Peeling tool suitable for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling

Abstract

The application relates to a stripping cutter suitable for removing glass in photovoltaic module recycling, which comprises a cutter disc body with multiple disc teeth uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, cutter heads covered and installed on the front tooth edge surfaces of the disc teeth, and a chip removal groove formed between two adjacent disc teeth. In one aspect, based on the limitation of the wedge angle and the effective cutting length, the layout of the stripping and chip removal grooves formed by the front and rear teeth of the tip is combined to perform glass stripping with the optimal wedge angle, reasonable cutting range and chip removal space. In another aspect, based on the interval formed by the first cutting edge and the chip removal groove and the second cutting edge being flush with the rear tooth edge surface of the disc tooth, the cutter head can provide the maximum stripping force under the minimum loss, so that the stripping is completed under the low loss of the cutter, that is, the cutter has a good service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cutting tool technology, specifically relating to a stripping tool suitable for glass removal in the recycling of photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules mainly consist of solar cells, glass layers, and junction boxes. The recycling method is basically as follows: first, remove the junction box, then remove the glass layers, and finally recycle the solar cells.

[0003] However, in glass removal, cutting methods (such as scraping, grinding, and milling) are used to peel off the glass layers. But for on-site recycling, not only cutting quality and efficiency need to be considered, but also the required layout space. This is especially true for double-glass modules, where the peeling tool used is crucial. Therefore, saw blades are often used. However, conventional saw blades have the following technical drawbacks:

[0004] 1) Because there is no technical correlation between the tilt angle formed by the cutting surface and the effective cutting length formed, the tool life is low and the cutting quality cannot meet the requirements of single-round and single-time peeling, that is, the glass residue rate is high.

[0005] 2) The cutting range formed by each blade tip is limited to the tooth tip, that is, the cutting area formed is limited. Therefore, multiple blades are required in one peeling operation, and the areas formed by multiple blades need to have a large degree of overlap. As a result, the blades are complex, and there is serious interference between the blade layouts, which is very unfavorable for the glass to be thrown out of the peeling area. At the same time, the broken glass remaining on the surface will also affect the cutting of other blades. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an improved stripping tool suitable for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A stripping cutter for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling includes a cutter body with multiple teeth evenly distributed circumferentially, and cutter heads covering and mounted on the front cutting surfaces of each tooth. Chip removal grooves are formed between adjacent teeth. Each cutter head extends outward along its length to form a first cutting surface and a second chipping surface intersecting at its tip. The tips are arranged in a ring array with the center of the cutter body as the center. The bottom of each chip removal groove is an arc shape with the center of the cutter body as the center. In the axial orthographic projection of the cutter body, the first... A cutting surface and a second chip surface intersect in a straight line to form a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. The angle between the first cutting edge and the line connecting the intersection point to the center of the cutter head body is θ, where 12°≤θ≤15°. The angle formed by the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge is δ, where 40°≤δ≤50°. The second cutting edge is flush with the back tooth cutting edge of the disc tooth. The length of the first cutting edge extending inward from the tip is L, and L<R1-R2, where R1 is the radius of the ring where the tip is located, and R2 is the radius corresponding to the bottom of the chip removal groove.

[0009] Preferably, on any diameter of the ring containing the tip, the two first cutting edges are parallel to each other and located on opposite sides of that diameter. This arrangement, based on maintaining equal included angles while being staggered on both sides, ensures high-precision assembly of each cutter head and disc tooth, thereby improving the stripping performance of the guide.

[0010] According to a specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the invention, the vertical distance from the inner end of the first cutting edge to the chip removal groove is D, where D = sinθ × L / cosδ. Based on the length and angle limitations of the cutting edge, combined with the vertical distance limitation of the chip removal groove, an optimal effective chip length is formed.

[0011] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the first cutting edge extends straight from the inner end along the tangent direction of the ring with the center of the cutter head body as the center and the inner end point as the tangent direction to form the third cutting edge; further, the third cutting edge forms an angle of 2θ with the second cutting edge, thereby further limiting the angle δ formed by the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge to improve the angle and force of the formed wedge.

[0012] Preferably, the third cutting edge has its midpoint at the intersection with the front tooth cutting surface, and the length of the third cutting edge protruding from the front tooth cutting surface is equal to the length of the third cutting edge covering the disc tooth.

