A tire high-temperature high-pressure synergistic vulcanization method, system, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tire vulcanization control, and particularly relates to a tire high-temperature and high-pressure collaborative vulcanization method, system, storage medium and program product. The method obtains reference process parameters and threshold values, establishes a linkage relationship among initial vulcanization pressure, internal temperature steam pressure and steam admission time, and realizes "pressure increase-time compression" collaboration through equivalent heat input index and tolerance constraints; after mold closing, the pressure is increased to densification under the condition that the pressure increase rate is limited; the internal and external temperature difference and its change rate are calculated in real time during the steam admission stage, and when the threshold value is met and sustained, the steam admission is stopped; when the temperature difference is out of limit and improvement is slow, condensate is discharged and the steam admission is resumed; after the steam admission is stopped, the vulcanization is completed by maintaining the post-pressure. The scheme can shorten the vulcanization cycle, reduce energy consumption, and improve the vulcanization uniformity and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tire vulcanization control technology, and in particular to a method, system, storage medium, and program product for high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization of tires. Background Technology

[0002] Tire vulcanization is a key process in tire manufacturing. Its purpose is to allow the various components of the tire carcass (tread, sidewall, belt layers, carcass ply, bead, etc.) to undergo a cross-linking reaction and complete shaping under the combined effects of temperature, pressure, and time, resulting in a finished tire that meets comprehensive performance requirements such as wear resistance, durability, rolling resistance, and handling. Current tire vulcanization methods typically employ a combination of external and internal temperature heating and external and internal pressure molding. The external temperature side is provided by mold steam / heat transfer oil / electric heating, while the internal temperature side is provided by steam, superheated water, or inert gas (such as nitrogen) circulated into the vulcanizing bladder (also known as the bladder body or inner tube), simultaneously creating internal pressure. Due to factors such as uneven tire cross-sectional thickness, differences in material thermal conductivity, and uneven mold heat dissipation, the vulcanization process naturally presents internal and external temperature differences and varying temperature rise rates between thick and thin sections. To ensure sufficient vulcanization in thicker areas, production often employs extended vulcanization time or increased temperature / pressure as a safety margin. However, this practice can easily lead to over-vulcanization in thin sections or near the heat source, resulting in excessive cross-linking of the rubber network, decreased elasticity, increased fatigue heat generation, and accelerated crack propagation, which in turn affects tire durability and service life. At the same time, extending the cycle can also lead to problems such as increased energy consumption and decreased production capacity.

[0003] On the other hand, the pressure and rubber flow state of the tire carcass at the moment of mold closing during the initial vulcanization directly affect the filling of the tread pattern, venting and drainage, and molding stability. If the initial molding pressure is too low or the build-up speed is too slow, the tread rubber may not be able to fully adhere to the mold pattern details in a short time, resulting in defects such as underfilling, air bubbles, missing rubber, and unclear patterns. If the initial pressure is too high or the pressure rises too quickly, it may induce deformation risks such as local wrinkles, cord displacement, and belt layer shear slip in the tire carcass, especially when pursuing high-temperature, high-pressure, and short-cycle processes. In addition, condensation water is easily generated in the vulcanizing medium in the bladder circuit or moisture enters during non-vulcanization periods. The presence of moisture will change the local heat transfer boundary conditions, causing uneven heat input, temperature plateau drift, and decreased vulcanization uniformity. In severe cases, it can cause a contradictory state of under-vulcanization / over-vulcanization. Therefore, moisture management such as condensation removal, vacuuming, and nitrogen replacement has gradually become an important part of vulcanization control.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, various vulcanization processes and control schemes have been proposed in the existing technology. For example, Chinese patent CN1522843A proposes a tire vulcanization process. The idea is to introduce a high-temperature medium during the vulcanization induction period, and during the pre-vulcanization stage, intermittently introduce the high-temperature medium to keep the temperature inside the tire bladder fluctuating within a certain range. During the active vulcanization stage, while maintaining a relatively constant pressure, the high-temperature medium is no longer continuously supplied, thereby achieving energy savings and shortening the vulcanization time. This document provides specific implementation methods, such as introducing approximately 220°C high-temperature steam for about 2 minutes during the induction period, intermittently circulating superheated water during the pre-vulcanization stage to keep the temperature fluctuating around a set value, and ceasing the introduction of steam or superheated water during the active vulcanization stage while maintaining pressure to complete the vulcanization. It claims that this can shorten the total vulcanization time and increase tire mileage. The advantage of this scheme is that it attempts to reduce energy consumption and shorten the cycle from the perspective of heating method and heating sequence. However, its control logic is still based on preset stages and fixed durations, and mainly revolves around temperature curves / heating strategies. It lacks specific constraints on the establishment law of molding pressure in the early stage of vulcanization, the rigid coupling relationship between steam pressure and steam inlet time, and the closed-loop switching conditions based on internal and external temperature differences. It is difficult to simultaneously take into account molding stability and vulcanization uniformity under high temperature, high pressure and short cycle conditions.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent CN115674514A discloses a tire variable pressure vulcanization process and vulcanization system, which uses heated inert gas to shape and preheat the tire blank, and divides the vulcanization process into multiple stages: the first stage is to maintain a low pressure and a high temperature for a short time so that the rubber compound contacts the mold under low pressure and softens initially; the second stage is to gradually increase the pressure of the inert gas in the bladder to a higher range; and the third stage is to maintain the maximum pressure until the vulcanization is completed, so as to reduce vulcanization defects and improve the pass rate. This scheme emphasizes the role of staged pressure trajectory in defect suppression, which can improve the defect risk caused by insufficient bonding at the moment of mold closing and insufficient pressure in the later stage to a certain extent. However, its main medium is heated inert gas, and the pressure stage switching is still mainly based on preset programs. For the synergistic constraints of increasing steam pressure and shortening steam inlet time when using steam as the internal heat source, as well as the problems of abnormal heat exchange and imbalance of internal and external temperature caused by condensate, there is still a lack of real-time judgment and triggering actions that match the process objectives. Especially when the objectives are to shorten the steam inlet time and ensure wear resistance and uniform vulcanization, there may still be contradictions such as insufficient heat input leading to under-sulfurization or local heat concentration leading to over-sulfurization.

