A water-saving toilet flushing device with no energy consumption mechanical supercharging and two-stage flushing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of no energy consumption mechanical pressurization and two-stage flush synergic water-saving toilet device.The water-saving toilet device includes mechanical pressurization device, two-stage flush valve and Venturi jet device;Among them, mechanical pressurization device utilizes the mechanical mode of air bag and tank combination, by tap water to air bag flush, compresses tank gas space, carries out kinetic energy storage, realizes pipeline flush transient pressurization by opening valve when flushing, enhances flush effect;Two-stage flush valve realizes the flush of two different amounts of small and large by controlling the change of water flow through valve core passage caliber and spring deformation change;Venturi jet device is based on Venturi effect, utilizes the speed and pressure change generated in the process of pipeline contraction and expansion of fluid, further enhances flush effect by inhaling air and water mixture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a water-saving toilet flushing device that combines energy-free mechanical pressurization with two-stage flushing. Background Technology

[0002] With water scarcity, especially in rural areas, existing flush toilet systems commonly suffer from water waste, poor flushing performance, and difficult maintenance. In areas with low or unstable water pressure, traditional flush toilet systems cannot function effectively and require expensive water tanks and electricity, resulting in high operating costs and difficult maintenance. Existing water-saving technologies mainly rely on valves with fixed water flow or simple flow limiters, but these methods often cannot fully meet the flushing needs of different scenarios and often sacrifice flushing performance while saving water. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technological solution that can efficiently save water and improve flushing performance under low water pressure conditions, especially equipment suitable for pipeline system retrofitting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water-saving toilet flushing device that combines energy-free mechanical pressurization with two-stage flushing. This invention integrates the coordinated operation of a mechanical pressurization device, two-stage flushing valves, and a Venturi jet injector. By optimizing water flow control, air intake, and pressurization mechanisms, it improves flushing efficiency and effectively reduces water waste, making it suitable for the renovation of piped direct-flush toilets in rural areas.

[0004] This invention provides a water-saving toilet flushing device that combines energy-free mechanical pressurization with two-stage flushing. The water-saving toilet flushing device includes a mechanical pressurization device, two-stage flushing valves, and a Venturi jet injector. The mechanical booster includes an airbag and an air tank. The airbag is fitted inside the air tank. The inlet and outlet of the airbag overlap with the inlet and outlet of the air tank to serve as water inlets and outlets for connection to water pipes. An inflation valve is provided on the airbag. The two-stage flushing valve includes a housing and a urination flushing valve and a defecation flushing valve installed therein. The housing is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is used for water intake of the urination flushing valve and the defecation flushing valve, and the outlet is used for water output of the urination flushing valve and the defecation flushing valve. The Venturi jet includes an inlet pipe, an air intake chamber, a throat section, a diffuser chamber, and an outlet pipe connected in sequence. The outlet end of the inlet pipe is provided with a nozzle. The air intake chamber includes an air intake section and a converging section. The air intake section of the air intake chamber is sleeved outside the nozzle. The top of the nozzle is connected to the air intake channel. The other end of the nozzle is provided in the converging section of the air intake chamber. The inlet and outlet of the mechanical booster are connected to the inlet of the two-stage flush valve, and the outlet of the two-stage flush valve is connected to the inlet pipe of the Venturi jet.

[0005] The flush toilet system provided by this invention includes the following three key components: 1. Mechanical pressurization device: This device uses a mechanical method that combines an airbag and a tank. Water is used to flush the airbag, compressing the gas space in the tank and storing kinetic energy. During flushing, the valve is opened to instantly pressurize the water in the pipeline, thereby enhancing the flushing effect.

[0006] 2. Two-stage flush valve: This valve controls the flow of water through the valve core channel and the deformation of the spring to achieve two different flush volumes for urination and defecation.

[0007] 3. Venturi jet: Based on the Venturi effect, it utilizes the velocity and pressure changes generated by the fluid during the contraction and expansion of the pipe to further enhance the flushing effect by drawing in air and mixing it with water.

[0008] In the above-mentioned water-saving toilet flushing device, the inlet and outlet of the air bladder and the inlet and outlet of the air tank are sealed by the upper cover and the lower cover. The upper cover and the lower cover are respectively provided with annular gaskets on their opposite surfaces, and the upper cover, the annular gaskets and the lower cover are fixed by screws. The airbag is made of a deformable material, while the air tank is made of a non-deformable metal material.

[0009] In the aforementioned water-saving toilet flushing device, both the fecal flushing valve and the urinal flushing valve include a flushing valve body. The flushing valve body includes a valve body and a push rod. The valve body includes an upper part, a lower part, and a flow channel. The flow channel is located in the middle of the valve body, with the upper part and lower part of the valve body on either side of the flow channel, respectively. The push rod passes through the valve body and is perpendicular to the flow channel, dividing the flow channel into an inlet channel and an outlet channel. A lower cavity is provided in the lower part of the valve body, and an elastic component is provided in the lower cavity. The elastic component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push rod. A circular hole is provided on the push rod. When the push rod is stationary, the circular hole is located in the upper cavity of the upper part of the valve body. When the push rod is pressed, the elastic component is compressed, and the circular hole moves into the flow channel, making its axis coaxial with the main axis of the flow channel. The inlet channel and the outlet channel are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet.

[0010] In the aforementioned water-saving toilet flushing device, the diameter of the valve core channel and the diameter of the circular hole in the push rod of the toilet flushing valve are respectively denoted as D. L、 d L The diameter of the valve core channel and the diameter of the circular hole in the push rod of the urinal flushing valve are respectively denoted as D. Sd S Then D L >D S The stroke of the push rod as Δx L and Δx S ; D L 30~45mm; d L 29~44 mm; Δx L The diameter is 30~47mm; D S 15~25 mm; d S 14~19mm; Δx S It is 15~26 mm.

