An adaptive throat ring-slot coupling adjustment device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611008186.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-28
AI Technical Summary
[0004]针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种自适应喉口环-槽耦合调节装置，解决传统轴流冲击式空气透平的动叶片直接暴露在气流中，缺乏自适应流通调制与缓冲调节结构，气流波动直接作用于动叶片，易产生突变载荷，稳定性差且易疲劳损坏的问题
1、本发明，当气流压力和流量增大时，经整流后的气流通过环形喉口的引气微孔流入环形腔体的环形凹槽内，环形喉口上下游压差与环形腔体内压力共同作用于弹性调节件，使其向减小喉口开度的方向发生弹性变形，限制进入动叶片区域的瞬时流量，抑制过大的流速及冲击损失；当气流压力和流量减小时，弹性调节件在自身弹性恢复力与环形腔体压力释放的共同作用下复位，使喉口有效流通面积增大，降低低流量下的节流损失，保证气流能稳定驱动动叶片旋转。
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Figure CN122649941A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of wave energy power generation technology, specifically to an adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device. Background Technology
[0002] Oscillating water column wave energy generation device is an important technical route for the utilization of marine renewable energy. Its core energy conversion component is an axial flow impingement air turbine. It relies on the undulation of the sea waves to drive the air inside the air chamber to flow back and forth, driving the axial flow impingement air turbine to rotate, thereby realizing the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy. Under actual sea conditions, the periodic undulation of the sea waves causes the air chamber to generate bidirectional alternating, strong unsteady oscillating airflow. The airflow pressure and flow rate fluctuate frequently and the transient impact of reversal is violent.
[0003] In traditional axial flow impingement air turbines, the moving blades are usually directly exposed in the airflow channel. There is a lack of adaptive adjustment structures for flow modulation and buffering before and after the blades. Changes in airflow pressure and flow rate act directly on the blade body without modulation, causing the moving blades to bear sudden aerodynamic loads, resulting in poor operational stability and high risk of fatigue damage. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device, which solves the problems of traditional axial flow impingement air turbines where the moving blades are directly exposed to the airflow, lack adaptive flow modulation and buffer adjustment structures, and where airflow fluctuations directly affect the moving blades, easily causing sudden load changes, poor stability, and easy fatigue damage.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device, comprising a base, a circular cavity inside the base, an annular cavity fixedly connected within the circular cavity, a hollow column within the annular cavity, movable blades uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle portion of the hollow column, an elastic adjustment member sleeved on the outer side of the movable blades, an annular throat fixedly connected to both ends of the elastic adjustment member, air-guiding micropores uniformly formed on the outer wall of the annular throat, one side of the annular throat fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity, guide vanes symmetrically and uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column, the guide vanes being located on both sides of the annular cavity, and the annular throat communicating with the annular groove of the annular cavity to form a coupling adjustment structure for dynamic pressure response.
[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the airflow pressure and flow rate increase, the rectified airflow flows into the annular groove of the annular cavity through the air intake micro-hole of the annular throat. The pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the annular throat and the pressure inside the annular cavity work together to act on the elastic regulating component, causing it to elastically deform in the direction of reducing the throat opening, limiting the instantaneous flow rate entering the moving blade area, and suppressing excessive flow velocity and impact loss. When the airflow pressure and flow rate decrease, the elastic regulating component resets under the combined action of its own elastic restoring force and the pressure release of the annular cavity, increasing the effective flow area of the throat, reducing throttling losses at low flow rates, and ensuring that the airflow can stably drive the rotating blade. Through the coupling design between the annular throat, the elastic regulating component, and the annular groove, passive dynamic regulation of bidirectional unsteady airflow in the oscillating water column device can be achieved without the need for external drive or active control system, improving the operational stability of the axial flow impingement air turbine and increasing the overall energy conversion efficiency.
[0007] Preferably, a drive disk is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity column, a keyway is provided in the middle of the drive disk, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the keyway of the drive disk.
[0008] Preferably, a shell is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and long plates are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the shell, with the rotating shaft passing through the middle of the long plates.
[0009] Preferably, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating shaft, a second bevel gear is meshed with the tooth ends of the first bevel gear, and a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second bevel gear.
[0010] Preferably, the end of the connecting shaft away from the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the generator.
[0011] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly connected to one side of the base, and a generator is installed on the top of the support plate.
[0012] Preferably, a float is provided inside the circular cavity of the base, an anchor chain is fixedly connected to the bottom of the float, and an anchor rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the anchor chain.
[0013] Preferably, the elastic adjustment element has a non-uniform stiffness design and is made of either an elastic metal ring or an elastic rubber ring, which produces non-linear elastic deformation as the airflow pressure amplitude changes.
