Battery cell, battery device, and electric device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510227799.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-28
AI Technical Summary
[0037] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application.
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Figure CN122659408A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy technologies, new energy vehicles have been increasingly widely used and are gradually replacing traditional fuel vehicles, becoming one of the mainstream modes of transportation. As the power source of new energy vehicles, the power battery is one of their core components; therefore, the safety performance of the power battery has become a key focus of attention.
[0003] In the development of battery technology, improving the reliability of individual battery cells is a key research direction. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device that can improve the reliability of the battery cell.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell, which includes a casing and an electrode assembly. The casing includes a housing, an end cap, and a high-temperature resistant layer. The housing has an opening, and the electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing. The housing includes a bottom wall and side walls. The bottom wall supports the electrode assembly, and the side walls include a first side wall and a second side wall disposed adjacent to each other. The area of the first side wall is larger than that of the second side wall. The end cap covers the opening of the housing. At least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer is disposed outside the first side wall, and the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 2000°C.
[0006] In the above scheme, since a high-temperature resistant layer is provided on the outer side of the first sidewall with a larger shell area, and the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 2000℃, if the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the first sidewall with a larger area is less likely to deform and soften, thus improving the reliability of the battery cell.
[0007] In some embodiments, the high-temperature resistant layer comprises a carbon material.
[0008] In the above scheme, by using carbon materials to prepare the high-temperature resistant layer, the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer can be increased, thereby further improving the reliability of the battery cell.
[0009] In some embodiments, the high-temperature resistant layer further includes a resin material.
[0010] In the above scheme, by using carbon materials and resin materials to prepare the high-temperature resistant layer and combining the two coatings into one, the stability of the high-temperature resistant layer can be improved.
[0011] In some embodiments, the high-temperature resistant layer includes a substrate layer and a carbon material deposited on the surface of the substrate layer, wherein the substrate layer includes any one of a metal or a polymer material.
[0012] The above scheme combines the advantages of both the substrate layer and the carbon material deposited on the surface of the substrate layer, which can further improve the stability of the high-temperature resistant layer.
[0013] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a resin coating disposed on the side of the high-temperature resistant layer away from the casing.
[0014] In the above scheme, the resin coating helps the high-temperature resistant layer to set, making it less prone to collapse and improving its stability.
[0015] In some embodiments, a resin coating is also provided on the side of the high-temperature resistant layer facing the housing.
[0016] In the above scheme, the stability of the high-temperature resistant layer can be further improved by alternating the high-temperature resistant layer and the resin coating.
[0017] In some embodiments, the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is less than or equal to 4000°C.
[0018] In the above solution, by using a high-temperature resistant layer with a melting point of less than or equal to 4000℃, the material cost can be reduced while meeting the safety performance requirements of the battery cell.
[0019] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer is disposed on the outer side of the second sidewall.
[0020] In the above scheme, by also setting a high-temperature resistant layer on the outer side of the second sidewall, the coverage area of the high-temperature resistant layer is increased, making the second sidewall less prone to deformation and further improving the reliability of the battery cell.
[0021] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sidewall is less than the thickness of the second sidewall.
[0022] In the above scheme, since the area of the first sidewall is larger than the area of the second sidewall, the energy density of the battery cell can be increased by setting the thickness of the first sidewall to be smaller than the thickness of the second sidewall.
[0023] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the second sidewall.
[0024] In the above scheme, by setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer on the outer side of the first sidewall, which has a smaller thickness, to a larger thickness, and setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer on the outer side of the second sidewall, which has a larger thickness, to a smaller thickness, it is possible to improve the structural strength of the shell while reducing the space occupied by the shell.
[0025] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer is disposed on the outer side of the bottom wall.
[0026] In the above scheme, by also setting a high-temperature resistant layer on the outer side of the bottom wall, the coverage area of the high-temperature resistant layer is increased, making the bottom wall less prone to deformation and further improving the reliability of the battery cell.
[0027] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sidewall is less than the thickness of the bottom wall.
[0028] In the above scheme, since the bottom wall is used to support the electrode assembly, setting the thickness of the bottom wall to be greater can improve the support strength of the bottom wall.