[0011] In this invention, the d L The diameter of the round hole must be larger than the diameter of the water inlet pipe. Generally, the diameter of the water inlet pipe is 20 or 25 mm, etc. When D... L Set to 30~45mm. If the valve core channel and the round hole need to be completely aligned, then Δx L The value is 30~45, but because there is a gap of about 2mm between the valve core channel and the round hole, it is ensured that the valve remains closed and leak-proof when not pressed. Therefore, Δx L The maximum travel distance is set to 2mm.

[0012] In the above-mentioned water-saving toilet flushing device, a pressure cap is provided at the top of the push rod, and the pressure cap and the push rod are connected by a fine metal thread (such as M6×1 or M8×1). The outer surface of the pressure cap is provided with anti-slip ribs or rubber coating; An outer sealing ring is provided at the mating point of the push rod through the upper part of the valve body, and an inner sealing ring is provided at the mating point of the push rod through the valve body and the flow channel; the outer edges of both the outer and inner sealing rings are provided with concave structures, which cooperate with the protruding part of the valve body to fix them on the valve body, thereby fixing the sealing rings and preventing the sealing rings from being pulled off when the valve core push rod is displaced.

[0013] In the aforementioned water-saving toilet flushing device, the elastic component includes a return spring. The upper end of the return spring is fitted with a cross screw bracket, which is fixed to the push rod. The lower end of the return spring is supported on a spring base, and the spring base is fixed to the lower part of the valve body by a slot or thread.

[0014] The push rod is fitted with an O-ring at the cross screw bracket.

[0015] In the aforementioned water-saving toilet flushing device, the stiffness of the return spring connected to the feces flushing valve is denoted as k. L The free length is denoted as L0. LThe stiffness k of the urinal flushing valve S Free length L0 S Then k L <k S L0 L >L0 S , k L 3~5 N / mm, L0 L The diameter is 30~47 mm; k S 6~9 N / mm, L0 S It is 15~26 mm.

[0016] In the above-mentioned water-saving toilet flushing device, the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring are made of EPDM or NBR; The cross screw bracket and the spring base are limited by snap rings or threads; The valve body is made of PA66+GF (specifically PA66+30%GF) or brass; the push rod is made of POM / stainless steel composite; the return spring is made of SUS304. The cross screw holder and the fasteners in the elastic component are made of SUS304.

[0017] In the aforementioned water-saving toilet flushing device, the Venturi jet injector is equipped with regulating valves on the water inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe, respectively, to adjust the mixing ratio of water and air to adapt to different flushing needs. The minimum diameter of the nozzle can be 3~5mm.

[0018] In the above-mentioned water-saving toilet flushing device, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are sealed by sealing rings made of high-strength rubber or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene); The piping portion of the Venturi jet is made of corrosion-resistant materials (such as stainless steel, ABS plastic, or PVC) to ensure its reliability and durability during long-term use.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Significant water-saving effect: This invention precisely controls the flushing volume through a two-stage flushing valve and combines the gas-liquid pressurization principle of a Venturi jet injector, reducing water waste while ensuring high flushing efficiency. Test data shows that the system can save approximately 30% of water during urination and up to 50% during defecation.

[0020] 2. Adaptable to low water pressure environments: The mechanical booster can utilize the water pressure of the tap water pipes to generate sufficient boost without the need for external power support. It is suitable for rural areas where the water pressure is unstable or low, ensuring the stable operation of the flushing system.

[0021] 3. Low cost and easy maintenance: The system uses simple mechanical principles and ordinary pipes, valves, and other components, resulting in low manufacturing and maintenance costs, making it suitable for large-scale deployment. Especially in rural areas, it does not require complex electrical equipment, allowing users to maintain it themselves. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water-saving toilet flushing device of the present invention, which combines energy-free mechanical pressurization with two-stage flushing.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the mechanical supercharger.

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fecal flushing valve in a two-stage flushing valve system.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the two-stage flushing valve.

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Chinese-made Tully jet injector.

[0027] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 100 Mechanical booster; 101 Inflation valve; 102 Air tank; 103 Airbag; 104 Top cover; 105 Upper gasket; 106 Inlet / outlet; 107 Lower gasket; 108 Lower cover; 109 Screw; 110 Water inlet interface; 111 Water outlet interface; 112 T-junction interface; 200 Two-stage flush valve; 201 Flush valve cap; 202 Flush valve push rod; 203 Flush valve outer sealing ring; 204 Flush valve upper cavity; 205 Flush valve inner sealing ring; 206 Flush valve body (including upper / lower cavity and flow channel); 207 Flush valve external thread interface; 208 Flush valve inlet channel; 209 Flush valve outlet channel; 210 Flush valve O-ring; 211 Flush valve Phillips head screw holder; 212 Flush valve return spring; 213 Flush valve lower cavity (including guide and limit section); 214 Flush valve spring base; 215 Flush valve spring adjusting screw; 216 Flush valve core channel; 217 Flush valve through hole (also known as valve stem hollow channel); 232 233 Urinal flush valve core channel; 234 Urinal flush valve through hole; 235 Urinal flush valve outer box; 300 Venturi jet injector; 301 Water inlet pipe; 302 Air inlet; 303 Nozzle; 304 Intake chamber; 305 Throat section; 306 Diffusion chamber; 307 Water outlet pipe;

[0028] Figure 6 The peak flushing pressure is the pressure at a flow rate of 3 L for the Venturi jet injector.

[0029] Figure 7 The amount of fecal residue in a 3 L water volume using a Venturi jet injector.

[0030] Figure 8 The maximum coverage area of ​​the Venturi jet injector with a water flow of 3 L.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the contraction ratio of the throat diameter reduction of a Venturi jet.

