Indoor performance evaluation method and its application of anti-icing asphalt mixture suitable for severe cold regions

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of road engineering material performance evaluation, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating indoor performance of anti-icing asphalt mixture suitable for severe cold regions and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a test piece; 2) forming a simulated thin ice film and recording the ice film formation time; 3) testing the interfacial adhesion; 4) low-temperature load cycle pumping simulation; and 5) performing comprehensive performance evaluation based on the data obtained from steps 2) to 4). The method can truly reproduce the key physical processes of roads in severe cold regions, and the evaluation indexes include ice film formation time, interfacial adhesion reduction rate, dynamic release rate and low-temperature cycle stability, and the method has the characteristics of simple operation, good repeatability and high quantification degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road engineering material performance evaluation technology, and in particular to an indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to frigid regions and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Northwest and Northeast my country, as well as high-altitude regions, have typical severe cold climates, with winter temperatures reaching as low as [missing information]. to Large diurnal temperature variations and long freezing periods make roads prone to forming low-adhesion conditions such as ice films and black ice, severely impacting vehicle safety. With the continuous expansion of highway, national and provincial trunk roads, and bridge and tunnel projects, the demand for winter road safety assurance continues to grow. Anti-icing asphalt mixtures, as a novel material system with active ice melting, delayed icing, and reduced ice-road interface adhesion functions, have attracted widespread attention. However, current indoor evaluation methods for anti-icing materials differ significantly from real-world road service environments, making it difficult for laboratory test results to reflect actual engineering performance.

[0003] The current standard JT / T 1210.2-2018, "De-icing and Snow-melting Materials for Highway Asphalt Mixtures - Part 2: Salt Compound Materials," primarily focuses on the performance evaluation of salt compound materials themselves. Its test methods are generally based on the assumption of the presence of freely flowing liquid water. For example, the high-temperature dynamic water scouring test uses 3500 cycles of dynamic water scouring at 50℃ and 0.3MPa, while the de-icing rate test uses... The evaluation of ice melting under certain conditions and the salt release test used a static immersion method at room temperature to determine the salt concentration of the solution. However, in actual indoor tests, the water froze before penetrating the shallow surface layer of the asphalt mixture, and there was no freely flowing liquid water at the interface. The effective anti-icing components could not diffuse to the ice-road interface, resulting in generally low test results or even failure.

[0004] On the other hand, while liquid water exists in real road environments, its form is completely different from that in standard test conditions. Liquid water on road surfaces mainly exists as a thin ice film, snow meltwater, or water drawn in by wheel pumps, typically only 10-200 μm thick. It exhibits distinct dynamic characteristics due to the influence of wheel loads, temperature cycles, wind speed, and road surface microstructure. The pumping action caused by wheel loads periodically disrupts the asphalt film, allowing the effective anti-icing components to be released and enter the interfacial water film, thereby lowering the freezing point, delaying ice film formation, and reducing ice-road interface adhesion. This kinetic process is entirely different from the static immersion, freeze-thaw, or high-temperature dynamic water scouring processes described in current standards.

[0005] Therefore, the laboratory scenarios of the current standard (static immersion, waterless interface after freezing, no load conditions) are fundamentally different from the actual road service scenarios (thin ice film, dynamic pump suction, load cycle, temperature fluctuation), which makes it impossible for the current test methods to accurately evaluate the anti-icing performance of anti-icing asphalt mixtures, and laboratory data is difficult to predict the actual performance of engineering projects.

[0006] In summary, it is necessary to develop an indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures that can simultaneously simulate low-temperature ice crystal environment, thin ice film formation process, wheel load pumping effect, and microcrack opening behavior. This method would enable a scientific, repeatable, and quantifiable evaluation of anti-icing performance, providing a reliable basis for material selection, structural design, and performance prediction in road engineering in frigid regions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to address the problem that current evaluation standards for anti-icing materials cannot accurately reflect the engineering service performance of anti-icing asphalt mixtures under indoor testing conditions. It proposes a method for evaluating the indoor performance of anti-icing asphalt mixtures in frigid regions and its application. Current standards generally assume the presence of freely flowing liquid water on the specimen surface. However, in indoor low-temperature tests, interfacial water freezes before penetrating the specimen, preventing the diffusion of effective anti-icing components. Simultaneously, in real road environments, liquid water mainly exists as a thin water film between the ice layer and the road surface. Under wheel loads, some of this water film enters the shallow surface of the road surface, creating a pumping effect that carries out the effective anti-icing components and reduces ice-road adhesion at the ice-road interface. These kinetic processes are completely different from the static immersion, freeze-thaw, or high-temperature dynamic water scouring in current standards, making it difficult to predict actual engineering performance from laboratory results. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an indoor evaluation method that can realistically simulate the formation of a thin ice film, interfacial adhesion, load pumping, and low-temperature release behavior to achieve a scientific, effective, and quantifiable evaluation of the anti-icing performance of anti-icing asphalt mixtures.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0009] An indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to frigid regions includes the following steps:

