Offshore wind turbine device with both scour protection and power generation functions

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of offshore wind turbine devices with anti-scour and power generation function, it is related to the technical field of offshore wind turbine anti-scour, the flow guide cover of bell-shaped structure is fixed on single pile body, the flow path of sea current around single pile body is changed using the flow guide cover of bell-shaped structure, the flow velocity and shear stress around single pile body near bed area are reduced, the formation and development of erosion pit are inhibited by weakening seabed silt starting and loss, the purposes of flow field optimization and anti-scour control are realized, the power generation mechanism is arranged on the flow guide cover, the power generation mechanism composed of blade assembly, transmission assembly and generator is used to convert the kinetic energy of sea current into electric energy, the kinetic energy contained in stable sea current around single pile body is converted into available electric energy, the energy utilization efficiency is further improved, synchronous realization flow field optimization, anti-scour control and improve energy utilization efficiency, solve the problem that existing device cannot simultaneously realize flow field optimization, anti-scour control and improve energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of scour prevention for offshore wind turbines, and more particularly to an offshore wind turbine device that combines scour prevention and power generation functions. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of offshore wind power engineering, monopile foundations are widely used in wind turbine support systems in nearshore and some shallow and medium-water areas due to their mature construction technology, simple structure, and convenient transportation and installation. However, monopile foundations need to withstand the long-term effects of tidal currents, waves, wind loads, and the coupling effect of the superstructure during their service life. Especially when the monopile foundation is surrounded by ocean currents, a relatively complex local flow field will be formed on the seabed around the monopile foundation. The complex local flow field includes a stagnation zone in front of the pile, an acceleration zone on the side of the pile, and a wake vortex zone behind the pile.

[0003] On the one hand, these flow field characteristics enhance the flow velocity and shear stress in the near-bed region around the monopile foundation, inducing sediment initiation and continuously carrying away surface particles from the seabed, eventually forming localized scour pits. Once these localized scour pits continue to develop, they will directly weaken the restraining effect of the soil around the monopile foundation, leading to a reduction in the effective embedment depth of the monopile foundation, a decrease in horizontal bearing capacity, and a deterioration in its anti-overturning performance, thereby posing a threat to the overall safety of the offshore wind turbine.

[0004] On the other hand, the sea areas where offshore wind turbines are located typically have relatively stable tidal conditions, and the ocean currents around the piles contain a certain amount of usable kinetic energy. However, most of the existing offshore wind turbine foundation auxiliary structures do not specifically collect and convert this ocean current energy. Currently common anti-scour methods mainly include riprap revetment, cement grouting, geomat laying, and the installation of local energy dissipation components. These solutions are mostly passive protection methods, and their basic idea is to reduce scour by covering, thickening, or locally weakening the flow velocity. Although these methods have some engineering practicality, they are usually difficult to actively reshape the flow field around a single pile foundation, nor can they convert the kinetic energy of the ocean current into usable electrical energy. Furthermore, they may increase engineering costs and disturb the local marine ecological environment during construction and maintenance.

[0005] The aforementioned passive scour protection measures primarily rely on localized coverage, energy dissipation, or reinforcement layers, making it difficult to fundamentally and actively regulate the flow field around the monopile foundation. Therefore, their effectiveness in mitigating high-speed near-bed zones and localized shear stress concentrations is limited. Furthermore, existing solutions generally neglect the kinetic energy resources inherent in the stable ocean currents surrounding the monopile, failing to convert them into usable electrical energy, resulting in low energy efficiency. In other words, current technologies cannot simultaneously achieve flow field optimization, scour control, and improved energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide an offshore wind turbine device that combines scour prevention and power generation, solving the technical problem that existing devices that combine scour prevention and power generation cannot simultaneously achieve flow field optimization, scour prevention control and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0007] Technical Solution: An offshore wind turbine device with both scour prevention and power generation functions includes a flow guide cover fitted outside the monopile body. The flow guide cover adopts a bell-shaped structure that can change the flow path of the ocean current around the monopile body and reduce the flow velocity and shear stress in the near-bed area around the monopile body. The flow guide cover is equipped with a power generation mechanism that converts ocean current kinetic energy into electrical energy. The power generation mechanism includes a blade assembly for transmitting ocean current kinetic energy. The blade assembly is connected to a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is connected to a generator electrically connected to an energy storage device. The blade assembly is positioned within a favorable flow field area formed after the flow is guided by the flow guide cover. The offshore wind turbine device of this application fixes a bell-shaped guide fairing to the monopile body. The bell-shaped guide fairing changes the flow path of the ocean current around the monopile body, reduces the flow velocity and shear stress in the near-bed area around the monopile body, weakens the initiation and loss of seabed sediment, and achieves the purpose of suppressing the formation and development of scour pits, thereby optimizing the flow field and controlling scour. At the same time, a power generation mechanism is set on the guide fairing. The power generation mechanism, composed of blade assembly, transmission assembly and generator, converts the kinetic energy of the ocean current into electrical energy. This realizes the conversion of the kinetic energy contained in the stable ocean current around the monopile body into usable electrical energy, further improving energy utilization efficiency. It simultaneously achieves flow field optimization, scour control and improved energy utilization efficiency, and solves the technical problem that existing devices that combine scour control and power generation cannot simultaneously achieve flow field optimization, scour control and improved energy utilization efficiency.

