A metal steel material cutting device and cutting process based on brake shoe production

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of metal steel material cutting device and cutting process based on brake shoe production, it is related to laser cutting technical field, including machine table, laser cutting head is installed on machine table, workpiece plate is placed on machine table, laser cutting head is used to cut groove from workpiece plate, the material cut down forms blank, cutting auxiliary assembly is provided on machine table, cutting auxiliary assembly is used to provide support and unloading action to blank, and grinding is carried out to blank and groove during cutting process;By the design of cutting auxiliary assembly, support, polishing, unloading complete mechanism always moves along laser cutting path, will not block light path, interfere with laser main cutting process, guarantee core cutting operation normal and stable development, each cutting area can be recycled complete stable material support, section polishing, automatic unloading complete matched action, each process is closely connected and coherent, adaptive automatic brake shoe blank laser cutting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, specifically to a metal steel cutting device and cutting process based on brake shoe production. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of brake shoes for new energy vehicles, the metal cutting device is the first key process equipment for blank forming. At present, the industry generally uses CNC laser cutting equipment. This device focuses a high-intensity laser beam on the surface of the metal sheet and, in conjunction with a multi-axis linkage worktable, can complete high-speed, high-precision thermal cutting according to a preset graphic path, quickly cutting and separating the entire steel sheet into the blank shape required for the brake shoe, laying the foundation for subsequent processing steps.

[0003] However, existing laser cutting processes still suffer from several drawbacks that restrict finished product quality and production efficiency. The thermal effect generated by laser cutting can cause the release of internal stress in the sheet metal. Furthermore, as the connection points between the blank and the base material gradually decrease towards the end of the cutting process, the brake shoe blank is highly susceptible to warping, flipping, and instability. In addition, the cut blank at high temperatures is prone to sticking to the base material due to residual heat, and cannot detach naturally by gravity alone. This not only increases the difficulty of material removal but also easily causes scratches on the blank's cross-section, affecting the product qualification rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to support the blank and assist in unloading during the laser cutting process, and to grind the blank and the cutting seam.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a metal steel cutting device and cutting process based on brake shoe production includes a machine base, a laser cutting head installed on the machine base, a workpiece plate placed on the machine base, the laser cutting head being used to cut grooves from the workpiece plate, the material being cut off forming a blank, and a cutting auxiliary component being provided on the machine base, the cutting auxiliary component being used to provide support and unloading for the blank, and to polish the blank and the groove during the cutting process;

[0006] The cutting auxiliary components include an electric push rod with a gap between its bottom end and the machine base to accommodate the unloaded blank. The electric push rod can move freely on the horizontal plane of the machine base. The extension shaft of the electric push rod faces upward, and a suction cup is installed on the extension shaft. The suction cup can rotate horizontally and vertically on the electric push rod and is used to attract and support the blank. A grinding seat is installed on the electric push rod, and sandpaper is detachably connected to the top of the grinding seat. The sandpaper is flush with the top surface of the suction cup and can be moved to grind along the edge of the blank. A guide frame is installed on each side of the electric push rod. Both guide frames are inclined and have a height difference between them. The guide frames are used to deflect the blank and assist in blank unloading.

[0007] Furthermore, the cutting auxiliary component also includes a support block, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the electric push rod. Two connecting rods are slidably connected to the support block in a staggered manner. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft end of the electric push rod. The output shaft end of the servo motor is facing upwards. A bearing block is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the servo motor. A support seat is rotatably connected to the top of the bearing block. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the support seat. A suction cup is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. Two torsion springs are symmetrically sleeved on the rotating shaft. The two ends of the torsion springs are fixedly connected to the support seat and the suction cup, respectively. An extension rod is slidably connected to the bearing block. A rack is fixedly connected to the side wall of the extension rod. A grinding seat is fixedly connected to the extension rod. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the bearing block. The output shaft end of the servo motor is facing downwards and fixedly connected to a gear. The gear and the rack mesh with each other. A support rod is fixedly connected to each side of the top of the fixed shaft of the electric push rod. The top ends of the two support rods are staggered vertically. Two guide frames are fixedly connected to the top ends of the corresponding support rods. Multiple rollers are rotatably connected to each of the two guide frames in a linear array.

[0008] Furthermore, the machine is equipped with a control system, and the electric push rod, servo motor one, and servo motor two are all electrically connected to the machine's control system.