[0006] For example, Chinese patent CN117719196A proposes a method for controlling the external and internal temperatures during tire electro-vulcanization. This method uses a PLC to dynamically modify the external temperature setpoint during mold opening and closing to compensate for heat loss during mold opening. During each loading of the green tire, a nitrogen-filling and vacuuming cycle is used to remove moisture entering the bladder. Simultaneously, during vulcanization, the PLC automatically controls multiple condensation removal processes to eliminate water from inside the bladder. This solution highlights the management of moisture entry during non-vulcanization periods and condensation removal during vulcanization, which is significant for improving the internal temperature stability under electro-vulcanization conditions. However, its condensation removal strategy is mostly a programmed control based on the number of times / time intervals, lacking a closed-loop triggering mechanism coupled with the internal and external temperature difference, temperature difference convergence state, or temperature difference change trend. Therefore, under operating disturbances (such as fluctuations in steam quality, sudden changes in condensate volume, and differences in mold heat dissipation), heat input fluctuations may still occur due to untimely or excessive condensation removal. Furthermore, this scheme focuses more on the dynamic correction of the external temperature setpoint and the replacement drainage process. It still lacks a coordinated control structure consistent with the high temperature, high pressure and short cycle target in terms of the coupling constraint of steam pressure and steam inlet duration, and the suppression of deformation risk by the initial pressure rise rate of sulfidation.

[0007] In summary, while existing technologies have improved the tire vulcanization process from the perspectives of intermittent heat replenishment, staged pressurization and drainage / condensation control, and adjustment of external and internal temperature setpoints, achieving certain results in energy saving, shortening cycle time, reducing defects, and improving vulcanization stability, they still have several shortcomings when facing the industrial demands of high-temperature, high-pressure, short-cycle vulcanization: First, internal temperature steam pressure, steam inlet time, and initial vulcanization pressure are often set separately or only empirically linked, lacking verifiable coupling constraints, which makes it easy to slip into conventional parameter adjustments during pressurization and compression; Second, the convergence state of the internal and external temperature difference and the heat exchange anomalies caused by condensation are often handled with fixed procedures, lacking closed-loop control logic that uses the temperature difference level and trend to trigger key actions such as stopping steam inlet / draining condensation / recovery; Third, while pursuing short cycles, the initial pressurization rate and process boundaries of the molding and densification stage are not sufficiently constrained, posing risks of deformation and quality fluctuations. Therefore, it is still necessary to propose a vulcanization method and system that can achieve coordinated control of internal steam pressure, steam inlet time and initial vulcanization pressure under high temperature and high pressure conditions, while taking into account temperature difference balance and moisture management, so as to improve vulcanization uniformity and reduce defect risk while shortening the vulcanization cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical objective of this invention is to address the problem that in existing tire vulcanization processes, the internal temperature steam pressure, steam inlet time, and initial vulcanization pressure are usually set separately based on experience, making it difficult to shorten the vulcanization cycle while simultaneously ensuring stable tire blank forming, balanced internal and external temperature fields, and condensate removal. This invention provides a method, system, storage medium, and program product for high-temperature, high-pressure synergistic vulcanization of tires. Through three-parameter linkage control, equivalent heat input constraint, speed-limited pressure increase, internal and external temperature difference convergence and steam inlet stoppage, and temperature difference stagnation triggering condensate removal, synergistic control of heat input and forming pressure is achieved under high-temperature, high-pressure, short-cycle vulcanization conditions.

[0009] Firstly, in order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization of tires includes the following steps:

[0011] S1, obtain the reference internal temperature steam pressure, reference steam inlet time, reference initial sulfidation pressure, maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, maximum pressure rise rate threshold and temperature difference change rate threshold;

[0012] S2, establish three-parameter linkage control, generate target initial vulcanization pressure, target internal temperature steam pressure and target steam inlet time, so that the target internal temperature steam pressure increases with the increase of the target initial vulcanization pressure, and the product of the target internal temperature steam pressure and the target steam inlet time is not more than the preset relative deviation threshold relative to the product of the reference internal temperature steam pressure and the reference steam inlet time.

[0013] S3, after mold closing, the pressure is increased to the target vulcanization initial pressure at a rate not exceeding the maximum pressure increase rate threshold, and the pressure is maintained for densification. After the pressure is maintained, the steam inlet stage is entered.

[0014] S4, steam is introduced according to the target internal temperature steam pressure, the internal temperature of the tire and the external temperature of the mold are collected, and the internal and external temperature difference and the rate of change of the temperature difference are obtained; when the internal and external temperature difference is not greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold and continues for a preset time, steam is stopped; when the internal and external temperature difference is greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, and the rate of change of the temperature difference is not greater than the rate of change of the temperature difference threshold and continues for a preset time, condensation is triggered, steam is resumed after condensation is completed, and the internal and external temperature difference is re-evaluated.

[0015] S5, after the steam supply is terminated, the pressure inside the vulcanizing capsule is regulated and maintained at the subsequent pressure using a non-steam pressure-holding medium, and the subsequent pressure holding continues until the vulcanization is completed.

[0016] As a further improvement, in step S2, the target initial vulcanization pressure is formed by supplying an inert gas, namely nitrogen; the target initial vulcanization pressure is the forming pressure inside the capsule after mold closing and before entering the steam supply.

[0017] As a further improvement, in step S2, the three-parameter linkage control includes a pressure linkage coefficient, which is a dimensionless coefficient and greater than 0, so that the target internal temperature steam pressure increases synchronously when the target initial vulcanization pressure increases.

[0018] As a further improvement, in step S2, the equivalent heat input constraint is: the deviation of the product of the target internal temperature steam pressure and the target steam inlet time from the product of the reference internal temperature steam pressure and the reference steam inlet time does not exceed a preset relative deviation threshold; the relative deviation threshold is 0.01 to 0.20.

[0019] And / or, in step S2, the initial pressure increment of the target vulcanization initial pressure relative to the reference vulcanization initial pressure is 0.02 MPa to 0.20 MPa.

[0020] As a further improvement, in step S3, the initial holding time for the pressure-holding densification is 10s to 120s; and the maximum pressure increase rate threshold is 0.01MPa / s to 0.20MPa / s.

[0021] As a further improvement, in step S4, the convergence criterion for the internal and external temperature difference is: the internal and external temperature difference between the inner temperature of the tire and the outer temperature of the mold is not greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, and lasts for 10s to 90s; the sluggish temperature difference criterion is: the internal and external temperature difference is greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, and the rate of change of the temperature difference is not greater than the rate of change of the temperature difference threshold, and lasts for 5s to 60s; the duration of the condensation removal is 0.5s to 10s.

