Inverter structure for energy storage PCS

Abstract

The application discloses an inverter structure for energy storage PCS, comprising an inverter main body, a column box and a phase change radiator, wherein the surface of the inverter main body is provided with a heat spreading plate, the column box and the phase change radiator are fixed to the surface of the heat spreading plate, the phase change radiator comprises a flow guide seat, a conveying box and a heat dissipation condensing box, the inner side of the flow guide seat is provided with a capillary cavity, the inner side of the conveying box is provided with a capillary grid and a pressure cavity, the two sides of the pressure cavity are provided with one-way valve leaves, and the bottom end of the conveying box is provided with a piezoelectric vibration piece. The capillary cavity and the capillary grid form a capillary backflow structure, passive heat dissipation is realized through phase change medium evaporation, condensation and capillary backflow under normal working conditions; under high heat load working conditions, the piezoelectric vibration piece drives the pressure cavity to form alternating positive and negative pressure, so that the phase change heat conducting liquid forms active circulation conveying, the heat conducting liquid circulation speed and heat exchange efficiency are improved, and a double working condition heat dissipation mode combining capillary natural circulation and piezoelectric active circulation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inverter heat dissipation structure technology, specifically to an inverter structure for energy storage PCS. Background Technology

[0002] Existing heat dissipation methods for energy storage PCS mainly include air cooling and liquid cooling. Air cooling typically uses a radiator in conjunction with an axial or centrifugal fan for air circulation and heat exchange. While the structure is relatively simple, air's thermal conductivity is limited, making it prone to forming localized hotspots under high heat flux conditions. Furthermore, long-term high-speed fan operation generates high energy consumption and noise, and issues such as dust accumulation, blockage, and frequent maintenance arise. Liquid cooling, while improving heat exchange capacity, generally requires a circulating pump, piping system, and heat exchanger, resulting in a more complex equipment structure. The system continuously consumes electrical energy during operation, and mechanical pumps are prone to wear, leakage, and malfunctions over long-term operation, increasing maintenance costs and operational risks.

[0003] To further improve heat dissipation efficiency, some energy storage PCS systems have begun to adopt passive cooling technologies such as heat pipes, vapor chambers, and phase change cooling. These technologies utilize the heat absorption of working fluid evaporation and the heat release of condensation to achieve heat transfer, offering advantages such as high heat exchange efficiency and no need for continuous drive. However, existing phase change cooling structures mainly rely on capillary reflux or gravity reflux for working fluid circulation. When the equipment is operating under high heat load, the working fluid circulation speed is easily limited by the capillary reflux capacity, leading to heat accumulation and difficulty in actively adjusting according to actual heat load changes, thus affecting overall heat dissipation performance. Therefore, this paper studies and improves upon existing problems, providing an inverter structure for energy storage PCS to address current issues, aiming to solve problems and improve practical value through this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems of existing energy storage PCS, which mostly adopt air cooling or liquid cooling methods, resulting in high power consumption of the cooling system, significant local heat accumulation, limited heat exchange efficiency, and difficulty in dynamically adjusting the heat dissipation capacity according to load changes.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An inverter structure for an energy storage PCS includes an inverter body, a cylindrical housing, and a phase change heat sink. A heat spreader is provided on the surface of the inverter body. The cylindrical housing and the phase change heat sink are fixed to the surface of the heat spreader. The phase change heat sink includes a flow guide seat, a delivery box, and a heat dissipation condensation box. A capillary cavity communicating with the inner side of the heat spreader is provided on the inner side of the flow guide seat. The delivery box is fixed to the surface of the flow guide seat, and a capillary grid communicating with the capillary cavity is provided on the inner side of the delivery box. The heat dissipation condensation box is fixed to the top surface of the delivery box. The bottom end of the cylindrical housing is connected to the inner cavity of the heat spreader. The container is connected, and a connecting pipe is provided on the top surface of the column box; a pressure chamber is opened on the inner side of the conveying box, and a piezoelectric vibrator is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying box. The two ends of the pressure chamber are respectively connected to a connecting pipe and a return pipe, and the other ends of the connecting pipe and the return pipe are respectively connected to the inner side of the column box and the inner cavity of the heat spreader. One-way valves are provided on both sides of the pressure chamber at the ports of the connecting pipe and the return pipe, respectively. Under the vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator, positive pressure and negative pressure are generated inside the pressure chamber. The heat transfer liquid is introduced through the connecting pipe and transported to the inside of the heat spreader through the return pipe to form a circulating flow.