[0009] Furthermore, the two connecting rods are perpendicular to each other, and each connecting rod is externally connected to a linear module. The linear modules are fixedly connected to the machine base, and the two linear modules are perpendicular to each other. The ends of the two connecting rods away from the linear modules are slidably connected to the machine base.

[0010] Furthermore, the suction cup adheres to the bottom surface of the workpiece, and the sandpaper and the grinding base are detachably connected via Velcro.

[0011] Furthermore, the two guide frames are on the same inclined plane.

[0012] A metal steel cutting process based on brake shoe production includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Placement of workpiece sheet and alignment of cutting auxiliary components: The operator places the workpiece sheet, which is used for brake shoe production, stably on the machine table. The machine control system drives the laser cutting head to move to the preset cutting position. At the same time, the control system controls the operation of two vertically distributed linear modules, which drive the corresponding connecting rods to move, change the position of the connecting rod intersection point, drive the support block and the entire cutting auxiliary components to move horizontally, and accurately position the suction cup at the bottom of the blank to be cut, thus completing the alignment preparation work before cutting.

[0014] Step 2, full-process adsorption support and fixation of blank laser cutting: After alignment, the control system starts the electric push rod, which extends its telescopic axis upward, driving the top suction cup to move upward until the suction cup tightly contacts and adsorbs the bottom surface of the blank. Throughout the entire process of the laser cutting head cutting the workpiece plate, gradually forming the groove and blank, the suction cup always maintains the adsorption support state, providing stable bottom support for the blank, effectively avoiding problems such as warping, displacement, and flipping of the blank, and ensuring the accuracy of the laser cutting trajectory;

[0015] Step 3, Grooving and blank post-grinding: The grinding process starts simultaneously with the cutting operation. The control system drives servo motor 1 and servo motor 2 to work together. Servo motor 2 drives the extension rod to slide through gear and rack, adjusting the distance between the grinding seat and the suction cup. Servo motor 1 drives the bearing block to rotate, adjusting the working angle of the grinding seat. The sandpaper, which is flush with the top surface of the suction cup, always follows the laser cutting head and moves along the groove and blank edge to grind, remove cutting waste, cut off the adhesive structure, optimize the flatness of the cutting section, and can adapt to the grinding needs of irregularly shaped blanks.

[0016] Step 4, Automatic Unloading of the Formed Blank: After a single blank is completely cut and shaped, the control system first drives the servo motor to reset, avoiding interference from the extension rod structure on the unloading path. Then, it controls the extension shaft of the electric push rod to retract, causing the blank to move down and detach from the cutting groove. During the downward movement, the blank comes into contact with the misaligned guide frame. Under the guidance of the inclined plane, the suction cup deflects around the rotating shaft and the torsion spring deforms. The continuously retracting electric push rod causes the suction cup to release from the blank. Finally, the blank rolls down through the roller on the guide frame and completes the automatic unloading from the gap in the machine. The torsion spring synchronously drives the suction cup to reset.

[0017] Further, in step five, the batch blank cutting process is completed by cyclic alignment: After the single blank is unloaded, the machine control system drives the connecting rod and the matching linear module to move, causing the cutting auxiliary components to move as a whole, so that the suction cup, grinding seat and other structures are aligned to the next area to be cut. The above set of processes of support and fixation, conformal grinding and automatic unloading are repeated to complete the cutting of all brake shoe blanks on the workpiece plate. After all the cutting is completed, the finished blanks on the machine are collected.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, the suction cup provides stable bottom support for the blank throughout the laser cutting process. Even if the connection between the blank and the workpiece plate is continuously reduced during the cutting process, the blank position can be firmly fixed, preventing abnormalities such as blank warping, flipping, and displacement. This ensures that the laser beam strictly follows the preset trajectory to complete the cutting process, guaranteeing that the outline shape of the brake shoe blank meets the design standards.

[0020] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, after the laser cutting process is completed, the suction cup and the guide frame work together to move the suction cup close to the cutting blank and move downward synchronously, actively peeling the formed blank from the cutting groove. This eliminates the secondary adhesion caused by high temperature residual heat, greatly reduces the difficulty of manual material handling, and makes the unloading process simple and smooth.

