A method for improving soil by planting huangshuihuangzhi under strong alkaline red clay under photovoltaic panels and application thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and its application for improving soil by planting *Lespedeza bicolor* on strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels. The method includes: selecting a suitable planting site; fertilizing the planting site, then applying a soil conditioner to improve the soil and rotary tilling; sowing *Lespedeza bicolor*, a native forage plant that is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, salt-tolerant, shade-tolerant, grazing-tolerant, and highly adaptable; and field management and pest and disease control. This invention utilizes the planting, covering, fertilization, and application of soil conditioners of *Lespedeza bicolor* to improve the strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in arid Northwest China, breaking up compaction to make it suitable for vegetation growth, thereby restoring the ecosystem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a method and application for improving soil by planting Lespedeza bicolor on strongly alkaline red clay under photovoltaic panels. Background Technology

[0002] When constructing new energy sites such as photovoltaic and wind power generation facilities, in northern regions, only locations with low land prices and low utilization rates, such as deserts, sandy land, Gobi deserts, saline-alkali land, mines, solid waste storage sites, and ash dumps, can be selected. These locations also meet the construction conditions for photovoltaic and wind power generation, such as: sufficient solar thermal conditions (abundant sunshine and intense sunlight); aridity with little rainfall (avoiding prolonged cloudy days and snow); avoidance of areas prone to geological disasters; no surrounding obstructions; and wind speeds greater than 6.5 meters per second. To strictly adhere to ecological protection red lines and avoid or minimize damage to the ecological environment, ecological restoration, management, protection, and utilization of deserts, sandy lands, Gobi deserts, saline-alkali lands, mines, solid waste storage sites, and ash dumps are necessary. How to scientifically, orderly, effectively, and sustainably conduct comprehensive ecological management of new energy site environments while simultaneously carrying out corresponding soil improvement to restore agricultural, pastoral, and grassland productivity of new energy site land resources is an inevitable path for national energy development and an important new research and development area in agriculture, forestry, ecology, and environmental science. In photovoltaic projects in arid Northwest China, the red clay soil between photovoltaic panels becomes compacted, salinization worsens, and vegetation cannot grow normally. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a method and application for improving soil by planting Lespedeza yinshanensis on strongly alkaline red clay under photovoltaic panels.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes a method for improving soil by planting Lespedeza yinshanense on strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (a) Select a suitable planting site; (b) Fertilize the planting site first, then apply soil conditioner to improve the soil and rotary till it; (c) Select Lespedeza yinshanensis, a native forage plant that is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, salt-alkali resistant, shade-resistant, grazing-resistant, and highly adaptable, for sowing; (d) Field management and pest and disease control.

[0007] Further, in step (a), the suitable planting site is a strongly alkaline red clay soil under the photovoltaic panel with gentle terrain, flat ground, aridity and little rain, and a pH value of 8.7 to 9.2.

[0008] Further, in step (b), the fertilizer used includes a micronutrient chelate fertilizer, a micronutrient fertilizer, a compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate), and a bio-fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:3, and the application rate of the fertilizer is 800-900 g / m³. 2 / Year.

[0009] Further, in step (b), the soil conditioner comprises mineral-derived potassium humate, water-soluble humic acid, and a germination and rooting agent in a mass ratio of 6:2:2, and the application rate of the soil conditioner is 400-500 g / m². 2 / Year.

[0010] Furthermore, in step (b), the rotary tillage depth is 20-25 cm.

[0011] Furthermore, the sowing rate of the *Lespedeza bicolor* is 26-30 g / m². 2 The sowing depth is 1-2 cm.

[0012] Further, the field management involves fertilizing and applying soil conditioner, followed by watering with fertilizer solution. Two days later, rotary tillage is performed, followed by watering to replenish soil moisture. Sowing is done promptly, followed by thorough watering after sowing. Germination and root promotion watering is applied every 3-5 days, and seedling establishment watering is applied every 14-20 days. Seedling establishment watering is done twice, with a establishment period of 18-21 days. After establishment, watering is done every 18-22 days. When seedlings reach 13-15cm in height, watering is done to promote branching. Afterward, watering is done 2-3 times as needed based on soil moisture. In early November, winter watering is applied based on weather conditions. At the end of February of the following year, spring watering is applied based on weather conditions, once every 14 days, for a total of three waterings. Afterward, watering is done as needed based on soil moisture. From mid-August to mid-October, when the pods turn light yellowish-brown, seeds can be harvested manually.

[0013] Furthermore, the pest and disease control measures include spraying with a 500-600 times dilution of a fungicide to control gray mold, sooty mold, rust, and seedling blight, once a week for two consecutive weeks; and spraying with a 300-400 times dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin to control locusts, aphids, noctuid moths, inchworms, Chinese lace beetles, and flower lice, once a week for two consecutive weeks.

[0014] Furthermore, if the insect population density is greater than 10 insects / m² 2 If the lesions are visible to the naked eye, spray with a 300-400 times dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin once a week for three consecutive weeks. If the lesions are visible to the naked eye, spray with a 300-500 times dilution of fungicide once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0015] Secondly, this invention proposes the application of the method described in the first aspect in the restoration of vegetation in strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in arid areas of Northwest China.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the planting, covering, fertilization, and application of soil conditioners of Lespedeza bicolor plants in Yinshan to improve the highly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in arid Northwest China, breaking up the compaction and making it suitable for vegetation growth, thereby restoring the ecology. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for improving soil by planting Lespedeza yinshanensis on strongly alkaline red clay under photovoltaic panels, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the method and application of planting Lespedeza yinshanensis on strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels to improve soil.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for improving soil by planting Lespedeza yinshanense on strongly alkaline red clay under photovoltaic panels according to the present invention includes the following steps: (a) Select a suitable planting site; (b) Fertilize the planting site first, then apply soil conditioner to improve the soil and rotary till it; (c) Select Lespedeza yinshanensis, a native forage plant that is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, salt-alkali resistant, shade-resistant, grazing-resistant, and highly adaptable, for sowing; (d) Field management and pest and disease control.

