variable resistance control method using a resistance disk and a sliding contact. The change in the water wheel speed causes the sliding contact position to change, which precisely adjusts the working current of the electromagnet. Relying on the electromagnet's attraction force and the large tension spring reset structure, the pull rod is smoothly driven to move. Then, through the gear set, the displacement of each baffle is synchronously driven, realizing stepless continuous control of the feed rate. It has a rapid response and high control accuracy, and effectively adapts to the gradual fluctuation of flow rate in greenhouse irrigation.

[0018] 3. This application constructs a dual safety protection mechanism by adding a relay-linked power-off structure, which can cope with extreme working conditions such as severe pipeline blockage and pipeline rupture, where the flow rate changes suddenly. After the electrode contacts the conductive block, the relay is energized, cutting off the power supply to the electromagnet. The baffle is quickly reset under the action of the large tension spring, closing all feeding channels and terminating the material supply in a timely manner. This prevents overflow waste and greenhouse environmental pollution caused by continuous feeding of the mixing tank, and ensures the safety of the equipment and crops.

[0019] 4. All electrical control components in this application are integrated inside the sealed sleeve, which can effectively isolate the electrical structure from the liquid fertilizer solution, avoid fertilizer impurities and water corrosion of precision parts such as sliding contacts and electrodes, reduce circuit contact problems and component damage, and the overall transmission and control structure is compact. It can still operate stably in the field environment with moisture and impurities, effectively extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0020] 5. This application adopts a design of fertilizer pipes, trace element pipes and water inlet pipes with different diameters to achieve proportional feeding of each material. Combined with proportional transmission of the gear set, it ensures that each raw material channel always maintains the set ratio during the adjustment process, avoids imbalance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element ratios, and produces amino acid liquid fertilizer with uniform and stable concentration, ensuring the stability of fertilization for greenhouse crops and meeting the needs of precision fertilization for greenhouse crops.

[0021] 6. The entire feeding adjustment and emergency feed cut-off process of this application is automatically completed by relying on fluid power and mechanical-electric linkage. The rotation of the water wheel directly drives the displacement of the impeller and sliding contact, converting the fluid kinetic energy into resistance change. The structure is simpler, the equipment manufacturing cost is significantly reduced, and the overall reliability of the system is effectively improved. It simplifies the greenhouse fertilization operation process, greatly reduces the labor cost, and avoids the drawbacks of manual adjustment lag and inaccurate control, effectively improving the overall operation efficiency of water and fertilizer mixing fertilization. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the pull rod structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, mainly illustrating the cooperation state of the baffle and the feed pipe; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the N-section structure; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure of section M in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the K-section structure; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure of the turbine and runner.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Water wheel; 2. Fertilizer tank; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Trace element tank; 5. Electromagnet; 6. Mixing tank; 7. Transfer pump; 8. Transfer pipe; 9. Inlet baffle; 10. Agitator; 11. Motor; 12. Pull rod; 13. Trace element tube; 14. Trace element baffle; 15. Inner electrode; 16. Spring; 17. Small tension spring; 18. Outer electrode; 19. Conductive block; 20. Large tension spring; 21. Sliding contact; 22. Second gear set; 23. Resistance disk; 24. Fertilizer tube; 25. First rack; 26. First gear set; 27. Fertilizer baffle; 28. Second rack; 29. ​​Sealing sleeve; 30. Rotary wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment discloses a liquid fertilizer mixing device, including: The mixing tank 6 is used for mixing liquid fertilizer. A delivery pump 7 is provided on one side of the bottom of the mixing tank 6. One end of the delivery pump 7 is connected to the mixing tank 6, and the other end of the delivery pump 7 is connected to the delivery pipe 8. The delivery pipe 8 is connected to the drip irrigation tape buried in the greenhouse to realize the delivery of liquid fertilizer to the corresponding position in the greenhouse. A liquid level observation window is provided on the side wall of the mixing tank 6 to monitor the changes in liquid level in the mixing tank 6. A stirrer 10 is rotatably connected inside the mixing tank 6. A motor 11 is also fixedly connected to the mixing tank 6. The motor 11 is connected to the stirrer 10 and is used to drive the stirrer 10 to rotate. The stirring of materials inside the mixing tank 6 is achieved through the stirrer 10. Several storage tanks are connected to the mixing tank 6 through corresponding feed pipes. The diameter of each feed pipe is different to achieve feeding of materials with different proportions. Several baffles, each used to block the corresponding feed pipe; Water turbine 1 is rotatably connected to conveying pipe 8 and rotates as liquid fertilizer is discharged; The reduction in the rotational speed of water turbine 1 causes several baffles to move synchronously, thereby achieving proportional blocking and control of each feed pipe.