[0013] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the invention, a chip removal space is formed between the first cutting surface and the rear tooth cutting surface of the adjacent disc teeth. In any annular circle centered on the center of the cutter head body, passing through the chip removal groove, disc teeth, and cutter head, the arc length occupied by the chip removal space is greater than the sum of the arc lengths formed by the disc teeth and the cutter head. Since the width of the chip removal space is greater than the width of the cutting teeth, the generated chips are relatively collected in the chip removal space, reducing cutting interference between adjacent tools.

[0014] Preferably, the cutting edge protrudes from opposite sides of the front tooth cutting face to form a covering edge, and the thickness of the covering edge on both sides is equal. In this way, the cutting tool itself does not have a front and back side, which greatly enhances its practicality.

[0015] Furthermore, the covering edge is 1 / 5 to 1 / 6 of the thickness of the cutter head body.

[0016] In addition, stress lines and / or noise reduction lines are formed on the cutter head body. These stress lines and noise reduction lines are components for stress relief and noise reduction (optional).

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the cutter head and the cutter disc body are made of different materials and are welded together. Specifically, the cutter disc body is made of 75Cr1 (cold work tool steel), which can be replaced by other tool steels, while the cutter head is made of diamond or cemented carbide.

[0018] The cutter head body does not deform when subjected to cutting force and high-speed rotation (that is, it can withstand high-intensity rotation and chip force without deformation), so the parallelism of the base material does not need to be changed to achieve ±0.015mm; the tooth surface runout of the cutting teeth formed by the cutter head and the cutter head body is ±0.01mm.

[0019] Due to the implementation of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] Existing peeling tools suffer from low tool life and insufficient cutting quality due to the lack of technical correlation between the tilt angle formed by the cutting surface and the effective cutting length. This results in a high glass residue rate because the cutting quality is unsuitable for single-round, one-time peeling. Furthermore, the cutting range of each tool tip is limited to the tooth tip, resulting in a limited cutting area. Consequently, multiple tools are required for a single peeling operation, and the areas formed by these tools need significant overlap, leading to a complex tool layout and severe interference between them. This hinders the removal of glass from the peeling zone, and the remaining glass fragments on the surface also affect the cutting of other tools. This invention addresses these shortcomings by comprehensively designing the peeling tool's structure. After the glass is removed, the cutter head rotates around its own axis, causing the cutter head mounted on the front tooth surface of each disc tooth to form a cutting and peeling action. The peeled debris is collected in the chip removal groove and discharged with the continuous cutting, thus completing the glass removal. Therefore, this invention, on the one hand, is based on the limitations of the wedge angle and effective cutting length, combined with the layout of the front and rear teeth of the tip to form peeling and chip removal grooves, to achieve glass peeling with the optimal wedge angle, reasonable cutting range and chip removal space; on the other hand, based on the interval formed by the first cutting edge and the chip removal groove (the space formed by R1-R2), and the fact that the second cutting edge is flush with the rear tooth cutting surface of the disc tooth, the cutter head can provide the maximum peeling force (including the centripetal force formed by the contact, squeezing and rotation between the glass) with minimal wear, thereby completing the peeling with low tool wear, that is, the tool has a good service life. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stripping tool used for glass removal in the recycling of photovoltaic modules according to this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of a local structure;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front view diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A left-view diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of sectional view along line AA;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of a local structure;

[0027] Wherein: 1. Cutter head body; 1a. Disc teeth; 10a. Front tooth cutting face; 10b. Back tooth cutting face; 1b. Chip removal groove;

[0028] 2. Cutting head; 20. Covering edge; 2a. First cutting surface; 2b. Second chip surface. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling in this embodiment includes a cutter body 1 with multiple teeth 1a evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a cutter head 2 covering and installed on the front tooth cutting surface 10a of each tooth 1a.

[0036] Specifically, the cutter head 2 and the cutter head body 1 are made of different materials and are welded together. In this example, the cutter head body 1 is made of 75Cr1 (cold work tool steel), which can be replaced by other tool steels. The cutter head 2 is made of diamond or cemented carbide. Meanwhile, the cutter head body 1 does not deform under cutting forces and high-speed rotation (that is, it can withstand high-intensity rotation and chip forces without deformation). Therefore, the parallelism of the base material does not need to be changed to achieve ±0.015mm; the tooth surface runout of the cutting teeth formed by the cutter head and the cutter head body is ±0.01mm.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, the cutter head 2 extends from opposite sides of the front tooth cutting surface 10a to form a covering edge 20, and the thickness of the covering edge 20 on both sides is equal. This eliminates the distinction between a front and back side for the cutter itself, enhancing its practicality. The covering edge 20 is 1 / 5 to 1 / 6 of the thickness of the cutter head body 1. Generally, the cutter head body 1 is approximately 2.5 mm thick, the covering edge 20 is 0.5 mm thick, and the cutter head 2 is 3.5 mm thick. Simultaneously, stress lines and / or noise reduction lines are formed on the cutter head body 1. These stress lines and noise reduction lines are for stress relief and noise reduction (optional).