[0022] As a further improvement, in step S5, the subsequent holding pressure is not lower than the target initial vulcanization pressure, and the subsequent holding pressure is maintained by an inert gas or a non-steam holding medium, so that the vulcanization stage maintains the molding pressure without introducing additional steam heat input.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention also provides a high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization system for performing the method, the system comprising: an internal temperature steam supply module for supplying steam to the vulcanizing capsule and adjusting the target internal temperature steam pressure; an initial pressure supply module for supplying inert gas to the vulcanizing capsule after mold closing to form the target initial vulcanization pressure; a condensate removal module, including a condensate removal valve, for performing condensate removal actions; a temperature acquisition module for acquiring the internal temperature characterization temperature of the tire and the external temperature characterization temperature of the mold, and obtaining the internal and external temperature difference and the rate of change of the temperature difference; a pressure acquisition module for acquiring the pressure inside the capsule and limiting the rate of pressure increase; and a controller, communicatively connected to the above modules, the controller being configured to execute steps S1 to S5, and triggering the shutdown of steam supply and condensate removal based on the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, the duration of continuous temperature difference satisfaction, the temperature difference change rate threshold, and the duration of condensate removal triggering.

[0024] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method.

[0025] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method.

[0026] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: By linking the initial vulcanization pressure, internal steam pressure, and steam inlet time, and using equivalent heat input constraints to limit the relationship between pressure increase and time reduction, the steam inlet time can be shortened accordingly when the internal steam pressure increases. This avoids local over-vulcanization caused by simply increasing the steam pressure, and also avoids under-vulcanization in thicker areas caused by blindly shortening the inlet time. By limiting the speed of pressure increase and performing initial pressure holding after mold closing, the tire blank completes molding, densification, and preliminary stabilization before entering the high-pressure short-time steam inlet, reducing the risk of tire blank wrinkles, cord displacement, interlayer slippage, and tread pattern underfill. By collecting the tire internal temperature and mold external temperature in real time during the steam inlet stage, and triggering the steam inlet stop based on the convergence state of the internal and external temperature difference, the timing of the steam inlet stop can be changed from fixed time control to temperature field state control, improving vulcanization uniformity. By triggering condensation removal when the internal and external temperature difference exceeds the limit and the temperature difference improvement is slow, and resuming steam inlet after condensation removal, the condensate in the capsule circuit can be removed in time, improving the steam heat exchange boundary and reducing the coexistence of over-vulcanization and under-vulcanization caused by abnormal heat exchange. Therefore, this invention can shorten the total vulcanization cycle, reduce steam consumption and appearance defect rate, and improve crosslinking density consistency, wear resistance and batch stability while ensuring the stability of key physical properties such as tensile strength, tear resistance and rebound. It is suitable for efficient and stable vulcanization control in tire production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization method of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the three-parameter linkage and the equivalent heat input index constraint.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the criteria for stopping steam intake when the internal and external temperature differences converge.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the criterion for triggering condensation removal based on temperature difference stagnation and the timing of condensation removal actions.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the pressure trajectory and pressurization rate limitation within the capsule.

[0033] Figure 7 Internal and external temperature difference for examples and comparative examples A comparison graph showing how things change over time.

[0034] Figure 8 The capsule internal pressure in the example A timing diagram superimposed with the states of the steam inlet valve and the condensate drain valve.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of wear resistance performance.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a comparison chart showing the uniformity of vulcanization. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] I. Terminology Explanation

[0039] Vulcanizing capsule: An elastic capsule placed inside the vulcanizing mold that applies pressure to the inner surface of the tire blank and transfers internal heat during the vulcanization process.

[0040] Internal temperature steam pressure During the steam inlet stage, the target pressure setting value of the steam medium in the vulcanizing capsule circuit is used to provide internal heat input and maintain molding pressure.

[0041] Steam inlet time The duration for which the steam inlet valve is open and continuously supplies steam, up to Trigger the closure of the steam inlet valve to terminate the steam supply.

[0042] Initial pressure of vulcanization The molding pressure established within the capsule by inert gas or pre-compression medium after mold closing and before steam supply is used for densification, shaping, and suppressing initial defects.

[0043] Pressure-Time Equivalent Heat Input Index Used to and The index of rigid coupling is defined as follows: It is used to constrain the boost-contraction coordination relationship.

[0044] Internal temperature characterizes temperature The measured value characterizing the temperature inside the tire or the bladder circuit can be obtained by a bladder circuit temperature sensor or a tire-in-place temperature probe.

[0045] External temperature characterization temperature : The measured value characterizing the temperature of the mold / hot plate side can be obtained from the mold temperature sensor or the hot plate circuit temperature sensor.

[0046] Temperature difference between inside and outside :Depend on and The calculated temperature difference is used to measure the uniformity of vulcanization and the balance between heat input.

[0047] Drainage: By opening the drainage valve, condensate or water in the capsule circuit is drained to restore the heat exchange boundary conditions and stabilize the internal temperature rise process.

[0048] boost rate The rate at which the pressure inside the capsule changes over time is used to limit the risk of blank deformation and interlayer slippage caused by excessively rapid pressure increase in the early stages of mold closing.

[0049] II. System Structure of the Invention

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization system of the present invention can be deployed in existing tire vulcanization production lines, and mainly includes the following units:

[0051] Vulcanizing machine body 1: includes upper and lower heating plates and mold locking mechanism, used to provide external heat source and mold clamping force.

[0052] Vulcanizing mold 2: forms the tire tread and outline, used for external heat transfer and shaping.

[0053] Vulcanizing capsule 3: Located inside the mold, it contacts the inner surface of the blank to achieve internal pressure molding and internal temperature heat transfer.

[0054] Internal temperature steam supply module 4: includes a steam source, a pressure reducing valve / regulating valve, a steam inlet valve, and a pressure feedback loop, used to regulate the steam pressure in the capsule circuit to the target value. .

[0055] Initial pressure supply module 5 includes an inert gas source (preferably nitrogen), a pressure regulating valve, an inflation valve, and a pressure feedback loop, used to establish initial pressure after mold closing. and maintain .