[0032] Figure 10 The figure shows the results of a flow velocity comparison experiment using a Venturi jet injector. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0035] The various parts of the device are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] This invention provides a water-saving toilet flushing device that combines energy-free mechanical pressurization with two-stage flushing, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the water-saving toilet flushing device includes a mechanical booster 100, a two-stage flushing valve 200, and a Venturi jet injector 300.

[0037] Among them, the mechanical supercharging device 100, such as Figure 2 As shown, the air bladder 103 is connected to the air tank 102. The air bladder 103 is filled with water using the pressure of the tap water pipe. After the air bladder 103 is filled with water, the pressure is increased by compressing the gas in the tank. When the water outlet valve is opened, the high-pressure gas in the tank pushes the liquid in the air bladder 103 to be released rapidly, enhancing the flushing effect. This device requires no electricity and is suitable for efficient toilet flushing in low water pressure environments. The specific components are as follows: (1) Airbag 103: Initially empty, it occupies almost no space in the tank. After being filled with water, the liquid fills the airbag 103 and compresses the gas in the tank. The flexible design of the airbag 103 (made of deformable material) allows it to adapt to the expansion during the filling process. The liquid inlet is connected to the tap water pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the toilet flushing valve. When the valve is closed, energy can be stored in the tank (i.e., the air storage tank 102). When the valve (i.e., the inflation valve 101) is opened, the energy is released, producing a pressurization effect.

[0038] (2) Gas storage tank 102: The gas storage tank 102 is made of rigid material (such as metal or high-strength plastic), which will not come into contact with liquid and will always remain in a gaseous state. It is used to store compressed gas and provide power for pressurizing the airbag 103. The volume of the gas storage tank determines the gas storage capacity and the pressure that can be provided. The main function of the gas storage tank 102 in the whole process is to work with the airbag 103 to provide a stable gas compression effect.

[0039] (3) Inflation valve 101: Inflation valve 101 is used to replenish gas into the gas storage tank 102. The inflation valve 101 is designed as a one-way gas inflow type, similar to the inflation port of a basketball or tire. Gas can only enter in one direction and will not flow out. A gas spiral plug is added to the outer opening of the valve. The control system of inflation valve 101 ensures that the pressure of the gas entering is maintained within an appropriate range to avoid affecting the flow rate of tap water into the air bladder.

[0040] (4) Water inlet / outlet 106: When the water outlet valve is opened, the high-pressure water in the airbag 103 flows out through the water inlet / outlet 106 and enters the toilet flushing water pipe. At this time, the water in the airbag 103 is squeezed by the compressed gas, providing strong flushing power.

[0041] (5) Upper cover 104 and lower cover 108: Upper cover 104 and lower cover 108 are used to compact and seal the inlet of gas storage tank 102 and air bladder. Annular gaskets (upper gasket 105 and lower gasket 107) are added to the upper and lower parts respectively. After clamping, three screws 109 are used to fix the cover, gasket, tank and air bladder opening to ensure that the liquid and gas inside the system do not leak.

[0042] The working principle of the mechanical supercharging device in this invention is as follows: (1) Water filling process: When tap water enters the air bladder 103 through the inflation valve 101, the air bladder 103 gradually fills with liquid, but the liquid does not enter the gas storage tank 102. At this time, the liquid inside the air bladder 103 continuously increases and compresses the gas, causing the internal pressure of the air bladder 103 to gradually rise. The gas inside the air bladder 103 provides compression force, storing energy for the subsequent pressurization process.

[0043] (2) Pressurization process: When the user opens the water outlet valve, the high-pressure water filled with liquid in the airbag 103 will quickly flow out through the water outlet, generating a powerful flushing force. The gas is rapidly compressed and released, and the water pressure increases instantly.

[0044] (3) Inflation function: If the gas in the tank is lost or the pressure drops after a long period of use, the gas can be replenished through the inflation valve 101 to restore the gas pressure. The inflation valve 101 is designed for one-way gas inflow to ensure that the inflation process will not lead to gas leakage or loss of control.

[0045] The overall structure of the two-stage flushing valve is as follows: Taking a toilet flush valve as an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, this valve includes: a toilet flushing valve cap 201, a toilet flushing valve push rod 202 threadedly connected to the cap, a toilet flushing valve outer sealing ring 203, a toilet flushing valve inner sealing ring 205, a toilet flushing valve body (including upper / lower chambers and flow channels) 206, a toilet flushing valve inlet channel 208, a toilet flushing valve outlet channel 209, a toilet flushing valve core channel 216, a toilet flushing valve through hole (also known as a valve stem hollow channel) 217 ​​in the push rod, a toilet flushing valve cross screw bracket 211, a toilet flushing valve return spring 212, a toilet flushing valve lower cavity (including guide and limit sections) 213, a toilet flushing valve spring base 214, and a toilet flushing valve spring adjusting screw 215. All components are coaxially arranged to ensure linear reciprocating motion of the moving parts, minimal flow resistance, and reliable sealing.

[0046] The toilet flushing valve cap 201 and the toilet flushing valve push rod 202 are connected with fine metal threads (such as M6×1 or M8×1). The outer surface of the cap is equipped with anti-slip ribs or rubber covering for easy manual pressing.

[0047] The push rod 202 of the toilet flushing valve has a through hole 217 in the middle, and the axis of the hole is coaxial with the main axis of the valve body; the lower end of the push rod is integrally or fitted with the cross screw bracket 211 of the toilet flushing valve (the upper screw is embedded in the push rod to form an integral part).

[0048] Sealing: An outer toilet flush valve sealing ring 203 (dynamic seal, preventing external leakage) is provided at the mating point between the toilet flush valve push rod 202 and the toilet flush valve body 206; an inner toilet flush valve sealing ring 205 (static / dynamic seal, preventing internal flow) is provided at the mating point between the toilet flush valve push rod 202 and the toilet flush valve body 206.