[0038] In this example, a chip removal groove 1b is formed between two adjacent disc teeth 1a. Each cutter head 2 extends outward along its own length direction to form a first cutting surface 2a and a second chip surface 2b that intersect at the tip. Each tip is arranged in a ring array with the center of the cutter head body 1 as the center. The bottom of each chip removal groove 1b is an arc shape with the center of the cutter head body 1 as the center.

[0039] Specifically, in the axial orthogonal projection of the cutter head body 1, the first cutting surface 2a and the second chip surface 2b intersect in a straight line to form the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge. The angle between the first cutting edge and the line connecting the intersection point to the center of the cutter head body is θ, where 12°≤θ≤15°. The angle formed by the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge is δ, where 40°≤δ≤50°. The second cutting edge is flush with the back tooth cutting edge of the disc tooth. The length of the first cutting edge extending inward from the tip is L, and L<R1-R2, where R1 is the radius of the ring where the tip is located, and R2 is the radius corresponding to the bottom of the chip removal groove.

[0040] In some specific embodiments, two first cutting edges are parallel to each other and located on opposite sides of any diameter of the ring containing the tip. This parallelism maintains equal included angles, and the staggered arrangement on both sides ensures high-precision assembly of each cutter head and the disc teeth, thereby improving the stripping performance of the guide. The vertical distance from the inner end of the first cutting edge to the chip groove is D, where D = sinθ × L / cosδ. Based on the length and angle limitations of the cutting edges, combined with the vertical distance limitation of the chip groove, an optimal effective chip length is achieved.

[0041] In this example, the first cutting edge extends from the inner end along the tangent direction of the circle centered on the center of the cutter head body 1 and containing the inner end point to form the third cutting edge. Furthermore, the third cutting edge forms an angle of 2θ with the second cutting edge, thus further limiting the angle δ formed by the first and second cutting edges to improve the wedging angle and force. The third cutting edge protrudes from the front tooth cutting edge at its midpoint and its length covering the disc tooth is equal to the length of the intersection with the front tooth cutting edge.

[0042] Furthermore, a chip removal space is formed between the first cutting surface 2a and the rear tooth cutting surface 10b of the adjacent disc tooth. In any annular circle centered on the center of the cutter head body 1, passing through the chip removal groove, disc tooth, and cutter head, the arc length occupied by the chip removal space is greater than the sum of the arc lengths formed by the disc tooth and the cutter head. Since the width of the chip removal space is greater than the width of the cutting tooth, the generated chips are relatively collected in the chip removal space, reducing cutting interference between adjacent tools.

[0043] In summary, by employing this stripping tool, the cutter head rotates around its own axis, causing the cutter head mounted on the front tooth surface of each disc tooth to perform cutting and stripping. The stripped debris is collected in the chip removal groove and discharged with the continuous cutting, thus completing the glass removal. Therefore, this invention, on the one hand, is based on the limitations of the wedge angle and effective cutting length, combined with the layout of the front and rear teeth of the tip forming the stripping and chip removal grooves, to achieve glass stripping with the optimal wedge angle, reasonable cutting range, and chip removal space. On the other hand, based on the interval formed by the first cutting edge and the chip removal groove (the space formed by R1-R2), and the fact that the second cutting edge is flush with the rear tooth cutting surface of the disc tooth, the cutter head can provide the maximum stripping force (including the centripetal force formed by the contact, squeezing, and rotation between the glass) with minimal wear, thereby completing the stripping with low tool wear, that is, the tool has a good service life.