[0008] The blade assembly is positioned within the favorable flow field region formed after the flow is guided by the shroud. This means that a flow-generating window is provided on the outer wall of the shroud, and the blade assembly is installed within the flow-generating window, communicating with the external ocean current through the window. The flow-generating window includes a window frame, an upper guide lip, a lower guide lip, and lateral reinforcing edges. These elements, together with the shroud, define a window-type flow passage. After the ocean current passes through the shroud surface and the flow-generating window, it acts on the blade assembly, enabling it to capture the kinetic energy of the ocean current, rather than simply exposing it to the uncontrolled ocean current environment outside the monopile. The blade assembly is positioned at the location of the flow-generating window. Each flow-generating window may have an upper guide lip, a lower guide lip, and a lateral reinforcing frame. The guide lip and the outer wall of the shroud together define a window-type flow passage. The blade assembly is installed within the flow-generating window, rather than being simply exposed to the ocean current outside the monopile. The advantage of this setup is that the position of the rotor in the blade assembly is directly defined by the current-generating window. The ocean current needs to pass through the current-generating window to act on the blade surface of the blade assembly, and the blades of the blade assembly can extend along the current-generating window.

[0009] Preferably, at least two of the power generation mechanisms are arranged along the circumference of the fairing. Arranging at least two power generation mechanisms along the circumference of the fairing increases the number of power generation mechanisms and the amount of kinetic energy contained in the stable ocean currents surrounding the monopile that is converted into usable electrical energy, thus improving energy efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the fairing includes an upper necked connecting section, a middle outward-protruding guiding section, and a lower outward-folding skirt section. These three sections are integrally connected. The upper necked connecting section is fixedly connected to the monopile body. The blade assembly is located on the middle outward-protruding guiding section. The outer surface of the middle outward-protruding guiding section is a continuous transition surface designed to alter the flow path of the ocean current approaching the monopile. The lower outward-folding skirt section is close to the seabed and extends outward from the monopile body. Its outer edge is provided with a skirt to improve the fit between the bottom of the fairing and the seabed, expand the near-bed protection range, and reduce the risk of localized erosion at the bottom of the fairing. The upper necked connecting section, fixedly connected to the monopile body, provides upper support for the fairing. The central convex guide section gradually expands outward from top to bottom, with a continuously transitioning curved surface on its outer surface. This alters the current's path around the monopile, causing some of the current that would normally directly impact the near-bed area around the pile to deflect and disperse along the surface of the cover. The lower outward-curving skirt section approaches the seabed and extends outward from the monopile. The skirt at its outer edge improves the fit between the bottom of the cover and the seabed, expanding the near-bed protection range and reducing the risk of localized erosion at the bottom of the cover. Compared to traditional simple covering scour protection structures, the bell-shaped guide cover of this application has the advantages of: its upper constricted section facilitates reliable connection with the monopile; the central convex section alters the incoming flow path; and the lower outward-curving skirt section expands the near-bed protection range. The three-section structure corresponds to the three functions of "connection and fixation, flow guidance and regulation, and near-bed protection," so that scour protection no longer relies on single local reinforcement but rather on the overall shape to structurally regulate the current around the pile.