[0029] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the bottom wall.
[0030] In the above scheme, by setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer on the outer side of the first sidewall, which has a smaller thickness, to a larger thickness, and setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer on the outer side of the bottom wall, which has a larger thickness, to a smaller thickness, it is possible to improve the structural strength of the shell while reducing the space occupied by the shell.
[0031] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 0.1 μm and less than or equal to 10 μm.
[0032] In the above solution, by setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer within a suitable range, both the structural and performance stability of the high-temperature resistant layer can be maintained, while costs can be reduced.
[0033] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than or equal to 3 μm.
[0034] In the above solution, by further limiting the thickness range of the high-temperature resistant layer, the structural and performance stability of the high-temperature resistant layer can be maintained, while also reducing costs.
[0035] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery device, including the battery cell provided in any of the above embodiments.
[0036] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the aforementioned battery device, which is used to provide electrical energy.
[0037] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to some embodiments of this application;
[0040] Figure 2 Exploded views of battery devices according to some embodiments of this application;
[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module according to some embodiments of this application;
[0042] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of this application;
[0043] Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams of the housing structure of some embodiments of this application;
[0044] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the casing of some embodiments of this application;
[0045] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the casing of some other embodiments of this application;
[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of some other embodiments of this application.
[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0048] 1000, Vehicle; 100, Battery unit; 200, Controller; 300, Motor; 10, Top cover; 30, Housing; 400, Battery module; 20, Battery cell; 22, Housing; 21, End cap; 23, Electrode assembly; 24, High temperature resistant layer; 25, Resin coating; 221, Bottom wall; 222, Side wall; 223, First side wall; 224, Second side wall. Detailed Implementation
[0049] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.
[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not vertical in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range.
[0051] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.
[0052] The directional terms used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. It should also be noted in the description of this application that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0053] In this application, the battery cell may include a lithium-ion secondary battery cell, a lithium-ion primary battery cell, a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, or a magnesium-ion battery cell, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto. The battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto. Battery cells are generally classified into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, cuboid / square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.
[0054] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.
[0055] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells; as an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells into a single module. As an example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.
[0056] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cell assemblies housed within the housing.
[0057] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in a housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.
[0058] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.
[0059] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.
[0060] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.
[0061] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.
[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
[0063] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the apparatus provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a battery housing and battery cells 20. In some embodiments, the battery housing may include a top cover 10 and a housing 30, with the top cover 10 and housing 30 covering each other, and the top cover 10 and housing 30 together defining a receiving cavity for receiving the battery cells 20. The housing 30 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the top cover 10 may be a plate-like structure, with the top cover 10 covering the open side of the housing 30 so that the top cover 10 and housing 30 together define the receiving cavity; the top cover 10 and housing 30 may also be hollow structures with one side open, with the open side of the top cover 10 covering the open side of the housing 30. Of course, the battery housing formed by the top cover 10 and housing 30 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module according to some embodiments of this application. In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the whole assembly of multiple battery cells 20 is housed in a housing. Of course, the battery device 100 can also be in the form of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a battery module 400, and then multiple battery modules 400 are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole and housed in a housing. The battery device 100 may also include other structures. For example, the battery device 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing the electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20.
[0065] Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, or a magnesium-ion battery cell, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.
[0066] End cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of housing 22 to fit it. Optionally, end cap 21 can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 21 is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, allowing battery cell 20 to have higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional components such as electrode terminals 26 can be provided on end cap 21. Electrode terminals 26 can be used for electrical connection with electrode assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy to battery cell 20. In some embodiments, end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of end cap 21 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any special limitations on this. In some embodiments, an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21. The insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.
[0067] When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high temperature and rapid gas production can easily cause deformation of the cell's casing. For example, in high-nickel, high-capacity battery cells, the high thermal runaway temperature can lead to softening and failure of the casing. This deformation of the battery cell's casing results in a decrease in its reliability.