[0021] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, the matching grinding structure runs behind the laser cutting path, which can grind and trim the bottom surface of the cutting seam in real time, solving the problem of rough cross-section. Furthermore, the grinding structure can flexibly adjust the working angle and working range with the suction cup as the center, without being constrained by the shape contour of the cutting area, and can be adapted to the laser cutting of brake shoe blanks with various irregular structures.

[0022] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, the entire support, grinding, and unloading mechanism always moves lagging behind the laser cutting path, without blocking the light path or interfering with the main laser cutting process, ensuring the normal and stable operation of the core cutting operation. Each cutting area can cycle through the entire set of actions of material stabilization support, cross-section grinding, and automatic unloading. The processes are tightly connected and adapted to automated brake shoe blank laser cutting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the machine tool, workpiece plate, etc. of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the workpiece plate, grinding base, and other structures of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the groove, bearing block, and other structures of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point D;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the servo motor, extension rod, and other structures of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of point E in the middle.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 11. Machine base; 12. Laser cutting head; 13. Workpiece sheet; 14. Grooving; 15. Blank;

[0035] 21. Support block; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Electric push rod; 24. Servo motor one; 25. Bearing block; 26. Support base; 27. Rotating shaft; 28. Suction cup; 29. ​​Torsion spring; 210. Extension rod; 211. Rack; 212. Servo motor two; 213. Gear; 214. Grinding seat; 215. Sandpaper; 216. Support rod; 217. Guide frame; 218. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a metal steel cutting device and cutting process based on brake shoe production includes a machine base 11, a laser cutting head 12 installed on the machine base 11, a workpiece plate 13 placed on the machine base 11, and the laser cutting head 12 is used to cut grooves 14 from the workpiece plate 13, and the material cut off forms a blank 15.

[0039] The machine base 11 is equipped with a cutting auxiliary component, which is used to provide support and unload the blank 15, and to polish the blank 15 and the groove 14 during the cutting process;

[0040] The cutting auxiliary assembly includes an electric push rod 23. A gap exists between the bottom end of the electric push rod 23 and the machine base 11 to accommodate the unloaded blank 15. The electric push rod 23 can move freely on the horizontal plane of the machine base 11. The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 23 faces upwards, and a suction cup 28 is mounted on the telescopic shaft. The suction cup 28 can rotate horizontally and vertically on the electric push rod 23. The suction cup 28 is used to attract and support the blank 15. A grinding seat 214 is provided on the 23. A sandpaper 215 is detachably connected to the top of the grinding seat 214. The sandpaper 215 is flush with the top surface of the suction cup 28. The sandpaper 215 can be moved to grind along the edge of the blank 15. A guide frame 217 is provided on each side of the electric push rod 23. Both guide frames 217 are inclined and have a height difference between them. The guide frames 217 are used to push the blank 15 to deflect and assist the blank 15 in unloading.

[0041] The cutting auxiliary assembly also includes a support block 21, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the electric push rod 23. Two connecting rods 22 are slidably connected to the support block 21 in a staggered manner. A servo motor 24 is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft end of the electric push rod 23. The output shaft end of the servo motor 24 faces upwards and is fixedly connected to a bearing block 25. A support base 26 is rotatably connected to the top of the bearing block 25. A rotating shaft 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base 26. A suction cup 28 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 27. Two torsion springs 29 are symmetrically sleeved on the rotating shaft 27. The two ends of the torsion springs 29 are fixedly connected to the support base 26 and the suction cup 28, respectively. A sliding extension rod 210 is slidably connected to block 25. A rack 211 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the extension rod 210. A grinding seat 214 is fixedly connected to the extension rod 210. A servo motor 212 is fixedly connected to the bearing block 25. The output shaft end of the servo motor 212 faces downward and is fixedly connected to a gear 213. The gear 213 meshes with the rack 211. A support rod 216 is fixedly connected to each side of the top of the fixed shaft of the electric push rod 23. The top ends of the two support rods 216 are staggered vertically. Two guide frames 217 are fixedly connected to the top ends of the corresponding support rods 216. Multiple rollers 218 are rotatably connected to each of the two guide frames 217 in a linear array.

[0042] The machine base 11 is equipped with a control system. The laser cutting head 12 is mounted on the machine base 11 via a linear module as described in the prior art. Driven by the control system of the machine base 11, the laser cutting head 12 can move to any position on the machine base 11 to ensure that the laser cutting head 12 can adapt to different cutting positions on the workpiece plate 13.