[0006] With the above structure, the heat spreader can quickly absorb the heat generated by the power devices inside the inverter body. The phase change heat transfer fluid undergoes phase change and absorbs heat after being heated, and forms a natural circulation under the action of the capillary cavity and capillary grid. At the same time, the piezoelectric vibrator can drive the heat transfer fluid to actively circulate and transport according to the heat dissipation requirements, thus forming a dual-mode heat dissipation system that combines passive heat dissipation and active heat dissipation.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the flow guide seat, the delivery box, and the heat dissipation and condensation box are further configured in two sets and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column box. The column box has a cavity structure and is filled with phase change heat transfer fluid together with the heat spreader. The phase change heat transfer fluid is one of fluorinated liquid and electronic fluorinated coolant.

[0008] The above structure enables the heat exchanger plate, the column box, and the phase change heat sink to form a unified phase change medium circulation space, which can increase the phase change medium storage and heat exchange coverage, and enhance the overall heat transfer capacity.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure chamber and the top of the one-way valve leaf are connected to the interior of the heat dissipation condensation box, which is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation columns and is an integrally formed structure.

[0010] With the above structure, the heat transfer fluid can fully contact the heat dissipation column, achieving rapid heat release and condensation, and improving the phase change cycle efficiency.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the one-way valve leaflets are further configured such that they are arranged on both sides of the pressure chamber, with one side of the one-way valve leaflet used for one-way introduction of liquid flow from the pipe into the pressure chamber, and the other side of the one-way valve leaflet used for one-way discharge of liquid flow from the pressure chamber into the return pipe.

[0012] The above structure ensures that the liquid flow always circulates in the predetermined direction during the piezoelectric vibrator driving process, avoiding backflow of the medium and improving conveying efficiency and circulation stability.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the heat dissipation column extends into the pressure chamber, and the other end extends to the outer side of the top of the heat dissipation condensation box.

[0014] The above structure increases the contact area between the heat transfer fluid and the outside air, improves the condensation and heat dissipation capacity, and shortens the condensation time of the phase change medium.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the heat spreader is further configured such that microchannels are provided on the inner side of the heat spreader plate, and several microchannels are arranged in a serpentine, parallel, or grid pattern along the heat source area of ​​the power module inside the inverter body.

[0016] The above structure can expand the heat collection area, improve the heat absorption efficiency of the heat spreader for power devices, and reduce the temperature of local hot spots.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the piezoelectric vibrator is further configured as a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator structure, which is fixed to the bottom of the conveyor box and correspondingly arranged with the pressure chamber, and generates periodic bending vibration by being driven by alternating voltage.

[0018] The above structure allows electrical energy to be directly converted into mechanical vibration energy, creating periodic pressure changes inside the pressure chamber. This enables low-power heat transfer fluid delivery and avoids the noise and mechanical wear problems associated with traditional mechanical pumps.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the capillary lumen and the capillary grid are both capillary reflux structures, wherein the capillary reflux structure is one of a sintered metal capillary core, a microgroove capillary core, a porous ceramic capillary core, or a fiber capillary core.

[0020] With the above structure, even when the piezoelectric vibrator stops working, the heat transfer fluid can still be kept circulating by capillary action, thus ensuring that the system has basic heat dissipation capabilities.

[0021] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, a piezoelectric vibrator is set at the bottom of the delivery box, and a piezoelectric micro-pump structure is formed in conjunction with the pressure chamber and the one-way valves on both sides. Under high load heat dissipation conditions, the piezoelectric vibrator is driven by alternating voltage to generate periodic bending vibration, so that alternating positive and negative pressure is formed inside the pressure chamber. This actively draws the phase change heat transfer fluid inside the column box and delivers it to the heat dissipation condensation box, and then returns it to the heat spreader plate through the return pipe. This improves the circulation speed and heat exchange efficiency of the phase change medium, and realizes dual-condition coordinated heat dissipation between passive capillary circulation and active piezoelectric circulation.

[0022] 2. In this invention, by integrating the capillary reflux structure, phase change heat transfer structure, and piezoelectric drive structure into the same heat dissipation system, the device can complete natural circulation by relying on capillary force under low heat load conditions, and can actively boost and deliver heat through piezoelectric vibrators under high heat load conditions. The heat dissipation capacity can be dynamically adjusted without the need for traditional mechanical water pumps, centrifugal fans, or motor drive components. This not only reduces overall energy consumption and operating noise, but also improves the heat transfer efficiency and temperature uniformity of the power device area of ​​the energy storage PCS.

