A low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of precision equipment measurement, in particular to a low-noise current source device based on an optical pumping magnetometer, which comprises a magnetic shielding cylinder, a magnetometer electronics system, a load, a voltage-controlled power supply, a frequency source, a PID circuit module and a phase-discrimination circuit module, wherein: the magnetometer probe of the magnetometer electronics system is arranged in the interior of the magnetic shielding cylinder and located in the central region of a standard coil; the frequency source is arranged outside the magnetic shielding cylinder; the phase-discrimination circuit module is connected with the magnetometer electronics system and the frequency source respectively; the PID circuit module is connected with the phase-discrimination circuit module; the input end of the voltage-controlled power supply is connected with the PID circuit module, and the output end is connected with the standard coil; and the load is arranged between the output end of the voltage-controlled power supply and the standard coil. Through high-sensitivity magnetic field detection, dynamic feedback control and anti-interference design, the application realizes real-time suppression of current fluctuation, greatly improves the current output precision, and significantly improves the system stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of precision equipment measurement technology, and more specifically, to a low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of precision electronic equipment, quantum sensing, and high-precision magnetic field measurement, the stability and noise level of the current source directly affect system performance. Traditional current sources typically employ closed-loop feedback control technology, but their output current is susceptible to external electromagnetic interference, temperature drift, and power supply fluctuations, resulting in high noise levels that fail to meet the demands of high-precision applications. Furthermore, existing magnetic field detection devices, such as magnetoresistive sensors or Hall elements, suffer from limited sensitivity and narrow dynamic range, making it difficult to capture minute current fluctuations in real time, thus limiting the adjustment accuracy of the current source.

[0003] In existing technologies, optically pumped magnetometers are widely used in magnetic field measurement and industrial fields due to their high sensitivity to magnetic field changes and anti-interference capabilities. However, there is currently no systematic solution in the technology that combines optically pumped magnetometers with voltage-controlled power supplies and PID feedback control modules to achieve low-noise current output. Furthermore, the lack of multi-level shielding design for magnetic field environments and coordinated control of standard frequency sources results in insufficient system stability under complex electromagnetic environments.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a current source device that combines high-sensitivity magnetic field detection with dynamic feedback control to solve the technical problems of high noise, poor stability and weak anti-interference ability in traditional current source technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer, which achieves high stability and low noise characteristics in current output by combining high-sensitivity magnetic field detection with dynamic feedback control.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer, comprising a magnetic shielding cylinder, a magnetometer electronics system, a load, a voltage-controlled power supply, a frequency source, a PID circuit module, and a phase detection circuit module. Specifically: a standard coil is arranged around the inner wall of the magnetic shielding cylinder; the magnetometer probe of the magnetometer electronics system is located inside the magnetic shielding cylinder, at the center of the standard coil, for detecting magnetic field changes and processing and outputting the Larmor precession frequency signal; the frequency source is located outside the magnetic shielding cylinder for providing a highly stable reference frequency signal; the phase detection circuit module is connected to both the magnetometer electronics system and the frequency source, for comparing the phase of the processed output frequency signal with the reference frequency signal and generating an error signal; the PID circuit module is connected to the phase detection circuit module for generating a control signal based on the error signal; the input terminal of the voltage-controlled power supply is connected to the PID circuit module, and the output terminal is connected to the standard coil, for receiving the control signal and dynamically adjusting the output current accordingly; the load is located between the output terminal of the voltage-controlled power supply and the standard coil to carry current, forming a closed current loop.

[0007] Furthermore, the magnetic shielding cylinder is made of multiple layers of high magnetic permeability material.

[0008] Furthermore, the standard coil adopts a Helmholtz coil structure to generate a uniform magnetic field inside the magnetic shielding cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the frequency range of the frequency source output is from 10Hz to 300kHz.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnetometer's electronic system employs a self-excited oscillation mode to achieve magnetic field measurement, enabling rapid response to changes in the external magnetic field.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a data acquisition module for recording the detection signals of the magnetometer's electronic system and the output parameters of the voltage-controlled power supply.

[0012] Furthermore, the load can be replaced with wires or other electronic devices.