[0068] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a battery cell comprising a casing and an electrode assembly. The casing includes a housing, an end cap, and a high-temperature resistant layer. The housing has an opening, and the electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing. The housing includes a bottom wall and sidewalls. The bottom wall supports the electrode assembly, and the sidewalls include a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed adjacent to each other, with the area of the first sidewall being larger than that of the second sidewall. The end cap covers the opening of the housing. At least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer is disposed outside the first sidewall, and the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 2000°C.
[0069] In the above scheme, since a high-temperature resistant layer is provided on the outer side of the first sidewall with a larger shell area, and the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 2000℃, if the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the first sidewall with a larger area is less likely to deform and soften, thus improving the reliability of the battery cell.
[0070] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of some embodiments of this application.
[0071] like Figure 5As shown, in a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell 20, which includes a housing and an electrode assembly 23. The housing includes a shell 22, an end cap 21, and a high-temperature resistant layer 24. The shell 22 has an opening, and the electrode assembly 23 is disposed inside the shell 22. The shell 22 includes a bottom wall 221 and a side wall 222. The bottom wall 221 supports the electrode assembly 23, and the side wall 222 includes a first side wall 223 and a second side wall 224 disposed adjacent to each other. The area of the first side wall 223 is larger than that of the second side wall 224. The end cap 21 is disposed over the opening of the shell 22. At least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is disposed outside the first side wall 223, and the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is greater than or equal to 2000°C.
[0072] The side panel 222 can be rectangular, and includes two opposing first sidewalls 223 and two opposing second sidewalls 224. The first sidewalls 223 and the second sidewalls 224 are connected, and the first sidewalls 223 are the sides with a larger area. The electrode assembly 23 is placed on the bottom wall 221, and the side panel 222 is used to surround the periphery of the electrode assembly 23.
[0073] The casing 22 can be made of aluminum. After thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, the casing 22 is prone to deformation. This application embodiment is particularly applicable to battery cells 20 using the NCM (nickel-cobalt-manganese) ternary material system. This is because the NCM system battery cell 20 has a highly reactive chemical system, and the chemical reaction is intense under thermal runaway, leading to an increase in the temperature of the battery cell 20. Simultaneously, the increase in the capacity of the battery cell 20 further exacerbates the thermal runaway temperature rise. The battery cell 20 has limited heat dissipation capacity and cannot absorb the heat generated by thermal runaway in time, resulting in deformation and failure of the casing 22. Therefore, the battery cell 20 of this application embodiment is particularly applicable to battery cells 20 using the NCM ternary material system, but it is not limited to NCM ternary material system battery cells 20. If battery cells 20 of other systems are also applied to this application embodiment, they are also within the scope of protection of this application.
[0074] The high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be provided only on the outer side of the first sidewall 223, or it can be provided on both the first sidewall 223 and the second sidewall 224 and / or the bottom wall 221. It should be noted that "at least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is provided on the outer side of the first sidewall 223" means that at least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is provided on the side of the first sidewall 223 opposite to the electrode assembly 23. The high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be directly coated on the outer side of the first sidewall 223, or a thin film of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be prepared separately and then adhered to the outer side of the first sidewall 223.
[0075] The high-temperature resistant layer 24 is formed using carbon materials, or it can be formed using carbon materials and resin. For example, it can be made of carbon materials, alumina ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, etc. For instance, graphite in carbon materials has a melting point exceeding 3000℃, exhibiting excellent thermal stability and high-temperature resistance, maintaining structural stability and blocking heat transfer under high-temperature conditions. Alumina ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, and other ceramic materials not only have high-temperature resistance but also good chemical stability and mechanical strength.
[0076] An insulating film is also wrapped around the outer periphery of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 to prevent short circuits in the battery cells 20.
[0077] In the above scheme, since a high-temperature resistant layer 24 is provided on the outer side of the first sidewall 223 with a larger area of the casing 22, and the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 2000℃, if the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the first sidewall 223 with a larger area is less likely to deform and less likely to soften and fail, which can improve the reliability of the battery cell 20.
[0078] In some embodiments, the high-temperature resistant layer 24 comprises a carbon material.
[0079] Carbon materials can include conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphite, hard carbon, graphene, etc. Carbon materials have high temperature resistance and are very lightweight, which can reduce the weight of the outer casing.