[0023] 3. In this invention, the micro conveying mechanism composed of piezoelectric vibrator and one-way valve vane does not have the wear problems of traditional rotating shaft, shaft seal and impeller. It has the characteristics of compact structure, low failure rate, low maintenance requirements and suitability for narrow space arrangement. It is especially suitable for use in high integration and small space heat dissipation scenarios inside energy storage PCS. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a column box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a conveyor box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor box and a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric vibrator mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the conveyor box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure label: 100. Inverter body; 110. Heat spreader plate; 200. Column box; 210. Fins; 211. Connecting pipe; 300. Phase change radiator; 310. Flow guide seat; 311. Capillary cavity; 320. Delivery box; 321. Pressure chamber; 322. One-way valve leaf; 323. Capillary grid; 330. Heat dissipation and condensation box; 340. Return pipe; 350. Piezoelectric vibrator. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0028] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an inverter structure for an energy storage PCS provided by some embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Combination Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides an inverter structure for an energy storage PCS, including an inverter body 100, a column box 200, and a phase change heat sink 300.

[0030] The inverter body 100 is the main structure of the energy storage PCS. The inverter body 100 contains heat-generating components such as IGBT power modules, SiC power modules, drive control boards, busbar assemblies, and capacitor assemblies. A heat spreader 110 is fixedly installed on the top of the inverter body 100. The heat spreader 110 is made of a copper substrate, aluminum substrate, or copper-aluminum composite substrate and is used to quickly collect and evenly diffuse heat inside the inverter body 100.

[0031] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the heat spreader 110 has microchannels inside. Several microchannels are arranged in a serpentine, parallel, or grid pattern along the heat source area of ​​the power module inside the inverter body 100, allowing the heat spreader 110 to form a large-area contact with the heat source and improving heat collection efficiency. When the power module is working, the heat generated is first conducted to the heat spreader 110 and absorbed by the microchannel area inside the heat spreader 110.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the column box 200 is fixedly installed in the central area of ​​the top of the heat spreader 110. The column box 200 has a hollow structure inside, and its bottom end communicates with the inner cavity of the heat spreader 110, so that the column box 200 and the heat spreader 110 form a unified medium circulation space. The interior of the column box 200 and the interior of the heat spreader 110 are both filled with a phase change heat transfer fluid. The phase change heat transfer fluid is preferably a fluorinated liquid or an electronic fluorinated coolant, which utilizes its insulation properties and low boiling point characteristics to achieve phase change heat transfer.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a connecting pipe 211 is fixedly connected to the top of the column box 200. The connecting pipe 211 extends to both sides of the column box 200 and is used to transport the phase change heat transfer fluid inside the column box 200 to the phase change radiator 300 area.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 As shown, there are two sets of phase change heat sinks 300, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column box 200, so that the heat inside the heat spreader 110 can be transferred to both sides at the same time, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation area and heat exchange efficiency.

[0035] refer to Figures 2 to 4As shown, the phase change radiator 300 includes a flow guide seat 310, a delivery box 320, and a heat dissipation condensation box 330.

[0036] The flow guide seat 310 is fixedly installed on the top of the heat spreader 110. The flow guide seat 310 has a capillary cavity 311 inside, which is connected to the inside of the heat spreader 110. The capillary cavity 311 forms a capillary reflux structure, and its interior can adopt one of the following structures: sintered metal capillary core, microgroove capillary core, porous ceramic capillary core, or fiber capillary core, to form a continuous capillary transport channel.

[0037] refer to Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the delivery box 320 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide seat 310. The delivery box 320 has a capillary grid 323 inside, which is connected to the capillary cavity 311. The capillary grid 323 also forms a capillary reflux structure. Its interior can adopt one of the following structures: sintered metal capillary core, microgroove capillary core, porous ceramic capillary core, or fiber capillary core, so that the heat transfer fluid can be guided and refluxed inside the delivery box 320 by capillary force.

[0038] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a pressure chamber 321 is formed inside the conveying box 320, located above the capillary grid 323. A piezoelectric vibrator 350, which is a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator structure, is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying box 320. The piezoelectric vibrator 350 is correspondingly arranged with the pressure chamber 321. When the control system inputs an alternating voltage to the piezoelectric vibrator 350, the piezoelectric vibrator 350 undergoes periodic bending deformation, thereby creating alternating positive and negative pressure states inside the pressure chamber 321.

