An on-line preparation device for killing and sterilizing by plasma activated water with double ionization zones and a method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of activated water preparation, in particular to a kind of plasma activated water online preparation and killing device and method of cooperation of double ionization region, by multi-source sensor fusion complete scene recognition, automatically match outdoor or indoor mode, combine equipment power reserve, real-time state of liquid resources, dynamically control the start-stop combination of double ionization region, operating power and pressurizing unit operating parameter, while recording the execution effect of killing task to form scene-strategy-effect mapping relationship, optimize subsequent control decision.The present application realizes the online instantaneous preparation of plasma activated water, greatly improves ionization efficiency through the synergistic effect of double ionization region, multi-stage cyclone structure strengthens gas-liquid mixing and optimizes atomization quality, intelligent grading control strategy adapts to multiple types of killing scene, while ensuring the killing efficiency, reduces water and electricity resource waste, with high efficiency, instantaneity and intelligent characteristics, wide application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of activated water preparation technology, specifically to an online plasma-activated water preparation and disinfection device and method with dual ionization region synergy. Background Technology

[0002] Plasma-activated water is an aqueous solution with specific chemical activity obtained by treating ordinary water with low-temperature plasma. Due to its excellent disinfection performance, it has been widely used in many disinfection fields such as public health, food processing, household cleaning, and industrial production, becoming one of the green and efficient disinfection media. Currently, the mainstream plasma-activated water preparation technologies in the industry are mainly divided into two categories: one is to directly introduce a gaseous plasma jet into the water body, relying on gas-liquid mass transfer to achieve water activation and modification; the other is to directly perform discharge treatment inside the water body, preparing plasma-activated water by generating plasma in situ.

[0003] Although the two aforementioned preparation technologies have enabled the application of plasma-activated water, numerous unresolved technical shortcomings have been exposed in practical disinfection scenarios, severely limiting the promotion and application of plasma-activated water: First, preparation and delivery efficiency are limited. Both technologies suffer from long preparation cycles and low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, making it impossible to achieve immediate generation and rapid delivery of activated water, which is insufficient to meet the immediate needs of scenarios such as emergency disinfection and mobile disinfection. Second, the stability of activated water is poor. The active particles in plasma-activated water have short activity cycles. During storage, the active components of pre-prepared activated water will rapidly decay and become inactive in a short time, making long-term storage impossible. This not only wastes resources but also significantly reduces the disinfection effect. Third, the equipment lacks intelligence and scenario adaptability. Existing plasma-activated water preparation equipment has limited usage methods and a single control mode, lacking dynamic adjustment capabilities for different disinfection scenarios. Its intelligence level is low, making it difficult to adapt to complex and varied application scenarios such as large-area outdoor disinfection, indoor enclosed space disinfection, and precise small-scale disinfection. It also suffers from low resource utilization efficiency and high operating costs.

[0004] In the prior art, such as the dual-mode atmospheric pressure plasma activated water generation system and method disclosed in Chinese invention patent application CN202511626839.0 and the array-type plasma activated water atomization disinfection device disclosed in Chinese utility model patent application CN202322890857.2, although they have improved the plasma activated water preparation and disinfection equipment and optimized the activated water generation method or atomization disinfection structure to a certain extent, they still have not fundamentally solved the core problems of long preparation cycle, poor stability, low scene adaptability and low level of intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online preparation and disinfection device and method for plasma-activated water with dual ionization regions, which solves the problems of traditional preparation methods, such as the need for pre-preparation, long preparation time, poor stability, and limited application scenarios; by pre-ionizing high-pressure gas and mixing it with liquid for swirling and then ionizing it again, the ionization efficiency is improved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is: an online preparation and disinfection device for plasma-activated water with dual ionization zone synergy, comprising a dual ionization zone actuator nozzle and a control system, wherein the dual ionization zone actuator nozzle comprises a spray bar assembly, a housing and a connecting section; The spray bar assembly includes a spray bar head and a spray bar body. Both the spray bar head and the spray bar body have internal liquid flow channels that are interconnected. The end of the spray bar head has a spray hole with a cross-hole structure. A first cyclone separator is provided at the outer ring of the spray hole area, and the first cyclone separator is coaxially arranged with the cross-hole structure. A second cyclone separator is provided at the transition section between the spray bar head and the spray bar body. The spray bar head also has a support hole that connects the internal liquid flow channel of the spray bar assembly with the internal air passage. The internal air passage is located between the spray bar assembly and the first inner shell of the housing. The housing includes a first inner shell, a second inner shell, and an outer shell, wherein the second inner shell and the outer shell have the same length, the first inner shell is fitted inside the second inner shell and the length of the first inner shell is shorter than that of the second inner shell; a contraction-expansion nozzle structure is provided at the outlet of the second inner shell, and a sensing probe is installed at the outlet end of the housing. The sensing probe is connected to the control system through a wiring groove provided between the second inner shell and the outer shell; an external flow channel is formed between the first inner shell and the second inner shell, and a cyclone separator group is provided at the end of the external flow channel. The cyclone separator group is arranged adjacent to the contraction-expansion nozzle structure, and an ionization system is provided on the housing. The connecting section includes an insulating connector and an insulating water pipe. The insulating connector is connected to the insulating water pipe and is also connected to the spray bar body to achieve electrical isolation of the spray bar body.

