A heat-accumulating temperature-keeping layered structure fabric and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a heat-accumulating temperature-locking layered structure fabric and a preparation method thereof. The superporous network of the aerogel core layer provides super-low thermal conductivity and light adsorption function. The high-rigidity skeleton of the basalt shell layer endows high-temperature resistance and mechanical support. The core-shell physical cooperation considers heat insulation protection and structural stability. The modified montmorillonite is inserted into the molecular chain gap in the form of intercalated layers in the nylon, so as to enhance the stress buffering of the nylon intermediate layer to the aerogel core and the interfacial bonding of the basalt shell. The heat resistance labyrinth structure of the montmorillonite inhibits heat transfer and improves the high-temperature decomposition resistance of the nylon, thereby strengthening the stability and environmental adaptability of the core-shell cooperation. The function complementary advantages of the coaxial structure are retained, and the interlayer bonding force, high-temperature aging resistance and long-term service stability are improved through the intercalation interlocking and heat barrier effect of the montmorillonite, so that the composite fabric is synergistically enhanced in heat insulation, protection and durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fabric preparation technology, and more particularly to a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The introduction of aerogel fiber and basalt fiber into existing thermal storage fabrics stems from the urgent need for complementary functions between the two. Aerogel fiber, with its ultraporous network structure, can effectively suppress air convection and heat conduction, providing the fabric with excellent thermal insulation and heat storage capabilities. Its ultra-lightweight nature also avoids the heaviness problem of traditional thermal storage materials. Basalt fiber, with its high strength, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, provides a rigid framework for the fabric, compensating for the insufficient mechanical strength of aerogel fiber. The combination of the two aims to balance thermal storage performance and structural stability, meeting the dual requirements of lightweight protection and long-term thermal insulation in extreme environments.

[0003] However, aerogel fibers and basalt fibers exhibit difficulties in bonding and excessive rigidity in fabric applications due to the contradiction between the intrinsic properties of the materials and their structural compatibility. Aerogel fibers have a smooth surface and strong chemical inertness, while basalt fibers, also inorganic silicate materials, have low surface polarity. The interface between the two is only maintained by weak van der Waals forces, making them prone to delamination during composite bonding due to poor stress transmission. At the same time, the high modulus rigidity of basalt fibers makes the fabric feel stiff, and although aerogel fibers are lightweight, they cannot neutralize the overall rigidity. Especially in weaving and finishing, the superposition of rigidity easily leads to problems such as poor wrinkle recovery and reduced wearing comfort, limiting their application in close-fitting or flexible scenarios. Furthermore, the unresolved defects of weak interfacial bonding and cumulative rigidity result in poor fabric durability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric with enhanced interface and coordinated rigidity, as well as its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric and its preparation method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, soluble polymers are used as the core fluid and basalt component sol is used as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn and shaped under a high voltage electric field with a voltage of 10-50kV and a drawing speed of 5-20m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers.

[0008] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in a solvent, such as water or an organic solvent, for 30-120 minutes to dissolve the soluble part of the core layer. After washing and drying, hollow fiber with only the basalt shell layer remains is obtained.

[0009] S3: Utilizing coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fibers are used as the core layer, a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fibers are used as the shell layer. The fibers are drawn under an electric field and solvent evaporates. The electric field voltage is 5-30kV, and the drawing speed is 3-15m / min, forming secondary coaxial fibers. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation, and the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 6-10%.

[0010] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface, with the basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber being 60-90%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 80-150℃ for 0.5-2h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric, and outer layer fabric are laminated and composited using an adhesive to obtain a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soluble polymer includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol or polyethylene oxide, with a mass concentration of 5-20%.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basalt component sol is prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder has a particle size of 1-10 μm, the solvent is water or ethanol, and the sol has a solid content of 10-30%.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hollow fiber has an outer diameter of 80-200 μm and an inner diameter of 50-150 μm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the aerogel fiber includes freeze drying or supercritical drying, wherein the freeze drying temperature is -50 to -10°C and the time is 5-24 h; or the supercritical drying pressure is 10-20 MPa and the temperature is 40-60°C.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alkylammonium salt of the modified montmorillonite is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the intercalation treatment temperature is 60-90℃ for 2-6 hours.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basalt blended fiber yarn of the inner layer fabric has a fineness of 100-500 tex and a weaving or knitting density of 20-100 needles / cm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of fluorine-free silane in the hydrophobic treatment of the outer fabric is 1-5 wt%, and the treatment method is vapor deposition or sol coating.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hot melt adhesive of the adhesive has a melting point temperature of 80-120°C and a waterborne polyurethane solid content of 30-60%.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, which is prepared by a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0020] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) This invention provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric. The ultraporous network of the aerogel core layer provides ultra-low thermal conductivity and lightweight adsorption function. The high-rigidity skeleton of the basalt shell layer provides high temperature resistance and mechanical support. Through the physical synergy of the core and shell, both heat insulation and structural stability are taken into account. Modified montmorillonite is embedded in the molecular chain gap in nylon in an intercalated sheet structure. Through the mechanical interlocking of the sheets with the aerogel pores and basalt micropores and the hydrogen bonding between the surface silanol and the nylon amide bond, the stress buffering of the nylon intermediate layer on the aerogel core and the interfacial bonding with the basalt shell are enhanced. The thermal barrier labyrinth structure of montmorillonite inhibits heat transfer and improves the high temperature decomposition resistance of nylon, thereby strengthening the stability and environmental adaptability of the core and shell synergy. The thermal insulation of aerogel, the protection of basalt, and the nylon interlayer reinforced with modified montmorillonite not only retain the functional complementary advantages of the coaxial structure, but also enhance the interlayer bonding force, high-temperature aging resistance, and long-term service stability through the intercalation interlocking and thermal barrier effect of montmorillonite, thus achieving synergistic enhancement of the composite fabric in terms of thermal insulation, protection, and durability.