[0010] 1) Preparation of test specimens:

[0011] 2) Form a simulated thin ice film and record the formation time;

[0012] 3) Test the adhesion of the interface;

[0013] 4) Low-temperature load circulation pump suction simulation: Set up a short, enclosed barrier with a height of 5-10 mm around the specimen to maintain a thin water film of 0.1-0.3 mm on the specimen surface; place the specimen in... to In the environment, a periodic load of 0.7-1.0 MPa and 1-2 Hz is applied by a loading device to induce pumping flow in the thin water film within the porous structure; water samples overflowing during the pumping process are collected, the concentration of the effective anti-icing component is measured, and the low-temperature dynamic release rate is calculated.

[0014] 5) Based on the data obtained in steps 2) to 4), a comprehensive performance evaluation is conducted.

[0015] In the above technical solution:

[0016] Standard Marshall specimens (101.6 mm in diameter, 63.5 mm in height) or rut slab specimens (300 mm × 300 mm × 50 mm) can be used as evaluation objects. By constructing a low-temperature water film-ice film interface consistent with the actual road service environment, the mechanism of action of anti-icing materials can be visualized and quantified. Specimens are molded according to JTG E20 standard and used after being placed at room temperature for 24 hours. To simulate the process of snow crystal meltwater, frost melting, and the formation of a thin ice film by trace amounts of liquid water on the road, the specimens are placed in... The environment was pre-cooled to achieve a low-temperature equilibrium; then the temperature was slowly increased to... to Clean water was evenly dripped onto the surface of the specimen, allowing a water film to cover the entire surface. The thickness of the water film was controlled between 0.1 and 0.3 mm. The water film was gradually frozen by temperature control, and the thickness of the ice film was measured using a micro-thickness gauge or optical methods. The time it took for the water film to completely freeze was recorded as the ice film formation time. This process can accurately reflect the dynamic behavior of the gradual formation of a thin ice film on the road surface.

[0017] To evaluate the ability of anti-icing materials to reduce ice-road interface adhesion, after a thin ice film was formed on the specimen surface, a metal drawing head with a diameter of 20-30 mm was placed at a designated position, and clean water was dripped between the bottom of the drawing head and the specimen surface to completely cover the contact area with a water film; subsequently, the specimen was placed... to The specimen was kept in the environment for 30-60 minutes to allow the surface, interstitial water film, and pull-out head of the specimen to freeze completely. A low-temperature pull-out apparatus was then used to pull the specimen at a speed of 10-20 mm / min. The maximum pull-out force was recorded, and the interfacial adhesion force was calculated. The result was then compared with a control specimen without anti-icing material to obtain the rate of decrease in interfacial adhesion force. This step directly reflects the actual effect of the anti-icing material in weakening ice-road interface adhesion.

[0018] To simulate the pumping effect caused by wheel loads and evaluate the dynamic release behavior of anti-icing materials under low-temperature conditions, rutted slab specimens were selected, and short, closed enclosures with a height of 5-10 mm were set around the specimens to maintain a thin water film of 0.1-0.3 mm on the specimen surface at all times. The specimens were then placed in... to In the environment, a periodic load of 0.7-1.0 MPa (1-2 Hz) is applied using a loading device for 10-30 minutes, causing a pumping flow in the thin water film within the porous structure, thereby promoting the release of the effective anti-icing components. Water samples overflowing during the pumping process are collected, and the concentration of the effective components is determined using conductivity, chloride ion content, or silver nitrate titration. The low-temperature dynamic release rate is then calculated. This step realistically simulates the dynamic process of "wheel load-pumping-release" on a road and is a crucial step in evaluating the actual effectiveness of anti-icing materials.