[0043] Among them, the machine base 11 and the laser cutting head 12 are existing known technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Among them: workpiece plate 13 is the master material used for brake shoe production, and blank 15 is the material required for brake shoe production.

[0045] Wherein: two connecting rods 22 are distributed perpendicularly to each other, and each of the two connecting rods 22 is externally connected to a linear module. The linear modules are fixedly connected to the machine base 11. The two linear modules are distributed perpendicularly to each other, and the ends of the two connecting rods 22 away from the linear modules are slidably connected to the machine base 11.

[0046] Among them, electric push rod 23, servo motor 1 24, and servo motor 212 are all electrically connected to the control system of machine tool 11.

[0047] Among them, the suction cup 28 is adsorbed and fitted with the bottom surface of the blank 15.

[0048] Among them, the sandpaper 215 and the polishing base 214 are detachably connected by Velcro hooks.

[0049] Among them, the two guide frames 217 are on the same inclined plane.

[0050] In the initial state of the cutting auxiliary assembly, that is, before the workpiece plate 13 has been laser-cut, the states of each structure within the cutting auxiliary assembly are as follows:

[0051] The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 23 is fully retracted, the sandpaper 215 has not yet been installed on the grinding seat 214, the suction cup 28 has not yet deflected on the support seat 26, and the torsion spring 29 has not yet undergone elastic deformation.

[0052] When the cutting auxiliary component is running, that is, when the machine base 11 and the laser cutting head 12 need to perform laser cutting on the workpiece plate 13, the cutting auxiliary component operates as follows:

[0053] At this time, the user places the workpiece plate 13 on the machine table 11. Then, driven by the control system of the machine table 11, the laser cutting head 12 moves to the required position on the machine table 11 and cuts on the workpiece plate 13, so that the workpiece plate 13 is cut with groove 14.

[0054] During the cutting process of the laser cutting head 12 on the workpiece plate 13, the control system of the machine tool 11 drives the linear module corresponding to the connecting rod 22, so that the two linear modules drive the corresponding connecting rod 22 to move. As the two connecting rods 22 move respectively, the position of the intersection point of the two connecting rods 22 will change in real time. The support block 21 slides at the intersection point of the two connecting rods 22. That is, as the two connecting rods 22 move, the connecting rods 22 can drive the support block 21 to move horizontally on the machine tool 11. At this time, the support block 21 needs to be moved to the bottom position of the blank 15 to be cut.

[0055] When the support block 21 moves to the bottom position of the blank 15 to be cut, the connecting rod 22 stops moving, thus fixing the position of the support block 21. Then, driven by the control system of the machine tool 11, the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 23 extends, and the suction cup 28 moves upward along with the extension of the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 23 until the top of the suction cup 28 touches the bottom surface of the blank 15, so that the suction cup 28 is adsorbed on the bottom surface of the blank 15. At this time, the electric push rod 23 stops running, fixing the current adsorption state between the suction cup 28 and the blank 15.

[0056] It should be noted that during the process of cutting the blank 15, the suction cup 28 is always attached to the bottom of the blank 15, and the blank 15 is supported by the electric push rod 23 through the suction cup 28, providing a stable bottom support for the blank 15 and ensuring the stability of the blank 15 during the laser cutting process.

[0057] As the cutting of the blank 15 proceeds, the sandpaper 215 needs to be moved to the position between the groove 14 and the blank 15 to polish the groove 14 and the blank 15, as follows:

[0058] At this time, the control system drives the second servo motor 212 to run synchronously with the first servo motor 24. When the second servo motor 212 is running, the output shaft of the second servo motor 212 drives the gear 213 to rotate. During the rotation of the gear 213, the gear 213 drives the extension rod 210 to slide on the bearing block 25 by meshing with the rack 211. As the extension rod 210 moves, the grinding seat 214 will adjust the distance between itself and the suction cup 28.

[0059] During the operation of servo motor 24, the output shaft of servo motor 24 drives the bearing block 25 to rotate. At the same time, the bearing block 25 rotates and drives the grinding seat 214 to rotate synchronously through the extension rod 210, so that the grinding seat 214 can adjust the angle at the bottom of the blank 15.