[0049] Guiding and Limiting: The lower part of the toilet flushing valve body 206 has a lower cavity 213, which provides guidance and end limiting for the assembly of the toilet flushing valve push rod 202 and the toilet flushing valve cross screw bracket 211. The length of the toilet flushing valve cross screw bracket 211 is greater than the upper length of the lower cavity 213, so that the toilet flushing valve push rod 202 cannot be pushed upward and dislodged under the thrust of the toilet flushing valve return spring 212.

[0050] Reset and support: The upper end of the toilet flushing valve reset spring 212 is fitted onto the toilet flushing valve cross screw bracket 211, and the lower end is supported on the toilet flushing valve spring base 214; the toilet flushing valve spring base 214 is fixed to the lower part of the toilet flushing valve body 206 by a slot or thread, which facilitates maintenance and replacement.

[0051] Flow path: Inlet channel 208 of the toilet flush valve → (valve core channel 217 of the toilet flush valve) → (overlapping opening formed by the round hole 216 of the push rod of the toilet flush valve) → outlet channel 209 of the toilet flush valve; when stationary, the valve core channel 216 of the toilet flush valve and the through round hole 217 of the toilet flush valve are completely misaligned and there is no connection.

[0052] The structure of the urinal flush valve is similar to... Figure 3 The structure of the toilet flushing valve shown is the same; the materials, structural connections, and components of each part are identical to those of the toilet flushing valve, differing only in size. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the defecation flushing valve and the urination flushing valve are installed in a box (i.e., the outer box 234 of the defecation flushing valve). The box has an inlet and an outlet. The pipe of the inlet is divided into two branches with equal inner diameter inside the box, which are respectively connected to the defecation and urination flushing valve bodies. Similarly, the two outlet pipes of the two flushing valves are merged into one outlet pipe inside the box and connected to the outlet.

[0053] The working mechanism of the two-stage flushing valve in this invention is as follows: Static / Sealed: The push rod 202 of the toilet flushing valve is at the upper stop point under the thrust of the return spring 212, and the valve core channel 216 of the toilet flushing valve does not overlap with the through hole 217 of the toilet flushing valve; under the action of the outer sealing ring 203 and the inner sealing ring 205 of the toilet flushing valve, the water inlet channel 208 and the water outlet channel 209 of the toilet flushing valve are completely isolated, and the water pressure in front of the valve will not leak out.

[0054] Press to activate water flow: Pressing the flush valve cap 201 causes the flush valve push rod 202 to move downwards in a straight line. When the edge of the flush valve's through-hole 217 enters the flush valve's valve core channel 216 window, an overlap area appears, forming an effective throttling opening. Water flows from the flush valve's inlet channel 208 → flush valve core channel 216 → flush valve through-hole 217 → flush valve outlet channel 209. Continuing to press increases the overlap area A(Δx) with the stroke Δx, resulting in a corresponding increase in flow rate.

[0055] Release and reset: After releasing the hand, the toilet flushing valve reset spring 212 drives the push rod to move upward, and the overlapping area gradually decreases to zero and the flow is cut off; the toilet flushing valve cross screw bracket 211 is constrained by the limiting structure in the lower cavity 213 of the toilet flushing valve to prevent the toilet flushing valve push rod 202 from jumping out.

[0056] The flow rate approximately satisfies:

[0057] in For flow coefficient, The overlapping cross-sectional area of ​​the valve core channel 216 of the toilet flushing valve and the through hole 217 of the toilet flushing valve. The pressure difference across the valve. The density is water. By designing the effective diameter of the valve core channel 216 of the toilet flushing valve, the geometry of the through hole 217 of the toilet flushing valve, and the push rod stroke curve, the target two-stage flow rate / water consumption can be obtained.

[0058] Among them, the Venturi jet: 1. The structural components of a Venturi jet injector, such as... Figure 5 As shown: Inlet pipe 301: The inlet pipe is responsible for introducing water into the Venturi jet injector. It is usually connected to the outlet of the tap water pipe or booster device, and the inner diameter of the pipe is usually 25mm (DN25). The design requirements are to ensure stable water flow and no dead angles in the channel to avoid excessive water flow resistance. The pipe ends use threaded connections, quick couplings, or flange connections for easy installation and maintenance. A regulating valve is installed on the inlet pipe 301 to regulate the water flow rate.

[0059] Air intake duct 302: Air intake duct 302 is used to introduce air and mix it with water to increase flow rate and pressure. The diameter of the air intake duct matches the water flow channel to ensure smooth air intake. An adjustable valve is installed on the air intake duct 302 to control the air inflow, thereby coordinating with the regulating valve on the water inlet pipe 301 to adjust the air-liquid mixing ratio to adapt to different flushing needs.

[0060] Nozzle 303: The nozzle is a crucial component of the Venturi jet injector, its function being to accelerate the water flow and generate a higher velocity. As water flows through the nozzle, the channel narrows, leading to increased water velocity and decreased pressure. The nozzle's inner diameter should be designed according to the water flow rate to ensure that the water flow is accelerated and a negative pressure is created to draw in air. Common sizes are 3–5 mm.

[0061] Intake Chamber 304: Located after the nozzle, also known as the converging chamber, the intake chamber is designed to further accelerate the water flow and enhance the negative pressure effect. By gradually narrowing the water flow channel, a local low-pressure zone is created, promoting air intake. The ratio of the length to the diameter of the intake chamber needs to be rationally designed to ensure optimal hydrodynamic effects and avoid turbulence.

[0062] Throat section 305: The throat section is the bottleneck part of the Venturi jet, responsible for regulating the direction and velocity of the fluid. In the throat section, the water velocity reaches its maximum and begins to mix thoroughly with the intake air. The inner diameter of the throat section needs to be precisely designed to ensure that the water reaches its maximum velocity while guaranteeing sufficient gas-liquid mixing.