[0026] This application utilizes the discharge water flow to drive the water wheel 1 to rotate, and captures the flow changes of the delivery pipe 8 in real time. When the drip irrigation belt is slightly blocked, causing the flow to decrease, the degree of baffle blockage can be dynamically adjusted, and the feed amount of fertilizer, trace elements and water can be controlled proportionally. This effectively avoids the problems of fertilizer liquid accumulation and excessive mixing load inside the mixing tank 6, and always maintains a stable material mixing state, avoiding fertilizer liquid accumulation and overflow in the mixing tank 6, and is suitable for normal drip irrigation fertilization operations in greenhouses.

[0027] The storage tank includes a fertilizer tank 2, a trace element tank 4, and a water tank. The feed pipes are a fertilizer pipe 24, a trace element pipe 13, and a water inlet pipe 3, respectively. The fertilizer tank 2 is connected to the mixing tank 6 through the fertilizer pipe 24, the trace element tank 4 is connected to the mixing tank 6 through the trace element pipe 13, and the water tank is connected to the mixing tank 6 through the water inlet pipe 3.

[0028] Fertilizer tank 2 is used to store amino acid mother liquor or high-concentration liquid fertilizer, trace element tank 4 is used to store concentrated solutions of trace elements such as boron and zinc, and water tank is used to store irrigation water. The ratio of the diameters of fertilizer pipe 24, water inlet pipe 3, and trace element pipe 13 corresponds to a fertilizer, water, and trace element ratio of 1:100:20, so that each material enters the mixing tank 6 at the same flow rate and in the set proportion. Fertilizer tank 2, trace element tank 4, and water tank are all located above the mixing tank 6, using the liquid level difference to achieve gravity feeding of materials, or each is equipped with a micro booster pump to overcome pipeline resistance.

[0029] The design employs fertilizer pipes 24, trace element pipes 13, and water inlet pipes 3 with differentiated pipe diameters to achieve proportional feeding of each material. Combined with proportional transmission of the gear set, it ensures that each raw material channel maintains the set ratio during the adjustment process, avoiding imbalance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace element ratios. The produced amino acid liquid fertilizer has a uniform and stable concentration, ensuring the stability of fertilization for greenhouse crops and meeting the needs of precision fertilization for greenhouse crops.

[0030] It also includes a bracket, which is slidably connected to a pull rod 12. The pull rod 12 is used to drive several baffles to move synchronously. The pull rod 12 is set vertically and can only slide in the vertical direction. The bracket is also connected to an electromagnet 5 that has an attractive effect on the pull rod 12. The pull rod 12 is connected to the bracket through a large tension spring 20, which is used to reset the pull rod 12.

[0031] The large tension spring 20 and the pull rod 12 are arranged in parallel. One end of the large tension spring 20 is connected to the bracket, and the other end of the large tension spring 20 is connected to the pull rod 12. Under the elastic force of the large tension spring 20, the pull rod 12 causes the baffle to block the corresponding feed pipe. The electromagnet 5 is set directly above the pull rod 12, and an iron block is set at the top of the pull rod 12. When the electromagnet 5 is energized, it can attract the pull rod 12 to move upward, and the pull rod 12 drives the corresponding feed pipe to open.

[0032] The baffles include a fertilizer baffle 27, a trace element baffle 14, and a water inlet baffle 9, which respectively block the fertilizer pipe 24, the trace element pipe 13, and the water inlet pipe 3.

[0033] The water inlet baffle 9 and the pull rod 12 are fixedly connected. The pull rod 12 drives the fertilizer baffle 27 to move through the first gear set 26, and the pull rod 12 drives the trace element baffle 14 to move through the second gear set 22.

[0034] The first rack 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the pull rod 12. The first gear set 26 includes a first gear and a second gear that are rotatably connected to the bracket. The first rack 25 meshes with the first gear. The first gear and the second gear are coaxially fixedly connected. The second gear meshes with the third rack on the fertilizer baffle 27. The diameter of the first gear is larger than that of the second gear, thus forming a speed reduction transmission.

[0035] A second rack 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the pull rod 12. The second gear set 22 includes a third gear and a fourth gear that are rotatably connected to the bracket. The second rack 28 meshes with the third gear. The third gear and the fourth gear are coaxially fixedly connected. The fourth gear meshes with the fourth rack on the trace element baffle 14. The diameter of the third gear is larger than the diameter of the fourth gear, thus forming a speed reduction transmission.