[0060] It should be noted that when the suction cup 28 adsorbs the bottom surface of the blank 15, since the sandpaper 215 is flush with the top surface of the suction cup 28, the sandpaper 215 also comes into contact with the bottom surface of the workpiece plate 13.

[0061] In summary, as the servo motor 212 and servo motor 24 operate, the grinding base 214 can move and rotate at the bottom of the blank 15, and both movement and rotation can be adjusted independently. That is, the grinding base 214 can move along the bottom of the blank 15 and the edge of the groove 14. During the movement, the sandpaper 215 grinds the groove 14 and the blank 15 at the same time, grinding and breaking the waste material produced by laser cutting, and avoiding the adhesion of the groove 14 and the blank 15.

[0062] It should be noted that during the rotation of the bearing block 25, the bearing block 25 rotates synchronously at the bottom of the support base 26. At this time, the support base 26 is limited by the adsorption of the suction cup 28 and the blank 15. The rotation of the bearing block 25 cannot drive the support base 26 to rotate synchronously. Therefore, the rotation of the bearing block 25 will not interfere with the adsorption of the suction cup 28 and the blank 15.

[0063] It should be noted that the grinding position of the grinding base 214 on the groove 14 and the blank 15 is always located at the rear end of the cutting position of the laser cutting head 12 on the groove 14. The purpose is to avoid the laser cutting of the laser cutting head 12 from affecting the grinding base 214.

[0064] It should be noted that since the grinding base 214 can move and rotate at the bottom of the blank 15, and both movement and rotation can be adjusted independently, the movement trajectory of the grinding base 214 is not limited to a regular shape. When the groove 14 and the blank 15 are irregularly shaped, the grinding base 214 can adaptively adjust its position, thereby ensuring effective grinding of grooves 14 and blanks 15 of different shapes. It is particularly suitable for making blanks 15 required for brake shoes.

[0065] As laser cutting progresses, when the laser cutting head 12 has completely cut one groove 14, under the control of the machine tool 11, the laser cutting head 12 moves its position on the workpiece plate 13 to cut another groove 14 and the blank 15. At this time, the cut blank 15 needs to be unloaded to prevent it from remaining in the groove 14 for a long time, which could cause it to stick and affect detachment. The specific steps are as follows:

[0066] At this time, the control system drives the servo motor 24 to rotate to a position where the extension rod 210 is perpendicular to the two guide frames 217, so that the position of the extension rod 210 will not interfere with the unloading of the billet 15. Then, the control system of the machine tool 11 drives the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 23 to retract. As the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 23 retracts, the billet 15, which is attracted by the suction cup 28, is driven to move downward synchronously, so that the billet 15 moves down and gets out of the cutting groove 14. As the billet 15 moves down, when the bottom surface of the billet 15 touches the higher guide frame 217, under the guidance of the inclined surface of the guide frame 217, the billet 15 will drive the suction cup 28 to deflect in the inclined direction of the guide frame 217, so that the suction cup 28 rotates on the rotating shaft 27, and the torsion spring 29 generates elastic deformation. That is, at this time, the billet 15 rotates on the telescopic shaft end of the electric push rod 23 towards the lower guide frame 217 until the bottom surface of the billet 15 touches the lower guide frame 217.

[0067] At this time, as the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 23 continues to retract, the suction cup 28 is driven to continue moving downward, while the blank 15 is blocked by the guide frame 217, thus restricting its downward movement. Then, under the downward pulling force of the electric push rod 23, the suction cup 28 is pulled to release the adsorption relationship between itself and the blank 15. Then, under the elastic reset action of the torsion spring 29, the torsion spring 29 drives the suction cup 28 to rotate and reset. At this time, the bottom surface of the billet 15 abuts against the rollers 218 on the two guide frames 217. Under the guidance of the inclined surface of the guide frame 217 and the rolling action of the rollers 218, the billet 15 rolls on the two guide frames 217 due to the contact of the rollers 218, and moves downwards along the inclined surface of the guide frame 217 until the billet 15 falls onto the machine table 11. At this time, the billet 15 is located at the bottom of the support block 21. Since there is a gap between the bottom of the support block 21 and the machine table 11, the billet 15, which has been unloaded, will not interfere with the movement of the support block 21. The billet 15 unloaded at the bottom of the support block 21 stays on the machine table 11, waiting for all the billets 15 to be cut before being collected.