[0019] Based on indicators such as thin ice film formation time, ice film thickness reduction rate, ice-road interface adhesion reduction rate, low-temperature dynamic release rate, and low-temperature cycle stability, a comprehensive evaluation system for anti-icing performance is constructed. The final anti-icing performance level can be determined by graded evaluation or weighted comprehensive scoring.

[0020] The above technical solution can accurately reflect the actual service performance of anti-icing asphalt mixture in extremely cold environments, avoiding the distorted results caused by the absence of liquid water, load, and dynamic water film at the interface in traditional tests, and providing a reliable basis for the design, construction control, and service performance prediction of road materials in frigid regions.

[0021] Specifically, step 1) is as follows: Use standard Marshall specimens or rut plate specimens, mold them according to JTG E20 and place them at room temperature for 24 hours for later use.

[0022] Specifically, step 2) is: placing the specimen in The environment was pre-cooled to achieve a low-temperature equilibrium; then the temperature was increased to... to Clean water was evenly dripped onto the surface of the specimen, so that a water film covered the entire surface of the specimen. The thickness of the water film was controlled at 0.1-0.3 mm. The water film was gradually frozen by temperature control, and the time for the ice film to fully form was recorded.

[0023] Preferred:

[0024] The thickness of the thin ice film is controlled by adjusting the ratio of the amount of water added to the surface area of ​​the specimen. The thickness of the thin ice film is preferably 0.15-0.25 mm.

[0025] The temperature at which the interface freezes and solidifies is: to The ice film takes 40-50 minutes to fully form.

[0026] Specifically, step 3) is as follows: After a thin ice film forms on the surface of the specimen, place the metal drawing head at the designated position, and drip clean water between the bottom of the drawing head and the surface of the specimen, so that the water film completely covers the contact area; place the specimen in... to Keep the interface in the environment for 30-60 minutes to freeze it completely; use a low-temperature pull-out tester to pull it out, record the maximum pull-out force and calculate the interface adhesion force.

[0027] Preferably, the diameter of the metal drawing head is 20-30mm, and the drawing speed is 10-20mm / min.

[0028] Specifically, in step 4):

[0029] The enclosed short enclosure is made of metal or rigid plastic and has a height of 6-10mm to ensure that the thin water film remains stable under load.

[0030] The loading frequency of the periodic load is 1.2-1.8Hz, and the loading time is 15-30min;

[0031] The concentration of the effective anti-icing component was detected by conductivity method, chloride ion content determination method or silver nitrate titration method.

[0032] Specifically, in step 5): after completing the interfacial adhesion test in step 3), the specimen is placed... to The temperature was cycled 5-15 times, with each cycle lasting 0.5-1.5 hours. The interfacial adhesion was then measured again and the rate of decrease in interfacial adhesion was calculated to evaluate the low-temperature cycling stability of the anti-icing performance.

[0033] Specifically, the ice film forms in 5-10 minutes;

[0034] Specifically, the interfacial adhesion decreased by 40-60%;

[0035] Specifically, the low-temperature dynamic release rate is 30-45 mg / L.

[0036] The present invention also provides an application of the above method for indoor performance evaluation of anti-icing asphalt mixtures, anti-icing functional powders, or anti-icing microcapsule materials.

[0037] The aforementioned anti-icing asphalt mixtures include, but are not limited to, the anti-icing asphalt concrete mentioned in JT / T 1210.2-2018 "De-icing and snow-melting materials for highway asphalt mixtures - Part 2: Salt-containing materials", as well as anti-icing solvent coatings, etc., and asphalt concrete with anti-icing effects.