[0036] Both the first gear set 26 and the second gear set 22 serve to reduce speed and convert the stroke ratio. When the pull rod 12 moves a certain distance, the pull rod 12 directly drives the water inlet baffle 9 to move a corresponding distance. After being reduced and transmitted by the second gear set 22, the movement distance of the trace element baffle 14 is less than the movement distance of the water inlet baffle 9. After being reduced and transmitted by the first gear set 26, the movement distance of the fertilizer baffle 27 is further less than the movement distance of the trace element baffle 14.

[0037] The aforementioned differentiated stroke ratio design is adapted to the different diameters of the water inlet pipe 3, the trace element pipe 13, and the fertilizer pipe 24. The water inlet pipe 3 has the largest diameter, requiring a relatively large displacement of the water inlet baffle 9 for effective sealing. The trace element pipe 13 has the next largest diameter, requiring a moderate displacement of the trace element baffle 14 to match. The fertilizer pipe 24 has the smallest diameter, requiring only a small displacement of the fertilizer baffle 27 for complete sealing. Therefore, under the synchronous drive of the pull rod 12, each baffle adjusts its opening proportionally to its corresponding pipe diameter, ensuring that the feed ratio of fertilizer, water, and trace elements remains constant.

[0038] A sealing sleeve 29 is fixedly installed inside the conveying pipe 8. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the sealing sleeve 29. The rotating shaft passes through the sealing sleeve 29 and a rotating seal is provided at the connection with the sealing sleeve 29 to prevent liquid leakage. A rotating wheel 30 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. The rotating wheel 30 is located inside the sealing sleeve 29. The water wheel 1 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, so that when the water wheel 1 rotates, it can drive the rotating wheel 30 to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft.

[0039] A support rod is fixedly connected inside the conveying pipe 8, and the support rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The support rod supports the rotating shaft, allowing it to suspend within the conveying pipe 8. The water wheel 1 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, which supports the water wheel 1, also allowing it to suspend within the conveying pipe 8, thus reducing restrictions on the flow of liquid fertilizer. The water wheel 1 adopts a conventional water wheel structure, with its blades facing the direction of the liquid fertilizer flow. Therefore, when liquid fertilizer passes through the conveying pipe 8, the liquid flow impacts the blades' water-facing surface, causing the water wheel 1 to rotate. The water wheel 1 then drives the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the impeller 30 to rotate, thus achieving power transmission.

[0040] A sliding contact 21 is slidably connected to the rotating wheel 30 along its radial direction. The sliding contact 21 is connected to the rotating wheel 30 through an insulating slide block. The insulating slide block restricts the sliding contact 21 to move only along the radial direction of the rotating wheel 30. A resistance disk 23 is fixedly connected to the sealing sleeve 29. The sliding contact 21 slides against the surface of the resistance disk 23. The resistance disk 23 is a ring-shaped conductor. The resistance value of the resistance disk 23 is uniform and consistent around its circumference. The resistance value at the same position of the ring is equal. The resistance value of the resistance disk 23 decreases gradually from the inside to the outside along the radial direction. The inner ring end and the outer ring end of the resistance disk 23 are respectively connected to the power supply circuit of the electromagnet 5 through wires. The sliding contact 21 rotates around the center of the resistance disk 23, and its radial position changes with the rotation speed of the wheel 30, thereby changing the resistance of the circuit and adjusting the working current of the electromagnet 5, thus driving several baffles to move synchronously.

[0041] The variable resistance control method using the resistance disk 23 and the sliding contact 21 is adopted. The change in the speed of the water wheel 1 drives the change in the position of the sliding contact 21, which precisely adjusts the working current of the electromagnet 5. Relying on the attraction of the electromagnet 5 and the reset structure of the large tension spring 20, the pull rod 12 is smoothly driven to move. Then, through the gear set, the displacement of each baffle is driven synchronously, realizing stepless continuous control of the feed amount. It has a rapid response and high control accuracy, and effectively adapts to the gradual fluctuation of the flow rate in greenhouse irrigation.

[0042] The rotating wheel 30 is slidably connected to an outer electrode 18 and an inner electrode 15 along its radial direction. The outer electrode 18 and the inner electrode 15 are connected to the rotating wheel 30 by a small tension spring 17 and a spring 16, respectively. The outer electrode 18 and the sliding contact 21 are fixedly connected.

[0043] The outer electrode 18 is located on the outer ring of the rotating wheel 30, and the inner electrode 15 is located on the inner ring of the rotating wheel 30. The outer end of the small tension spring 17 is connected to the outer electrode 18, and the inner end of the small tension spring 17 is connected to the rotating wheel 30. The small tension spring 17 is used for the reset of the outer electrode 18. When the rotation speed of the rotating wheel 30 slows down, the small tension spring 17 pulls the outer electrode 18 to move inward. At the same time, the outer electrode 18 drives the sliding contact 21 to move inward along the radius of the resistance disk 23.