[0056] Condensate drainage module 6: Includes a condensate drainage valve, a condensate collection chamber, drainage piping, and (optional) a level / flow detector, used to perform condensate drainage and control the condensate drainage duration. .

[0057] Temperature acquisition module 7: Includes at least an internal temperature sensor and an external temperature sensor for data acquisition. and .

[0058] Pressure acquisition module 8: Includes at least a capsule loop pressure sensor for acquiring pressure inside the capsule. And calculate the boost rate. .

[0059] Valve assembly and actuator 9: includes steam inlet valve, condensate discharge valve, nitrogen charging valve, switching valve, etc., and can perform opening and closing actions under control.

[0060] Controller 10: Can be a PLC, industrial computer or embedded controller, with built-in linkage control and closed-loop criterion logic, outputting control commands to valve groups and pressure regulating valves.

[0061] Human-computer interface 11: Used to set baseline process parameters Threshold group and linkage parameters It is used for recording, tracing, and alarming.

[0062] Data storage and traceability module 12: Used to store the vulcanization curve of each tire, event trigger records and statistical indicators, and supports process review and calibration update.

[0063] III. Specific Technical Route for Implementing the Method of the Invention

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the method of this invention generally follows the following steps: parameter acquisition and calibration (S1) → three-parameter linkage generation (S2) → initial pressure holding and densification (S3) → high-pressure short-time steam injection and closed-loop control (S4) → subsequent pressure holding to complete sulfidation (S5). Among these, S2 is constrained by the equivalent heat input index. Will improve With shortening Rigid coupling, S4 through and Triggering the shutdown of steam intake and condensate discharge ensures that high-temperature, high-pressure, short-cycle vulcanization can still maintain vulcanization uniformity and molding stability.

[0065] The following provides a detailed explanation of each step and details the feasible engineering implementation.

[0066] IV. Detailed Implementation of the Method Steps of the Invention

[0067] (a) Step S1: Obtaining the baseline parameters and thresholds

[0068] The purpose of step S1 is to provide traceable benchmarks and boundary conditions for subsequent linkage control and closed-loop criteria. It is a basic step for engineering implementation and has a relatively low creative contribution, but its completeness determines the feasibility of the method.

[0069] In one embodiment, the controller 10 reads the following set of reference parameters from the human-machine interface 11 or the process database:

[0070] : Reference internal temperature steam pressure setting value;

[0071] : Reference steam inlet time;

[0072] : The initial pressure setting value for baseline vulcanization.

[0073] Simultaneously read the threshold group:

[0074] : The maximum permissible internal and external temperature difference threshold;

[0075] : Maximum permissible boost rate threshold;

[0076] And optionally read: , , , , , wait.

[0077] The benchmark parameters can be obtained from: process cards for tires of the same specification under stable mass production conditions on existing production lines; the thresholds can be obtained from: historical vulcanization curve statistics, quality defect retrospective analysis, and sensor calibration. To ensure safety, the system can also preset upper / lower limit constraints, such as... , etc. (among others) , These refer to the maximum allowable steam pressure and the maximum initial pressure of the equipment, respectively.

[0078] (ii) Step S2: Three-parameter linkage generation and equivalent heat input index constraint

[0079] Step S2 is used to generate the target process parameter set. In existing technologies, steam pressure, steam inlet time, and initial pressure are often set separately, or roughly linked only by empirical rules. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the present invention introduces a pressure-time equivalent heat input index in S2. With tolerance constraints, and with pressure linkage coefficient Will and By binding together, a verifiable, reproducible, and traceable linkage generation mechanism is formed, which fundamentally avoids arbitrary parameter tuning and provides a clear objective for subsequent closed-loop control.

[0080] 1. Target initial vulcanization pressure

[0081] In one embodiment, the controller 10 determines the initial pressure increment based on tire specifications, tire carcass structure, rubber rheological properties, and defect sensitivity. And generate the target initial pressure:

[0082] ;

[0083] in, Set the initial pressure for the target vulcanization; The initial pressure setting for baseline vulcanization; This represents the initial pressure increment.

[0084] Key points for project implementation:

[0085] The process test can be used to determine whether, under the premise of ensuring that molding defects such as tire blank wrinkles, cord displacement, and belt layer shear slip occur, the initial pressure can be increased to improve the molding speed and densification effect.

[0086] For thick tires or tires with deep treads that are difficult to vent, the size can be appropriately increased. For thin-walled tires or structures sensitive to deformation, it can reduce... In addition, the S3 boost rate limit is used to mitigate the risk;

[0087] As a preferred option It can be limited to the range of 0.02–0.20 MPa to ensure that existing equipment can achieve it and the risks are controllable.

[0088] 2. Generate target internal temperature vapor pressure (and (Linkage)

[0089] This invention uses a pressure linkage coefficient to represent the synergistic relationship between internal temperature steam pressure and initial pressure. Characterization:

[0090] ;

[0091] in, Set the target internal temperature steam pressure value; The reference internal temperature steam pressure setting value; This is the pressure linkage coefficient; Set the initial pressure for the target vulcanization; This is the initial pressure setting for baseline vulcanization.

[0092] This invention links the strategy of increasing internal steam pressure with increasing initial pressure, so that enhanced heat input is no longer an isolated action, but is promoted simultaneously with molding densification. In engineering, if high-pressure steam acts directly under low initial pressure conditions, it can easily cause local bulging of the embryo or insufficient mold adhesion, followed by defects caused by high-pressure impact. Follow Simultaneous improvement allows for first stabilizing the molding process before strengthening internal temperature heating, reducing the risk of deformation and defects.

[0093] This invention It can be obtained according to the following calibration rules:

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, several sets of process points for tires of the same specification are selected, and different settings are set for each. The following parameters were measured: appearance defect rate, vulcanization uniformity index (e.g., convergence time of internal and external temperature difference, degree of vulcanization in thick parts), and key performance (wear resistance, durability, etc.).

[0095] With the constraint that the defect rate does not increase and the convergence rate of the internal and external temperature difference increases, the model is fitted within the allowable steam supply capacity. right The linear or piecewise linear relationship, the resulting slope is ;

[0096] When the equipment or materials exhibit nonlinearity, the above formula can be replaced with a lookup table mapping. However, it can still be represented by an equivalent piecewise slope and stored in controller 10.