[0022] (2) In this invention, the mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber is optimized. By adjusting the flexible filling amount of the aerogel ultraporous network and the support amount of the high rigidity skeleton of the hollow fiber, a dynamic balance between rigidity neutralization and flexibility synergy is achieved. This avoids excessive rigidity or loose structure of a single fiber. The gradient integration structure of the composite fiber and the optimized mass ratio enable the flexible filling of the aerogel and the mechanical interlocking of the micro-undulations on the inner surface of the hollow fiber, as well as the hydrogen bonding of the modified nylon 6 shell, to form a synergy. This ensures uniform stress transmission between layers and avoids bonding failure. It also enables the composite structure to improve both flexibility and interfacial bonding force, solving the defects of rigidity accumulation and easy delamination in the aerogel-basalt composite. This achieves the unity of wearing comfort and structural stability, providing a suitable mechanical and functional basis for flexible wearable scenarios.

[0023] (3) In this invention, the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is controlled so that after the modified montmorillonite is intercalated with alkylammonium salt, it is embedded in the gaps between the molecular chains of nylon 6 in a layered structure. Through the mechanical interlocking of the layers with the pores of aerogel and the micropores of basalt, and the hydrogen bonding between the surface silanol groups and the amide bonds of nylon 6, the interfacial bonding and thermal stability are enhanced. The core-shell structure design of the secondary coaxial fiber makes the montmorillonite intercalation strengthen the interfacial interlocking between the nylon 6 shell and the aerogel core. At the same time, its thermal barrier labyrinth structure inhibits heat transfer, improves the thermal insulation efficiency and high-temperature aging resistance of the core-shell synergy, and significantly enhances the core-shell bonding force, thermal stability and environmental adaptability of the secondary coaxial fiber. Through the triple functional coupling of aerogel thermal insulation, basalt protection and modified nylon 6 reinforcement, the heat storage and temperature locking performance and long-term service durability of the composite fabric are synergistically improved. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method steps of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Application Overview:

[0029] The fundamental difficulty in combining aerogel and basalt lies in the contradiction between the intrinsic properties of the materials and their structural compatibility. Aerogel fibers have a smooth surface and are chemically inert, while basalt fibers, as inorganic silicate materials, have low surface polarity. The interface between the two is only maintained by weak van der Waals forces, which leads to poor stress transfer and delamination during composite bonding. At the same time, the high modulus rigidity of basalt fibers makes the fabric feel stiff, and the lightweight properties of aerogel fibers cannot neutralize this rigidity. This results in poor wrinkle recovery and reduced wearing comfort during weaving and finishing, limiting its application in close-fitting or flexible applications.

[0030] The nascent fibers are prepared by coaxial spinning of a soluble core layer and a basalt shell layer. After removing the core layer, a micro-undulating interface is formed on the inner surface of the basalt shell layer, providing a mechanical interlocking basis for subsequent composites. Then, a secondary coaxial spinning is performed using aerogel fibers as the core and a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite as the shell. After alkyl ammonium salt intercalation, the modified montmorillonite is embedded in the gaps between the nylon 6 molecular chains in a layered structure. Through the mechanical interlocking of the layers with the pores of the aerogel and the micropores of the basalt, as well as the hydrogen bonding between the surface silanol groups and the nylon amide bonds, the stress buffering effect of nylon 6 on the aerogel core and the interfacial bonding with the basalt shell are enhanced. At the same time, the thermal barrier labyrinth structure of montmorillonite inhibits heat transfer. Finally, the secondary coaxial fibers are integrated with the basalt shell fibers, and the undulating interface and the hydrogen bonding with nylon 6 are used to form a three-layer composite fiber of aerogel-modified nylon 6-basalt, which coordinates rigidity.

[0031] In this solution, the ultraporous network of aerogel provides thermal insulation and heat storage functions, basalt fiber constructs a rigid skeleton to ensure protection, and the modified montmorillonite-reinforced nylon interlayer strengthens the interlayer bonding force through intercalation interlocking and thermal barrier effect. It not only retains the functional complementary advantages of the coaxial structure, but also neutralizes the rigidity of basalt to improve wearing comfort, while improving resistance to high-temperature aging and long-term service stability. It meets the dual requirements of lightweight protection and long-term heat preservation in extreme environments, and expands the application possibilities of flexible wearables, protective clothing and other scenarios.

[0032] Procurement of materials

[0033] Polyvinyl alcohol, PVA-1799, degree of polymerization 1700, degree of alcoholysis 99%, purchased from Kuraray Corporation, Japan; polyethylene glycol, PEG-6000, molecular weight 6000, purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; polyethylene oxide, PEO-900000, molecular weight 900000, purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA.

[0034] Basalt powder, with a particle size of 1-10μm, preferably 5μm, was purchased from Hebei Basalt Technology Co., Ltd., grade XWY-5; basalt fiber, with a linear density of 1.2dtex, was purchased from Jiangsu Tianlong Basalt Continuous Fiber High-tech Technology Co., Ltd.