[0044] When the flow rate slows down, the rotation speed of the impeller 30 decreases, the sliding contact 21 moves inward along the radius of the resistance disk 23, the circuit connection resistance increases, the working current of the electromagnet 5 decreases, the attraction force on the pull rod 12 weakens, the large tension spring 20 drives the pull rod 12 to move downward, and several baffles move synchronously to achieve proportional blocking of each feed pipe, reducing the feed amount to match the actual discharge flow rate and avoiding material accumulation and overload in the mixing tank 6.

[0045] A conductive block 19 is provided inside the sealing sleeve 29. When the outer electrode 18 or the inner electrode 15 comes into contact with the conductive block 19, the relay circuit is turned on. The normally closed contact of the relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the electromagnet 5. When the relay is energized, its normally closed contact opens, so that the electromagnet 5 is de-energized.

[0046] There are two conductive blocks 19. The conductive block 19 located in the inner ring is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the conductive block 19 located in the outer ring is fixed to the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 29. Both conductive blocks 19 are arc-shaped copper contact pieces, which are arranged on the rotation trajectory of the outer electrode 18 and the inner electrode 15. The outer electrode 18 and the inner electrode 15 are respectively connected to the two ends of the relay through wires to form the trigger control circuit of the relay.

[0047] When the rotation speed of the rotor 30 abnormally increases or decreases to the threshold, the outer electrode 18 or the inner electrode 15 slides radially to the limit position under the action of centrifugal force, and makes contact with the conductive block 19 to conduct electricity. The relay coil is energized and attracted. When the relay is energized, its normally closed contact opens, cutting off the power supply to the electromagnet 5. The electromagnet 5 instantly loses its magnetism, and the pull rod 12 quickly resets under the action of the large tension spring 20, driving several baffles to simultaneously close each feed pipe, realizing emergency material cut-off protection.

[0048] By adding a relay-linked power-off structure, a dual safety protection mechanism is constructed to cope with extreme working conditions such as severe pipeline blockage and pipeline rupture, which cause sudden changes in flow rate. After the outer electrode 18 or the inner electrode 15 contacts the conductive block 19, the relay is energized, cutting off the power supply to the electromagnet 5. The baffle is quickly reset under the action of the large tension spring, closing all feeding channels and terminating the material supply in time. This prevents overflow waste and greenhouse environmental pollution caused by continuous feeding of the mixing tank 6, and ensures the safety of equipment and crops.

[0049] All electrical control components are integrated inside the sealed sleeve 29, which can effectively isolate the electrical structure from the liquid fertilizer solution, avoid fertilizer impurities and water corrosion of precision parts such as sliding contacts 21 and electrodes, reduce circuit contact problems and component damage, and the overall transmission and control structure is compact. It can still operate stably in the field in a humid and impurity-rich working environment, effectively extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0050] A sensor mounting hole is made on the top of the mixing tank 6 to fix the liquid level sensor. The liquid level sensor is preferably an ultrasonic liquid level sensor to avoid mechanical interference with the agitator 10. Its probe is vertically downward toward the liquid surface and maintains a safe distance from the stirring radius of the agitator 10 to eliminate the influence of liquid surface eddies on the measurement accuracy.

[0051] A method of using a liquid fertilizer mixing device, comprising the following steps: The amino acid mother liquor is poured into fertilizer tank 2, the concentrated solution of boron, zinc and other trace elements is poured into trace element tank 4, and irrigation water is injected into water tank. Each storage tank is connected to mixing tank 6 through fertilizer pipe 24, water inlet pipe 3 and trace element pipe 13 respectively. The ratio of fertilizer, water and trace elements is 1:100:20. The motor 11 is started to drive the stirrer 10 to rotate, and mixing tank 6 enters the mixing state. Turn on the micro booster pump in the storage tank or use the liquid level difference to allow each material to enter the mixing tank 6 in a set ratio. After being mixed by the agitator 10, the mixture is transported to the greenhouse drip irrigation belt through the conveying pipe 8. When the liquid fertilizer flows through the conveying pipe 8, it drives the water wheel 1 to rotate. The water wheel 1 drives the rotating wheel 30 to rotate synchronously in the sealing sleeve 29. The sliding contact 21 moves in a circle around the center of the resistance disk 23 with the rotating wheel 30, and at the same time, it moves radially along the resistance disk 23 under the action of centrifugal force. When the drip irrigation tape is slightly blocked, causing the flow rate to slow down, the rotation speed of the rotor 30 decreases, and the sliding contact 21 moves inward along the radius of the resistance disk 23 under the action of the small tension spring 17. The circuit connection resistance increases, the working current of the electromagnet 5 decreases, the attraction force on the pull rod 12 weakens, and the pull rod 12 moves downward under the action of the large tension spring 20. This causes the water inlet baffle 9, fertilizer baffle 27 and trace element baffle 14 to move downward proportionally, achieving proportional blocking of each feed pipe and reducing the feed amount to match the actual discharge flow rate. When the blockage is cleared and the flow rate is restored, the rotation speed of the rotor 30 increases, and the sliding contact 21 moves outward along the radius of the resistance disk 23 under the action of centrifugal force. The circuit connection resistance decreases, the working current of the electromagnet 5 increases, the attraction force on the pull rod 12 increases, the pull rod 12 overcomes the elastic force of the large tension spring 20 and moves upward, driving each baffle to move upward synchronously to open the feed pipe and restore the set ratio of feed.