[0007] In another embodiment of the present invention, the ionization system includes an annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group, an annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode, and an annular secondary ionization grounding electrode; wherein the annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group is disposed on the outer periphery of the converging and expanding nozzle structure and is located in the outlet section between the second inner shell and the outer shell, the nozzle head serves as the main ionization grounding electrode, and cooperates with the annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group to construct a needle-ring discharge electric field, forming the main ionization region I; the annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode is disposed in the inlet section between the second inner shell and the outer shell, and cooperates with the annular secondary ionization grounding electrode to form the secondary ionization region II.

[0008] In another implementation of the present invention, the cross hole structure is arranged at a preset angle, and the branch hole is an outwardly inclined hole structure, which is set at a preset inclined angle with the internal liquid flow channel.

[0009] In another implementation of the present invention, the annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group is located downstream of the contraction-expansion nozzle structure. It consists of multiple annular high-voltage electrodes with adapted spacing. When energized, a capacitive coupling electric field is formed between adjacent annular high-voltage electrodes, and magnetic dipoles are induced at the electrode boundaries to establish an auxiliary electric field parallel to the electrode edges.

[0010] In another embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the insulating water pipe is a high-pressure water delivery channel, which is connected to the liquid flow channel inside the spray bar body; the annular secondary ionization grounding electrode is sleeved on the insulating water pipe and fixedly connected to the second inner shell through a connector.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for online preparation and disinfection of plasma-activated water based on the above-mentioned device, comprising the following steps: The disinfection scenario is determined by multi-source sensor fusion. After the control system comprehensively processes the environmental and target data collected by the sensors, it automatically matches the corresponding working mode. The control system monitors the power reserve status and liquid resource status of the equipment in real time and acquires resource monitoring data. Based on the matched working mode and the acquired resource monitoring data, the working parameters of the ionization system and the pressurization unit are dynamically adjusted to control the start-stop combination and operating power of the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II; Record the execution effect of each disinfection task to form a mapping relationship between scenario, strategy and effect, and use it to optimize subsequent control decisions.

[0012] In another implementation of the present invention, the working mode includes an outdoor working mode and an indoor working mode, and the multi-source sensor includes a machine vision sensor, a light sensor and a sound sensor, which respectively collect the features of the target to be disinfected, the ambient light features and the ambient sound features.

[0013] In another implementation of the present invention, the outdoor working mode automatically switches to a power-priority, liquid-priority, or resource-sufficient working state based on the sufficiency of power reserves and liquid resources: Power-priority state: When power reserves are scarce, the output pressure of the pressurizing unit is limited, and only the main ionization zone I is activated; Liquid-priority state: When power reserves are sufficient and liquid resources are scarce, the output power of the pressurizing unit is limited, and both the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II are activated; Resource-sufficient state: When both power reserves and liquid resources are sufficient, the operating restrictions on the pressurizing unit and the ionization system are lifted, the pressurizing unit operates at full power, and the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II operate at full power simultaneously.

[0014] In another implementation of the present invention, when switching between different working states in the outdoor working mode, a lag period and a parameter gradual transition mechanism are set to avoid frequent switching of working states due to boundary fluctuations in resource monitoring data.