[0035] Silica sol, concentration 5-20wt%, preferably 10wt%, purchased from Qingdao Ocean Chemical Co., Ltd., grade SS-10; Formic acid, concentration 88%, purchased from Tianjin Hengxing Chemical Reagent Manufacturing Co., Ltd., AR grade; Supercritical carbon dioxide, purity 99.9%, purchased from Linde Gas Co., Ltd.

[0036] Sodium-based montmorillonite, cation exchange capacity 80 mmol / 100g, purchased from Zhejiang Fenghong New Material Co., Ltd., brand name FH-MMT; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB, purity 98%, purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Nylon 6 chips, PA6-1010, relative viscosity 2.8, purchased from Jiangsu Haiyang Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.; waterborne polyurethane, solid content 30-60%, preferably 45%, purchased from Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd., brand name WPU-450; hot melt adhesive, melting point 80-120℃, preferably 100℃, purchased from Henkel AG, brand name TECHNOMELT PUR 501.

[0037] Fluorine-free silane, Dow Corning DC-51, concentration 1-5wt%, purchased from Dow Chemical Company; high-density polyester fabric, areal density 150-250g / m², preferably 200g / m², purchased from Zhejiang Hengyi Group Co., Ltd.; weaving yarn, basalt blended fiber yarn, basalt mass fraction 60-90%, preferably 80%, fineness 100-500tex, preferably 300tex, purchased from Shandong Basalt Textile Co., Ltd.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered fabric includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, soluble polymers are used as the core fluid and basalt component sol is used as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn and shaped under a high voltage electric field with a voltage of 10-50kV and a drawing speed of 5-20m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers.

[0040] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in a solvent, such as water or an organic solvent, for 30-120 minutes to dissolve the soluble part of the core layer. After washing and drying, hollow fiber with only the basalt shell layer remains is obtained. The inner surface of the fiber forms a micro-undulating interface due to the dissolution of the core layer.

[0041] S3: Utilizing coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fibers are used as the core layer, a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fibers are used as the shell layer. The fibers are drawn under an electric field and solvent evaporates. The electric field voltage is 5-30kV, and the drawing speed is 3-15m / min, forming secondary coaxial fibers. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation, and the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 6-10%.

[0042] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 60-90%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, and is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 80-150℃ for 0.5-2h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric, and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive, which is a hot melt adhesive or water-based polyurethane, with a coating amount of 10-50g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 80-120℃, a pressure of 0.5-2.0MPa, and a time of 1-5min, to obtain a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric.

[0043] In step S1:

[0044] The soluble polymer includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, or polyethylene oxide, with a mass concentration of 5-20%. The core fluid flow rate is 0.1-1.0 mL / h; the shell fluid flow rate is 1.0-5.0 mL / h; and the spinning distance is 50-200 mm.

[0045] The specific preparation process of hollow fibers:

[0046] PVA-1799 was added to water and stirred at 90°C for 2 hours to prepare a 10% PVA spinning solution.

[0047] Basalt powder with a particle size of 5μm was added to water and ball-milled for 2 hours to prepare a basalt sol with a solid content of 20%.

[0048] A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core fluid pressure of 0.2 MPa, a shell fluid pressure of 0.3 MPa, a high-voltage electric field of 30 kV, and a drawing speed of 10 m / min to form nascent coaxial fibers.

[0049] The nascent fibers were immersed in water at 25°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the PVA core layer. After rinsing three times and drying in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours, hollow fibers were obtained.

[0050] The basalt component sol is made by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder has a particle size of 1-10μm, the solvent is water or ethanol, and the sol has a solid content of 10-30%.

[0051] In step S2:

[0052] The outer diameter of the hollow fiber is 80-200μm, and the inner diameter is 50-150μm.

[0053] In step S3:

[0054] The specific preparation process of aerogel fibers:

[0055] Add hydrochloric acid with pH=2 as a catalyst to 10wt% silica sol and stir for 30min;

[0056] Wet gel fibers are formed by squeezing into a coagulation bath with an ethanol:water ratio of 1:1 through a single-hole needle.

[0057] Aerogel fibers are obtained by freeze drying or supercritical drying.

[0058] The preparation of aerogel fibers includes freeze drying or supercritical drying. Freeze drying is carried out at a temperature of -50 to -10℃ for 5-24 hours; or supercritical drying is carried out at a pressure of 10-20 MPa, a temperature of 40-60℃ for 6 hours.

[0059] The specific preparation process of the nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite as a preferred example is as follows:

[0060] Sodium-based montmorillonite was added to a 5wt% CTAB aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours, centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes, washed, and dried at 60℃ to obtain modified montmorillonite.

[0061] Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20 and stirred at 60°C for 4 hours to dissolve. Modified montmorillonite was then added and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain a Nylon 6 solution containing 5% (w / w) modified montmorillonite.

[0062] The alkylammonium salt of the modified montmorillonite is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the intercalation treatment temperature is 60-90℃ for 2-6 hours.

[0063] The specific preparation process of secondary coaxial fibers:

[0064] Using a coaxial spinning machine, the core layer is aerogel fiber and the shell layer is a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite. The high voltage electric field voltage is 20kV, the drawing speed is 8m / min, and the formic acid volatilization temperature is 50℃, to obtain secondary coaxial fibers.

[0065] The aerogel has a diameter of 10-50 μm, and the intermediate fluid layer has a thickness of 5-20 μm. The mass ratio of aerogel fibers to hollow fibers is 1:3-5.