[0063] Diffuser 306: The function of the diffuser is to spread the gas-liquid mixture, converting velocity into pressure to maximize the impact force of the water flow. The design of the diffuser section helps to slow down the water flow velocity and increase the range of the water flow. The length and inner diameter of the diffuser should be designed according to the system pressure requirements to ensure optimal jetting effect.

[0064] Water outlet pipe 307: The water outlet pipe guides the pressurized gas-liquid mixture to the flushing pipe for flushing. The design must ensure that the water flow is evenly distributed and that the flow rate meets actual requirements. The outlet size must match the nozzle to ensure the stability of the jet flow.

[0065] The working principle of the above-mentioned Venturi jet: Water enters the venturi jet injector through the inlet pipe 301, and the flow rate is controlled by a regulating valve on the inlet pipe 301. At this point, the water velocity is low. As the water flows through the nozzle 303 and the intake chamber 304, the velocity gradually increases. During this process, the increased water velocity creates a localized low-pressure zone, drawing in air through the air intake duct 302. The air intake volume is controlled by a regulating valve on the air intake duct 302; the user can adjust the valve opening to change the air inflow, thereby controlling the gas-liquid mixing ratio to meet different flushing needs. After passing through the throat section 305, the water velocity reaches its maximum and mixes thoroughly with the drawn-in air, forming a gas-liquid mixture. The kinetic energy of this mixture is further enhanced, providing strong power for subsequent jetting. The mixed fluid passes through the diffuser chamber 306, where the velocity gradually decreases, and the kinetic energy of the water is converted into pressure, enhancing the impact force of the jet. Finally, the pressurized gas-liquid mixture is ejected through the water outlet pipe 307, forming a powerful jet stream to meet the toilet flushing requirements.

[0066] For Venturi jet performance optimization and adjustment: Flow rate and pressure regulation: The pressurization effect of the Venturi jet injector can be adjusted by modifying the pipe size of the converging section and the nozzle inner diameter. A smaller nozzle inner diameter can increase the impact force of the jet stream, but may increase the pressure loss of the water flow. Appropriate nozzle size and converging section design can be selected according to requirements to optimize the pressurization effect.

[0067] Air intake control: The amount of air intake is controlled by a regulating valve, allowing for flexible adjustment of the water flow impact force and air-liquid mixing ratio according to actual flushing needs. A higher air intake will increase the air-liquid mixing degree, thereby improving flushing efficiency, making it particularly suitable for handling more complex flushing needs such as feces.

[0068] Sealing and Durability: The sealing design of the Venturi jet injector is crucial, especially at the inlet pipe 301 and outlet pipe 307 interfaces. Using high-strength rubber or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) sealing rings effectively prevents water leakage and ensures long-term system stability. The corrosion resistance of the materials is also important; the piping sections of the Venturi jet injector are made of corrosion-resistant materials (such as stainless steel, ABS plastic, or PVC) to ensure its reliability and durability during long-term use.

[0069] Example 1 To verify the performance of the mechanical supercharger under different configurations, several experiments were designed. The following is a detailed description of the experimental setup, parameters, and results: (1) Experimental facilities Custom-made airbags (103) and gas tanks (102) of appropriate volume were used. Each airbag and tank had a 1 / 4-inch screw interface for connecting a high-sensitivity, low-range electronic digital barometer to monitor pressure changes in the tank and airbag in real time. In the experiment, two PVC pipes connected by a T-junction were used. One end was connected to the tap water inlet, and the other end to the booster device. The vertical ends were connected to digital flow meters to monitor water flow velocity. The airbag 103 interface and the gas tank 102 interface were connected to the PVC pipes after being pressed together with two layers of screw washers (upper washer 105 and lower washer 107) to ensure the airtightness of the airbag 103 and the gas tank 102 and prevent gas leakage. The experiment measured the effects of different airbag volumes, tank volumes, and tank shapes on the boosting effect, pressure changes, and flow rate increase. Specific settings are detailed in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1 Experimental Variable Settings and Test Items

[0071] (2) Experimental results Table 2 Test results of boosting effect under different experimental settings

[0072] Based on the data in Table 2, the results show that a smaller airbag 103 and a smaller tank 102 significantly improve the instantaneous flushing pressure and flow rate, especially when both the airbag and tank volumes are 3L, where the pressurization effect is most pronounced. Furthermore, a larger height-to-diameter ratio of the tank results in a more significant flushing effect. These results verify the close influence of airbag and tank volumes, as well as tank shape, on the pressurization effect.

[0073] Example 2: Two-stage (urination and defecation) flushing strategy Strategy A: Channel Size Classification Urinal flush valve: Urinal flush valve core channel diameter D S Smaller; corresponding to the diameter d of the through hole S Match it (usually take d) S ≈D S Or slightly larger by 0.1-0.2 mm to compensate for manufacturing errors); Flush valve: Flush valve core channel 216 diameter D L Increase (D) L >D S Meanwhile, the diameter d of the through-hole (also known as the hollow valve stem channel) of the toilet flushing valve is 217. L The corresponding increase.

[0074] Results: Under the same pressing force and similar stroke, the overlapping effective area of ​​the toilet flushing valve... Both have large water flow rates, and the overlap and non-overlapping phases require a long travel distance, resulting in a relatively slow closing time.

[0075] Strategy B: Spring Time Grading Urinal flush valve: The urinal flush valve return spring 212 is selected with higher stiffness k. S Shorter free length L0 S ; Toilet flush valve: Select one with lower stiffness k L Longer free length L0 L (k) L <k S L0 L >L0 S ).

[0076] Results: The toilet flush valve has a slower return speed and a longer effective water flow time; it can be used in conjunction with Strategy A to reduce the user's pressing force and stabilize the two-stage volume.

[0077] Strategy C: Combinatorial Optimization It takes into account both D / d size classification and spring time classification; by setting a maximum stroke limit, it prevents accidental pressing from causing overcurrent.