[0011] Preferably, the blade assembly includes blade units, and the transmission assembly includes a worm, a turbine, and a rotating shaft. The blade units are connected to the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the shank of the worm, the helical teeth on the worm mesh with the turbine, the turbine is connected to the main drive shaft, and the main drive shaft is connected to the input shaft of the generator. The worm, turbine, and rotating shaft transmit the kinetic energy contained in the ocean current received by the blade units to the main drive shaft, thereby using the kinetic energy contained in the ocean current to drive the rotation of the generator, and ultimately converting the kinetic energy contained in the ocean current into usable electrical energy.

[0012] The advantage of using worm gears and turbines lies in their compact structure, which allows for changes in the direction of power transmission within a limited installation space. This makes the arrangement between the rotating shaft and the main drive shaft more flexible and facilitates the formation of a stable mechanical output path.

[0013] Preferably, the blade assembly includes at least two blade units, the transmission assembly includes at least two rotating shafts, the at least two blade units are correspondingly connected to the at least two rotating shafts, the at least two rotating shafts are synchronously rotatably connected, and any one of the rotating shafts is connected to the worm gear. The at least two blade units can be arranged in layers along the height direction of the fairing, or they can be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the fairing. Compared with a single turbine structure, the layered blade units of this application can convert the kinetic energy of the ocean current at different heights and azimuth windows into the torque of the blade units. The two ends of the rotating shafts are rotatably mounted within the flow-generating window of the fairing or on its support frame via bearing seats.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission assembly further includes a chain, and at least two of the rotating shafts are connected to gears, with the at least two gears connected to each other via the chain for synchronous rotation. The transmission assembly formed by the chain, gears, and rotating shafts unifies and concentrates the kinetic energy of at least two blade units, making the blade assembly and transmission assembly structurally more suitable for integration with the bell-shaped fairing. The chain can unify the distributed torque of multiple blade units, which helps reduce the number of independent power generation units.

[0015] Preferably, the blade unit includes a rotor and blades, the rotor being connected to a rotating shaft, and the blades being mounted on the rotor. The blades are designed to transfer the kinetic energy of the ocean current, converting it into torque for the rotor.

[0016] Preferably, at least two blades are arranged along the circumference of the rotor. These at least two blades are fixed to the rotor and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotor, thus stably transferring ocean current energy using these at least two blades. Increasing the number of blades is beneficial for improving the transferred ocean current energy.

[0017] Unlike the method of using spring-loaded gates to close the flow channel, the offshore wind turbine device of this application mainly completes the collection and power transmission of ocean kinetic energy through the rotor of the blades and the transmission assembly. This avoids limiting the core structure to a closed flow channel and a gate-type opening and closing structure, thereby avoiding the situation where the closed flow channel and gate-type opening and closing structure are extremely difficult to clean and have high inspection and maintenance costs.

[0018] Preferably, at least two blade units on the same blade assembly are vertically arranged, with the blades on the upper blade unit extending beyond the shroud by a greater length than those on the lower blade unit. The vertical arrangement of at least two blade units on the same blade assembly allows for a layered arrangement of at least two blade units along the height of the shroud. Compared to a single turbine structure, the layered blade units of this application can convert the kinetic energy of the ocean current at different heights and azimuth windows into the torque of the blade unit.

[0019] Preferably, output components are provided between the rotating shaft and the gear, and between the main drive shaft and the generator input shaft, respectively, to selectively transmit or reverse the torque generated by ocean currents in different directions; the output components are any one of a one-way clutch, a ratchet mechanism, and a reversing gear set. To adapt to the effects of water currents in different directions, such as high tide and low tide, the offshore wind turbine device of this application may also be provided between the rotating shaft and the gear, and between the main drive shaft and the generator input shaft, with any one of a one-way clutch, a ratchet mechanism, and a reversing gear set. Any one of the one-way clutch, ratchet mechanism, and reversing gear set can selectively transmit or reverse the torque generated by water currents in different directions, thereby improving the device's adaptability to bidirectional ocean current environments.

[0020] Beneficial effects: 1. The offshore wind turbine device of this application has a bell-shaped guide fairing fixed to the monopile body. The bell-shaped guide fairing changes the flow path of the ocean current around the monopile body, reduces the flow velocity and shear stress in the near-bed area around the monopile body, weakens the initiation and loss of seabed sediment, and achieves the purpose of suppressing the formation and development of scour pits, thereby realizing flow field optimization and anti-scour control. At the same time, a power generation mechanism is set on the guide fairing. The power generation mechanism, composed of blade assembly, transmission assembly and generator, converts the kinetic energy of the ocean current into electrical energy, realizing the conversion of the kinetic energy contained in the stable ocean current around the monopile body into usable electrical energy, further improving energy utilization efficiency, and simultaneously realizing flow field optimization, anti-scour control and improved energy utilization efficiency.