[0013] The low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer provided in this application has the following beneficial effects: This application achieves real-time suppression of current fluctuations through high-sensitivity magnetic field detection, dynamic feedback control, and anti-interference design, significantly improving current output accuracy and enhancing system stability and reliability. It solves the problems of high noise interference and poor stability in traditional current sources and is suitable for fields such as precision electronic equipment, quantum sensing, and high-precision magnetic field measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the application and to make other features, objects, and advantages of the application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer provided in an embodiment of this application; In the diagram: 1-Magnetic shielding cylinder, 2-Standard coil, 3-Magnetometer probe, 4-Load, 5-Magnetometer electronics system, 6-Voltage controlled power supply, 7-PID circuit module, 8-Phase detection circuit module, 9-Frequency source. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0016] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0017] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0018] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] In addition, the term "multiple" should mean two or more.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer, including a magnetic shielding cylinder 1, a magnetometer electronics system 5, a load 4, a voltage-controlled power supply 6, a frequency source 9, a PID circuit module 7, and a phase detection circuit module 8. A standard coil 2 is arranged around the inner wall of the magnetic shielding cylinder 1; the magnetometer probe 3 of the magnetometer electronics system 5 is located inside the magnetic shielding cylinder 1 and in the central region of the standard coil 2, used to detect magnetic field changes and process and output the Larmor precession frequency signal; the frequency source 9 is located outside the magnetic shielding cylinder 1 to provide a highly stable reference frequency. The frequency signal is processed by a frequency source 9. The phase detection circuit module 8 is connected to the magnetometer electronics system 5 and the frequency source 9 respectively. It is used to compare the phase of the processed output frequency signal with the reference frequency signal and generate an error signal. The PID circuit module 7 is connected to the phase detection circuit module 8 and is used to generate a control signal based on the error signal. The input terminal of the voltage-controlled power supply 6 is connected to the PID circuit module 7 and the output terminal is connected to the standard coil 2. It is used to receive the control signal and dynamically adjust the magnitude of the output current accordingly. The load 4 is set between the output terminal of the voltage-controlled power supply 6 and the standard coil 2 to carry the current and form a closed current loop.

[0022] Specifically, the low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer provided in this application embodiment achieves high stability and low noise characteristics in current output by combining high-sensitivity magnetic field detection with dynamic feedback control. The magnetometer electronics system 5 detects minute changes in the magnetic field caused by the output current of the voltage-controlled power supply 6. Its output signal is a Larmor precession frequency signal, exhibiting high sensitivity and anti-interference capability. The voltage-controlled power supply 6, in conjunction with the standard coil 2, generates a uniform magnetic field within the magnetic shielding cylinder 1. Its output current is adjusted in real-time by the PID circuit module 7. The voltage-controlled power supply 6 is equipped with an external debugging signal input interface to receive real-time control signals from the PID circuit module 7, enabling dynamic adjustment of the output current. The frequency source 9 provides a highly stable reference frequency, ensuring the comparison accuracy of the phase detection circuit module 8. The phase detection circuit module 8 compares the phase signal output by the magnetometer electronics system 5 with the stable signal output by the frequency source 9, generating an error signal. The PID circuit module 7 adjusts the output current of the voltage-controlled power supply 6 according to the error signal, forming a closed-loop feedback to suppress current fluctuations.

[0023] More specifically, in this embodiment, the magnetic field inside the magnetic shielding cylinder 1 is generated by a standard coil 2 powered by a voltage-controlled power supply 6. The magnetometer probe 3 outputs a Larmor precession frequency signal by detecting changes in the magnetic field. This signal is processed by the magnetometer electronics system 5 and then input to the phase detection circuit module 8. The phase detection circuit module 8 compares the processed frequency signal with the stable reference signal of the frequency source 9, generates an error signal, and transmits it to the PID circuit module 7. The PID circuit module 7 adjusts the output current of the voltage-controlled power supply 6 according to the error signal, so that the current fluctuation of the load 4 is dynamically suppressed. In this way, by utilizing the synergistic effect of the magnetometer electronics system 5 and the PID circuit module 7, real-time feedback control of current fluctuations is achieved, ultimately significantly reducing the noise level of the output current and meeting the requirements of high-precision applications.