[0080] Among the carbon materials, carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes are preferred. Carbon fiber is a fibrous carbon material with a carbon content exceeding 90%, prepared from organic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile fiber, viscose fiber, and asphalt fiber through processes including pre-oxidation, carbonization, and graphitization. Carbon fiber is lightweight, with a density of 1.70 g / cm³. 3 ~1.80g / cm 3 Carbon fiber is lighter than many metal materials. Moreover, it boasts high strength, reaching 1200MPa to 7000MPa, which is 7-10 times that of steel with the same cross-section. Carbon fiber also has a good elastic modulus, reaching 200GPa to 400GPa, similar to steel. Its coefficient of thermal expansion is close to zero, and can even be negative. Besides resisting UV damage, carbon fiber also has excellent corrosion resistance, allowing it to function normally in harsh and complex environments. Furthermore, carbon fiber is wear-resistant and impact-resistant. It also possesses excellent corrosion resistance and physical and mechanical properties. Therefore, using carbon fiber as the material for the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can reduce the weight of the battery cell 20 and improve its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
[0081] In the above scheme, by using carbon materials to prepare the high-temperature resistant layer 24, the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be increased, thereby further improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
[0082] In some embodiments, the high-temperature resistant layer 24 further includes a resin material.
[0083] Resin materials can include high-temperature resistant materials such as phenolic resin, silicone resin, and polyimide resin.
[0084] The carbon material can be immersed in liquid resin first. After the carbon material is cured, there is resin material in the gaps between the carbon materials, resulting in a high-temperature resistant layer 24 that contains both carbon and resin materials.
[0085] Because carbon materials are highly permeable, if the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is a separate carbon coating, high-temperature gases inside the battery cell 20 can easily escape from the gaps in the carbon material, causing the carbon coating to collapse. However, in this embodiment, the gaps between the carbon materials in the high-temperature resistant layer 24 contain resin material, which reduces permeability, makes it less prone to collapse, and provides better support.
[0086] In the above scheme, by using carbon materials and resin materials to prepare the high-temperature resistant layer 24 and combining the two coatings into one, the stability of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be improved.
[0087] In some embodiments, the high-temperature resistant layer 24 includes a substrate layer and a carbon material deposited on the surface of the substrate layer, wherein the substrate layer includes any one of a metal or a polymer material.
[0088] Metals such as copper and aluminum can be selected as the metallic materials. Copper has good electrical and thermal conductivity, which can quickly conduct heat during battery operation and reduce the risk of thermal runaway; at the same time, its high mechanical strength can provide stable support for carbon materials. Aluminum has low density, which can reduce the overall weight of the battery, and its surface easily forms a dense oxide film, enhancing corrosion resistance and ensuring the stability of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 in complex environments.
[0089] Polymer materials such as polyimide and polyphenylene sulfide can be selected. Polyimide has good mechanical properties, electrical insulation, and chemical stability. When combined with carbon materials, it can maintain structural stability at high temperatures and fill the gaps in carbon materials, reducing air permeability. Polyphenylene sulfide, on the other hand, has advantages such as high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, and good dimensional stability. It can synergistically improve the overall performance of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 with carbon materials.
[0090] The substrate layer can be prepared first using metal or polymer materials, and then carbon materials can be deposited on the substrate layer to obtain the high-temperature resistant layer 24.
[0091] In the above scheme, the advantages of both the substrate layer and the carbon material deposited on the surface of the substrate layer are combined, which can further improve the stability of the high temperature resistant layer 24.
[0092] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the casing of some embodiments of this application.
[0093] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes a resin coating 25, which is disposed on the side of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 away from the housing 22.
[0094] The resin coating 25 can be made of high-temperature resistant materials such as phenolic resin, silicone resin, and polyimide resin.
[0095] In the above scheme, the resin coating 25 can help the high-temperature resistant layer 24 to take shape, making the high-temperature resistant layer 24 less prone to collapse and improving the stability of the high-temperature resistant layer 24.
[0096] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the casing of some other embodiments of this application.