[0021] 2. The upper necked section of the deflector in this application is fixedly connected to the main body of the monopile, providing upper support for the deflector. The middle outward-protruding deflector section gradually expands outward from top to bottom, and its outer surface is a continuous transition curved surface, used to change the flow path of the ocean current when it approaches the monopile, so that some of the ocean current that originally directly impacts the near-bed area around the pile is deflected and dispersed along the surface of the deflector. The lower outward-turned skirt section is close to the seabed and extends outward from the monopile. The skirt set at its outer edge is used to improve the fit between the bottom of the deflector and the seabed, expand the near-bed protection range, and reduce the risk of local erosion caused by the ocean current at the bottom of the deflector. Compared with the traditional simple covering anti-scour structure, the advantages of the bell-shaped deflector in this application are: its upper necked section is easy to reliably connect with the monopile, the middle outward-protruding section is used to change the incoming flow path, and the lower outward-turned skirt section is used to expand the near-bed protection range. The three-section structure corresponds to three functions: "connection and fixation, flow guidance and regulation, and near-bed protection". This means that the anti-scouring effect no longer relies on a single local reinforcement, but rather on the overall shape to structurally regulate the ocean current around the pile. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the fairing and the blade assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the blade assembly and the transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the invention, which uses a worm gear and a turbine to connect the main drive shaft and the rotating shaft; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the blades, gears, rotating shaft, and rotor of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Monopile main body, 2. Shield, 3. Blade assembly, 4. Blade, 5. Generator, 6. Blade unit, 7. Worm, 8. Main drive shaft, 9. Turbine, 10. Chain, 11. Gear, 12. Rotating shaft, 13. Rotor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: An offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a flow guide shroud 2 fitted outside the monopile body 1. The flow guide shroud 2 adopts a bell-shaped structure that can change the flow path of the ocean current around the monopile body 1 and reduce the flow velocity and shear stress in the near-bed area around the monopile body 1. The flow guide shroud 2 is equipped with a power generation mechanism that converts ocean current kinetic energy into electrical energy. The power generation mechanism includes a blade assembly 3 for transmitting ocean current kinetic energy. The blade assembly 3 is connected to a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is connected to a generator 5 that is electrically connected to an energy storage device. The blade assembly 3 is located in the favorable flow field area formed after the flow is guided by the flow guide shroud 2. The offshore wind turbine device of this application fixes a bell-shaped guide shroud 2 to the monopile body 1. The bell-shaped guide shroud 2 changes the flow path of the ocean current around the monopile body 1, reduces the flow velocity and shear stress in the near-bed area around the monopile body 1, weakens the initiation and loss of seabed sediment, and achieves the purpose of suppressing the formation and development of scour pits, thereby realizing flow field optimization and anti-scour control. At the same time, a power generation mechanism is set on the guide shroud 2. The power generation mechanism, composed of blade assembly 3, transmission assembly and generator 5, converts the kinetic energy of the ocean current into electrical energy. This realizes the conversion of the kinetic energy contained in the stable ocean current around the monopile body 1 into usable electrical energy, further improving energy utilization efficiency. It simultaneously realizes flow field optimization, anti-scour control and improved energy utilization efficiency, and solves the technical problem that existing devices that combine anti-scour and power generation cannot simultaneously realize flow field optimization, anti-scour control and improved energy utilization efficiency.