[0015] In another implementation of the present invention, the indoor working mode defaults to the best performance state, that is, the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II work synchronously and the pressurization unit operates at full power. At the same time, the proximity sensing mechanism is enabled, and when personnel are detected approaching, it automatically switches to the safe operating state. After the personnel leave and after a delay confirmation, the best performance state is restored.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects: 1. This invention adopts an online instantaneous plasma-activated water preparation process, which abandons the traditional pre-preparation mode and fundamentally solves the technical problems of long preparation cycle, easy decay of active particles during storage, and poor overall stability in traditional preparation methods. It completely avoids the loss of activity of activated water due to storage, ensures that the prepared activated water is always in the best active state, and at the same time greatly improves the response speed of disinfection operations to meet the application needs of instant disinfection.

[0017] 2. This invention employs a dual-ionization zone synergistic ionization design. It utilizes an annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode to pre-ionize the gas, forming a plasma ion wind. The ion wind is then fully pre-mixed with atomized droplets to form a gas-liquid mixed spray. This is further enhanced by an annular primary ionization high-voltage electrode assembly to perform secondary deep ionization on the gas-liquid mixed spray. This achieves synergistic enhancement between pre-ionization and primary ionization, significantly improving the overall ionization efficiency and the concentration of active particles generated, thereby greatly enhancing the disinfection efficiency of plasma-activated water.

[0018] 3. This invention, through the synergistic design of the cross-hole structure at the nozzle, the multi-stage cyclone separator, and the shell expansion and contraction nozzle structure, continuously enhances the mixing effect of the gas and liquid phases during spray preparation and delivery. At the same time, it refines the atomized particles in multiple stages, effectively optimizing the atomization quality, making the atomized droplet particle size distribution more uniform and the specific surface area larger, further improving the sufficiency of the ionization reaction and the uniformity of the spray disinfection coverage.

[0019] 4. This invention can dynamically adjust the equipment's operating parameters according to different needs of actual disinfection scenarios, enabling flexible start-up and shutdown of the main and auxiliary ionization zones and power adaptation. While ensuring disinfection effectiveness, it minimizes the waste of water, electricity, and other resources, achieving efficient resource utilization. This allows the preparation of plasma-activated water and disinfection operations to be efficient, immediate, and intelligent, and can be widely adapted to various complex and changeable disinfection scenarios, such as indoor and outdoor environments, thus improving the equipment's scenario applicability and practical application value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of an online disinfection device for plasma-activated water preparation with dual ionization regions; Figure 2 Detailed schematic diagram of the online preparation and disinfection device for plasma-activated water with dual ionization region synergy; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of an online disinfection method using plasma-activated water. Figure 4 Flowchart of a method for online preparation of disinfection water using plasma-activated water; The numbers in the diagram are explained as follows: 1. Spray bar assembly; 2. Housing; 3. Connecting section; 11. Spray hole; 12. Spray bar head; 13. Spray bar body; 111. Cross hole structure; 112. First cyclone; 113. Support hole; 121. Second cyclone; 211. Induction probe; 212. Outlet; 213. Cyclone assembly; 214. External flow channel; 215. Wiring groove; 216. Connector; 221. Annular main ionization high-voltage electrode assembly; 222. Annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode; 223. Annular secondary ionization grounding electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention discloses an online preparation and disinfection device for plasma-activated water with dual ionization regions and a disinfection method based on the device. Through the structural design of dual ionization regions synergistic ionization and multi-stage swirling atomization, the online instantaneous preparation of plasma-activated water is achieved. Combined with intelligent control logic of scene recognition, resource perception and hierarchical regulation, it adapts to the disinfection needs of multiple scenarios and takes into account the preparation efficiency, disinfection effectiveness and resource utilization. The following two embodiments will be used to describe the device structure, working mechanism and disinfection method in detail.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1-2As shown, the plasma-activated water online preparation and disinfection device with dual ionization zones in this embodiment includes a dual ionization zone actuator nozzle and a control system. The dual ionization zone actuator nozzle is the execution component for plasma-activated water preparation and spraying, and is coaxially assembled from a spray bar assembly 1, a housing 2, and a connecting section 3. The control system is electrically connected to the actuator nozzle, receives sensor data, and dynamically adjusts the equipment's operating parameters to achieve intelligent preparation and disinfection of activated water. The specific structures of each component are as follows: The spray bar assembly 1 is the core of the device for liquid-gas delivery and preliminary atomization. It is an integrated metal structure, including a spray hole 11, a spray bar head 12, and a spray bar body 13. Both the spray bar head 12 and the spray bar body 13 have interconnected internal liquid channels, and high-pressure water can be transported unidirectionally from the spray bar body 13 to the spray bar head 12 along the channels.