[0066] In step S4:

[0067] The basalt blended fiber yarn of the inner fabric has a fineness of 100-500 tex and a woven or knitted density of 20-100 needles / cm.

[0068] In the hydrophobic treatment of the outer fabric, the concentration of fluorine-free silane is 1-5 wt%, and the treatment method is vapor deposition or sol coating.

[0069] The hot melt adhesive of the binder has a melting point of 80-120℃, and the solid content of the waterborne polyurethane is 30-60%.

[0070] A heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric is prepared by a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0071] Example 1:

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered fabric, including the following steps:

[0073] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, a soluble polymer is used as the core fluid and basalt sol as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn under a high-voltage electric field (30kV) at a speed of 10m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers. The soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol at a mass concentration of 10%. The core fluid flow rate is 0.5 mL / h, the shell fluid flow rate is 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning distance is 50 mm.

[0074] PVA-1799 was added to water and stirred at 90℃ for 2 hours to prepare a 10% PVA spinning solution. The basalt component sol was prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder had a particle size of 5μm, and the solvent was water or ethanol. The sol had a solid content of 20%. A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core fluid pressure of 0.2MPa and a shell fluid pressure of 0.3MPa.

[0075] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in water at 25°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the PVA core layer, rinse 3 times, and dry in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain hollow fiber.

[0076] S3: Using coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fiber is used as the core layer, nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fiber is used as the shell layer. It is formed by electric field stretching and solvent evaporation. The electric field voltage is 20kV and the stretching speed is 10m / min. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation. The mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 6%. The outer diameter of the hollow fiber is 200μm and the inner diameter is 150μm.

[0077] Hydrochloric acid with pH=2 was added to 10wt% silica sol as a catalyst and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then squeezed into a coagulation bath of ethanol:water = 1:1 through a single-hole needle to form wet gel fibers. Aerogel fibers were obtained by freeze drying at -40℃ for 12 h.

[0078] Sodium-based montmorillonite was added to a 5wt% CTAB aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours, and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes. After washing, it was dried at 60℃ to obtain modified montmorillonite. Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20, stirred and dissolved at 60℃ for 4 hours, modified montmorillonite was added, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain a Nylon 6 solution containing 5% modified montmorillonite by mass.

[0079] Using a coaxial spinning machine, aerogel fiber was formed as the core layer, and a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite was formed as the shell layer. A high-voltage electric field of 20 kV was applied, the drawing speed was 8 m / min, and the formic acid evaporation temperature was 50 °C, resulting in secondary coaxial fibers. The aerogel diameter was 50 μm, and the thickness of the intermediate fluid layer was 20 μm. The mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber was 1:3.

[0080] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 80%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, which is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 120℃ for 1.0h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive. The adhesive is water-based polyurethane with a coating amount of 20g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 100℃, a pressure of 1.0MPa and a time of 4min to obtain a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0081] The inner fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn with a fineness of 300 tex and a woven or knitted density of 80 needles / cm. The outer fabric undergoes hydrophobic treatment with a fluorine-free silane concentration of 3 wt% via vapor deposition. The adhesive contains 50% waterborne polyurethane solids.

[0082] Example 2:

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 8%, while the rest are the same.

[0084] Example 3:

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 10%, while the rest are the same.

[0086] Example 4:

[0087] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber is 1:4, while the rest are the same.

[0088] Example 5:

[0089] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber is 1:5, while the rest are the same.

[0090] Comparative Example 1:

[0091] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, including the following steps:

[0092] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, a soluble polymer is used as the core fluid and basalt sol as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn under a high-voltage electric field (30kV) at a speed of 10m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers. The soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol at a mass concentration of 10%. The core fluid flow rate is 0.5 mL / h, the shell fluid flow rate is 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning distance is 50 mm.

[0093] PVA-1799 was added to water and stirred at 90℃ for 2 hours to prepare a 10% PVA spinning solution. The basalt component sol was prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder had a particle size of 5μm, and the solvent was water or ethanol. The sol had a solid content of 20%. A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core fluid pressure of 0.2MPa and a shell fluid pressure of 0.3MPa.

[0094] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in water at 25°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the PVA core layer, rinse 3 times, and dry in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain hollow fiber.

[0095] S3: Using coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fiber is used as the core layer, nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fiber is used as the shell layer. It is formed by electric field stretching and solvent evaporation. The electric field voltage is 20kV and the stretching speed is 10m / min. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation. The mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 4%. The outer diameter of the hollow fiber is 200μm and the inner diameter is 150μm.

[0096] Hydrochloric acid with pH=2 was added to 10wt% silica sol as a catalyst and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then squeezed into a coagulation bath of ethanol:water = 1:1 through a single-hole needle to form wet gel fibers. Aerogel fibers were obtained by freeze drying at -40℃ for 12 h.

[0097] Sodium-based montmorillonite was added to a 5wt% CTAB aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours, and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes. After washing, it was dried at 60℃ to obtain modified montmorillonite. Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20, stirred and dissolved at 60℃ for 4 hours, modified montmorillonite was added, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain a Nylon 6 solution containing 5% modified montmorillonite by mass.

[0098] Using a coaxial spinning machine, aerogel fiber was formed as the core layer, and a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite was formed as the shell layer. A high-voltage electric field of 20 kV was applied, the drawing speed was 8 m / min, and the formic acid evaporation temperature was 50 °C, resulting in secondary coaxial fibers. The aerogel diameter was 50 μm, and the thickness of the intermediate fluid layer was 20 μm. The mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber was 1:3.