[0044] Based on the aforementioned cutting tools, the following samples were assembled and tested for comparison. The results are as follows:

[0045] Sample 1: Outer diameter: 300mm; Tooth width: 3.5mm; Inner diameter: 30mm; Number of teeth: 60Z; Matrix thickness: 2.6mm; θ=12.66°; δ=48.75°; L=5.0mm; R1=150mm; R2=142mm; D=1.7mm (approximately); Matrix material grade: 75cr1; Tip material: PCD composite sheet 302D; Matrix hardness: HRC46 / 48;

[0046] Sample 2: Outer diameter: 300mm; Tooth width: 3.5mm; Inner diameter: 30mm; Number of teeth: 60Z; Base thickness: 2.6mm; θ=13.99°; δ=40.05°; L=5.0mm; R1=150mm; R2=142mm; D=1.6mm (approximately); Base material grade: 75cr1; Tip material: PCD composite sheet 302D; Base hardness: HRC46 / 48;

[0047] Sample 3: Outer diameter: 300mm; Tooth width: 4.5mm; Inner diameter: 30mm; Number of teeth: 60Z; Matrix thickness: 2.6mm; θ=16.86°; δ=52.5°; L=5.0mm; R1=150mm; R2=142mm; D=2.6mm (approximately); Matrix material grade: 75cr1; Tip material: PCD composite sheet 302D; Matrix hardness: HRC46 / 48;

[0048] Sample 4: Outer diameter: 300mm; Tooth width: 2.5mm; Inner diameter: 30mm; Number of teeth: 60Z; Matrix thickness: 2.6mm; θ=10.86°; δ=37.5°; L=5.0mm; R1=150mm; R2=142mm; D=1.2mm (approximately); Matrix material grade: 75cr1; Tip material: PCD composite sheet 302D; Matrix hardness: HRC46 / 48.

[0049]

[0050] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that after adopting the angle and size limitations of samples 1 and 2 involved in this embodiment, the peeling force provided by samples 1 and 2 during the glass peeling process is slightly less than that of samples 3 and 4, but the peeling force provided is sufficient to peel the glass. At the same time, the resulting matrix runout is within 0.03 mm; the allowed rotation speed exceeds 6000 rpm; the tooth surface runout is ±0.01 mm; and the continuous peeling quantity (number of peeling components) exceeds 5000 pieces.

[0051] The present invention has been described in detail above, with the aim of enabling those skilled in the art to understand and implement the invention. However, this description should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A stripping cutter for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling, comprising a cutter body with a plurality of teeth evenly distributed circumferentially, a cutter head covering and mounted on the front cutting edge of each of the teeth, and a chip removal groove formed between two adjacent teeth, characterized in that: Each of the cutting heads extends outward along its own length to form a first cutting surface and a second chipping surface that intersect at its tip. Each of the tips is arranged in a ring array with the center of the cutter head body as the center. The bottom of each chip removal groove is an arc shape with the center of the cutter head body as the center. In the axial orthogonal projection of the cutter head body, the first cutting surface and the second chipping surface intersect in a straight line to form a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. The angle between the first cutting edge and the line connecting the intersection point to the center of the cutter head body is θ, where 12°≤θ≤15°. The angle formed by the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge is δ, where 40°≤δ≤50°. The second cutting edge is flush with the back tooth cutting edge of the disc tooth. The length of the first cutting edge extending inward from the tip is L, and L<R1-R2, where R1 is the radius of the ring where the tip is located, and R2 is the radius corresponding to the bottom of the chip removal groove.

2. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Located on any diameter of the ring containing the tip, the two first tangential edges are parallel to each other and located on opposite sides of that diameter.

3. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance from the inner end of the first cutting edge to the chip removal groove is D, where D = sinθ × L / cosδ.

4. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cutting edge extends from the inner end along the tangent direction of the circle with the center of the cutter head body as the center and the inner end point as the tangent direction to form the third cutting edge; the third cutting edge forms an angle of 2θ with the second cutting edge.

5. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third cutting edge extends out of the front tooth cutting surface at its midpoint and its length covering the disc tooth is equal to the length of the intersection point with the front tooth cutting surface.

6. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chip removal space is formed between the first cutting surface and the rear tooth cutting surface of the adjacent disc tooth. In any annular circle centered on the center of the cutter head, passing through the chip removal groove, the disc tooth, and the cutter head, the arc length occupied by the chip removal space is greater than the sum of the arc lengths formed by the disc tooth and the cutter head.

7. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting head extends from opposite sides of the front tooth cutting surface to form a covering edge, and the thickness of the covering edge on both sides is equal.

8. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The covering edge is 1 / 5 to 1 / 6 of the thickness of the cutter head body.

9. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Stress lines and / or noise reduction lines are formed on the cutter head body.

10. The stripping tool for glass removal in photovoltaic module recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting head and the cutter head body are made of different materials and are welded together; and / or, the parallelism of the cutter head body itself in the thickness direction is ±0.015mm; and / or, the runout of the cutting teeth formed by the cutting head and the cutter head body is ±0.01mm.

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