[0068] After the unloading of the blank 15 is completed, under the control of the machine tool 11 control system, the external linear module of the connecting rod 22 restarts, causing the suction cup 28 to move to the position where the laser cutting head 12 is cutting the workpiece plate 13, and repeats the above operation to support, grind, unload and perform other operations on the new blank 15 to be cut.

[0069] In summary, the following beneficial effects can be achieved through the design of the cutting auxiliary components:

[0070] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, the suction cup 28 provides stable bottom support for the blank 15 throughout the laser cutting process. Even if the connection between the blank 15 and the workpiece plate 13 is continuously reduced during the cutting process, the blank 15 can be firmly fixed in position, preventing abnormal situations such as warping, flipping, and wobbling of the blank 15. This ensures that the laser beam strictly follows the preset trajectory to complete the cutting process, guaranteeing that the outline shape of the brake shoe blank 15 meets the design standards.

[0071] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, after the laser cutting process is completed, with the cooperation and linkage of the suction cup 28 and the guide frame 217, the suction cup 28 moves downward in close contact with the cutting blank 15, actively peeling the formed blank 15 from the cutting groove 14, eliminating the secondary adhesion phenomenon caused by high temperature residual heat from the root, greatly reducing the difficulty of manual material handling, and making the unloading process simple and smooth.

[0072] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, the matching grinding structure follows the laser cutting path and runs in the rear, which can grind and repair the bottom surface of the cutting seam in real time, solving the problem of rough cross section. In addition, the grinding structure can flexibly adjust the working angle and working range with the suction cup 28 as the center, without being constrained by the shape contour of the cutting area, and can be adapted to the laser cutting operation of brake shoe blanks 15 with various irregular structures.

[0073] Through the design of the cutting auxiliary components, the entire support, grinding, and unloading mechanism always moves lagging behind the laser cutting path, without blocking the light path or interfering with the main laser cutting process, ensuring the normal and stable operation of the core cutting operation. Each cutting area can cycle through the entire set of actions of material stabilization support, cross-section grinding, and automatic unloading. The processes are tightly connected and coherent, making it suitable for automated laser cutting of brake shoe blanks.

[0074] Example 2:

[0075] A metal steel cutting process based on brake shoe production includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: Placement of workpiece plate 13 and alignment of cutting auxiliary components: The operator places the workpiece plate 13, which is used for brake shoe production, stably on the table of machine 11. The control system of machine 11 drives the laser cutting head 12 to move to the preset cutting position. At the same time, the control system controls the operation of two vertically distributed linear modules, which drives the corresponding connecting rods 22 to move, changes the position of the intersection of the connecting rods 22, and drives the support block 21 and the entire cutting auxiliary components to move horizontally, accurately positioning the suction cup 28 at the bottom of the blank 15 to be cut and forming, thus completing the alignment preparation work before cutting.

[0077] Step 2, the blank 15 is fixed by adsorption support throughout the laser cutting process: After the alignment is completed, the control system starts the electric push rod 23, which extends its telescopic axis upward, driving the top suction cup 28 to move upward until the suction cup 28 tightly contacts and adsorbs the bottom surface of the blank 15. Throughout the process of the laser cutting head 12 cutting the workpiece plate 13, gradually forming the groove 14 and the blank 15, the suction cup 28 always maintains the adsorption support state, providing stable bottom support for the blank 15, effectively avoiding problems such as warping, displacement, and flipping of the blank 15, and ensuring the accuracy of the laser cutting trajectory;

[0078] Step 3, groove 14 and blank 15 are then subjected to contour grinding and finishing: The grinding process is started simultaneously with the cutting operation. The control system drives servo motor 1 24 and servo motor 212 to work together. Servo motor 212 meshes with rack 211 through gear 213, driving extension rod 210 to slide and adjust the distance between grinding seat 214 and suction cup 28. Servo motor 1 24 drives the bearing block 25 to rotate, adjusting the working angle of grinding seat 214. The sandpaper 215, which is flush with the top surface of suction cup 28, always follows the laser cutting head 12 and moves contour grinding along the groove 14 and the edge of blank 15 to remove cutting waste, cut off the adhesive structure, optimize the flatness of the cutting section, and can adapt to the grinding needs of irregularly shaped blank 15.