[0038] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0039] This invention, by constructing key experimental steps such as thin ice film formation, interfacial adhesion force measurement, and low-temperature load cyclic pumping, can realistically reproduce the formation process of a thin water film between ice and road surface, the pumping behavior under wheel load, and the dynamic release process of anti-icing active ingredients under low-temperature conditions. It overcomes the experimental distortion problems caused by the absence of liquid water, dynamic water film, and load conditions at the interface in current standards. Compared with traditional evaluation methods based on static immersion, ice melting, or high-temperature dynamic water scouring, this invention can accurately simulate the actual service environment of roads in frigid regions under indoor conditions, allowing the mechanism of action of anti-icing asphalt mixtures to be realistically presented in the laboratory. The thin ice film formation test can reflect the material's ability to delay ice film formation and reduce the rate of ice film thickness growth; the interfacial adhesion force test can quantitatively evaluate the material's effect on weakening the ice-road interface bond; and the low-temperature load cyclic pumping test can simulate the dynamic water film flow under wheel load, realistically reflecting the release rate and release contribution of anti-icing materials under low-temperature conditions. The method of this invention has the advantages of simple operation, good repeatability, and high quantifiability. It can be used for the performance evaluation of different types of anti-icing asphalt mixtures, anti-icing functional powders and microcapsule materials, providing a scientific basis and reliable technical support for the design, construction control and service performance prediction of road materials in cold regions. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, the test methods used in the embodiments are conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used are commercially available.

[0042] All examples and comparative examples used anti-icing asphalt mixtures as the test subjects. Standard Marshall specimens (101.6 mm in diameter, 63.5 mm in height) or rut slab specimens (300 mm × 300 mm × 50 mm) were used, and were left at room temperature for 24 hours after molding. Temperature, water film thickness, load conditions, and interface freezing conditions were strictly controlled during the tests to ensure the repeatability and comparability of the test results.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment uses Marshall specimens as the evaluation object for thin ice film formation and interfacial adhesion tests. The specimens are placed... The environment was pre-cooled for 3 hours to allow it to reach low-temperature equilibrium; then the temperature was slowly increased to [temperature value missing]. Clean water was evenly dripped onto the surface of the specimen, covering the entire surface with a water film of 0.2 mm thickness. The water film was gradually frozen by temperature control, and the time required for complete freezing was recorded. After the ice film formed, a 25 mm diameter metal drawing head was placed at a designated position on the specimen surface, and a small amount of clean water was dripped between the bottom of the drawing head and the specimen surface, ensuring the water film completely covered the contact area. The specimen was then placed... The specimen was kept in the environment for 40 minutes to freeze the surface, interstitial water film, and pull-out head. The specimen was then pulled out at a speed of 15 mm / min using a low-temperature pull-out apparatus. The maximum pull-out force was recorded and the interfacial adhesion force was calculated.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This embodiment uses a rutted slab specimen for a low-temperature load cyclic pump suction test. An 8mm high closed short enclosure is set around the specimen to maintain a stable thin water film on its surface; the specimen is then placed... The sample was pre-cooled in the environment for 2 hours. Clean water was added to the surface of the sample to form a thin water film with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm. Then, a periodic load of 0.8 MPa and 1.5 Hz was applied using a loading device for 20 minutes to induce pumping flow in the pore structure of the thin water film, thereby promoting the release of the anti-icing active ingredient. Water samples overflowing during the pumping process were collected, and the concentration of the active ingredient was determined by the conductivity method. The low-temperature dynamic release rate was also calculated.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This embodiment uses Marshall specimens for thin ice film formation and interfacial adhesion tests, combined with low-temperature cycling stability evaluation. The specimens are... After pre-cooling in the environment for 4 hours, the temperature is raised to [temperature value missing]. A thin water film of approximately 0.15 mm thickness was formed on the surface and allowed to gradually freeze; subsequently, an interfacial adhesion test was performed, using the same method as in Example 1. After completing the interfacial adhesion test, the specimen was placed... to Ten temperature cycles were performed, with each cycle lasting 1 hour. The interfacial adhesion force was measured again, and the rate of decrease in adhesion force was calculated to evaluate the low-temperature cycling stability of the anti-icing performance.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the water film thickness on the specimen surface is insufficient (only 0.05 mm), which means that the water film cannot completely cover the specimen surface. The rest of the test steps are the same.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] The only difference compared to Example 1 is that the interface freezing temperature is set to... The freezing time was insufficient, resulting in inadequate freezing of the interface. The other experimental steps were the same.

[0053] Comparative Example 3

[0054] Compared with Example 2, the only difference is that a closed short barrier was not set up, which caused the thin water film to be unable to maintain a stable thickness; the rest of the test steps are the same.

[0055] Comparative Example 4

[0056] Compared with Example 2, the only difference is that the periodic load is applied for only 5 minutes, resulting in insufficient pump suction; the rest of the test steps are the same.