[0097] 3. Introduce the equivalent heat input index rigid coupling and

[0098] To avoid increasing But not shortened This can lead to excessive sulfur content or shorten the time it takes for the sulfur content to rise. but Insufficient sulfur content leads to undersulfurization. This invention introduces a pressure-time equivalent heat input index: ;in, The target pressure-time equivalent heat input index; Set the target internal temperature steam pressure value; The target steam inlet time.

[0099] Simultaneously define the baseline equivalent heat input index: ;in, The baseline pressure-time equivalent heat input index; The reference internal temperature steam pressure setting value; The reference steam inlet time.

[0100] And apply equivalent heat input tolerance constraints: ;in, This is the allowable relative deviation threshold.

[0101] In a preferred embodiment, the controller 10 is based on Inverse calculation target : ;in, The target steam inlet time; To meet the target equivalent heat input index after tolerance constraints; Set the target internal temperature steam pressure value.

[0102] The correspondence between the technical effects and innovative points of this invention:

[0103] when When improving, The time will be forcibly shortened, thereby achieving high-pressure short-term reheating while keeping the equivalent heat input basically unchanged or changing it in a controllable proportion, thus avoiding excessive sulfur;

[0104] when When equipment capabilities limit further improvements, It will not be blindly compressed to the point of causing sulfur deficiency, because and The tolerance constraint provides a lower bound boundary for it;

[0105] As a single coupled indicator, it facilitates management, traceability, and auditing: each tire vulcanization record can be directly output. Used for quality closed-loop.

[0106] Project settings:

[0107] The value can be set according to the sensitivity of the material system to the sulfurization window. For example, when the wear-resistant formulation is sensitive to over-sulfurization, a smaller value (such as 0.01–0.05) can be used, and when it is sensitive to under-sulfurization, a larger value (such as 0.05–0.20) can be used, and the uniformity can be further ensured by the S4 closed loop.

[0108] It can also be set according to tire structure zones: smaller values ​​are used when the thin shoulder area is sensitive, and slightly larger values ​​are used when the thick crown area is insufficient; in practice, it can be called up according to specifications through the database.

[0109] 4. Boundary protection and executability verification generated in conjunction with the system

[0110] To ensure the coordinated generation It can be stably executed on the device, and the controller 10 can perform the following verifications:

[0111] Pressure upper limit verification: , ;

[0112] Time limit verification: ,in It can be determined based on the steam inlet valve response time, the steam pipeline filling time, and the sensor sampling period;

[0113] Interlock condition: If Not yet reached and stabilized (e.g., not maintained) If the mold is unstable, it is prohibited to enter the high-pressure steam stage to avoid direct high-pressure impact.

[0114] Recording and tracing: Write it into the batch record to provide a basis for subsequent quality statistics.

[0115] Through the above-described S2, the present invention will increase the internal temperature steam pressure. Shorten steam inlet time Increase the initial pressure of vulcanization The shift from empirical descriptions to a linkage generation mechanism where parameters are calculable, constraints are verifiable, and results are traceable lays the foundation for the target boundary of subsequent S4 closed-loop control, which is conducive to improving the traceability of parameter generation and control stability.

[0116] (III) Step S3: Initial pressure holding and densification after mold closing and pressure increase rate limitation

[0117] The purpose of step S3 is to establish a stable molding state before entering the high-pressure steam reheating stage: on the one hand, through... and It achieves tire compaction, mold bonding, and the formation of venting channels; on the other hand, it suppresses the risk of initial deformation by limiting the pressurization rate.

[0118] In one embodiment, after the mold closing completion signal arrives, the controller 10 initiates pressure boosting control to increase the pressure inside the capsule. Rise at a limited rate The real-time boost rate can be defined:

[0119] ;

[0120] in, The boost rate; This is the measured value of the pressure inside the capsule; For time.

[0121] And impose restrictions: ,in This is the maximum pressure rise rate threshold. This limit can be achieved through pressure regulating valve opening ramp, PID limiting, or pressure trajectory planning.

[0122] when achieve And enter the stable zone (e.g.) ,in After allowing for pressure fluctuation bandwidth, controller 10 starts the initial pressure holding time and maintains it. Initial holding time It can be obtained from experience-based process cards or experimental calibration, and is typically used for: 1) enabling the tire carcass compound to quickly adhere to mold details under pressure, reducing underfill and air bubbles; 2) stabilizing the relative displacement between layers, reducing the risk of secondary slippage caused by subsequent heating and pressurization; and 3) providing stable molding boundary conditions for the subsequent steam injection stage. Upon arrival, proceed to step S4.

[0123] (iv) Step S4: The temperature difference of the high-pressure short-term steam inlet converges and the steam inlet stops, and the temperature difference stagnation triggers the exhaust condensate closed loop.

[0124] Traditional processes often rely on fixed steam inlet times or fixed stage switching for control. Even when condensate removal is included, it is usually performed on a per-cycle or time-interval basis, making it difficult to simultaneously ensure uniform sulfidation and stable quality under high temperature, high pressure, and short-cycle conditions. For example... Figure 5 As shown, in S4, the present invention elevates the steam stop and condensate exhaust from programmed actions to closed-loop events driven by the internal and external temperature difference levels and temperature difference change trends, and together with the equivalent heat input constraint in S2, it forms a collaborative control chain of target constraint + process closed loop.

[0125] 1. Entering the steam inlet stage and closed-loop regulation of steam pressure

[0126] After S3 is completed, controller 10 switches the internal temperature medium to steam supply mode, driving internal temperature steam supply module 4 to adjust the capsule circuit steam pressure to the target. And open the steam inlet valve. Steam pressure regulation can be achieved using PID control or feedforward + feedback control to ensure... Tracking within the permissible fluctuation band .

[0127] To align with the objective of step S2, controller 10 simultaneously starts the steam inlet timer to accumulate the steam inlet time t. on And record P(t) in real time during the steam intake stage. , Data such as...

[0128] 2. Temperature difference between inside and outside Calculation and convergence criterion

[0129] Temperature acquisition module 7 acquires internal temperature data to characterize the temperature. external temperature characterization temperature Controller 10 calculates the temperature difference between the inside and outside:

[0130] ;

[0131] in, The temperature difference between inside and outside; Internal temperature characterizes temperature; External temperature characterizes temperature; For time.

[0132] The physical meaning of temperature difference index:

[0133] when The larger value indicates an imbalance in the internal and external temperature fields, and there may be significant differences in the degree of sulfidation between thick and thin parts. Under the high-pressure short-time steam inlet strategy, if closed-loop constraints are not introduced, it is easy to have excessive sulfidation on the outside and insufficient sulfidation on the inside.