[0079] Step 4, Automatic Unloading of the Formed Blank 15 by Guided Deflection: After the single blank 15 is completely cut and formed, the control system first drives the servo motor 24 to reset, avoiding interference from the structure of the extension rod 210 on the unloading path. Then, it controls the extension shaft of the electric push rod 23 to retract, driving the blank 15 to move down and get away from the cutting groove 14. During the downward movement, the blank 15 abuts against the misaligned guide frame 217. Under the guidance of the inclined plane, the suction cup 28 deflects around the rotating shaft 27 and the torsion spring 29 deforms. The continuously retracting electric push rod 23 causes the suction cup 28 to release from the blank 15. Finally, the blank 15 rolls down through the roller shaft 218 on the guide frame 217 and completes automatic unloading from the gap of the machine table 11. The torsion spring 29 synchronously drives the suction cup 28 to reset.

[0080] Further, in step five, the batch blank 15 is cut and processed in a cyclical alignment: After the single blank 15 is unloaded, the control system of the machine tool 11 drives the connecting rod 22 and the matching linear module to run again, which drives the cutting auxiliary components to move as a whole, so that the suction cup 28, the grinding seat 214 and other structures are aligned to the next area to be cut. The above-mentioned set of processes of support and fixation, conformal grinding and automatic unloading are repeated to complete the cutting and processing of all brake shoe blanks 15 on the workpiece plate 13 in a cyclical manner. After all the cutting is completed, the finished blanks 15 on the machine tool 11 are collected in a unified manner.

[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal steel cutting device based on brake shoe production, comprising a machine base (11), a laser cutting head (12) mounted on the machine base (11), a workpiece plate (13) placed on the machine base (11), the laser cutting head (12) being used to cut grooves (14) from the workpiece plate (13), the cut material forming a blank (15), characterized in that: The machine (11) is equipped with a cutting auxiliary component, which is used to provide support and unload the blank (15) and to grind the blank (15) and the groove (14) during the cutting process; The cutting auxiliary components include an electric push rod (23). A gap exists between the bottom end of the electric push rod (23) and the machine base (11) to accommodate the unloaded blank (15). The electric push rod (23) can move freely on the horizontal plane of the machine base (11). The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod (23) faces upwards. A suction cup (28) is mounted on the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod (23). The suction cup (28) can rotate horizontally and vertically on the electric push rod (23). The suction cup (28) is used to adsorb and support the blank (15). 3) A grinding seat (214) is provided on the top. Sandpaper (215) is detachably connected to the top of the grinding seat (214). The sandpaper (215) is flush with the top surface of the suction cup (28). The sandpaper (215) can be moved to grind along the edge of the blank (15). A guide frame (217) is provided on each side of the electric push rod (23). Both guide frames (217) are inclined. There is a height difference between the two guide frames (217). The guide frames (217) are used to push the blank (15) to deflect and assist the blank (15) to unload.

2. The metal steel cutting device based on brake shoe production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting auxiliary component also includes a support block (21), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the electric push rod (23). Two connecting rods (22) are slidably connected to the support block (21) in an offset manner. A servo motor (24) is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft end of the electric push rod (23). The output shaft end of the servo motor (24) faces upward. A bearing block (25) is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the servo motor (24). A support seat (26) is rotatably connected to the top of the support block (25). A rotating shaft (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the support seat (26). A suction cup (28) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (27). Two torsion springs (29) are symmetrically sleeved on the rotating shaft (27). The two ends of the torsion springs (29) are fixedly connected to the support seat (26) and the suction cup (28) respectively. An extension rod (210) is slidably connected to the bearing block (25). A rack (211) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the extension rod (210). A grinding seat (214) is fixedly connected to the extension rod (210). A servo motor (212) is fixedly connected to the bearing block (25). The output shaft of the servo motor (212) faces downward and is fixedly connected to a gear (213). The gear (213) meshes with the rack (211). A support rod (216) is fixedly connected to each side of the top of the fixed shaft of the electric push rod (23). The tops of the two support rods (216) are staggered vertically. Two guide frames (217) are fixedly connected to the tops of the corresponding support rods (216). Multiple rollers (218) are rotatably connected to each of the two guide frames (217) in a linear array.

3. The metal steel cutting device based on brake shoe production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The machine tool (11) is equipped with a control system. The electric push rod (23), servo motor one (24), and servo motor two (212) are all electrically connected to the control system of the machine tool (11).