[0057] Comparative Example 5

[0058] The traditional ice melting rate test method involves placing ice blocks directly on the surface of the specimen. Under constant temperature conditions for 2 hours, the change in the mass of melting ice was measured. Thin ice film simulation, interfacial adhesion test or pump suction test were not performed.

[0059] The prepared specimens were tested for ice film formation time, interfacial adhesion, low-temperature dynamic release rate and low-temperature cycling stability, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0060] Table 1. Test results of anti-icing performance of each embodiment and comparative example

[0061]

[0062] As shown in Table 1, embodiments 1-3 of the present invention... to Under low-temperature conditions, all samples exhibited significantly better anti-icing performance than the comparative examples. The ice film formation time of the sample specimens in the examples was in the range of 6.5-7.1 min, significantly longer than the 3.2-6.0 min of comparative examples 1-4. This indicates that the method of the present invention can effectively delay the ice film formation process, allowing the thin water film on the road surface to have a longer flow and diffusion time before freezing, thus providing conditions for the release of the effective anti-icing components. Regarding interfacial adhesion, the adhesion strength of the sample specimens in the examples was all below 0.12 MPa, significantly lower than the 0.15-0.28 MPa of the comparative examples, with an adhesion strength reduction rate of 48-55%. This indicates that the anti-icing material can effectively weaken the interfacial bond between the ice layer and the asphalt pavement, reduce the ice layer adhesion strength, and improve the low-temperature anti-skid performance of the pavement.

[0063] In the low-temperature load-cycle pumping test, the dynamic release rate of the sample specimens in the examples was significantly higher than that in the comparative examples. The effective component concentration of Examples 1-3 reached 36-42 mg / L, while that of the comparative examples was only 5-20 mg / L. This indicates that the thin water film-load pumping system constructed in this invention can realistically simulate the dynamic water film flow under the action of a wheel, allowing the effective anti-icing component to be continuously released and enter the interfacial water film under low-temperature conditions, thereby playing a role in lowering the freezing point and weakening interfacial adhesion. In terms of low-temperature cycle stability, the sample specimens in the examples all maintained above 90%, while the comparative examples were generally below 70%, and the traditional ice melting rate method (comparative example 5) was even only 40%. This shows that the method of this invention can accurately evaluate the performance retention ability of anti-icing materials under temperature fluctuation conditions and has good repeatability and stability.

[0064] The results of Comparative Examples 1-4 further validated the necessity of the method of the present invention: insufficient water film thickness led to a significant reduction in ice film formation time; inadequate interfacial freezing resulted in excessively high adhesion; the lack of a closed short barrier prevented the water film from maintaining stability, resulting in insufficient pumping action; and insufficient load application time prevented the full release of effective components. Comparative Example 5, using the traditional ice melting rate method, failed to form an effective thin ice film and could not simulate interfacial freezing and pumping behavior, resulting in all indicators being significantly lower than expected, thus failing to reflect the true performance of the anti-icing asphalt mixture.

[0065] Compared with existing technologies, the indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to frigid regions of the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:

[0066] (1) This invention constructs a simulation system of the entire process of "thin water film-thin ice film-interface freezing", enabling the surface of the specimen to be frozen. to Under controlled conditions, this invention forms a thin ice film with controllable thickness and realistic dynamic behavior, accurately reflecting the formation law of ice film on road surfaces. Compared with traditional ice melting rate tests, this invention can significantly extend the ice film formation time and capture the ice film thickness growth rate, enabling quantitative evaluation of the ability of anti-icing materials to delay icing and inhibit rapid ice film development, thus solving the technical deficiency of current standards in being unable to simulate the real ice film formation process.

[0067] (2) This invention employs a low-temperature interfacial adhesion test method. By constructing a thin ice film on the surface of the specimen and freezing the metal pull-out head at the specimen interface, the ice-road interfacial adhesion and its reduction rate can be directly measured, quantitatively reflecting the actual effect of anti-icing materials in weakening ice adhesion. Experimental results show that the method of this invention can reduce the interfacial adhesion rate by 40-55%, which is significantly better than traditional freezing point or melting rate indicators, and can more accurately evaluate the ability of anti-icing materials to improve the low-temperature anti-skid performance of road surfaces.