[0097] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a resin coating 25 is also provided on the side of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 facing the housing 22.
[0098] Multiple layers of resin coating 25 and multiple layers of high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be provided, with the resin coating 25 and the high-temperature resistant layer 24 being provided alternately. Alternatively, one layer of high-temperature resistant layer 24 and two layers of resin coating 25 can be provided, with the high-temperature resistant layer 24 sandwiched between the two layers of resin coating 25.
[0099] In the above scheme, by alternating the high-temperature resistant layer 24 and the resin coating 25, the stability of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be further improved.
[0100] In some embodiments, the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is less than or equal to 4000°C.
[0101] For example, graphite, a carbon material, has a melting point exceeding 3000℃, exhibiting excellent thermal stability and high-temperature resistance. It maintains structural stability under high-temperature conditions, effectively blocking heat transfer. Furthermore, some ceramic materials also possess high melting point characteristics within this range, such as alumina ceramics and silicon carbide ceramics. These not only withstand high temperatures but also possess good chemical stability and mechanical strength, protecting the outer shell of the battery cell 20 while resisting the corrosion of internal chemical substances. From a cost perspective, materials in this melting point range offer a diverse selection, unlike ultra-high melting point materials (far exceeding 4000℃) which are scarce and expensive. This reduces material costs while meeting the safety performance requirements of the battery cell 20. For instance, common carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites have a melting point of around 3000℃, meeting high-temperature resistance requirements while also having a relatively mature manufacturing process and controllable costs, making them suitable for large-scale production applications.
[0102] In the above scheme, by using a high-temperature resistant layer 24 with a melting point of less than or equal to 4000℃, the material cost can be reduced while meeting the safety performance requirements of the battery cell 20.
[0103] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of some other embodiments of this application.
[0104] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is disposed on the outer side of the second sidewall 224.
[0105] In other words, a high-temperature resistant layer 24 is provided on the outer side of both the first sidewall 223 and the second sidewall 224.
[0106] In the above scheme, by also providing a high-temperature resistant layer 24 on the outside of the second sidewall 224, the coverage area of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is increased, making the second sidewall 224 less prone to deformation, and further improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
[0107] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sidewall 223 is less than the thickness of the second sidewall 224.
[0108] In the above scheme, since the area of the first sidewall 223 is larger than the area of the second sidewall 224, the energy density of the battery cell 20 can be improved by setting the thickness of the first sidewall 223 to be smaller than the thickness of the second sidewall 224.
[0109] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall 223 is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outer side of the second sidewall 224.
[0110] In other words, the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outside of the first sidewall 223 is thicker, while the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outside of the second sidewall 224 is thinner.
[0111] In the above scheme, by setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 on the outside of the first sidewall 223 (which has a smaller thickness) to be larger, and setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 on the outside of the second sidewall 224 (which has a larger thickness) to be smaller, it is possible to improve the structural strength of the shell 22 while reducing the space occupied by the shell 22.
[0112] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is disposed on the outer side of the bottom wall 221.
[0113] A high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be provided on the outer side of the first side wall 223 and the bottom wall 221, and a high-temperature resistant layer 24 can also be provided on the outer side of the first side wall 223, the second side wall 224, and the bottom wall 221.
[0114] In the above scheme, by also setting a high-temperature resistant layer 24 on the outside of the bottom wall 221, the coverage area of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is increased, making the bottom wall 221 less prone to deformation, and further improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
[0115] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sidewall 223 is less than the thickness of the bottom wall 221.
[0116] In the above scheme, since the bottom wall 221 is used to support the electrode assembly 23, the thickness of the bottom wall 221 is set to be greater, which can improve the support strength of the bottom wall 221.
[0117] Optionally, the thickness of the first sidewall 223 is less than the thickness of the second sidewall 224, and the thickness of the second sidewall 224 is less than the thickness of the bottom wall 221, so as to improve the strength of the bottom wall 221 supporting the electrode assembly 23 and at the same time improve the energy density of the battery cell 20.
[0118] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall 223 is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outer side of the bottom wall 221.
[0119] In other words, the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outside of the first side wall 223 is thicker, while the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outside of the bottom wall 221 is thinner.