[0052] When the drip irrigation tape is severely blocked or the pipeline is ruptured, causing the flow rate to suddenly change to the threshold, the inner electrode 15 or the outer electrode 18 slides radially to the limit position and contacts the corresponding conductive block 19 to conduct electricity. The relay coil is energized and attracted, and its normally closed contact opens, cutting off the power supply to the electromagnet 5. The pull rod 12 is reset under the action of the large tension spring 20, which drives the water inlet baffle 9, the trace element baffle 14 and the fertilizer baffle 27 to simultaneously close each feed pipe and terminate the material supply in time. The mixing tank 6 has four preset liquid level thresholds H1, H2, H3 and H4, and satisfies H1 < H2 < H3 < H4, where H1 is the lower limit protection threshold, H4 is the upper limit protection threshold, and H2 and H3 limit the normal liquid level adjustment range. When the liquid level is between H2 and H3, the transfer pump 7 operates under normal conditions. When the liquid level sensor 31 detects that the liquid level is lower than H2, the operating current of the transfer pump 7 is reduced to decrease the discharge flow rate. If the liquid level continues to drop below H1, the transfer pump 7 is controlled to stop working to prevent the mixing tank 6 from being emptied and the transfer pump 7 from running dry and being damaged. When the liquid level sensor 31 detects that the liquid level is higher than H3, the operating current of the transfer pump 7 is increased to accelerate the discharge. If the liquid level continues to rise above H4, the transfer pump 7 is controlled to stop working to prevent the mixing tank 6 from overflowing.

[0053] After clearing the blockage or repairing the pipeline, restart the equipment. The outer electrode 18 or inner electrode 15 will disengage from the conductive block 19, the relay will de-energize and release, the normally closed contact will reopen, the electromagnet 5 will be re-energized, the pull rod 12 will move upward against the elastic force of the large tension spring 20, the pull rod 12 will drive each baffle to move upward synchronously, open each feed pipe, and continue the precision fertilization operation for greenhouse tomatoes and other crops.

[0054] The entire feeding adjustment and emergency material cut-off process is automatically completed by relying on fluid power and mechanical-electric linkage. The rotation of water wheel 1 directly drives the displacement of the rotor 30 and sliding contact 21, converting fluid kinetic energy into resistance change. The structure is simpler, the equipment manufacturing cost is significantly reduced, and the overall reliability of the system is effectively improved. It simplifies the greenhouse fertilization operation process, greatly reduces labor costs, and avoids the drawbacks of manual adjustment lag and inaccurate control, effectively improving the overall efficiency of water and fertilizer mixed fertilization.