4. A metal steel cutting device based on brake shoe production according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two connecting rods (22) are perpendicular to each other, and each connecting rod (22) is externally connected to a linear module. The linear modules are fixedly connected to the machine base (11). The two linear modules are perpendicular to each other, and the ends of the two connecting rods (22) away from the linear modules are slidably connected to the machine base (11).

5. A metal steel cutting device based on brake shoe production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction cup (28) adheres to the bottom surface of the blank (15), and the sandpaper (215) and the grinding seat (214) are detachably connected by Velcro.

6. The metal steel cutting device based on brake shoe production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two guide frames (217) are on the same inclined plane.

7. A metal steel cutting process based on brake shoe production, characterized in that: The application of the metal steel cutting device based on brake shoe production as described in claim 6 includes the following steps: Step 1: Placement of workpiece plate (13) and alignment of cutting auxiliary components: The operator places the workpiece plate (13) for brake shoe production on the table of machine (11) and drives the laser cutting head (12) to move to the preset cutting position through the machine (11) control system. At the same time, the control system controls the operation of two vertically distributed linear modules, which drives the corresponding connecting rod (22) to move, changes the position of the intersection of the connecting rod (22), drives the support block (21) and the overall cutting auxiliary components to move horizontally, and accurately positions the suction cup (28) at the bottom of the blank (15) to be cut, completing the alignment preparation work before cutting. Step 2, the blank (15) is fixed by adsorption support throughout the laser cutting process: After the alignment is completed, the control system starts the electric push rod (23) to extend its telescopic axis upward, driving the top suction cup (28) to move upward until the suction cup (28) tightly contacts and adsorbs the bottom surface of the blank (15). During the entire process of the laser cutting head (12) cutting the workpiece plate (13), gradually forming the groove (14) and the blank (15), the suction cup (28) always maintains the adsorption support state, providing stable bottom support for the blank (15), effectively avoiding problems such as warping, displacement, and flipping of the blank (15), and ensuring the accuracy of the laser cutting trajectory; Step 3, groove (14) and blank (15) are then ground and finished: The grinding process is started simultaneously with the cutting operation. The control system drives servo motor 1 (24) and servo motor 2 (212) to work together. Servo motor 2 (212) meshes with rack (211) through gear (213) to drive extension rod (210) to slide and adjust the distance between grinding seat (214) and suction cup (28). Servo motor 1 (24) drives the bearing block (25) to rotate and adjust the working angle of grinding seat (214). The sandpaper (215) flush with the top surface of suction cup (28) always follows the laser cutting head (12) and moves and grinds along the edge of groove (14) and blank (15) to remove cutting waste, cut off the adhesive structure, optimize the flatness of the cutting section, and adapt to the grinding needs of blank (15) with irregular structure. Step 4, Automatic unloading of the formed blank (15) by guide deflection: After the single blank (15) is completely cut and formed, the control system first drives the servo motor (24) to reset, avoiding interference of the extension rod (210) structure with the unloading path. Then, the control system controls the extension shaft of the electric push rod (23) to retract, driving the blank (15) to move down and get away from the cutting groove (14). During the downward movement, the blank (15) touches the guide frame (217) with high and low misalignment. Under the guidance of the inclined plane, the suction cup (28) is driven to deflect around the rotating shaft (27) and the torsion spring (29) is deformed. The continuously retracting electric push rod (23) causes the suction cup (28) to release the suction from the blank (15). Finally, the blank (15) rolls down through the roller shaft (218) on the guide frame (217) and completes automatic unloading from the gap of the machine (11). The torsion spring (29) drives the suction cup (28) to reset simultaneously.

8. The metal steel cutting process based on brake shoe production according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 5, complete batch blank (15) cutting process by cyclic alignment: After the single blank (15) is unloaded, the machine (11) control system drives the connecting rod (22) and the matching linear module to run again, driving the cutting auxiliary components to move as a whole, so that the suction cup (28), grinding seat (214) and other structures are aligned to the next area to be cut, repeating the above set of processes of support and fixation, conformal grinding and automatic unloading, and completing the cutting process of all brake shoe blanks (15) on the workpiece plate (13) in a cyclic manner. After all the cutting is completed, the finished blanks (15) on the machine (11) are collected in a unified manner.

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