[0120] In the above scheme, by setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 on the outside of the first sidewall 223 (which has a smaller thickness) to be larger, and setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 on the outside of the bottom wall 221 (which has a larger thickness) to be smaller, it is possible to improve the structural strength of the shell 22 while reducing the space occupied by the shell 22.
[0121] Optionally, the thickness of the first sidewall 223 is less than the thickness of the second sidewall 224, and the thickness of the second sidewall 224 is less than the thickness of the bottom wall 221; the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outside of the first sidewall 223 is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outside of the second sidewall 224, and the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outside of the second sidewall 224 is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 disposed on the outside of the bottom wall 221, so as to reduce the space occupied by the shell 22.
[0122] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is greater than or equal to 0.1 μm and less than or equal to 10 μm.
[0123] The thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be any value in the range of 0.1μm to 10μm. For example, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be 0.1μm, 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, etc.
[0124] In the above solution, by setting the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 within a suitable range, the structural and performance stability of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be maintained, while the cost can be reduced.
[0125] In some embodiments, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than or equal to 3 μm.
[0126] The thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be any value in the range of 1μm-3μm. For example, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be 1μm, 1.2μm, 1.5μm, 2μm, 2.2μm, 2.5μm, 2.7μm, 2.8μm, 2.9μm, 3μm, etc.
[0127] In the above solution, by further limiting the thickness range of the high-temperature resistant layer 24, the structural and performance stability of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 can be maintained, while also reducing costs.
[0128] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery device, including the battery cell 20 provided in any of the above embodiments.
[0129] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the aforementioned battery device, which is used to provide electrical energy.
[0130] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides a battery cell 20, which includes a casing and an electrode assembly 23. The casing includes a housing 22, an end cap 21, and a high-temperature resistant layer 24. The housing 22 has an opening, and the electrode assembly 23 is disposed inside the housing 22. The housing 22 includes a bottom wall 221 and side walls 222. The bottom wall 221 supports the electrode assembly 23, and the side walls 222 include a first side wall 223 and a second side wall 224 disposed adjacent to each other. The area of the first side wall 223 is larger than that of the second side wall 224. The end cap 21 covers the opening of the housing 22. At least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is disposed outside the first side wall 223, and the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is greater than or equal to 2000°C. The melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer 24 is less than or equal to 4000°C.
[0131] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A battery cell, characterized in that, Includes a housing and an electrode assembly, the housing comprising: A housing with an opening is provided, and the electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing. The housing includes a bottom wall and side walls, the bottom wall supporting the electrode assembly, and the side walls including a first side wall and a second side wall disposed adjacent to each other, the area of the first side wall being larger than that of the second side wall; End cap, which covers the opening of the housing; A high-temperature resistant layer, at least a portion of which is disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall, wherein the melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 2000°C.
2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant layer comprises carbon materials.
3. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant layer also includes resin materials.
4. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant layer includes a substrate layer and carbon material deposited on the surface of the substrate layer, wherein the substrate layer includes any one of metal or polymer material.
5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes a resin coating, which is disposed on the side of the high-temperature resistant layer away from the housing.
6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resin coating is also provided on the side of the high-temperature resistant layer facing the housing.
7. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting point of the high-temperature resistant layer is less than or equal to 4000℃.
8. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, At least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer is disposed on the outer side of the second sidewall.
9. The battery cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the first sidewall is less than the thickness of the second sidewall.
10. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the second sidewall.
11. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, At least a portion of the high-temperature resistant layer is disposed on the outer side of the bottom wall.
12. The battery cell according to claim 11, characterized in that, The thickness of the first sidewall is less than the thickness of the bottom wall.
13. The battery cell according to claim 12, characterized in that, The thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall is greater than the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer disposed on the outer side of the bottom wall.
14. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 0.1 μm and less than or equal to 10 μm.
15. The battery cell according to claim 14, characterized in that, The thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than or equal to 3 μm.
16. A battery device, characterized in that, Includes the battery cell as described in any one of claims 1-15.
17. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery device according to claim 16, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.