[0055] The method for establishing a quantitative correspondence between the rotation angle of the water turbine and the feed amounts of fertilizer, trace elements, and water includes: Liquid fertilizer flow velocity - water turbine 1 rotation speed mapping layer: When the liquid fertilizer flows through the delivery pipe 8, it drives the water turbine 1 to rotate. The water turbine 1 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rigidly connected to the rotating wheel 30. Under stable operating conditions, the angular velocity of the water turbine 1 is approximately linearly positively correlated with the average flow velocity of the liquid fertilizer in the pipe. This relationship is uniquely determined by structural parameters such as the water-facing surface area of ​​the water turbine 1 blades, the installation angle, and the inner diameter of the delivery pipe 8. The formula is expressed as: n=k v ·v (1); In the formula, n The water turbine speed, k v This is the proportionality coefficient. v The flow rate of the liquid fertilizer; Water turbine 1 rotation speed - sliding contact 21 displacement mapping layer: The rotor 30 rotates synchronously with the water turbine 1 on the same axis. The sliding contact 21 moves in a circle around the center of the resistor disk 23 with the rotor 30. At the same time, centrifugal force: F c =mω 2 r With small tension spring 17 elasticity F s =kx Under the dynamic balance action, the radial displacement of the resistance disk 23 and the radial position of the sliding contact 21 are determined. r With the angular velocity of the rotating wheel at 30° oh There exists a one-to-one continuous functional relationship. The function is determined by the stiffness coefficient of the small tension spring 17, the mass of the sliding contact 21, and the geometric dimensions of the resistance disk 23. Sliding contact 21 displacement - resistance disk 23 resistance value - electromagnet 5 current mapping layer: Resistance disk 23 is a ring-shaped conductor with uniform circumferential resistance and radial resistance decreasing from the inside to the outside. The radial displacement of sliding contact 21 directly changes the effective resistance value connected to the power supply circuit of electromagnet 5. According to Ohm's law, the operating current of electromagnet 5... I radial position of sliding contact 21 r It exhibits a monotonically decreasing relationship; Electromagnet 5 Current - Electromagnet 5 Attraction - Rod 12 Displacement Mapping Layer: Electromagnetic Attraction of Electromagnet 5 FM With operating current I satisfy Electromagnetic attraction FM With the large tension spring 20, the restoring force F big This creates resistance, driving the tie rod 12 to move axially. D x The displacement Δx Depend on FM and F big The balance relationship is uniquely determined; Displacement-feed rate mapping layer of tie rod 12: Axial displacement of tie rod 12 Δx The gear set synchronously transmits power to each baffle, changing the flow area of ​​each feed pipe. A This, in turn, changes the feed rate, which is expressed by the formula: (2); In the formula, Q For feed rate, C d For flow coefficient, A For effective flow area, ΔP The pressure difference between the storage tank and the mixing tank 6. r The density of the liquid fertilizer, under pressure difference ΔP Under stable conditions, feed rate Q With flow area A The relationship is linear, while the flow area A With the displacement of the baffle Δx The relationship is linear, therefore the feed rate Q Displacement of the tie rod 12 Δx A definite quantitative mapping was established between them.

[0056] The "proportional regulation of fertilizer, trace elements, and water feed rates" described in this invention refers to maintaining a constant relative ratio (i.e., 1:100:20) among fertilizer, water, and trace elements under any flow rate regulation condition, rather than fixing the absolute feed rates. This ratio is preset and adjusted through the following methods: Source ratio preset: During the equipment initialization stage, amino acid mother liquor, trace element concentrate and irrigation water are injected into fertilizer tank 2, trace element tank 4 and water tank respectively according to the target ratio. The outlet pipe diameter, micro booster pump head or liquid level difference of each storage tank have been pre-matched according to the ratio requirements to ensure that the basic flow ratio of each material approaches the set value when the baffle is fully open. Preset gear reduction ratio: With the tie rod 12 as the sole drive source, its unit displacement is distributed to the three baffles through differentiated gear transmission ratios: Inlet baffle 9: Direct connection rod 12, transmission ratio: i water =1, displacement Δx water =Δx ; Trace element baffle 14: Reduced by the second gear set 22, transmission ratio i trace >1, displacement Δx trace =Δx / i trace ; Fertilizer baffle 27: Reduced by the first gear set 26, transmission ratio i fert >i trace Displacement Δx fert =Δx / i fert ; By replacing gear sets with different gear ratios (i.e., changing...) i trace and i fert This allows for the preset and locked relative feeding ratios of the three materials in the mechanical structure. The pull rod 12 serves as the sole axial drive source. Due to the opposing forces of the electromagnet 5's attraction and the large tension spring 20's restoring force, the pull rod 12 exhibits only one axial displacement regardless of changes in flow velocity. Δx The displacement is transmitted to the three baffles simultaneously and in the same direction, ensuring the synchronization of their actions from the mechanical source and avoiding phase difference or response delay between multiple driving sources.

[0057] Both the first gear set 26 and the second gear set 22 serve to reduce speed and convert stroke ratio. In fluid mechanics, for thin-walled orifice outflow, referring to the feed rate formula (2), when the pressure difference... ΔP When constant, flow rate and flow area A Proportional to each other, since the displacement ratio of each baffle has been precisely matched according to the difference in pipe diameter, and the baffle and the pipe opening have a linear blocking relationship, the change ratio of the flow area of ​​each material is always the same, thus ensuring that the feed amount increases or decreases synchronously according to the preset ratio.