[0078] Size recommendations (patented example parameters compatible with DN25 main pipe, not limiting). Urinal flush valve: D S =15~25 mm; d S =14~19mm; Design overlap stroke range Δx S =15~26 mm; toilet flush valve: D L =30~45mm; d L =29~44 mm; Δx L =30~47mm; Spring (reference): urination k S =6~9 N / mm, L0 S =15~26 mm; stool k L =3~5 N / mm, L0 L =30~47mm.

[0079] Target (reference): Small stroke ≈ 2.0~3.0 L / stroke (0.8~1.2 s), large stroke ≈ 3.0~4.0 L / stroke (1.5~2.5s), supply pressure 0.5 MPa.

[0080] Detailed explanation: Urinal / Flush Valve Spring Adjustment Screw: By adjusting the tightness of the urinal / flush valve spring adjustment screw, the return spring of the urinal / flush valve can be tightened or loosened, thereby controlling the return speed of the urinal / flush valve push rod. Adjusting the spring tightness allows for effective control of the flushing time and precise control of the flush volume. When the spring is loosened, the push rod rebounds more slowly, extending the flushing time; conversely, when the spring is tightened, the push rod rebounds more quickly, shortening the flushing time.

[0081] The dimensions of the flushing valve core channels for urination and defecation: The diameter of the flushing valve core channel is designed to be close to the diameter of a conventional pipe, such as 20mm, to ensure a suitable water flow. The flushing valve channel is designed with a gradually expanding structure, transitioning from 20mm to 40mm, and the valve core channel diameter is therefore designed to be 40mm to accommodate a larger water flow. The size of the circular hole inside the push rod must also match this, ensuring proper overlap between the circular hole and the valve core channel when the push rod is pushed, guaranteeing sufficient flushing volume.

[0082] Sealing ring design: The sealing rings (outer sealing ring 203 and inner sealing ring 205) adopt a U-shaped design, which can be firmly locked into the protruding part of the valve body 206, ensuring that the sealing rings will not shift or leak after long-term use, thereby improving the sealing effect and ensuring that no water leakage occurs.

[0083] Assembly and sealing: Sealing rings 203 / 205: EPDM or NBR should be selected, which are water resistant and temperature resistant from -20 to 80℃; for the dynamic sealing position (203), it is recommended to chamfer the groove and lubricate with grease to reduce friction and wear.

[0084] Guiding / Matching: Push rod-valve body guide clearance 0.03~0.06 mm; coaxiality of valve core channel 217 and push rod round hole 216 ≤0.05 mm; key sealing surface Ra≤0.8 μm.

[0085] Fastening and anti-loosening: The toilet flush valve cross screw holder 211 / toilet flush valve spring base 214 adopts a snap ring or thread limit; the outer shell mating surface is equipped with a flat sealing ring or liquid gasket.

[0086] Materials: Valve body PA66+GF or brass; push rod and valve core can be POM / stainless steel composite; spring SUS304; Phillips head screw holder and fasteners SUS304.

[0087] To reduce head loss, the water inlet direction of 208 should be kept coaxial with the water outlet direction of the booster device; the water outlet 209 to the venturi inlet should be as short and straight as possible, avoiding sharp bends.

[0088] Experimental design and test results: (1) Test fixtures and methods Pressure supply conditions: regulated power supply 0.50±0.02 MPa; Measurement points: Pressure gauges (accuracy class 0.5) are installed before the valve (upstream of 208) and after the valve (downstream of 209), and a micro-pressure interface is set in the valve body cavity to monitor the throttling pressure drop; an electromagnetic / ultrasonic flow meter (accuracy ±1%) is connected in series. Displacement / Time: Push rod travel is recorded by LVDT (±0.01 mm); Press-release is timed by Hall sensor; Repeatability: Each parameter configuration was repeated ≥30 times, and the statistical mean ± standard deviation was used. (2) Configuration under test toilet flush valve: D L =40 mm, d L =39 mm, Δx L Designed 42mm; spring k L =4 N / mm, L0 L =35 mm.

[0089] Urinal flush valve: D S =20 mm, d S =19 mm, Δx S Designed 22 mm; spring k S =8 N / mm, L0 S =20 mm.

[0090] (3) The results are summarized in Table 3.

[0091] Table 3 Performance test results of urination and defecation flush valves

[0092] Table 3 (continued) Performance test results of urination and defecation flush valves

[0093] Not detected in Table 3 indicates a flow rate ≤ 0.01 L / min.

[0094] AP is calculated using an orifice model: S-type (Q=65 L / min, d S =19 mm):ΔP≈ ≈0.019 MPa; L type (Q=80 L / min, d L =39 mm): ΔP≈0.00162 MPa. Pick =0.62, p= 1000 kg / m 3 A=πd 2 / 4.

[0095] Note: Under the same DN25 supply pipe and 0.5 MPa supply pressure, the system bottleneck is determined by the upstream pipe diameter. Although the L-type valve has a larger geometric area, the improvement in Q is mainly reflected in the lower internal pressure drop and the longer effective time allowed. The two-stage water consumption can be stably achieved by finely adjusting the spring control screw 215 of the toilet flush valve to achieve a small flush ≈2 L / large flush ≈3.5 L.

[0096] Flush valve spring adjustment 215 adjustable range calibration: A. Flush valve (L-type) Table 4

[0097] Lower cavity assemblability check: H 213 , L ≥ΔxL+t pre , L +δ, with ΔxL=42mm, t pre , L =0-30mm, δ=3mm, derive H 213 , L ≥45-75mm.