[0099] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 80%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, which is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 120℃ for 1.0h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive. The adhesive is water-based polyurethane with a coating amount of 20g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 100℃, a pressure of 1.0MPa and a time of 4min to obtain a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0100] The inner fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn with a fineness of 300 tex and a woven or knitted density of 80 needles / cm. The outer fabric undergoes hydrophobic treatment with a fluorine-free silane concentration of 3 wt% via vapor deposition. The adhesive contains 50% waterborne polyurethane solids.

[0101] Comparative Example 2:

[0102] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, including the following steps:

[0103] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, a soluble polymer is used as the core fluid and basalt sol as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn under a high-voltage electric field (30kV) at a speed of 10m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers. The soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol at a mass concentration of 10%. The core fluid flow rate is 0.5 mL / h, the shell fluid flow rate is 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning distance is 50 mm.

[0104] PVA-1799 was added to water and stirred at 90℃ for 2 hours to prepare a 10% PVA spinning solution. The basalt component sol was prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder had a particle size of 5μm, and the solvent was water or ethanol. The sol had a solid content of 20%. A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core fluid pressure of 0.2MPa and a shell fluid pressure of 0.3MPa.

[0105] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in water at 25°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the PVA core layer, rinse 3 times, and dry in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain hollow fiber.

[0106] S3: Using coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fiber is used as the core layer, nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fiber is used as the shell layer. It is formed by electric field stretching and solvent evaporation. The electric field voltage is 20kV and the stretching speed is 10m / min. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation. The mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 12%. The outer diameter of the hollow fiber is 200μm and the inner diameter is 150μm.

[0107] Hydrochloric acid with pH=2 was added to 10wt% silica sol as a catalyst and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then squeezed into a coagulation bath of ethanol:water = 1:1 through a single-hole needle to form wet gel fibers. Aerogel fibers were obtained by freeze drying at -40℃ for 12 h.

[0108] Sodium-based montmorillonite was added to a 5wt% CTAB aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours, and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes. After washing, it was dried at 60℃ to obtain modified montmorillonite. Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20, stirred and dissolved at 60℃ for 4 hours, modified montmorillonite was added, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite.

[0109] Using a coaxial spinning machine, aerogel fiber was formed as the core layer, and a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite was formed as the shell layer. A high-voltage electric field of 20 kV was applied, the drawing speed was 8 m / min, and the formic acid evaporation temperature was 50 °C, resulting in secondary coaxial fibers. The aerogel diameter was 50 μm, and the thickness of the intermediate fluid layer was 20 μm. The mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber was 1:3.

[0110] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 80%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, which is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 120℃ for 1.0h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive. The adhesive is water-based polyurethane with a coating amount of 20g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 100℃, a pressure of 1.0MPa and a time of 4min to obtain a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0111] The inner fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn with a fineness of 300 tex and a woven or knitted density of 80 needles / cm. The outer fabric undergoes hydrophobic treatment with a fluorine-free silane concentration of 3 wt% via vapor deposition. The adhesive contains 50% waterborne polyurethane solids.

[0112] Comparative Example 3:

[0113] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, including the following steps:

[0114] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, a soluble polymer is used as the core fluid and basalt sol as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn under a high-voltage electric field (30kV) at a speed of 10m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers. The soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol at a mass concentration of 10%. The core fluid flow rate is 0.5 mL / h, the shell fluid flow rate is 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning distance is 50 mm.

[0115] PVA-1799 was added to water and stirred at 90℃ for 2 hours to prepare a 10% PVA spinning solution. The basalt component sol was prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder had a particle size of 5μm, and the solvent was water or ethanol. The sol had a solid content of 20%. A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core fluid pressure of 0.2MPa and a shell fluid pressure of 0.3MPa.

[0116] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in water at 25°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the PVA core layer, rinse 3 times, and dry in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain hollow fiber.

[0117] S3: Using coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fiber is used as the core layer, nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fiber is used as the shell layer. It is formed by electric field stretching and solvent evaporation. The electric field voltage is 20kV and the stretching speed is 10m / min. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation. The mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 8%. The outer diameter of the hollow fiber is 200μm and the inner diameter is 150μm.

[0118] Hydrochloric acid with pH=2 was added to 10wt% silica sol as a catalyst and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then squeezed into a coagulation bath of ethanol:water = 1:1 through a single-hole needle to form wet gel fibers. Aerogel fibers were obtained by freeze drying at -40℃ for 12 h.

[0119] Sodium-based montmorillonite was added to a 5wt% CTAB aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours, and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes. After washing, it was dried at 60℃ to obtain modified montmorillonite. Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20, stirred and dissolved at 60℃ for 4 hours, modified montmorillonite was added, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite.

[0120] A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core layer of aerogel fiber and a shell layer of nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite. A high-voltage electric field of 20 kV was applied, the drawing speed was 8 m / min, and the formic acid evaporation temperature was 50 °C, to obtain secondary coaxial fibers. The aerogel diameter was 50 μm, and the thickness of the intermediate fluid layer was 20 μm. The mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber was 1:2.

[0121] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 80%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, which is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 120℃ for 1.0h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive. The adhesive is water-based polyurethane with a coating amount of 20g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 100℃, a pressure of 1.0MPa and a time of 4min to obtain a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0122] The inner fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn with a fineness of 300 tex and a woven or knitted density of 80 needles / cm. The outer fabric undergoes hydrophobic treatment with a fluorine-free silane concentration of 3 wt% via vapor deposition. The adhesive contains 50% waterborne polyurethane solids.