[0025] The blade assembly 3 is positioned within the favorable flow field region formed after the flow is guided by the flow deflector 2. This means that a flow-generating window is provided on the outer wall of the flow deflector 2, and the blade assembly 3 is installed within the flow-generating window and communicates with the external ocean current through the flow-generating window. The flow-generating window includes a window frame, an upper flow-generating lip, a lower flow-generating lip, and a lateral reinforcing edge. The window frame, upper flow-generating lip, lower flow-generating lip, and lateral reinforcing edge, together with the flow deflector 2, define a window-type flow passage. After the ocean current passes through the surface of the flow deflector 2 and the flow-generating window, it acts on the blade assembly 3, enabling the blade assembly 3 to capture the kinetic energy of the ocean current, rather than simply exposing the blade assembly 3 to the uncontrolled ocean current environment outside the monopile body 1. The blade assembly 3 is positioned at the location of the flow-generating window. Each flow-generating window may have an upper flow-generating lip, a lower flow-generating lip, and a lateral reinforcing frame. The flow-generating lip and the outer wall of the flow deflector 2 together define a window-type flow passage. The blade assembly 3 is installed within the flow-generating window, rather than being simply exposed to the ocean current outside the monopile body 1. Each flow-generating window includes a window frame, an upper flow-generating lip, a lower flow-generating lip, and lateral reinforcing ribs. The upper and lower flow-generating lips are located at the upper and lower edges of the window, respectively, forming a window-type flow passage structure together with the outer wall of the flow-generating shield 2. The function of the flow-generating window is not simply to create an opening, but to provide a defined installation space for the blade assembly 3 and to allow the water flow to be rectified by the window edge before acting on the surface of the blades 4 on the blade assembly 3. The advantage of this arrangement is that the position of the rotor 13 in the blade assembly 3 is directly defined by the flow-generating window, the ocean current needs to pass through the flow-generating window to act on the blade surface of the blade assembly 3, and the blades of the blade assembly 3 can extend along the flow-generating window. At the same time, the flow-generating window gives the blade assembly 3 a defined installation position, avoiding a lack of structural connection between the blade assembly 3 and the flow-generating shield 2.

[0026] Example 2, based on Example 1, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, at least two power generation mechanisms are arranged along the circumference of the flow guide 2. Arranging at least two power generation mechanisms along the circumference of the flow guide 2 increases the number of power generation mechanisms along the circumference of the flow guide 2, thereby increasing the amount of kinetic energy contained in the stable ocean current surrounding the monopile body 1 that is converted into usable electrical energy, which is beneficial to improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0027] Example 3, based on Example 2, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the flow guide 2 includes an upper constricted connecting section, a middle outward-protruding flow guide section, and a lower outward-folding skirt section. These three sections are integrally connected. The upper constricted connecting section is fixedly connected to the monopile body 1 via clamps, flanges, bolts, or welded connectors. The blade assembly 3 is located on the middle outward-protruding flow guide section. The outer surface of the middle outward-protruding flow guide section is a continuous transition surface designed to alter the flow path of the ocean current approaching the monopile. The lower outward-folding skirt section extends close to the seabed and outward from the monopile body 1. Its outer edge is equipped with a skirt to improve the fit between the bottom of the flow guide 2 and the seabed, expand the near-bed protection range, and reduce the risk of localized erosion at the bottom of the flow guide 2. The upper constricted connecting section, fixedly connected to the monopile body 1, provides upper support for the flow guide 2. The central convex guide section gradually expands outward from top to bottom, with a continuous transitional curved surface on its outer surface. This alters the current's path around the monopile, causing some of the current that would normally directly impact the near-bed area around the pile to deflect and disperse along the surface of the cover. The lower outward-curving skirt section approaches the seabed and extends outward from the monopile. The skirt at its outer edge improves the fit between the bottom of the cover and the seabed, expanding the near-bed protection range and reducing the risk of localized erosion at the bottom of the cover. Compared to traditional simple covering scour protection structures, the bell-shaped guide cover 2 of this application has the advantages of: its upper constricted section facilitates reliable connection with the monopile; the central convex section alters the incoming flow path; and the lower outward-curving skirt section expands the near-bed protection range. The three-section structure corresponds to the three functions of "connection and fixation, flow guidance and regulation, and near-bed protection," so that the scour protection effect no longer relies on a single local reinforcement, but rather on the structured control of the current around the pile through the overall shape.

[0028] Example 4, based on Example 3, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the blade assembly 3 includes blade units 6, and the transmission assembly includes a worm gear 7, a turbine 9, and a rotating shaft 12. The blade units 6 are connected to the rotating shaft 12, one end of which is connected to the shank of the worm gear 7. The helical teeth on the worm gear 7 mesh with the turbine 9, and the turbine 9 is connected to the main drive shaft 8, which is connected to the input shaft of the generator 5. The worm gear 7, turbine 9, and rotating shaft 12 transmit the kinetic energy contained in the ocean current received by the blade units 6 to the main drive shaft 8, thereby using the kinetic energy contained in the ocean current to drive the rotation of the generator 5, and ultimately converting the kinetic energy contained in the ocean current into usable electrical energy.