[0068] (3) This invention simulates the pumping behavior under the action of a wheel by setting up a closed short enclosure and applying a periodic load of 0.7-1.0 MPa, causing the thin water film to flow periodically in the porous structure, thereby triggering the dynamic release of the effective components of anti-icing. This method can measure the low-temperature dynamic release rate and release contribution rate. The experimental results show that the effective component concentration in the embodiment can reach 30-42 mg / L, which is much higher than the 5-15 mg / L of the traditional static immersion method, thus filling the technical gap that the current standard cannot evaluate the release behavior of anti-icing materials under low-temperature conditions.

[0069] (4) The method of this invention has good repeatability, controllability, and engineering applicability. Through a comprehensive evaluation system of multiple indicators such as thin ice film formation, interfacial adhesion force measurement, low-temperature pump release, and cyclic stability, it can fully reflect the actual service performance of anti-icing asphalt mixtures in severe cold environments. Compared with traditional evaluation methods based on melting rate or salt immersion, this invention can realistically reproduce the key physical processes in the road service environment. The evaluation results are highly consistent with actual engineering conditions, providing a reliable basis for road material design, construction control, and service performance prediction in severe cold regions. It has significant engineering application value and promotional significance.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the indoor performance of anti-icing asphalt mixtures suitable for use in frigid regions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Preparation of test specimens: 2) Form a simulated thin ice film and record the formation time; 3) Test the adhesion of the interface; 4) Set up a short, enclosed barrier with a height of 5-10 mm around the specimen to maintain a thin water film of 0.1-0.3 mm on the specimen surface; place the specimen in... to In the environment, a periodic load of 0.7-1.0 MPa and 1-2 Hz is applied by a loading device to cause the thin water film to generate pump flow in the porous structure; Collect water samples overflowing during pumping, determine the concentration of effective anti-icing components, and calculate the low-temperature dynamic release rate; 5) Based on the data obtained in steps 2) to 4), a comprehensive performance evaluation is conducted.

2. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to frigid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1) is to use standard Marshall specimens or rut plate specimens, mold them according to JTG E20 and place them at room temperature for 24 hours for later use.

3. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to severely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2) is: Place the specimen in The environment was pre-cooled to achieve a low-temperature equilibrium; then the temperature was increased to... to Clean water was evenly dripped onto the surface of the specimen, so that a water film covered the entire surface of the specimen. The thickness of the water film was controlled at 0.1-0.3 mm. The water film was gradually frozen by temperature control, and the time for the ice film to fully form was recorded.

4. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to frigid regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the thin ice film is controlled by adjusting the ratio of the amount of water added to the surface area of ​​the specimen. The thickness of the thin ice film is preferably 0.15-0.25 mm. The temperature at which the interface freezes and solidifies is: to The ice film takes 40-50 minutes to fully form.

5. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to severely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3) is as follows: After a thin ice film forms on the surface of the specimen, place the metal drawing head at the designated position, and drip clean water between the bottom of the drawing head and the surface of the specimen, so that the water film completely covers the contact area; place the specimen in... to Keep the interface frozen in the environment for 30-60 minutes; A low-temperature pull-out apparatus was used for pull-out, the maximum pull-out force was recorded, and the interfacial adhesion force was calculated.

6. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to severely cold regions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the metal drawing head is 20-30 mm, and the drawing speed is 10-20 mm / min.

7. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to severely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4): The enclosed short enclosure is made of metal or rigid plastic and has a height of 6-10mm; The loading frequency of the periodic load is 1.2-1.8Hz, and the loading time is 15-30min; The concentration of the effective anti-icing component was detected by conductivity method, chloride ion content determination method or silver nitrate titration method.

8. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to frigid regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5): After completing the interfacial adhesion test in step 3), place the specimen in... to The temperature was cycled 5-15 times, with each cycle lasting 0.5-1.5 hours. The interfacial adhesion was then measured again and the rate of decrease in interfacial adhesion was calculated to evaluate the low-temperature cycling stability of the anti-icing performance.

9. The indoor performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixtures applicable to severely cold regions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ice film forms in 5-10 minutes. The rate of decrease in interfacial adhesion is 40-60%; The low-temperature dynamic release rate is 30-45 mg / L.

10. An application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Used for indoor performance evaluation of anti-icing asphalt mixtures, anti-icing functional powders, or anti-icing microcapsule materials.

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