[0014] Preferably, the air-guiding micropores are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular throat, and the air-guiding micropores are provided to penetrate the wall thickness of the annular throat.
[0015] Preferably, the rotating shaft and the cavity column are coaxially arranged.
[0016] Working principle: The anchor is fixed to the seabed. Under the action of oscillating waves, the float moves up and down with the waves, so that a continuous, bidirectional alternating unsteady oscillating airflow is formed in the circular cavity of the base. The oscillating turbulent airflow first contacts the guide vanes on the outer wall of the cavity column. The guide vanes rectify and directionally guide the turbulent airflow. When the air pressure and flow rate increase, the rectified airflow flows into the annular groove of the annular cavity through the air intake micro-hole of the annular throat. The pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the annular throat and the pressure inside the annular cavity work together to act on the elastic regulating element, causing the elastic regulating element to elastically deform in the direction of reducing the throat opening, thus limiting the instantaneous flow rate entering the moving blade area. When the airflow pressure and flow rate decrease, the elastic regulating element automatically resets under the combined action of its own elastic restoring force and the pressure release of the annular cavity, thereby increasing the effective flow area of the throat and reducing throttling losses at low flow rates. During the transient process of airflow changing from forward to reverse or from reverse to forward, the pressure state related to the previous flow direction is still retained in the circumferential groove of the annular cavity. This pressure state has a compensating or suppressing effect on the throat area in a short time, so that the deformation process of the elastic adjustment component does not change completely with the instantaneous change of the mainstream pressure, thus slowing down the sudden change of the throat opening at the moment of reversal. By first applying the change of airflow state to the throat adjustment component, and then transmitting it to the moving blade area after modulation, the change of aerodynamic load on the moving blade is made smoother. The adaptively adjusted, smooth airflow impacts the moving blades, causing them to rotate. The moving blades then rotate the cavity column, which in turn rotates the drive disc and rotating shaft fixed to its inner wall. The rotating shaft then rotates the first bevel gear, which in turn meshes with the second bevel gear, causing the connecting shaft to rotate. The connecting shaft then transmits mechanical energy to the generator, which converts the rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy for output.
[0017] This invention provides an adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, when the airflow pressure and flow rate increase, the rectified airflow flows into the annular groove of the annular cavity through the air intake micro-hole of the annular throat. The pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the annular throat and the pressure inside the annular cavity work together to act on the elastic regulating component, causing it to elastically deform in the direction of reducing the throat opening, thus limiting the instantaneous flow rate entering the moving blade area and suppressing excessive flow velocity and impact loss. When the airflow pressure and flow rate decrease, the elastic regulating component resets under the combined action of its own elastic restoring force and the pressure release of the annular cavity, thereby increasing the effective flow area of the throat, reducing throttling losses at low flow rates, and ensuring that the airflow can stably drive the moving blade to rotate.
[0018] 2. This invention, through the coupling design between the annular throat, the elastic adjustment component, and the circumferential groove, achieves passive dynamic adjustment of the bidirectional unsteady airflow in the oscillating water column device without the need for an external drive or active control system, thereby improving the operational stability of the axial flow impingement air turbine and increasing the overall energy conversion efficiency. The moving blade is transformed from the first force-bearing component directly facing the unsteady airflow in the traditional structure into an energy receiving component working in the airflow environment modulated by the variable throat, thus changing the response mode of the air turbine to the unsteady airflow of the oscillating water column at the structural level.
[0019] 3. In the present invention, during the transient process of airflow changing from forward to reverse or from reverse to forward, the pressure state related to the previous flow direction is still retained in the circumferential groove of the annular cavity. This pressure state has a compensating or suppressing effect on the throat area in a short time, so that the deformation process of the elastic adjustment component does not change completely with the instantaneous change of the mainstream pressure, thereby slowing down the sudden change of the throat opening at the moment of reversal. Through the structural design that the change of airflow state first acts on the throat adjustment component and then is modulated and transmitted to the moving blade area, the aerodynamic load change borne by the moving blade is smoother, improving the operational stability during reversal. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the base structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the cavity column of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the annular cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the elastic adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the moving blade of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the drive disk of the present invention.