[0098] B. Urinal flush valve (S type) Table 5

[0099] As can be seen from the above: by using the "overlapping-off" geometric throttling of the through hole 217 of the toilet flushing valve and the valve core channel 216 of the toilet flushing valve, combined with spring dynamics, two-stage repeatable volumetric metering (~3 L / ~5 L) can be achieved. The double seal of the toilet flushing valve (outer sealing ring 203 / inner sealing ring 205) ensures zero leakage under both static and dynamic conditions; the limit design of the toilet flushing valve cross screw bracket 211 / lower cavity 213 ensures safe reset and prevents it from falling out. With its compact structure and standardized parts, it is easy to coaxially couple with mechanical energy storage devices and Venturi jets, reducing hydraulic losses and improving flushing efficiency.

[0100] Example 3: Performance Optimization and Adjustment of Venturi Jet This embodiment is for the following: Figure 5 The performance optimization and adjustment of the Venturi jet (hereinafter referred to as Venturi tube) shown, combined with experimental results, verified the role of the Venturi jet in improving the water-saving efficiency of toilets. By adjusting the nozzle size, constriction section design, and air intake configuration, the air-water mixing effect was optimized, and a series of experimental results provided data support for subsequent design optimization.

[0101] 1. Research Process The experiment employed the controlled variable method, establishing a standardized toilet flushing performance testing platform to ensure consistency of other conditions and strictly controlling the flush volume to the rated value of 3L for defecation. Six gradient levels were set for the tank height: 0.2 m, 0.5 m, 0.8 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, and 2 m, covering the common installation height range for tanks in residential and public settings. The ratio of the inlet cross-section of the venturi pipe to the throat cross-section (referred to as the contraction ratio) can specifically be 1.5:1, 2:1, or 2.5:1 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 As shown in the figure, a standardized structure with a shrinkage ratio of 2:1 is preferred, and the detachable design enables quick switching between two configurations: "with / without Venturi tube".

[0102] 2. Key test metrics include: (1) Flushing pressure: A pressure sensor with an accuracy of ±0.1 kPa is used and installed at the outlet of the flushing port to record the pressure peak during the flushing process in real time.

[0103] (2) Fecal residue: The amount of fecal residue in the basin after rinsing was measured by using simulated waste (prepared by mixing starch and clay at a mass ratio of 3:1, with a single portion of 50 g) and weighing it using an electronic balance (accuracy ±0.01 g).

[0104] (3) Coverage area: The entire flushing process was filmed using a high-speed camera (100 fps), and the percentage of the water film coverage area to the total basin area was calculated using ImageJ image analysis software.

[0105] The experimental procedures strictly followed standardized operating procedures, ensuring the precision of the equipment and the accuracy of the test data.

[0106] 3. Main Results (1) Flow rate and pressure regulation Experimental results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the water tank height and the flushing pressure, and the Venturi tube has a significant effect on increasing the pressure (see...). Figure 6 As the height of the water tank increases, the pressure increases almost linearly, and the trend is consistent with the theoretical value calculated by the hydrostatic formula.

[0107] Significant effect at low water levels: When the water tank height is 0.2 m, the peak pressure with the venturi tube is increased by 27.8% compared to when it is not equipped; at a height of 0.5 m, the increase is 21.3%.

[0108] As the height of the water tank increases, the pressure increase gradually decreases. When the water tank height exceeds 1.5 m, the pressure increase effect of the venturi tube is less than 5%. This trend indicates that at higher water levels, the initial kinetic energy of the water flow is greater, and the pressure-boosting effect of the venturi tube is relatively weakened.

[0109] (2) Fecal residue The amount of residual feces decreases exponentially with increasing tank height, and the Venturi tube significantly improves flushing efficiency at low water levels (see...). Figure 7 ).

[0110] Without Venturi tube configuration: at a water tank height of 0.2 m, the residual amount is 42.3 g; at a height of 0.5 m, there is still 18.7 g of residue.

[0111] With Venturi tube configuration: At a water tank height of 0.5 m, the residual amount with the Venturi tube is reduced to 3.5 grams, close to the flushing effect (5.2 g) at 0.8 m without the Venturi tube. At a water tank height of 0.8 m, the residual amount with the Venturi tube configuration is reduced to less than 1 g, meeting the flushing standard.

[0112] (3) Coverage area The coverage area initially increases and then saturates with increasing tank height; the Venturi tube significantly improves coverage efficiency and uniformity (see...). Figure 8 ).

[0113] Without Venturi tubes: at a height of 0.2 m, the coverage area is only 35%; at a height of 1.5 m, the maximum coverage area is 88%.

[0114] With Venturi tube configuration: at a height of 0.2 m, the coverage area reaches 52%; at a water tank height of 1.2 m, the coverage area reaches 92% saturation value, and the coverage level is maintained at over 90% within the height range of 1.2~2.0 m.

[0115] (4) Different shrinkage ratios A Venturi tube with a shrinkage ratio of 1.5:1 (e.g.) Figure 9 (As shown) Due to the small reduction in throat diameter, the negative pressure at the throat is only 0.35 kPa, resulting in limited acceleration of the water flow after passing through the throat, with the outlet velocity increasing by only 12% compared to the case without a Venturi tube. While a Venturi tube with a reduction ratio of 2.5:1 can achieve a throat negative pressure of 0.82 kPa and a significant water flow acceleration effect (35% increase in outlet velocity), the excessive reduction in diameter leads to turbulence in the throat, increasing energy loss and extending the actual siphon start-up time to 2.1 seconds. In contrast, a Venturi tube with a reduction ratio of 2:1 exhibits the best overall performance, with a stable throat negative pressure of 0.65 kPa. This effectively creates negative pressure through the Bernoulli effect to draw in air, achieving efficient air-water mixing, while avoiding turbulence problems caused by excessive diameter reduction. The outlet velocity of this Venturi tube is 28% higher than that without a Venturi tube, and the siphon start-up time is only 1.2 seconds, achieving an optimal balance between negative pressure intensity, water flow acceleration efficiency, and siphon trigger speed. Flow rate comparison experiment ( Figure 10The results directly demonstrate the synergistic effect of the Venturi tube: With the Venturi tube installed, the water flow velocity rapidly increases to over 0.45 m / s within 0-3 seconds, exhibiting strong velocity stability; while without the Venturi tube, the peak velocity within the same timeframe is only 0.32 m / s, with significant velocity fluctuations. This result fully confirms that the Venturi tube can significantly improve the water jet velocity and stability.