[0024] The spray boom body 13 is made of metal and has high-pressure bearing characteristics. One end is connected to the connecting section 3, and the other end is an integral structure with the spray boom head 12. The internal high-pressure water delivery channel can realize the stable transmission of high-pressure water, and at the same time, it serves as a connecting component to connect the high-pressure water pipe and the spray boom head 12. The spray boom head 12 is the end structure of the spray boom body 13. The shape and size of its internal channels and the layout of each functional component can be designed according to different working conditions to adapt to the atomization requirements of different disinfection conditions. The end of the spray boom head 12 is provided with a spray hole 11, which is preferably clamped at 25°. The corner-arranged cross-hole structure 111 can spray high-pressure water at a preset pressure to form a mist cone. After the two water streams are sprayed from the cross-hole structure 111, they cross and collide with each other, breaking the continuous water stream into dispersed droplets. The droplets are spatially distributed to form a cone-shaped spray pattern. The spray cone angle can be adjusted by the cross angle of the cross-hole structure 111 and the spray pressure. A first cyclone separator 112 is fixed at the outer ring of the spray hole 11 area. This cyclone separator is a single-stage cyclone separator, coaxially arranged with the cross-hole structure 111, and located at the end of the internal air passage 14. Its core function is to transport the airflow of the internal air passage 14 to the main ionization in a swirling manner. The area allows gas to rotate as it passes through, forming an airflow with a tangential velocity component. This airflow passes through the outer ring area of ​​the cross-hole structure 111 and remains coaxially distributed with the sprayed water mist. A second vortex generator 121 is provided at the transition section between the spray bar head 12 and the spray bar body 13. This vortex generator is located at the inner end of the spray bar body 13 and can apply axial vortex to the high-speed liquid entering the internal liquid flow channel, causing the liquid flow direction to deflect circumferentially and generate rotational motion, increasing the liquid kinetic energy, and allowing the liquid to accelerate towards the cross-hole structure 111 in a rotating state, improving the liquid's agitation effect at the spray hole. The spray bar head 12 also has... The branch hole 113 is preferably a hole structure with an outward angle of 60°. One end is connected to the internal liquid flow channel of the spray bar assembly 1, and the other end is connected to the internal gas passage 14. The internal gas passage 14 is located between the spray bar assembly 1 and the first inner shell of the housing 2. The branch hole 113 can spray out the rapidly rotating high-speed liquid, so that part of the rotating liquid is sprayed into the internal gas passage 14 area at a 60° angle. It is premixed with the gas in the internal gas passage 14 at the first cyclone separator 112. The swirling motion of the gas drives the liquid to rotate together to achieve gas-liquid mixing. The mixed gas-liquid two-phase medium is then transported to the main ionization zone for subsequent processing.