[0123] Comparative Example 4:

[0124] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, including the following steps:

[0125] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, a soluble polymer is used as the core fluid and basalt sol as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn under a high-voltage electric field (30kV) at a speed of 10m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers. The soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol at a mass concentration of 10%. The core fluid flow rate is 0.5 mL / h, the shell fluid flow rate is 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning distance is 50 mm.

[0126] PVA-1799 was added to water and stirred at 90℃ for 2 hours to prepare a 10% PVA spinning solution. The basalt component sol was prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder had a particle size of 5μm, and the solvent was water or ethanol. The sol had a solid content of 20%. A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core fluid pressure of 0.2MPa and a shell fluid pressure of 0.3MPa.

[0127] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in water at 25°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the PVA core layer, rinse 3 times, and dry in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain hollow fiber.

[0128] S3: Using coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fiber is used as the core layer, nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fiber is used as the shell layer. It is formed by electric field stretching and solvent evaporation. The electric field voltage is 20kV and the stretching speed is 10m / min. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation. The mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 8%. The outer diameter of the hollow fiber is 200μm and the inner diameter is 150μm.

[0129] Hydrochloric acid with pH=2 was added to 10wt% silica sol as a catalyst and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then squeezed into a coagulation bath of ethanol:water = 1:1 through a single-hole needle to form wet gel fibers. Aerogel fibers were obtained by freeze drying at -40℃ for 12 h.

[0130] Sodium-based montmorillonite was added to a 5wt% CTAB aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours, and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes. After washing, it was dried at 60℃ to obtain modified montmorillonite. Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20, stirred and dissolved at 60℃ for 4 hours, modified montmorillonite was added, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite.

[0131] A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core layer of aerogel fiber and a shell layer of nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite. A high-voltage electric field of 20 kV was applied, the drawing speed was 8 m / min, and the formic acid evaporation temperature was 50 °C, resulting in secondary coaxial fibers. The aerogel diameter was 50 μm, and the thickness of the intermediate fluid layer was 20 μm. The mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber was 1:6.

[0132] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 80%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, which is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 120℃ for 1.0h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive. The adhesive is water-based polyurethane with a coating amount of 20g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 100℃, a pressure of 1.0MPa and a time of 4min to obtain a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0133] The inner fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn with a fineness of 300 tex and a woven or knitted density of 80 needles / cm. The outer fabric undergoes hydrophobic treatment with a fluorine-free silane concentration of 3 wt% via vapor deposition. The adhesive contains 50% waterborne polyurethane solids.

[0134] Comparative Example 5:

[0135] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, including the following steps:

[0136] S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, a soluble polymer is used as the core fluid and basalt sol as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn under a high-voltage electric field (30kV) at a speed of 10m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers. The soluble polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol at a mass concentration of 10%. The core fluid flow rate is 0.5 mL / h, the shell fluid flow rate is 1.0 mL / h, and the spinning distance is 50 mm.

[0137] PVA-1799 was added to water and stirred at 90℃ for 2 hours to prepare a 10% PVA spinning solution. The basalt component sol was prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder had a particle size of 5μm, and the solvent was water or ethanol. The sol had a solid content of 20%. A coaxial spinning machine was used, with a core fluid pressure of 0.2MPa and a shell fluid pressure of 0.3MPa.

[0138] S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in water at 25°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the PVA core layer, rinse 3 times, and dry in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain hollow fiber.

[0139] S3: Using coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fiber is used as the core layer, nylon 6 solution is used as the intermediate fluid layer, and hollow fiber is used as the shell layer. It is formed by electric field stretching and solvent evaporation. The electric field voltage is 20kV and the stretching speed is 10m / min. The outer diameter of the hollow fiber is 200μm and the inner diameter is 150μm.

[0140] Hydrochloric acid with pH=2 was added to 10wt% silica sol as a catalyst and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then squeezed into a coagulation bath of ethanol:water = 1:1 through a single-hole needle to form wet gel fibers. Aerogel fibers were obtained by freeze drying at -40℃ for 12 h.

[0141] Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20 and stirred at 60°C for 4 hours to dissolve, thus obtaining a nylon 6 solution.

[0142] Using a coaxial spinning machine, aerogel fiber was formed as the core layer, and a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite was formed as the shell layer. A high-voltage electric field of 20 kV was applied, the drawing speed was 8 m / min, and the formic acid evaporation temperature was 50 °C, resulting in secondary coaxial fibers. The aerogel diameter was 50 μm, and the thickness of the intermediate fluid layer was 20 μm. The mass ratio of aerogel fiber to hollow fiber was 1:4.

[0143] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 80%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, which is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 120℃ for 1.0h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive. The adhesive is water-based polyurethane with a coating amount of 20g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 100℃, a pressure of 1.0MPa and a time of 4min to obtain a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0144] The inner fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn with a fineness of 300 tex and a woven or knitted density of 80 needles / cm. The outer fabric undergoes hydrophobic treatment with a fluorine-free silane concentration of 3 wt% via vapor deposition. The adhesive contains 50% waterborne polyurethane solids.

[0145] Comparative Example 6:

[0146] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric, including the following steps:

[0147] S1: Using spinning technology, basalt component sol is used as the fluid and stretched and shaped by a high-voltage electric field. The high-voltage electric field voltage is 30kV, the stretching speed is 10m / min, and nascent fibers are obtained. The fluid flow rate is 1.0 mL / h and the spinning distance is 50mm.