[0021] The components are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Circular cavity; 3. Hollow column; 4. Guide vane; 5. Moving vane; 6. Elastic adjustment component; 7. Annular throat; 8. Air intake micropore; 9. Annular cavity; 10. Drive disk; 11. Keyway; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. First bevel gear; 14. Second bevel gear; 15. Connecting shaft; 16. Generator; 17. Support plate; 18. Float; 19. Anchor chain; 20. Anchor bolt; 21. Long plate; 22. Shell. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 This invention provides an adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device, including a base 1, a circular cavity 2 inside the base 1, an annular cavity 9 fixedly connected inside the circular cavity 2 of the base 1, a hollow column 3 inside the annular cavity 9, movable blades 5 uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle part of the hollow column 3, an elastic adjustment member 6 sleeved on the outer side of the movable blades 5, and annular throats 7 fixedly connected to both ends of the elastic adjustment member 6. Air intake microholes 8 are uniformly opened on the outer wall of the annular throats 7, one side of the annular throats 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity 9, and guide vanes 4 are symmetrically and uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column 3. The guide vanes 4 are respectively located on both sides of the annular cavity 9. The annular throats 7 and the annular groove of the annular cavity 9 are interconnected to form a coupling adjustment structure for dynamic pressure response.
[0024] Specifically, under the condition of oscillating water column, the airflow first contacts the guide vanes 4 on the outer wall of the cavity column 3. The guide vanes 4 rectify and directionally guide the turbulent airflow to avoid disorderly airflow impact and prepare for subsequent adjustment and work. When the air pressure and flow rate increase, the rectified airflow flows into the annular groove of the annular cavity 9 through the air intake micro-hole 8 of the annular throat 7. The pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the annular throat 7 and the pressure inside the annular cavity 9 work together to act on the elastic adjustment component 6, causing it to elastically deform in the direction of reducing the throat opening, limiting the instantaneous flow rate entering the area of the moving blade 5, and suppressing excessive flow velocity and impact loss. When the airflow pressure and flow rate decrease, the elastic regulating element 6 resets under the combined action of its own elastic restoring force and the pressure release of the annular cavity 9, thereby increasing the effective flow area of the throat, reducing the throttling loss under low flow rate, and ensuring that the airflow can stably drive the rotating blade 5 to rotate. During the transient process of airflow changing from forward to reverse or from reverse to forward, the pressure state related to the previous flow direction is still retained in the circumferential groove of the annular cavity 9. This pressure state has a compensating or suppressing effect on the throat area in a short time, so that the deformation process of the elastic adjustment component 6 does not change completely with the instantaneous change of the mainstream pressure, thereby slowing down the sudden change of the throat opening at the moment of reversal. Through this structural design, the change of airflow state first acts on the throat adjustment component, and then is transmitted to the moving blade 5 area after modulation, so that the change of aerodynamic load on the moving blade 5 is more gradual, and the operational stability during reversal is improved. Through the structural design of the throat adjustment component, the moving blade 5 is transformed from the first force-bearing component that directly faces the unsteady airflow in the traditional structure into an energy receiving component that works in the airflow environment after the variable throat modulation. This changes the response mode of the air turbine to the unsteady airflow of the oscillating water column at the structural level. In addition, in order to adapt to the working characteristics of alternating forward and reverse airflow, the elastic adjustment component 6 can be set in a front-to-back distributed structure along the axial direction. It is symmetrically arranged in terms of geometry, but through differences in structural parameters or coupling method with the annular cavity 9, it can dominate the throat adjustment behavior in the forward and reverse flow processes of the airflow, thereby further improving the flow stability under the reversing condition.
[0025] Through the coupling design between the annular throat 7, the elastic adjustment component 6 and the circumferential groove, passive dynamic adjustment of the bidirectional unsteady airflow in the oscillating water column device can be achieved without the need for external drive or active control system, thereby improving the operational stability of the axial flow impingement air turbine and increasing the overall energy conversion efficiency.
[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 7 A drive disk 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity column 3. A keyway 11 is provided in the middle of the drive disk 10. A rotating shaft 12 is fixedly connected in the keyway 11 of the drive disk 10. The rotating shaft 12 and the cavity column 3 are coaxially arranged. A shell 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. Long plates 21 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the shell 22. The rotating shaft 12 passes through the middle of the long plate 21. A first bevel gear 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 12. A second bevel gear 14 is meshed with the tooth end of the first bevel gear 13. A connecting shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the middle of the second bevel gear 14. The end of the connecting shaft 15 away from the second bevel gear 14 is fixedly connected to the output end of the generator 16.
[0027] Specifically, under the impact of ocean waves, the adaptively adjusted stable airflow impacts the moving blade 5. The impact force drives the moving blade 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the cavity column 3 to rotate. The cavity column 3 drives the drive disk 10 and the rotating shaft 12, which are fixedly connected to its inner wall, to rotate. The rotating shaft 12 drives the first bevel gear 13 to rotate, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 14 to mesh and rotate, thereby driving the connecting shaft 15 to rotate. The connecting shaft 15 transmits mechanical energy to the generator 16, which converts the rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy output. Throughout the process, the elastic adjustment component 6 continuously and passively adapts to the airflow state without the need for external drive and electronic control systems, ensuring that the moving blade 5 always operates in a stable airflow, thus achieving efficient and stable conversion of wave energy.