[0025] The housing 2 is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material, serving as the insulating medium for discharge. It has a three-layer nested structure, including a first inner shell, a second inner shell, and an outer shell. The second inner shell and the outer shell have the same length, and the first inner shell is nested inside the second inner shell and is shorter than the second inner shell. The housing 2 integrates a flow channel structure, sensing components, swirling components, and an ionization system. It is the core area for enhanced gas-liquid mixing, spray acceleration, and plasma ionization. The structural layout and functions are as follows: Flow channel structure: An external flow channel 214 is formed between the first inner shell and the second inner shell, serving as a transmission channel for high-pressure gas; a contraction-expansion nozzle structure is provided at the outlet 212 of the second inner shell. This structure redistributes the fluid kinetic energy through changes in the flow channel cross-section. The contraction section converts pressure energy into kinetic energy, enabling the mixture of water mist and swirling air to achieve higher speeds, while the expansion section controls the stability of the flow field, ensuring that the accelerated mixture maintains its directional motion characteristics. This allows the mixture to pass through the main ionization zone I more quickly and achieve a greater lift, meeting various application needs from close-range precision disinfection to long-range large-area coverage; Sensing components: A sensing probe 211 is installed at the outlet end of the shell 2. This probe is located at the final outlet position of the spray jet, and is connected to the second inner shell via a sensor. The wiring groove 215 between the inner and outer shells is connected to the control system, which can directly detect the spray state after ionization treatment and the environmental parameters of the target area. The collected data is transmitted to the control system for analysis and processing via the signal lines within the wiring groove 215, enabling the identification of the scene and the target organisms. Swirl component: A swirler assembly 213 is installed at the end of the external flow channel 214. This swirler assembly 213 is arranged adjacent to the converging and expanding nozzle structure and consists of at least two stages of swirlers. The number of blades and the swirling angle can be kept completely consistent or adjusted to different parameters as needed. The number of blades and the swirling angle of the two stages of swirlers are independent design variables, which can be flexibly set during the design or operation phase to form various parameter combinations, thereby adjusting... The intensity and velocity distribution of the swirling flow field enable secondary breakup of the spray droplets and enhanced gas-liquid mixing. The ionization system on the shell 2 is a dual-ionization zone, comprising an annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group 221, a nozzle head 12 serving as the main ionization ground electrode, an annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode 222, and an annular secondary ionization ground electrode 223. These four components respectively assume the roles of high-voltage potential and ground potential, forming a specific electric field distribution in space to provide the necessary electrical conditions for dielectric barrier discharge. The annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group 221 is located on the outer periphery of the converging nozzle structure, at the outlet section between the second inner shell and the outer shell, downstream of the converging nozzle structure, and adjacent to the front end of the wiring groove 215. This electrode group consists of multiple... Composed of closely spaced annular high-voltage electrodes, which work together with the nozzle head 12 to form a needle-ring discharge electric field to create the main ionization region I. The tip structure of the nozzle head 12 serves as the needle electrode, and the annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group 221 serves as the ring electrode. A strong electric field region is formed between the two, which induces gas ionization to generate plasma. When energized, not only is a traditional capacitive coupling electric field formed between the electrodes of adjacent phases, but magnetic dipoles are also induced at the electrode boundaries, thereby establishing an electric field parallel to the electrode edges to assist the ionization inside the main ionization region I. This positional layout ensures that the mixture accelerated from the converging and expanding nozzle structure enters the main ionization region I with the optimal flow rate and flow field state, and all spray droplets must pass through this electric field space to achieve full ionization of the spray.The annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode 222 is located at the inlet section between the second inner shell and the outer shell, maintaining a sufficient axial distance from the front end of the spray bar 13 to prevent electric field distortion or induced discharge between them. The annular secondary ionization grounding electrode 223 is sleeved on the insulating water pipe 32 of the connecting section 3 and fixedly connected to the second inner shell through the connector 216, achieving mechanical fixation and electrical connection with the shell structure to ensure stable and reliable grounding potential. The annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode 222 and the annular secondary ionization grounding electrode 223 cooperate to form the secondary ionization region II. This ionization region is arranged in the upstream gas passage of the main ionization region I, which can pre-ionize the gas before it enters the main ionization region I, generating low-temperature plasma through corona discharge, causing gas molecules to ionize, dissociate, or be excited to generate active particles, providing a more reactive gas phase environment for the main ionization region I.

[0026] The connecting section 3 includes an insulating connector 31 and an insulating water pipe 32, which are the high-pressure water input and electrical isolation components of the device. The inside of the insulating water pipe 32 is a high-pressure water delivery channel, which is connected to the liquid flow channel inside the spray bar body 13, so as to realize the stable transmission of high-pressure water from the water supply system to the spray bar assembly 1. The insulating connector 31 is made of insulating material. One end of it is fixedly connected to the insulating water pipe 32, and the other end is connected to the front end of the spray bar body 13 by thread. This can realize the electrical isolation between the spray bar body 13 and the housing 2, so as to avoid the spray bar body 13 interfering with the ionization process of the secondary ionization region II.