[0024] Furthermore, the magnetic shielding cylinder 1 is made of multiple layers of high-permeability material. The magnetic shielding cylinder 1, made of multiple layers of high-permeability material, is used to isolate external electromagnetic interference and ensure detection accuracy.

[0025] Furthermore, the standard coil 2 adopts a Helmholtz coil structure to generate a uniform magnetic field within the magnetic shielding cylinder 1. The use of a Helmholtz coil structure in the standard coil 2 ensures the uniformity of the magnetic field within the magnetic shielding cylinder 1.

[0026] Furthermore, the frequency source 9 outputs a frequency range of 10Hz to 300kHz. The frequency source 9 is preferably a high-stability oscillator with a frequency stability better than ±1×10⁻⁶. -9 This is to ensure the phase comparison accuracy of the phase detection circuit module 8.

[0027] Furthermore, the magnetometer electronics system 5 employs a self-excited oscillation mode to achieve magnetic field measurement, enabling rapid response to changes in the external magnetic field. The magnetometer probe 3 and the magnetometer electronics system 5 achieve high-sensitivity magnetic field measurement specifications, with a magnetic field detection sensitivity of no less than 0.5 pT / √Hz@50000 nT, effectively capturing weak magnetic field disturbances caused by changes in the background noise of the output current of the voltage-controlled power supply 6.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a data acquisition module for recording the detection signals of the magnetometer electronics system 5 and the output parameters of the voltage-controlled power supply 6.

[0029] Furthermore, load 4 can be replaced with a wire or other electronic device. In this embodiment, load 4 can be replaced with a wire directly connected to the standard coil 2 to achieve a high-stability magnetic field reproduction function. In this case, the wire acts as a current transmission medium, generating a precise and controllable magnetic field through the stable output current of the voltage-controlled power supply 6, which is used to calibrate other magnetic field measurement devices or simulate specific magnetic field environments. Load 4 can also be replaced with other electronic devices that require high power supply accuracy, such as high-precision sensors, quantum devices, or communication modules. Through the dynamic adjustment function of the voltage-controlled power supply 6, these devices are provided with low-noise, high-stability power supply, meeting their stringent requirements for current accuracy and stability. Through the flexible replacement of load 4, it can not only be used as an independent low-noise current source, but also be expanded into a high-stability magnetic field generator or a precision power supply module, significantly improving the adaptability and application range of the device.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer, characterized in that, This includes a magnetic shielding cylinder, a magnetometer electronics system, a load, a voltage-controlled power supply, a frequency source, a PID circuit module, and a phase detection circuit module, among which: A standard coil is arranged around the inner wall of the magnetic shielding cylinder; The magnetometer probe of the magnetometer electronics system is located inside the magnetic shielding cylinder and in the central region of the standard coil. It is used to detect changes in the magnetic field and to process and output the Larmor precession frequency signal. The frequency source is located outside the magnetic shielding cylinder to provide a highly stable reference frequency signal; The phase detection circuit module is connected to the magnetometer electronics system and the frequency source respectively, and is used to compare the phase of the processed output frequency signal with the reference frequency signal and generate an error signal. The PID circuit module is connected to the phase detection circuit module and is used to generate a control signal based on the error signal. The input terminal of the voltage-controlled power supply is connected to the PID circuit module, and the output terminal is connected to the standard coil, which is used to receive control signals and dynamically adjust the magnitude of the output current accordingly. The load is positioned between the output terminal of the voltage-controlled power supply and the standard coil to carry current and form a closed current loop.

2. The low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic shielding cylinder is made of multiple layers of high magnetic permeability material.

3. The low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The standard coil adopts a Helmholtz coil structure and is used to generate a uniform magnetic field inside the magnetic shielding cylinder.

4. The low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frequency range of the frequency source output is 10Hz to 300kHz.

5. The low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetometer's electronic system employs a self-excited oscillation mode to achieve magnetic field measurement, enabling rapid response to changes in the external magnetic field.

6. The low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a data acquisition module for recording the detection signals of the magnetometer's electronics system and the output parameters of the voltage-controlled power supply.

7. The low-noise current source device based on an optically pumped magnetometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The load can be replaced by wires or other electronic devices.

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