[0039] refer to Figure 6 As shown, the two ends of the pressure chamber 321 are connected to the connecting pipe 211 and the return pipe 340, respectively. The other end of the connecting pipe 211 is connected to the inside of the column box 200, and the other end of the return pipe 340 is connected to the inside of the heat spreader 110.

[0040] One-way valves 322 are respectively installed on both sides of the pressure chamber 321, with each valve located at the connection port between the connecting pipe 211 and the return pipe 340 and the pressure chamber 321. The one-way valve 322 on the connecting pipe 211 side is used for unidirectional introduction of liquid flow from the connecting pipe 211 into the pressure chamber 321; the one-way valve 322 on the return pipe 340 side is used for unidirectional discharge of liquid flow from the pressure chamber 321 into the return pipe 340. Through the cooperation of the two sets of one-way valves 322, a unidirectional circulation path is formed within the pressure chamber 321 for the heat transfer fluid, preventing reverse flow.

[0041] refer to Figures 2 to 5As shown, the tops of the pressure chamber 321 and the one-way valve leaf 322 are both connected to the interior of the heat dissipation condensation box 330. The heat dissipation condensation box 330 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the conveying box 320. The heat dissipation condensation box 330 is a one-piece molded structure, and its interior is provided with several heat dissipation columns 331.

[0042] Each heat dissipation column 331 has one end extending into the pressure chamber 321 and the other end extending to the outer top of the heat dissipation condensation box 330, forming a through-type heat conduction structure. The heat dissipation column 331 can be made of copper, aluminum, copper-aluminum composite, or other high thermal conductivity materials to increase the heat exchange area between the heat transfer fluid and the outside air and improve heat release efficiency.

[0043] When operating under low heat load conditions, the piezoelectric vibrator 350 is in a stopped state. At this time, the heat generated by the power module inside the inverter body 100 is first transferred to the heat spreader 110. The phase change heat transfer fluid inside the heat spreader 110 absorbs heat and gradually vaporizes. The vaporized medium moves upward under the capillary force formed by the capillary cavity 311 and the capillary grid 323, and enters the heat dissipation condensation box 330 area. The heat transfer fluid releases heat to the outside air through the heat dissipation column 331 within the heat dissipation condensation box 330 and then re-condenses to form a liquid medium. The condensed heat transfer fluid returns to the heat spreader 110 through the return pipe 340 or the capillary cavity 311 and the capillary grid 323, thus forming a capillary phase change cycle heat dissipation process that does not require external power.

[0044] When the energy storage PCS enters a high heat load operating condition, the control system applies an alternating drive voltage to the piezoelectric vibrator 350, causing the piezoelectric vibrator 350 to generate periodic bending vibrations, creating alternating positive and negative pressures inside the pressure chamber 321. When the pressure chamber 321 forms a negative pressure, the one-way valve 322 on the connecting pipe 211 side opens, and the phase change heat transfer fluid inside the column box 200 is drawn into the pressure chamber 321 through the connecting pipe 211. When the pressure chamber 321 forms a positive pressure, the one-way valve 322 on the connecting pipe 211 side closes, and the one-way valve 322 on the return pipe 340 side opens, allowing the phase change heat transfer fluid inside the pressure chamber 321, after heat exchange, to flow back to the heat spreader 110 through the return pipe 340. During the above active circulation process, after entering the pressure chamber 321, the phase change heat transfer fluid contacts and exchanges heat with the heat dissipation column 331 extending from the inside of the heat dissipation condenser box 330 to the inside of the pressure chamber 321. The heat dissipation column 331 conducts the heat carried by the phase change heat transfer fluid in the pressure chamber 321 to the top outside of the heat dissipation condenser box 330 and releases it to the external environment, thereby completing the enhanced cooling of the heat transfer fluid in the pressure chamber 321. After cooling, the phase change heat transfer fluid is then returned to the heat spreader plate 110 through the return pipe 340 under the positive pressure of the piezoelectric vibrator 350, and continues to participate in the heat absorption cycle of the heat source area of ​​the inverter body 100.

[0045] After the heat transfer fluid enters the heat dissipation condenser box 330, it rapidly releases heat and condenses under the action of the heat dissipation column 331, and then returns to the heat spreader plate 110 through the return pipe 340. Through the continuous vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator 350, the heat transfer fluid can form a continuous circulation flow between the column box 200, the connecting pipe 211, the pressure chamber 321, the heat dissipation condenser box 330, the return pipe 340, and the heat spreader plate 110, thereby achieving active and efficient heat dissipation.