[0134] when If the temperature converges to a smaller threshold and remains stable, it indicates that the internal and external temperature fields are becoming more balanced and the heat input from the steam has fully penetrated to the key parts. At this point, stopping the steam intake and switching to the later stage of pressure holding is more conducive to avoiding excessive sulfur and saving energy.

[0135] Therefore, this invention defines the steam shut-off trigger condition as temperature difference convergence that is continuously satisfied:

[0136] Set the maximum allowable internal and external temperature difference threshold. ;

[0137] Set the duration of continuous temperature difference satisfaction To avoid false triggering caused by transient noise;

[0138] When the cumulative time for steam intake does not exceed the target Under the condition that the temperature difference continuously satisfies achieve When this occurs, the steam inlet valve is closed.

[0139] To determine the duration of continuous satisfaction, controller 10 can employ a sliding window timing mechanism: when The timer accumulates; when The timer is reset or rolled back; when the cumulative total reaches [a certain value], the timer is reset or rolled back. The temperature difference convergence is determined immediately. This criterion elevates the decision to stop steam intake from a fixed time to a closed-loop decision based on the temperature field state, ensuring that vulcanization uniformity is maintained even under disturbances such as steam quality fluctuations, differences in mold heat dissipation, and changes in the initial temperature of the tire blank, and avoiding over-sulfurization caused by blindly extending the steam intake for safety margin.

[0140] 3. Heat transfer anomalies caused by condensate and condensate drainage triggering criteria

[0141] During the high-temperature and high-pressure steam inlet stage, there is a risk of steam condensation in the capsule loop and on the capsule surface. The presence of condensate significantly alters the heat transfer boundary conditions: on the one hand, it forms a local liquid film, leading to changes in the heat transfer coefficient; on the other hand, it may occupy the flow channel, causing a decrease in the effective heat transfer area of ​​the steam, resulting in a situation where the temperature difference no longer improves or even stagnates. If only the steam inlet is extended or the pressure is increased, the outer side may continue to heat up while the inner side shows limited improvement, further exacerbating the over-sulfur / under-sulfur contradiction.

[0142] Therefore, this invention does not employ a simple timed condensation removal strategy, but instead establishes a condensation removal triggering criterion based on the temperature difference change trend. First, the temperature difference change rate is defined:

[0143] ;

[0144] in, The rate of change of temperature difference; The temperature difference between inside and outside; For time.

[0145] when Long-term higher than and A decrease in the rate of temperature difference (i.e., a plateau in temperature difference improvement) often corresponds to impaired heat exchange or condensation buildup, which are non-ideal conditions. This invention sets a threshold for the rate of temperature difference change. Duration of trigger This forms the criteria for triggering decoupling:

[0146] Triggering condition 1: ;

[0147] Triggering condition 2: And continue ;

[0148] When both conditions are met, controller 10 determines that condensate needs to be drained.

[0149] Drainage Action: Controller 10 opens the drainage valve to perform drainage for a specified duration. and in Upon arrival, close the condensate drain valve and resume steam intake (if the cumulative steam intake time has not yet been reached). And the conditions for stopping steam intake were not triggered.

[0150] Duration of condensation The calibration can be performed based on the condensate drain pipe diameter, circuit volume, and condensate generation rate. To avoid significant pressure fluctuations caused by condensate draining, the pressure regulating valve can be adjusted synchronously or the steam inlet valve opening can be briefly reduced during the condensate draining process to ensure that the capsule pressure does not fall below the lower limit of the forming process (optional setting). ,in (This refers to the lower limit of molding pressure).

[0151] Unlike programmed condensate removal schemes based on frequency or interval, the condensate removal in this invention is triggered by a combined criterion of excessive temperature difference and sluggish temperature difference improvement. This allows for timely action when condensate significantly affects heat exchange, while avoiding frequent condensate removal when the temperature difference is converging normally, thus reducing heat input fluctuations. This invention restores the steam heat exchange boundary through condensate removal, promoting… The temperature continues to drop and eventually meets the steam inlet / outlet convergence criterion, thus achieving uniform sulfidation even under short-cycle high-pressure conditions.

[0152] 4. Target of step S2 Synergy: Dual Constraints of Gas Intake Stop

[0153] To prevent the closed-loop criterion from extending the steam intake time indefinitely under abnormal conditions, this invention retains the target steam intake time generated in step S2 in step S4. As an upper limit constraint: the cumulative steam intake time reaches... Even if the temperature difference convergence criterion has not yet been met, a protective strategy can be initiated (e.g., shutting off the steam inlet and entering the pressure holding phase after step S5, recording the temperature difference non-convergence event for process traceability and alarm; or an extended strategy can be initiated, allowing...). (Add short-term steam injection within the tolerance range and record the amount added). The specific strategy can be set by the company's quality requirements, but the core idea is: process closed-loop and target constraints run in parallel, which ensures uniformity and avoids the risk of over-sulfurization caused by unlimited heat replenishment.

[0154] Optionally, the controller 10 can also calculate the cumulative value of the real-time equivalent heat input. and with the target Comparison, used to further constrain additional heating:

[0155] ;

[0156] in, This is the actual cumulative heat input index; This refers to the actual steam pressure during the steam inlet stage; This represents the cumulative steam intake time. For advanced implementations, this formula can be approximated using discrete summation, which can be implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

[0157] Through the above step S4, the present invention achieves controllable implementation of high-pressure short-time steam inlet: without increasing... The excessive sulfur on the outside is not caused by shortening the time. This results in insufficient sulfur on the inner side, and by suppressing heat exchange abnormalities caused by condensate through a condensation triggering mechanism, it significantly improves the stability and consistency of the sulfurization process.

[0158] (V) Step S5: Final pressure holding completes vulcanization and determines the end of the process.

[0159] Step S5 is used to maintain the molding pressure and complete the subsequent vulcanization reaction after the steam supply is terminated. Controller 10 adjusts the pressure inside the capsule to the subsequent holding pressure. And maintain the pressure holding time in the later stage. . Generally satisfies and not higher than This is to avoid insufficient pressure in the later stage, which could lead to shape rebound or pattern distortion, and to avoid continued steam heat input causing over-sulfurization.