[0058] Since the position of the sliding contact 21 on the resistance disk 23 is continuously variable (non-discrete range), the attraction force of the electromagnet 5 changes continuously with the current, and the displacement of the pull rod 12... Δx It is a continuous quantity, and the gear transmission is a linear proportional relationship. Therefore, the opening of the three baffles is continuously and steplessly adjustable under any flow conditions. Through the triple design of "single source drive to ensure synchronization, gear reduction ratio locking ratio, and pipe diameter difference to adapt to stroke", the feed amount of fertilizer, water and trace elements always changes proportionally according to the preset ratio (1:100:20) under any flow conditions.

[0059] Taking a tomato planting scenario in an agricultural greenhouse as an example, the liquid fertilizer mixing equipment described in this application is used for precision fertilization. The structural parameters of the equipment are set as follows: the conveying pipe 8 adopts a DN50 inner liner pipe, and the normal design flow rate is... v 0 = 2.0 m / s, corresponding to the rotational speed of water turbine 1. n 0 = 284 r / min, water turbine 1 diameter 80 mm, water turbine 1 blade width 30 mm, and the velocity-speed ratio coefficient after calibration of the installation angle: k v =142s / m; The outer radius of the resistance disk 23 is 50mm, the innermost resistance of the resistance disk 23 is 500Ω, the radial direction is linearly gradient distributed, and the resistance decreases from the inside to the outside. The electromagnet 5 is powered by 220V AC rectified power supply, and the large tension spring 20 has a certain preload to ensure that each baffle is in the closed position when there is no power. The diameters of each feed pipe and the gear transmission parameters are set as follows: the inner diameter of the water inlet pipe 3 is 40mm, the water inlet baffle 9 is directly driven by the pull rod 12, and the transmission ratio is... i water =1; the inner diameter of the trace element tube 13 is 20mm, and the trace element baffle 14 is driven by the second gear set 22 for reduction, with a transmission ratio of 1. i trace =1.25; Fertilizer pipe 24 has an inner diameter of 10mm, and fertilizer baffle 27 is driven by the first gear set 26 for reduction, with a transmission ratio of 1.25. i fer t =6.25; the pressure difference between each storage tank and the mixing tank 6 is stable at 0.05MPa, and the flow coefficient is... C d =0.62; Normal fertilization conditions: After the equipment is started, the materials are mixed in a ratio of fertilizer, water, and trace elements of 1:100:20 and then fed into the mixing tank 6. After being mixed evenly by the agitator 10, the mixture is conveyed to the greenhouse drip irrigation belt through the delivery pipe 8. At this time, the liquid fertilizer flow rate is... v =2.0 m / s, rotational speed of turbine 1 n=284r / min, the sliding contact 21 is in the radial position of the resistance disk 23 under the action of centrifugal force. r =35.0mm, corresponding to the connected resistor R in =187.5Ω, electromagnet 5 operating current I=0.5 A, generating electromagnetic attraction force. F m =3.75 N; The suction force, combined with the elastic force of the large tension spring 20, drives the pull rod 12 to move to... Δx =17.5mm, water inlet baffle 9 displacement 17.5mm, trace element baffle 14 displacement 14mm, fertilizer baffle 27 displacement 2.8mm, corresponding to the following feed rates: water 1 / min, trace elements 0.2L / min, fertilizer 0.01L / min, actual output ratio 100:20:1, after calibration with the target ratio, the system operates stably under the set conditions.

[0060] Slight blockage condition: When a branch pipe of the drip irrigation tape becomes slightly blocked due to impurities, the pipeline resistance increases, the flow velocity in delivery pipe 8 decreases from 2.0 m / s to 1.6 m / s, and the rotational speed of water turbine 1 decreases accordingly. n =227r / min, the centrifugal force of the sliding contact 21 decreases, and under the action of the small tension spring 17, it moves radially inward along the resistance disk 23 to r =24.5mm, the connection resistance is increased to R in =318.8Ω, current drops to I =0.3A, electromagnetic attraction force drops to F m =1.35N; The suction force, combined with the elastic force of the large tension spring 20, reduces the displacement of the pull rod 12 to [a smaller value]. Δx =12.7mm, the water inlet baffle 9 shifts by 12.7mm, the trace element baffle 14 shifts by 10.16mm, and the fertilizer baffle 27 shifts by 2.032mm. The feed rates of each material are simultaneously reduced to: water 0.73L / min, trace elements 0.146L / min, and fertilizer 0.0073L / min. The feed ratio of the three materials remains unchanged at 100:20:1 to achieve proportional matching with the actual downstream discharge flow rate and avoid excessive accumulation of mixed liquid in the mixing tank 6.