[0148] The basalt component sol was prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder had a particle size of 5 μm, and the solvent was water or ethanol. The sol had a solid content of 20% and a fluid pressure of 0.3 MPa.

[0149] S2: Immerse the nascent fibers in water at 25°C, rinse 3 times, and dry them in a forced-air dryer at 60°C for 2 hours to obtain basalt fibers.

[0150] S3: Basalt fiber, nylon fiber and aerogel fiber are wrapped and spun separately, with aerogel fiber and basalt fiber as core yarn and nylon fiber as outer yarn. The core yarn in each wrapped yarn contains two aerogel fibers and two basalt fibers, and the mass ratio of aerogel fiber to basalt fiber is 1:4. Modified montmorillonite is treated with alkyl ammonium salt intercalation, and the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 8%.

[0151] Hydrochloric acid with pH=2 was added to 10wt% silica sol as a catalyst and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then squeezed into a coagulation bath of ethanol:water = 1:1 through a single-hole needle to form wet gel fibers. Aerogel fibers were obtained by freeze drying at -40℃ for 12 h.

[0152] Sodium-based montmorillonite was added to a 5wt% CTAB aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stirred at 80℃ for 4 hours, and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes. After washing, it was dried at 60℃ to obtain modified montmorillonite. Nylon 6 slices were added to 88% formic acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 3:20, stirred and dissolved at 60℃ for 4 hours, modified montmorillonite was added, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to obtain a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite.

[0153] S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface. The basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber is 80%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, which is treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 120℃ for 1.0h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric and outer layer fabric are laminated together using an adhesive. The adhesive is water-based polyurethane with a coating amount of 20g / m², a hot pressing temperature of 100℃, a pressure of 1.0MPa and a time of 4min to obtain a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric.

[0154] The inner fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn with a fineness of 300 tex and a woven or knitted density of 80 needles / cm. The outer fabric undergoes hydrophobic treatment with a fluorine-free silane concentration of 3 wt% via vapor deposition. The adhesive contains 50% waterborne polyurethane solids.

[0155] Test experiment:

[0156] Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were subjected to secondary coaxial fiber core-shell interface bonding force test, secondary coaxial fiber bending radius test, and composite fabric thermal resistance value test, respectively, in accordance with national standards GB / T 1040.1-2018, GB / T 18318-2001, and GB / T 11048-2008. The test parameters were the maximum force, bending radius, and thermal resistance value when the core and shell separated, respectively. The test data are shown in Table 1.

[0157] Table 1 Test data of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6

[0158] Data source Maximum force (N) during core-shell separation Bending radius (mm) <![CDATA[Thermal resistance (m 2 ·K / W)]]> Example 1 0.26 4.4 0.82 Example 2 0.30 4.0 0.87 Example 3 0.27 4.3 0.81 Example 4 0.33 3.7 0.90 Example 5 0.29 4.1 0.85 Comparative Example 1 0.18 5.2 0.68 Comparative Example 2 0.17 5.4 0.67 Comparative Example 3 0.16 5.3 0.67 Comparative Example 4 0.15 5.4 0.66 Comparative Example 5 0.11 6.5 0.54 Comparative Example 6 0.05 7.9 0.43

[0159] As shown in Table 1, the maximum force and thermal resistance during core-shell separation in Examples 1-5 are greater than those in Comparative Examples 1-6, and the bending radius of Examples 1-5 is smaller than that in Comparative Examples 1-6. Therefore, this application has advantages.

[0160] In Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, as the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 increases, the maximum force and thermal resistance during core-shell separation first increase and then decrease, while the bending radius first decreases and then increases. This is because when the mass fraction of montmorillonite increases within a reasonable range, it intercalates into the gaps between nylon 6 molecular chains through alkylammonium salt intercalation. The layered structure forms a mechanical interlock with the aerogel pores and basalt micropores, and the surface silanol groups form hydrogen bonds with the nylon 6 amide bonds, synergistically enhancing the core-shell interface bonding force. At the same time, the thermal barrier labyrinth structure of montmorillonite inhibits heat transfer, improves the high-temperature decomposition resistance of nylon 6, strengthens the core-shell synergistic stability, and increases the thermal resistance of the composite fabric. In addition, appropriate intercalation reduces the entanglement of nylon 6 molecular chains, and the flexible aerogel filling neutralizes the rigidity of basalt, reducing the bending radius of the composite structure. Overall, the synergistic enhancement of interface bonding, thermal insulation, and comfort is achieved. However, when the mass fraction continues to increase beyond a reasonable range, the montmorillonite sheets tend to agglomerate and cannot be evenly dispersed. The destruction of the intercalation structure weakens the mechanical interlocking and hydrogen bonding, resulting in a decrease in interfacial bonding force. The agglomerates become irregular in their pathways that hinder heat transfer, reducing the thermal barrier effect and decreasing the thermal resistance value. Excessive montmorillonite also increases the rigidity of nylon 6, offsetting the flexible filling effect of the aerogel, increasing the bending radius, and ultimately losing its advantage in terms of dependence on small-scale parameters. The preferred embodiment is Example 2.