[0029] The advantage of using worm gear 7 and turbine gear 9 is that the worm gear 7 and turbine gear 9 have a compact structure, which can change the power transmission direction within a limited installation space, making the arrangement between the rotating shaft 12 and the main drive shaft 8 more flexible and conducive to forming a stable mechanical output path.

[0030] Example 5, based on Example 4, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the blade assembly 3 includes at least two blade units 6, and the transmission assembly includes at least two rotating shafts 12. The at least two blade units 6 are correspondingly connected to the at least two rotating shafts 12, and the at least two rotating shafts 12 are synchronously rotatably connected. Any one of the rotating shafts 12 is connected to the worm gear 7. The at least two blade units 6 can be arranged in layers along the height direction of the fairing 2, or they can be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the fairing 2. Compared with a single turbine structure, the layered blade units 6 of this application can convert the kinetic energy of the ocean current at different heights and orientations into the torque of the blade unit 6. The two ends of the rotating shafts 12 are rotatably mounted within the power generation window of the fairing 2 or on its support frame via bearing seats.

[0031] Example 6, based on Example 5, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the transmission assembly also includes a chain 10, and at least two of the rotating shafts 12 are connected to gears 11, with the at least two gears 11 connected to each other by the chain 10 for synchronous rotation. The transmission assembly formed by the chain 10, gears 11, and rotating shafts 12 unifies and gathers the kinetic energy of at least two blade units 6, making the blade assembly 3 and the transmission assembly structurally more suitable for integration with the bell-shaped fairing 2. The chain 10 can unify the distributed torque of multiple blade units 6 for unified output, which helps reduce the number of independent power generation units.

[0032] Example 7, based on Example 6, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the blade unit 6 includes a rotor 13 and blades 4. The rotor 13 is connected to the rotating shaft 12, and the blades 4 are mounted on the rotor 13. The blades 4 are used to transfer the kinetic energy of the ocean current, converting the kinetic energy of the ocean current into the torque of the rotor 13.

[0033] Example 8, based on Example 7, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, at least two blades 4 are arranged circumferentially along the rotor 13. These at least two blades 4 are fixed to the rotor 13 and are evenly distributed circumferentially along the rotor 13, thus stably transferring ocean current energy. Increasing the number of blades 4 is beneficial for improving the transferred ocean current energy.

[0034] Unlike the method of using spring-loaded gates to close the flow channel, the offshore wind turbine device of this application mainly completes the collection and power transmission of ocean kinetic energy through the rotor 13 of the blade 4 and the transmission assembly. This avoids limiting the core structure to a closed flow channel and a gate-type opening and closing structure, thereby avoiding the situation where the closed flow channel and gate-type opening and closing structure are extremely difficult to clean and have high inspection and maintenance costs.

[0035] Example 9, based on any one of Examples 5-8, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, at least two blade units 6 on the same blade assembly 3 are vertically arranged, with the blades of the upper blade unit 6 extending beyond the guide shield 2 by a greater length than those of the lower blade unit 6. The vertical arrangement of at least two blade units 6 on the same blade assembly 3 allows for layered arrangement of at least two blade units 6 along the height direction of the guide shield 2. Compared to a single turbine structure, the layered arrangement of blade units 6 in this application can convert the kinetic energy of the ocean current at different heights and azimuth windows into torque for the blade unit 6.

[0036] Example 10, based on Example 9, provides an offshore wind turbine device that combines erosion prevention and power generation functions, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, output components are respectively provided between the rotating shaft 12 and the gear 11, and between the main drive shaft 8 and the input shaft of the generator 5, for selectively transmitting or reversing the transmission of torque generated under the action of ocean currents in different directions; the output components are any one of a one-way clutch, a ratchet mechanism, and a reversing gear set. To adapt to the action of water currents in different directions such as high tide and low tide, the offshore wind turbine device of this application may also be provided with any one of a one-way clutch, a ratchet mechanism, and a reversing gear set between the rotating shaft 12 and the gear 11, and between the main drive shaft 8 and the input shaft of the generator 5. Any one of the one-way clutch, ratchet mechanism, and reversing gear set can selectively transmit or reversing the output of torque generated under the action of water currents in different directions, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to bidirectional ocean current environments.