[0027] The core working mechanism of this device is to combine parameters such as the size of the environmental space, the distribution of target objects, and the required disinfection intensity to determine the start-up and shutdown combination and operating parameters of the main ionization zone I and the secondary ionization zone II, so as to realize the on-demand preparation of plasma-activated water. Specifically, it is divided into two modes: only the main ionization zone I operates and the main and secondary ionization zones operate in tandem. Only the main ionization zone I is activated: After the high-pressure gas enters the nozzle assembly through the gas path, it is divided into two paths. One path enters the external gas path of the external flow channel 214 and is blown out at high speed by the cyclone group 213. The other path enters the internal gas path 14 between the spray bar group and the first inner shell. The gas entering the internal gas path 14 mixes with the droplets atomized through the branch hole 113. The branch hole 113 breaks the liquid into tiny droplets and initially mixes with the gas to form a gas-liquid two-phase flow. Then, the gas-liquid two-phase flow is accelerated and ejected through the first cyclone 112. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is further mixed and initially broken to form a preliminary spray. The spray is broken up a second time under the high-speed swirling action of the cyclone group 213. The strong shear force and turbulent pulsation generated by the cyclone group 213 cause the droplets to be further split into even smaller droplets. The tiny droplets are accelerated by the converging and expanding nozzle structure and enter the main ionization zone I to complete ionization, finally forming plasma-activated water. The main and auxiliary ionization zones operate simultaneously: the gas in the gas path first enters the auxiliary ionization zone II for primary ionization. Corona discharge between the annular auxiliary ionization high-voltage electrode 222 and the annular auxiliary ionization grounding electrode 223 ionizes the gas molecules, generating a plasma wind containing active particles, free radicals, and charged particles. Subsequently, the plasma wind splits into two paths: one path is blown out at high speed from the cyclone separator group 213 through the external flow channel 214, and the other path enters the internal gas path 14, mixing with the atomized droplets through the branch holes 113. The active particles in the plasma wind fully contact the droplets and act on their surface and interior, pre-preparing activated water to form a... The premixed aerosol contains bubbles and plasma cavities. The bubbles are formed by the gas encapsulation during the mixing process of plasma wind and droplets, and the plasma cavities are formed by local low-density regions generated by active particles in the liquid phase. The premixed aerosol is then accelerated and ejected through the first cyclone separator 112 and initially broken up. It is then broken up a second time under the high-speed swirling action of the cyclone separator group 213. The droplets are further refined and then obtain higher kinetic energy through the converging and expanding nozzle structure. Finally, it enters the main ionization region I and undergoes deep ionization through the needle-ring discharge electric field formed by the annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group 221 and the nozzle head 12, ultimately obtaining plasma-rich activated water.

[0028] Example 2 This embodiment provides a plasma-activated water online preparation and disinfection method based on the device described in Embodiment 1. This method achieves hierarchical control based on scene recognition and resource status perception. Through precise scene judgment, multi-dimensional resource assessment, and hierarchical strategy execution, it achieves an adaptive balance between equipment resource consumption and sustainable operation while ensuring disinfection efficiency. The specific steps include: S1. Scene Recognition and Pattern Selection The disinfection scenario is determined by multi-source sensor fusion. The multi-source sensors include a machine vision sensor, a light sensor, and a sound sensor integrated into the sensing probe 211. The machine vision sensor identifies the environment type and the characteristics of the target to be disinfected, the light sensor collects the ambient light characteristics, and the sound sensor simultaneously collects the ambient sound characteristics. After the control system comprehensively analyzes and processes the environmental and target data collected by each sensor, it automatically matches a preset working mode. The working modes of this method are mainly divided into outdoor working mode and indoor working mode. After the mode is determined, the system will dynamically adjust the working parameters of the ionization system and the water pump according to the real-time power and water resource status.

[0029] S2, Resource Status Awareness The control system monitors the power reserve and liquid resource status of the equipment in real time through the built-in monitoring module, and obtains complete resource monitoring data. The power reserve status includes the remaining power and sustainable working time of the equipment (obtained through battery power), and the liquid resource status includes the amount of high-pressure water (obtained through liquid level sensor), providing data support for subsequent adjustment of working parameters.