[0161] In Examples 2, 4-5, and Comparative Examples 3-4, as the mass proportion of hollow fibers in aerogel fibers and hollow fibers gradually increases, the maximum force and thermal resistance during core-shell separation first increase and then decrease, while the bending radius first decreases and then increases. This is because when the mass proportion of hollow fibers gradually increases within a reasonable range, the hydrogen bonding between its high-rigidity skeleton and the secondary coaxial fiber shell nylon 6, as well as the mechanical interlocking of the micro-undulating interface, gradually strengthen, increasing the maximum force during core-shell separation. Simultaneously, the rigid skeleton and the flexible filling of the aerogel form a moderate balance. The ultraporous network of the aerogel inhibits heat conduction, and the protection of basalt and the thermal barrier effect of modified nylon 6 work synergistically to increase the thermal resistance. Furthermore, a suitable amount of rigidity is neutralized by flexibility, reducing the bending radius of the composite structure and achieving synergistic optimization of interface bonding, thermal insulation, and comfort. However, when the proportion continues to increase beyond a reasonable range, the flexible filling of the aerogel is insufficient and cannot offset the superposition of rigidity, leading to a loose structure and decreased interface bonding. Excessive rigidity accelerates heat conduction, reducing the thermal resistance; simultaneously, the accumulation of rigidity increases the bending radius. Example 4 is the preferred embodiment.

[0162] In Comparative Example 5, the mechanical interlocking of the modified montmorillonite through the intercalation of alkylammonium salts into the gaps between nylon 6 molecular chains and the hydrogen bonding between silanol groups and amide bonds both disappeared. The core-shell interface of the secondary coaxial fibers was maintained only by van der Waals forces, resulting in a significant decrease in the maximum force during core-shell separation compared to Example 4. At the same time, without the neutralization of the rigidity of nylon 6 by montmorillonite, the high modulus rigidity of the basalt shell fibers was not fully offset, and the bending radius of the composite structure increased compared to Example 4. In addition, without the thermal barrier labyrinth structure of montmorillonite, the thermal resistance of the composite fabric decreased compared to Example 4.

[0163] Comparative Example 6 relies solely on the mechanical wrapping of the outer winding to maintain the interface, which fails to form hydrogen bonds and mechanical interlocking enhanced by montmorillonite intercalation, resulting in the weakest maximum force during core-shell separation. In the wrapped structure, the rigidity of the basalt fiber is not fully neutralized by the flexibility of the aerogel; instead, the rigidity accumulates due to the superposition effect of the outer winding, resulting in the largest bending radius of the composite structure. At the same time, the absence of a coaxial structure makes the heat conduction path more direct, resulting in the lowest thermal resistance.

[0164] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered fabric, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Using coaxial spinning technology, soluble polymers are used as the core fluid and basalt component sol is used as the shell fluid. The fibers are drawn and shaped under a high voltage electric field with a voltage of 10-50kV and a drawing speed of 5-20m / min to obtain nascent coaxial fibers. S2: Immerse the nascent fiber in a solvent, such as water or an organic solvent, for 30-120 minutes to dissolve the soluble part of the core layer. After washing and drying, hollow fiber with only the basalt shell layer remains is obtained. S3: Utilizing coaxial spinning technology, aerogel fibers are used as the core layer, a nylon 6 solution containing modified montmorillonite is used as the intermediate fluid, and hollow fibers are used as the shell layer. The fibers are drawn under an electric field and solvent evaporates. The electric field voltage is 5-30kV, and the drawing speed is 3-15m / min, forming secondary coaxial fibers. The modified montmorillonite is treated with alkylammonium salt intercalation, and the mass fraction of montmorillonite in nylon 6 is 6-10%. S4: The secondary coaxial fiber is woven as warp yarn to obtain the middle layer fabric; the inner layer fabric uses basalt blended fiber yarn as warp and weft, and is formed by machine weaving or knitting to form the basic fabric surface, with the basalt mass fraction in the basalt blended fiber being 60-90%; the outer layer fabric is made of polyester fiber fabric, treated with a fluorine-free silane hydrophobic process at a temperature of 80-150℃ for 0.5-2h; the inner layer fabric, middle layer fabric, and outer layer fabric are laminated and composited using an adhesive to obtain a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric.

2. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soluble polymer includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, or polyethylene oxide, with a mass concentration of 5-20%.

3. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basalt component sol is prepared by mixing basalt powder with a solvent. The basalt powder has a particle size of 1-10 μm, the solvent is water or ethanol, and the sol has a solid content of 10-30%.

4. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow fiber has an outer diameter of 80-200 μm and an inner diameter of 50-150 μm.

5. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the aerogel fiber includes freeze drying or supercritical drying, with freeze drying at a temperature of -50 to -10°C for 5-24 hours; or supercritical drying at a pressure of 10-20 MPa and a temperature of 40-60°C.

6. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkylammonium salt of the modified montmorillonite is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the intercalation treatment temperature is 60-90℃ for 2-6 hours.

7. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basalt blended fiber yarn of the inner layer fabric has a fineness of 100-500 tex and a woven or knitted density of 20-100 needles / cm.

8. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the hydrophobic treatment of the outer fabric, the concentration of fluorine-free silane is 1-5 wt%, and the treatment method is vapor deposition or sol coating.

9. The method for preparing a heat-storing and temperature-locking layered structure fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot melt adhesive of the adhesive has a melting point temperature of 80-120℃ and a waterborne polyurethane solid content of 30-60%.

10. A heat-storing and temperature-locking layered fabric, characterized in that, The fabric is prepared according to any one of the methods for preparing a heat-storing and heat-locking layered structure fabric according to claims 1-9.

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