[0160] The vulcanization process can be completed by The process is triggered by events such as reaching the end of the total vulcanization time or the temperature reaching the termination threshold; after completion, routine actions such as pressure relief, mold opening, and tire removal are performed. This part belongs to the routine control process of the vulcanizing machine, and its creative contribution is relatively low.

[0161] V. Preferred Embodiments and Comparative Examples

[0162] The following is a set of experimental procedures that can be directly reproduced in the laboratory, along with a set of experimental data to demonstrate the high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization of this invention. — — Linkage, The technical effects of converging steam intake, slow temperature difference triggering condensation, and limiting the rate of pressure increase.

[0163] (I) Test Subjects and Apparatus

[0164] 1. Test subjects

[0165] Tire specifications: Passenger radial tire 215 / 55R17 (example specification; other specifications are similar).

[0166] Materials: Tread compound, carcass compound, inner liner compound, and semi-finished parts are all sourced from the same batch to avoid formula fluctuations.

[0167] Sample quantity: n=10 tires per group, used to calculate mean ± standard deviation.

[0168] 2. Vulcanization system and measuring point layout

[0169] like Figure 1 As shown, the system consists of a vulcanizing machine body 1, a vulcanizing mold 2, a vulcanizing capsule 3, an internal temperature steam supply module 4, an initial pressure supply module 5, a condensate removal module 6, a temperature acquisition module 7, a pressure acquisition module 8, a valve group and actuator 9, a controller 10, a human-machine interface 11, and a data storage and traceability module 12. The temperature acquisition module 7 acquires the internal temperature to characterize the temperature. external temperature characterization temperature Pressure acquisition module 8 acquires capsule pressure. And calculate the boost rate. .

[0170] 3. Method and Flow

[0171] like Figure 2 As shown, the experiments were all performed according to S1–S5: S1 obtains the baseline parameters and threshold; S2 generates the three parameters in a coordinated manner; S3 limits the rate of voltage increase to... And maintain pressure S4 High-Pressure Short-Time Steam Inlet Closed-Loop Control ( (Convergence stop steam intake, slow triggering condensate removal); S5 steam stop pressure holding continued Until the end.

[0172] (II) Criteria and Calculation Formula

[0173] 1. Temperature difference between inside and outside and the rate of change of temperature difference

[0174] ;

[0175] In the formula, The temperature difference between inside and outside; Internal temperature characterizes temperature; External temperature characterizes temperature; For time.

[0176] ;

[0177] In the formula, The rate of change of temperature difference.

[0178] Convergence Criterion for Stopping Gas Intake Figure 4 ):when And continuously satisfy When this occurs, the steam inlet valve is closed and the process enters S5.

[0179] Delayed triggering of coagulation criteria ( Figure 5 ):when and Continuous satisfaction At that time, open the condensate drain valve to drain the condensate. Steam intake was then resumed.

[0180] 2. Boost rate limitation

[0181] ;

[0182] In the formula, The boost rate; For capsule pressure.

[0183] S3 Stage Restrictions To inhibit early embryonic deformation.

[0184] 3. Three-parameter linkage and equivalent heat input index constraint

[0185] ;

[0186] In the formula, The initial pressure for target vulcanization; The initial pressure is the reference pressure; This represents the initial pressure increment.

[0187] ;

[0188] In the formula, The target internal temperature steam pressure; Reference internal temperature steam pressure; This is the pressure linkage coefficient.

[0189] ;

[0190] In the formula, The equivalent heat input index; Target steam inlet time; The baseline equivalent heat input index.

[0191] ;

[0192] In the formula, The relative tolerance threshold for equivalent heat input.

[0193] (III) Group Setup

[0194] 1. Common benchmark process (for comparison): , , , Total vulcanization time benchmark .

[0195] 2. Threshold (used for closed-loop): , (Example 2: 40s) , , , .

[0196] (iv) Examples and Comparative Examples

[0197] Example 1 (Closed-loop control of the present invention)

[0198] S2 linkage parameters: , , ,Pick .

[0199] Therefore: , , , .

[0200] S3–S5 execution:

[0201] S3 phase according to Rise to And maintain pressure S4 stage according to Figure 4 , Figure 5 Criteria trigger steam inlet shutdown and condensate removal; S5 stage maintains pressure holding pressure in the later stage. To the end. Corresponding process comments. Figure 6 Valve status timing is shown below. Figure 8 .

[0202] Example 2 (A more aggressive high-voltage short-time strategy of the present invention)

[0203] S2 linkage parameters: , , ,Pick ; and take To enhance uniformity, the calculation yields: , , The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0204] Comparative Example 1 (Standard Fixed Procedure)

[0205] ; ; The dredging process uses a fixed procedure (e.g., dredging each tire 3 times, 3 seconds each time), and does not use... and Closed-loop triggering.

[0206] Comparative Example 2 (only three parameters are linked, no closed-loop criterion)

[0207] , , Same as Example 1; however, the steam inlet is stopped only according to a fixed method. Execution; condensate removal will still follow the fixed procedure, without adopting... Figure 4 / Figure 5 Closed-loop criterion.

[0208] Comparative Example 3 (no compression when boosting) constraint)

[0209] improve But keep constant, Not adopted Constraints and closed-loop triggering.

[0210] (v) Testing methods

[0211] 1. Process Indicators

[0212] : The maximum temperature difference between the inside and outside during the steam intake stage.

[0213] First time reaching and maintain The time (convergence time).

[0214] Number of times of condensation removal Number of times a single tire triggers a condensation discharge.

[0215] Steam consumption : Steam mass during the vulcanization process of a single tire (integrated by mass flow meter).

[0216] Temperature and pressure sampling period is 1s; steam consumption is obtained by integration using a mass flow meter; hardness testing is performed according to GB / T531.1.

[0217] 2. Vulcanization uniformity and crosslinking density

[0218] Sampling locations: center C of the tire tread and shoulder S.

[0219] Hardness: GB / T531.1 (Shore A).

[0220] Crosslinking density Swelling method (Flory–Rehner caliber), and calculation of coefficient of variation: In the formula, The coefficient of variation; Standard deviation; This is the mean.

[0221] 3. Wear resistance

[0222] DIN abrasion: ISO 4649 (volume abrasion) (The lower the value, the more wear-resistant it is).

[0223] Roller wear resistance: Indoor roller wear reaches the equivalent mileage of 1.6mm tread wear depth. (The higher the value, the more wear-resistant it is).