[0116] Comprehensive analysis: The flushing performance of the toilet has been significantly improved through Venturi air-water mixing technology: Flushing effect: The Venturi tube reduces the starting height for efficient flushing from 0.8 m to 0.5 m, improving the flushing effect at low water levels.

[0117] Coverage performance: At low to medium water levels, the coverage area of ​​the Venturi tube is increased by 10-15%.

[0118] Optimal tank height: Considering both flushing performance and water-saving effect, 0.8 m is the recommended tank height. At this height, the Venturi tube can achieve excellent performance with a residual amount of less than 1 g and a coverage area of ​​more than 90%.

[0119] Venturi air-water mixing technology provides a feasible solution for achieving efficient flushing under conditions of low tank height and low water volume, verifying its practical value in water-saving toilet design.

Claims

1. A water-saving toilet flushing device that combines energy-free mechanical pressurization with two-stage flushing, characterized in that, This water-saving toilet flushing device includes a mechanical booster, a two-stage flushing valve, and a Venturi jet injector; The mechanical booster includes an airbag and an air tank. The airbag is fitted inside the air tank. The inlet and outlet of the airbag overlap with the inlet and outlet of the air tank to serve as water inlets and outlets for connection to water pipes. An inflation valve is provided on the airbag. The two-stage flushing valve includes a housing and a urination flushing valve and a defecation flushing valve installed therein. The housing is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is used for water intake of the urination flushing valve and the defecation flushing valve, and the outlet is used for water output of the urination flushing valve and the defecation flushing valve. The Venturi jet includes an inlet pipe, an air intake chamber, a throat section, a diffuser chamber, and an outlet pipe connected in sequence. The outlet end of the inlet pipe is provided with a nozzle. The air intake chamber includes an air intake section and a converging section. The air intake section of the air intake chamber is sleeved outside the nozzle. The top of the nozzle is connected to the air intake channel. The other end of the nozzle is provided in the converging section of the air intake chamber. The inlet and outlet of the mechanical booster are connected to the inlet of the two-stage flush valve, and the outlet of the two-stage flush valve is connected to the inlet pipe of the Venturi jet.

2. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the airbag and the inlet and outlet of the air tank are sealed by the upper cover and the lower cover. The upper cover and the lower cover are respectively provided with annular gaskets on their opposite sides, and the upper cover, the annular gaskets and the lower cover are fixed by screws. The airbag is made of a deformable material, while the air tank is made of a non-deformable metal material.

3. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Both the defecation flushing valve and the urination flushing valve include a flushing valve body. The flushing valve body includes a valve body and a push rod. The valve body includes an upper part, a lower part, and a flow channel. The flow channel is located in the middle of the valve body, and the upper part and lower part are located on both sides of the flow channel, respectively. The push rod passes through the valve body and is perpendicular to the flow channel, dividing the flow channel into an inlet channel and an outlet channel. The lower part of the valve body has a lower cavity, and an elastic component is installed in the lower cavity. The elastic component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push rod. The push rod has a circular hole. When the push rod is stationary, the circular hole is located in the upper cavity of the upper part of the valve body. When the push rod is pressed, the elastic component is compressed, and the circular hole moves into the flow channel, making its axis coaxial with the main axis of the flow channel. The inlet channel and the outlet channel are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet.

4. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the valve core channel and the diameter of the circular hole in the push rod of the toilet flushing valve are respectively denoted as D. L、 d L The diameter of the valve core channel and the diameter of the circular hole in the push rod of the urinal flushing valve are respectively denoted as D. S d S Then D L >D S The stroke of the push rod as Δx L and Δx S ; D L 30~45mm; d L 29~44 mm; Δx L The diameter is 30~47mm; D S 15~25 mm; d S 14~19mm; Δx S It is 15~26 mm.

5. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The push rod is provided with a pressure cap at the top, and the pressure cap is connected to the push rod by a fine-pitch metal thread; The outer surface of the pressure cap is provided with anti-slip ribs or rubber coating; An outer sealing ring is provided at the mating point where the push rod passes through the upper part of the valve body, and an inner sealing ring is provided at the mating point where the push rod passes through the valve body and the flow channel; the outer edges of both the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring are provided with concave structures to mate with the protruding part of the valve body.

6. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic component includes a return spring, the upper end of which is fitted with a cross screw bracket and fixed to the push rod by the cross screw bracket. The lower end of the return spring is supported on a spring base, and the spring base is fixed to the lower part of the valve body by a slot or thread. The push rod is fitted with an O-ring at the cross screw bracket.

7. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The stiffness of the return spring connected to the toilet flushing valve is denoted as k. L The free length is denoted as L0. L The stiffness k of the urinal flushing valve S Free length L0 S Then k L <k S L0 L >L0 S , k L 3~5 N / mm, L0 L The diameter is 30~47 mm; k S 6~9 N / mm, L0 S It is 15~26 mm.

8. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Both the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring are made of EPDM or NBR. Both the cross screw bracket and the spring base are limited by snap rings or threads. The valve body is made of PA66+GF or brass; the push rod is made of POM / stainless steel composite; the return spring is made of SUS304. The cross screw holder and the fasteners in the elastic component are made of SUS304.

9. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the Venturi jet, regulating valves are respectively installed on the water inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe; The minimum diameter of the nozzle is 3~5mm.

10. The water-saving toilet flushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are sealed by sealing rings made of high-strength rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene. The pipe section of the Venturi jet is made of corrosion-resistant material.

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