[0061] Emergency protection conditions: If the blockage worsens and the flow rate drops sharply to 0.4 m / s, or if a pipe rupture causes abnormal flow rate, the sliding contact 21 moves to its limit position, the inner electrode 15 or the outer electrode 18 contacts the conductive block 19 and conducts electricity, the relay coil is energized and closes, the normally closed contact opens, the electromagnet 5 is de-energized, the pull rod 12 is reset under the action of the large tension spring 20, each baffle synchronously closes each feed pipe, and the material supply is terminated in time to prevent resource waste and equipment damage. After troubleshooting, the system is restarted and resumes normal fertilization operation.

[0062] Liquid level linkage protection: The mixing tank 6 is equipped with a liquid level sensor 31, which has four preset liquid level thresholds: H1=100mm, H2=250mm, H3=650mm, and H4=800mm. When the normal liquid level is between H2 and H3, the conveying pump 7 operates under normal conditions. If the liquid level is lower than H2, the operating current of the conveying pump 7 is reduced to decrease the discharge flow rate. If the liquid level continues to drop to H1, control the transfer pump 7 to stop working to prevent the mixing tank 6 from being emptied and the transfer pump 7 from running dry and being damaged; if the liquid level is higher than H3, increase the operating current of the transfer pump 7 to accelerate the drainage; if the liquid level continues to rise to H4, control the transfer pump 7 to stop working to prevent the mixing tank 6 from overflowing.

[0063] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid fertilizer mixing device, characterized in that, include: A mixing tank (6) is used for mixing liquid fertilizer and is connected to a conveying pipe (8). Several storage tanks are connected to the mixing tank (6) through corresponding feed pipes. The diameter of each feed pipe is different to realize the feeding of materials with different proportions. Several baffles are used to block the corresponding feed pipes; The water turbine (1) is rotatably connected to the conveying pipe (8) and rotates as the liquid fertilizer is discharged; The reduction in the rotational speed of the water turbine (1) drives several of the baffles to move synchronously, so as to achieve proportional blocking control of each feed pipe.

2. The liquid fertilizer mixing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage box includes a fertilizer box (2), a trace element box (4), and a water box; The fertilizer box (2) is connected to the mixing box (6) via the fertilizer pipe (24); The trace element box (4) is connected to the stirring box (6) through the trace element tube (13); The water tank is connected to the mixing tank (6) via the water inlet pipe (3).

3. The liquid fertilizer mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a bracket, which is slidably connected to a pull rod (12), which is used to drive several of the baffles to move synchronously.

4. The liquid fertilizer mixing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bracket is also connected to an electromagnet (5) that attracts the pull rod (12). The pull rod (12) is connected to the bracket via a large tension spring (20), which is used to reset the pull rod (12).

5. A liquid fertilizer mixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The baffles include a fertilizer baffle (27), a trace element baffle (14), and a water inlet baffle (9), which respectively block the fertilizer pipe (24), the trace element pipe (13), and the water inlet pipe (3).

6. A liquid fertilizer mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water inlet baffle (9) and the pull rod (12) are fixedly connected. The pull rod (12) drives the fertilizer baffle (27) to move through the first gear set (26). The pull rod (12) drives the trace element baffle (14) to move through the second gear set (22).

7. A liquid fertilizer mixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing sleeve (29) is fixedly installed inside the conveying pipe (8). A rotating wheel (30) is rotatably connected inside the sealing sleeve (29). The rotating wheel (30) and the water wheel (1) are coaxially fixedly connected. A sliding contact (21) is slidably connected to the rotating wheel (30) along its radial direction. A resistance disk (23) is fixedly connected to the sealing sleeve (29).

8. A liquid fertilizer mixing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The resistance disk (23) is connected to the power supply circuit of the electromagnet (5) via a wire, the sliding contact (21) slides against the surface of the resistance disk (23), and the resistance value of the resistance disk (23) changes sequentially along the radial direction; The sliding contact (21) rotates around the center of the resistance disk (23), and its radial position changes with the rotation speed of the wheel (30), thereby changing the resistance of the circuit connection and adjusting the working current of the electromagnet (5), thereby driving several of the baffles to move synchronously.

9. A liquid fertilizer mixing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating wheel (30) is slidably connected to an outer electrode (18) and an inner electrode (15) along its radial direction. The outer electrode (18) and the inner electrode (15) are connected to the rotating wheel (30) by a small tension spring (17) and a spring (16), respectively. The outer electrode (18) and the sliding contact (21) are fixedly connected.

10. A liquid fertilizer mixing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A conductive block (19) is provided inside the sealing sleeve (29). When the outer electrode (18) or the inner electrode (15) comes into contact with the conductive block (19), the relay circuit is turned on. The normally closed contact of the relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the electromagnet (5). When the relay is energized, its normally closed contact opens so that the electromagnet (5) is de-energized.

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