[0224] Relative improvement: Normalization was performed based on Comparative Example 1 (see comparison chart). Figure 9 ).

[0225] (vi) Experimental Data and Results

[0226] 1. Process indicator statistics

[0227] Table 1 Process Indicators (Mean ± Standard Deviation, n=10)

[0228]

[0229] Figure 7 Showcase each group Curve and threshold This clearly demonstrates that the embodiment has a lower peak value and faster convergence.

[0230] Figure 8 Demonstration of Examples The timing sequence superimposed with the status of the steam inlet valve / condensate drain valve reflects a closed-loop chain of "delayed triggering of condensate drain - restoration of steam inlet - convergence to stop steam inlet".

[0231] Results show that Examples 1 / 2 reduced the total vulcanization time (by approximately 0.5–0.7 min), and The steam consumption rate was significantly reduced, and the number of condensation removal cycles was changed from a fixed program to on-demand triggering, resulting in a decrease in steam consumption and a reduction in the appearance defect rate.

[0232] 2. Vulcanization uniformity

[0233] Table 2. Evenness index (mean ± standard deviation, n=10)

[0234]

[0235] Corresponding illustration: Figure 10 right and In comparison, the results of the example were significantly worse than those of the comparative example, indicating that the vulcanization consistency was better.

[0236] (iii) Wear resistance

[0237] Table 3. Wear resistance results (mean ± standard deviation, n=10)

[0238]

[0239] like Figure 9 The improvement in DIN volumetric wear and roller mileage is shown in "relative improvement / %", with the example significantly outperforming the comparative example.

[0240] (vii) Summary of technical effects

[0241] Shortening the cycle and reducing energy consumption: Example 1 / 2 Shorten by 0.5–0.7 min and Decrease (Table 1), compared with Figure 2 process, Figure 8 The timing matches.

[0242] Improved vulcanization uniformity: Examples show significant reduction And shorten (Table 1, Figure 7 ), while reducing and (Table 2, Figure 10 This indicates that the heat input is more balanced and the cross-linking is more consistent.

[0243] Improved wear resistance: Examples include reduced DIN wear volume and increased roller mileage (Table 3). Figure 9 This is consistent with the mechanism of "high temperature and high pressure short-time heat replenishment + uniform vulcanization".

[0244] The foregoing description of embodiments of the present invention, through which those skilled in the art are able to implement or use the present invention, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novelty disclosed herein.

[0245] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0246] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0247] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0248] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0249] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0250] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0251] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

Claims

1. A method for high-temperature and high-pressure synergistic vulcanization of tires, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, obtain the reference internal temperature steam pressure, reference steam inlet time, reference initial sulfidation pressure, maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, maximum pressure rise rate threshold and temperature difference change rate threshold; S2, establish three-parameter linkage control, generate target initial vulcanization pressure, target internal temperature steam pressure and target steam inlet time, so that the target internal temperature steam pressure increases with the increase of the target initial vulcanization pressure, and the product of the target internal temperature steam pressure and the target steam inlet time is not more than the preset relative deviation threshold relative to the product of the reference internal temperature steam pressure and the reference steam inlet time. S3, after mold closing, the pressure is increased to the target vulcanization initial pressure at a rate not exceeding the maximum pressure increase rate threshold, and the pressure is maintained for densification. After the pressure is maintained, the steam inlet stage is entered. S4, steam is introduced according to the target internal temperature steam pressure, the internal temperature of the tire and the external temperature of the mold are collected, and the internal and external temperature difference and the rate of change of the temperature difference are obtained; when the internal and external temperature difference is not greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold and continues for a preset time, steam is stopped; when the internal and external temperature difference is greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, and the rate of change of the temperature difference is not greater than the rate of change of the temperature difference threshold and continues for a preset time, condensation is triggered, steam is resumed after condensation is completed, and the internal and external temperature difference is re-evaluated. S5, after the steam supply is terminated, the pressure inside the vulcanizing capsule is regulated and maintained at the subsequent pressure using a non-steam pressure-holding medium, and the subsequent pressure holding continues until the vulcanization is completed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the target initial vulcanization pressure is formed by supplying an inert gas, namely nitrogen; the target initial vulcanization pressure is the bladder molding pressure after mold closing and before entering the steam supply.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the three-parameter linkage control includes a pressure linkage coefficient, which is a dimensionless coefficient and greater than 0, so that the target internal temperature steam pressure increases synchronously when the target initial vulcanization pressure increases.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the relative deviation threshold is between 0.01 and 0.20; And / or, in step S2, the initial pressure increment of the target vulcanization initial pressure relative to the reference vulcanization initial pressure is 0.02 MPa to 0.20 MPa.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the initial holding time for the pressure-holding densification is 10s to 120s; the maximum pressure increase rate threshold is 0.01MPa / s to 0.20MPa / s.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the internal and external temperature difference between the inner temperature of the tire and the outer temperature of the mold is not greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold and lasts for 10s to 90s; the internal and external temperature difference is greater than the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold and the rate of temperature difference change is not greater than the rate of temperature difference change threshold and lasts for 5s to 60s; the duration of the condensation removal is 0.5s to 10s.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the subsequent holding pressure is not lower than the target initial vulcanization pressure, and the subsequent holding pressure is maintained by an inert gas or a non-steam holding medium so that the vulcanization stage maintains the molding pressure without introducing additional steam heat input.

8. A tire high-temperature and high-pressure co-curing system for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The system includes: an internal temperature steam supply module for supplying steam to the vulcanizing capsule and regulating the target internal temperature steam pressure; an initial pressure supply module for supplying inert gas to the vulcanizing capsule after mold closing to form the target initial vulcanization pressure; a condensate removal module, including a condensate removal valve, for performing condensate removal actions; a temperature acquisition module for acquiring the internal temperature characterization temperature of the tire and the external temperature characterization temperature of the mold, and obtaining the internal and external temperature difference and the rate of temperature difference change; a pressure acquisition module for acquiring the pressure inside the capsule and limiting the rate of pressure increase; and a controller, which is communicatively connected to the above modules and is configured to execute steps S1 to S5, and trigger the shutdown of steam supply and condensate removal based on the maximum internal and external temperature difference threshold, the duration of continuous temperature difference satisfaction, the temperature difference change rate threshold, and the duration of condensate removal triggering.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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