[0046] Therefore, this invention simultaneously possesses a capillary natural circulation heat dissipation mode and a piezoelectric active circulation heat dissipation mode. Under low heat load conditions, it relies on the capillary reflux structure to complete low-power heat dissipation, while under high heat load conditions, it utilizes the piezoelectric vibrator 350 to form an active transport, thereby improving the circulation speed and heat dissipation capacity of the phase change heat transfer fluid. This enables adaptive heat dissipation adjustment under different operating conditions of the energy storage PCS, improving the operational stability of power devices and the overall service life of the device.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An inverter structure for energy storage PCS, characterized in that, The inverter body (100), the housing (200), and the phase change heat sink (300) are included. The surface of the inverter body (100) is provided with a heat spreader (110). The housing (200) and the phase change heat sink (300) are fixed to the surface of the heat spreader (110). The phase change heat sink (300) includes a flow guide seat (310), a delivery box (320), and a heat dissipation condensation box (330). The inner side of the flow guide seat (310) is provided with a capillary tube that communicates with the inner side of the heat spreader (110). The cavity (311) is provided with a capillary grid (323) that communicates with the capillary cavity (311) and a delivery box (320) is fixed on the surface of the guide seat (310). The heat dissipation condensation box (330) is fixed on the top surface of the delivery box (320) and a plurality of heat dissipation columns (331) are provided on the top surface of the heat dissipation condensation box (330). The bottom end of the column box (200) communicates with the inner cavity of the heat spreader (110) and a connecting pipe (211) is provided on the top surface of the column box (200). The inner side of the delivery box (320) is provided with a pressure chamber (321), and a piezoelectric vibrator (350) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the delivery box (320). The two ends of the pressure chamber (321) are respectively connected to a connecting pipe (211) and a return pipe (340), and the other ends of the connecting pipe (211) and the return pipe (340) are respectively connected to the inner side of the column box (200) and the inner cavity of the heat spreader (110). The pressure chamber (321) is provided with one-way valves (322) located at the ports of the connecting pipe (211) and the return pipe (340) respectively. Under the vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator (350), positive pressure and negative pressure are generated inside the pressure chamber (321). The heat transfer liquid is introduced through the connecting pipe (211) and transported to the heat spreader (110) through the return pipe (340) to form a circulating flow.

2. The inverter structure for energy storage PCS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the flow guide seat (310), the delivery box (320) and the heat dissipation condensation box (330) are two sets and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column box (200). The column box (200) is provided with a cavity structure and is filled with phase change heat transfer fluid together with the heat spreader (110). The phase change heat transfer fluid is one of fluorinated liquid and electronic fluorinated coolant.

3. The inverter structure for energy storage PCS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure chamber (321) and the top of the one-way valve leaf (322) are connected to the interior of the heat dissipation condensation box (330). The heat dissipation condensation box (330) is provided with several heat dissipation columns (331) and is an integrally formed structure used to dissipate heat and cool the heat-conducting liquid that enters it.

4. The inverter structure for energy storage PCS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way valve leaf (322) is arranged on both sides of the pressure chamber (321). One side of the one-way valve leaf (322) is used for the one-way introduction of liquid flow from the connecting pipe (211) into the pressure chamber (321), and the other side of the one-way valve leaf (322) is used for the one-way discharge of liquid flow from the pressure chamber (321) into the return pipe (340).

5. The inverter structure for energy storage PCS according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the heat dissipation column (331) extends into the pressure chamber (321), and the other end extends to the outer side of the top of the heat dissipation condensation box (330) to increase the heat exchange area between the heat transfer fluid and the outside air.

6. The inverter structure for energy storage PCS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat spreader (110) is provided with microchannels on its inner side, and several of the microchannels are arranged in a serpentine, parallel or grid-like pattern along the heat source area of ​​the power module inside the inverter body (100).

7. The inverter structure for energy storage PCS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric vibrator (350) is a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator structure. The piezoelectric vibrator (350) is fixed at the bottom of the conveying box (320) and is correspondingly arranged with the pressure chamber (321). It generates periodic bending vibration by alternating voltage to drive the heat-conducting liquid inside the pressure chamber (321) to form a pulsating conveying.

8. The inverter structure for energy storage PCS according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the capillary lumen (311) and the capillary grid (323) are capillary reflux structures, and the capillary reflux structure is one of sintered metal capillary core, microgroove capillary core, porous ceramic capillary core or fiber capillary core.

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