[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 2A support plate 17 is fixedly connected to one side of the base 1. A generator 16 is installed on the top of the support plate 17. A float 18 is provided in the circular cavity 2 of the base 1. An anchor chain 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the float 18. An anchor rod 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the anchor chain 19.
[0029] Specifically, the anchor 20 is fixed to the seabed. Under the action of oscillating waves, the float 18 floats up and down with the waves, so that a continuous, bidirectional alternating unsteady oscillating airflow is formed in the circular cavity 2 of the base 1, which provides a power source for the rotating blade 5 to do work.
[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 4 - Appendix Figure 6 The elastic adjustment component 6 has a non-uniform stiffness design and is made of either an elastic metal ring or an elastic rubber ring. It undergoes non-linear elastic deformation as the airflow pressure amplitude changes. The air intake microholes 8 are evenly distributed around the annular throat 7 and are set through the wall thickness of the annular throat 7.
[0031] Specifically, the elastic adjustment component 6 adopts a non-uniform stiffness design, which can generate non-linear elastic deformation with the airflow pressure amplitude. When the airflow pressure and flow rate increase, under the combined action of the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the throat and the pressure of the annular cavity 9, the elastic adjustment component 6 deforms in the direction of reducing the throat opening, limiting the instantaneous flow rate entering the area of the moving blade 5, and suppressing excessive flow velocity and impact loss. When the airflow pressure and flow rate decrease, the elastic regulating element 6 resets under the combined action of its own elastic restoring force and the pressure release of the annular cavity 9, thereby expanding the effective flow area of the throat and reducing throttling losses at low flow rates. By distributing the air-guiding microholes 8 at equal intervals along the circumference of the annular throat 7, the airflow enters the annular cavity 9 uniformly along the circumference of the annular throat 7, avoiding local pressure concentration and ensuring that the elastic adjustment component 6 is subjected to symmetrical force, without uneven load or jamming. The air-guiding microholes 8 penetrate the wall thickness of the annular throat 7, allowing the airflow to flow directly and smoothly into the annular groove coupling cavity. The pressure transmission path is short and the resistance is small, enabling the elastic adjustment component 6 to follow the changes in airflow pressure in real time and making the adaptive adjustment more sensitive.
[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) has a circular cavity (2) inside. An annular cavity (9) is fixedly connected inside the circular cavity (2) of the base (1). A hollow column (3) is provided inside the annular cavity (9). A moving blade (5) is uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle part of the hollow column (3). An elastic adjustment member (6) is sleeved on the outer side of the moving blade (5). An annular throat (7) is fixedly connected to both ends of the elastic adjustment member (6). A micro-hole (8) is uniformly opened on the outer wall of the annular throat (7). One side of the annular throat (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity (9). A guide blade (4) is symmetrically and uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column (3). The guide blade (4) is located on both sides of the annular cavity (9). The annular throat (7) and the annular groove of the annular cavity (9) are interconnected to form a coupling adjustment structure for dynamic pressure response.
2. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cavity column (3) is fixedly connected to a drive disk (10), and a keyway (11) is provided in the middle of the drive disk (10). A rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected in the keyway (11) of the drive disk (10).
3. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a shell (22), and the inner walls on both sides of the shell (22) are fixedly connected to long plates (21). The rotating shaft (12) is set through the middle of the long plate (21).
4. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (13), the tooth end of the first bevel gear (13) is meshed with a second bevel gear (14), and the middle part of the second bevel gear (14) is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (15).
5. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the connecting shaft (15) away from the second bevel gear (14) is fixedly connected to the output end of the generator (16).
6. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate (17) is fixedly connected to one side of the base (1), and a generator (16) is installed on the top of the support plate (17).
7. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A float (18) is provided in the circular cavity (2) of the base (1). An anchor chain (19) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the float (18), and an anchor rod (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the anchor chain (19).
8. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic adjustment component (6) is designed with non-uniform stiffness and is made of either an elastic metal ring or an elastic rubber ring. It undergoes non-linear elastic deformation as the airflow pressure amplitude changes.
9. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-guiding micropores (8) are evenly distributed around the annular throat (7), and the air-guiding micropores (8) are set through the wall thickness of the annular throat (7).
10. The adaptive throat ring-groove coupling adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (12) and the cavity column (3) are coaxially arranged.