[0037] In Example 10, when the ocean current flows near the monopile body 1 of the offshore wind turbine, it first contacts the guide shield 2. The outward-protruding guide section in the middle of the guide shield 2 causes part of the incoming flow to flow around the surface of the guide shield 2, and the outward-curving skirt section at the bottom reduces the direct effect of the near-bed water flow on the seabed around the monopile body 1, thereby slowing down the development of local scouring. At the same time, part of the water flow enters or passes through the guide power generation window and acts on the blade unit 6 inside the window, causing the rotating shaft 12 to rotate. The mechanical energy generated by multiple blade units 6 is collected by gear 11 and chain 10 to the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 is then transmitted to the generator 5 through worm gear 7 and turbine 9, where the generator 5 completes the electrical energy conversion. The converted electrical energy can be transmitted through cables to energy storage devices, offshore platform auxiliary power supply systems, monitoring equipment, or low-power electrical equipment attached to the wind turbine, thus realizing the purpose of converting the kinetic energy contained in the stable ocean current around the monopile body 1 into usable electrical energy.

[0038] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An offshore wind turbine device that combines scour prevention and power generation functions, comprising a shroud (2) fitted over the outside of a monopile body (1), characterized in that, The flow guide (2) adopts a bell-shaped structure that can change the flow path of the ocean current around the monopile body (1) and reduce the flow velocity and shear stress in the near-bed area around the monopile body (1). The flow guide (2) is provided with a power generation mechanism that converts ocean current kinetic energy into electrical energy. The power generation mechanism includes a blade assembly (3) for transmitting ocean current kinetic energy. The blade assembly (3) is connected to a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is connected to a generator (5) that is electrically connected to an energy storage device. The blade assembly (3) is located in the favorable flow field area formed after the flow is guided by the flow guide (2).

2. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion prevention and power generation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two of the power generation mechanisms are arranged circumferentially along the fairing (2).

3. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion prevention and power generation functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow guide (2) includes an upper necked connecting section, a middle outward-protruding flow guide section and a lower outward-turned skirt section. The upper necked connecting section, the middle outward-protruding flow guide section and the lower outward-turned skirt section are integrally connected. The upper necked connecting section is fixedly connected to the monopile body (1). The blade assembly (3) is located on the middle outward-protruding flow guide section. The outer surface of the middle outward-protruding flow guide section is a continuous transition surface used to change the flow path of the ocean current when it approaches the monopile. The lower outward-turned skirt section is close to the seabed and extends to the outside of the monopile body (1). The outer edge of the lower outward-turned skirt section is provided with a skirt to improve the fit between the bottom of the flow guide (2) and the seabed, expand the near-bed protection range, and reduce the risk of local erosion caused by the ocean current at the bottom of the flow guide (2).

4. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion prevention and power generation functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blade assembly (3) includes a blade unit (6), and the transmission assembly includes a worm (7), a turbine (9), and a rotating shaft (12). The blade unit (6) is connected to the rotating shaft (12), one end of the rotating shaft (12) is connected to the shank of the worm (7), the helical teeth on the worm (7) mesh with the turbine (9), the turbine (9) is connected to the main drive shaft (8), and the main drive shaft (8) is connected to the input shaft of the generator (5).

5. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion prevention and power generation functions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blade assembly (3) includes at least two blade units (6), the transmission assembly includes at least two rotating shafts (12), the at least two blade units (6) are correspondingly connected to the at least two rotating shafts (12), the at least two rotating shafts (12) are synchronously connected to each other, and any one of the rotating shafts (12) is connected to the worm (7).

6. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion prevention and power generation functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission assembly also includes a chain (10), and at least two of the rotating shafts (12) are connected to gears (11), and at least two of the gears (11) are connected to each other by the chain (10) for synchronous rotation.

7. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion prevention and power generation functions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The blade unit (6) includes a rotor (13) and blades, the rotor (13) being connected to a rotating shaft (12), and the blades being mounted on the rotor (13).

8. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion prevention and power generation functions according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least two blades are arranged circumferentially along the rotor (13).

9. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion protection and power generation functions according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, At least two blade units (6) on the same blade assembly (3) are vertically arranged, with the blade on the upper blade unit (6) extending beyond the shroud (2) by a greater length than the blade on the lower blade unit (6) extending beyond the shroud (2).

10. The offshore wind turbine device with both erosion protection and power generation functions according to claim 9, characterized in that, Output components are provided between the rotating shaft (12) and the gear (11), and between the main drive shaft (8) and the input shaft of the generator (5), respectively, to enable the torque generated by ocean currents in different directions to be selectively transmitted or reversibly transmitted; the output components are any one of a one-way clutch, a ratchet mechanism, and a reversing gear set.

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