[0030] S3, Hierarchical Control and Working Status Execution The control system dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of the ionization system and water pumps based on the matched working mode and the acquired resource monitoring data. It controls the start-stop combination of the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II, as well as the operating power of the water pumps, to achieve differentiated disinfection operations in different scenarios. The specific control logic is as follows: Outdoor Working Modes: Continuously monitors power reserves and liquid resource status, and automatically switches between three working modes based on resource sufficiency: power priority, liquid priority, or sufficient resources. A lag period and parameter gradual transition mechanism are set between each mode to avoid frequent switching due to boundary fluctuations in resource monitoring data: Power Priority Mode: When power reserves are detected as low, to ensure necessary equipment operating time and basic disinfection effect, the water pump output pressure is limited to below a preset threshold, and only the main ionization zone I operates alone. Liquid Priority Mode: When power reserves are sufficient but liquid resources are low, to improve the processing efficiency of unit liquid and reduce water waste, the water pump output power is limited, and both the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II work together. Sufficient Resources Mode: When both water and power resources are sufficient, the system removes all operating restrictions on the water pump and ionization system. The water pump operates at maximum power, and the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II operate at full power simultaneously, achieving optimal equipment performance and efficient disinfection. Indoor operating mode: By default, it continuously operates in the optimal performance state, that is, the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II work synchronously and the water pump runs at full power to achieve rapid and efficient disinfection of indoor spaces; at the same time, the system enables a proximity sensing mechanism. When the sensing probe 211 (machine vision sensor) detects that a person is approaching the disinfection area, it automatically switches the equipment to a safe operating state to avoid the impact of plasma-activated water spray on the human body; after the person leaves, the system automatically returns to the optimal performance state after a delay and continues to complete the disinfection operation.

[0031] S4. Feedback and System Maintenance After each disinfection task is completed, the system records the task's effectiveness through visual comparison or biological detection, including data such as disinfection coverage, target object disinfection pass rate, and bacterial kill rate. Based on this data, a scenario-strategy-effect mapping relationship is formed and incorporated into the control system's decision database to optimize subsequent control decisions and improve the accuracy and adaptability of disinfection operations. Throughout the equipment's operation, the system continuously monitors the electrode consumption status of the ionization system and the mechanical vibration status of the equipment. When it detects excessive electrode wear or abnormal equipment vibration parameters, it proactively outputs maintenance prompts to remind staff to replace components or repair the equipment in a timely manner, ensuring the stable and continuous operation of the equipment.

[0032] This method, through an online instantaneous preparation process combined with an intelligent hierarchical control strategy, not only achieves the instantaneous generation and rapid delivery of plasma-activated water, avoiding the activity loss of traditional pre-preparation methods, but also dynamically adjusts the equipment operating parameters according to the needs of different disinfection scenarios, adapting to complex and ever-changing usage scenarios. While ensuring disinfection efficiency, it effectively reduces the waste of water and electricity resources, and lowers equipment operating costs and environmental impact.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A plasma-activated water preparation and disinfection device with dual ionization regions working synergistically, characterized in that, It includes a dual-ionization zone actuator nozzle and a control system. The dual-ionization zone actuator nozzle includes a nozzle rod assembly (1), a housing (2), and a connecting section (3). The spray bar assembly (1) includes a spray bar head (12) and a spray bar body (13). Both the spray bar head (12) and the spray bar body (13) are provided with internal liquid flow channels and are interconnected. The end of the spray bar head (12) is provided with a spray hole (11). The spray hole (11) is a cross hole structure (111). A first cyclone separator (112) is provided at the outer ring of the spray hole (11) area, and the first cyclone separator (112) and the cross hole structure (111) are arranged coaxially. A second cyclone separator (121) is provided at the transition section between the spray bar head (12) and the spray bar body (13). A branch hole (113) is also provided on the spray bar head (12). The branch hole (113) connects the internal liquid flow channel of the spray bar assembly (1) with the internal air passage (14). The internal air passage (14) is located between the spray bar assembly (1) and the first inner shell of the housing (2). The housing (2) includes a first inner shell, a second inner shell, and an outer shell, wherein the second inner shell and the outer shell have the same length, the first inner shell is fitted inside the second inner shell and the length of the first inner shell is shorter than that of the second inner shell; a contraction-expansion nozzle structure (212) is provided at the outlet of the second inner shell, and a sensing probe (211) is installed at the outlet end of the housing (2), and the sensing probe (211) is connected to the control system through a wiring groove (215) provided between the second inner shell and the outer shell; an external flow channel (214) is formed between the first inner shell and the second inner shell, and a cyclone separator group (213) is provided at the end of the external flow channel (214), which is arranged adjacent to the contraction-expansion nozzle structure (212), and an ionization system is provided on the housing (2); The connecting section (3) includes an insulating connector (31) and an insulating water pipe (32). The insulating connector (31) is connected to the insulating water pipe (32), and the insulating connector (31) is also connected to the spray bar body (13) to achieve electrical isolation of the spray bar body (13).

2. The online preparation and disinfection device for plasma-activated water with dual ionization regions synergistically described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ionization system includes an annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group (221), an annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode (222), and an annular secondary ionization grounding electrode (223). The annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group (221) is located on the outer periphery of the converging nozzle structure (212) and is located in the outlet section between the second inner shell and the outer shell. The nozzle head (12) serves as the main ionization grounding electrode and cooperates with the annular main ionization high-voltage electrode group (221) to construct a needle-ring discharge electric field, forming the main ionization region I. The annular secondary ionization high-voltage electrode (222) is located in the inlet section between the second inner shell and the outer shell and cooperates with the annular secondary ionization grounding electrode (223) to form the secondary ionization region II.

3. The online preparation and disinfection device for plasma-activated water with dual ionization regions synergistically described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross hole structure (111) is arranged at a preset angle, and the branch hole (113) is an outwardly inclined hole structure, which is set at a preset inclined angle with the internal liquid flow channel.

4. The online preparation and disinfection device for plasma-activated water with dual ionization regions synergistically described in claim 1, characterized in that, The annular main ionization high voltage electrode group (221) is located downstream of the contraction and expansion nozzle structure (212). It consists of multiple annular high voltage electrodes with adapted spacing. When energized, a capacitive coupling electric field is formed between adjacent annular high voltage electrodes, and magnetic dipoles are induced at the electrode boundary to establish an auxiliary electric field parallel to the electrode edge.

5. The online preparation and disinfection device for plasma-activated water with dual ionization regions synergistically described in claim 2, characterized in that, The interior of the insulating water pipe (32) is a high-pressure water delivery channel, which is connected to the liquid flow channel inside the spray bar body (13); the annular secondary ionization grounding electrode (223) is sleeved on the insulating water pipe (32) and fixedly connected to the second inner shell through the connector (216).

6. A method for online preparation and disinfection of plasma-activated water based on the device described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The disinfection scenario is determined by multi-source sensor fusion. After the control system comprehensively processes the environmental and target data collected by the sensors, it automatically matches the corresponding working mode. The control system monitors the power reserve status and liquid resource status of the equipment in real time and acquires resource monitoring data. Based on the matched working mode and the acquired resource monitoring data, the working parameters of the ionization system and the pressurization unit are dynamically adjusted to control the start-stop combination and operating power of the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II; Record the execution effect of each disinfection task to form a mapping relationship between scenario, strategy and effect, and use it to optimize subsequent control decisions.

7. The method for online preparation and disinfection of plasma-activated water according to claim 6, characterized in that, The working modes include outdoor working mode and indoor working mode. The multi-source sensors include machine vision sensors, light sensors and sound sensors, which respectively collect the characteristics of the target to be disinfected, the ambient light characteristics and the ambient sound characteristics.

8. The method for online preparation and disinfection of plasma-activated water according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outdoor operating mode automatically switches to power priority, liquid priority, or resource sufficient operating modes based on the sufficiency of power reserves and liquid resources: Power priority mode: When power reserves are low, the output pressure of the pressurization unit is limited, and only the main ionization zone I is activated; Liquid priority mode: When power reserves are sufficient and liquid resources are low, the output power of the pressurization unit is limited, and both the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II are activated; Resource sufficient mode: When both power reserves and liquid resources are sufficient, the operating restrictions of the pressurization unit and the ionization system are lifted, the pressurization unit operates at full power, and the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II operate at full power simultaneously.

9. The method for online preparation and disinfection of plasma-activated water according to claim 8, characterized in that, When switching between different working states in outdoor work mode, a lag period and parameter gradual transition mechanism are set to avoid frequent switching of working states due to boundary fluctuations in resource monitoring data.

10. The method for online preparation and disinfection of plasma-activated water according to claim 7, characterized in that, The indoor working mode defaults to operating at the best performance state, that is, the main ionization zone I and the auxiliary ionization zone II work synchronously and the pressurization unit operates at full power. At the same time, the proximity sensing mechanism is enabled, and when personnel are detected approaching, it automatically switches to the safe operation state. After personnel leave and after a delay confirmation, it returns to the best performance state.

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