[0021] In step (a), a suitable planting site is the strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in the arid Northwest region, characterized by gentle terrain, flat ground, low rainfall, and a pH value between 8.7 and 9.2. The strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in the arid Northwest region suffers from severe salinization, hindering normal vegetation growth and pasture production, necessitating soil improvement.

[0022] In step (b), the fertilizers applied include micronutrient chelated fertilizer, micronutrient fertilizer, compound fertilizer potassium sulfate, and bio-fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:3, and the application rate is 800~900g / m³. 2 / year, applied by broadcasting.

[0023] Micronutrient chelated fertilizers are fertilizers made with chelating agents and essential micronutrients for plants (except boron and molybdenum), such as chelated zinc, chelated iron, chelated manganese, and chelated copper. Micronutrient fertilizers refer to organic and inorganic compounds present in plants or soil at low concentrations that can affect plant growth, development, and stress resistance, such as sulfur, calcium, and magnesium. Bio-fertilizers are a new type of fertilizer product where the life activities of active microorganisms enable crops to obtain the nutrients they need. Bio-fertilizers are low-carbon, all-natural, non-toxic, harmless, and pollution-free organic microbial agents that improve soil fertility, increase the number and activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, improve soil activation properties, and prevent soil compaction; they can also improve soil's ability to retain fertilizer and water, and its cold resistance. The rapid reproduction of microorganisms forms beneficial bacterial communities that enhance crop disease resistance, increase soil organic matter, prevent pathogen invasion, and reduce plant diseases and pests.

[0024] In step (b), the soil conditioner includes mineral-derived potassium humate, water-soluble humic acid, and a germination and rooting agent in a mass ratio of 6:2:2. The application rate of the soil conditioner is 400-500 g / m². 2 / year, applied by broadcasting.

[0025] Among them, mineral-derived fulvic acid is a water-soluble reddish-brown or grayish-black powdery substance that promotes plant growth, plays an important role in drought resistance, enhances plant stress resistance, and has the effects of increasing yield and improving plant quality. Water-soluble humic acid is a class of organic substances formed and accumulated from the remains of animals and plants, mainly plants, through a series of processes involving microbial decomposition and transformation, as well as geochemical processes. It has functions such as enhancing fertilizer efficiency, improving soil, stimulating crop growth, and improving the quality of agricultural products. Germination and rooting agents, as substances needed to regulate plant growth and development, mainly contain naphthaleneacetic acid, gibberellin, and indoleacetic acid.

[0026] In step (b), the rotary tillage depth is 20-25cm. Rotary tillage breaks up the compaction and forms a salt barrier layer.

[0027] Based on on-site investigations, vegetation characteristics analysis, soil testing, analysis, calculations, and experiments conducted under photovoltaic panels, the native forage grass variety suitable for the strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in the arid Northwest region is *Lespedeza yinshanense*. Surveys of the surrounding area's native vegetation under photovoltaic panels revealed sparse vegetation. Combined with the limited height of the photovoltaic panels (the lowest point was only 40 cm from the ground), and the hot, arid conditions, *Lespedeza yinshanense*, a native plant known for its drought resistance, cold tolerance, salt and alkali tolerance, shade tolerance, strong adaptability, and invasiveness, was deemed the only viable option for cultivation. 2The sowing depth is 1-2cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and mechanical strip sowing is used.

[0028] Field management involves fertilizing and applying soil conditioner, followed by watering with fertilizer solution. Two days later, rotary tillage is performed, followed by watering to maintain soil moisture. Sowing should be done promptly, followed by thorough watering. After sowing, watering should be done once to promote germination and root development, and then watering once every 14 to 20 days to help seedlings establish. This seedling establishment period is 18 to 21 days. After seedling establishment, watering should be done every 18 to 22 days. When seedlings reach a height of 13 to 15 cm, watering should be done to encourage branching. Afterward, watering should be done 2 to 3 times as needed based on soil moisture. In early November, watering should be done to prepare the seedlings for winter, depending on the weather. In late February of the following year, watering should be done to encourage greening, once every 14 days, for a total of three times. Afterward, watering should be done as needed based on soil moisture. From mid-August to mid-October, when the pods turn light yellowish-brown, seeds can be harvested manually.

[0029] Chemical control methods are mainly used for pest and disease control. Since the site was formerly the ash and water treatment plant of the Daba Power Plant in Qingtongxia City, Ningxia, diseases commonly transmitted by the ash soil include gray mold, sooty mold, rust, and seedling blight. Pests include locusts, aphids, cutworms, inchworms, Chinese cricket beetles, and blister beetles. For control of gray mold, sooty mold, rust, and seedling blight, spray with a 500-600 times dilution of a fungicide, once a week for two consecutive weeks. For control of locusts, aphids, cutworms, inchworms, Chinese cricket beetles, and blister beetles, spray with a 500-600 times dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin, once a week for two consecutive weeks.

[0030] If the insect population density is greater than 10 insects / m² 2 If the lesions are visible to the naked eye, spray with a 300-400 times dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin once a week for three consecutive weeks. If the lesions are visible to the naked eye, spray with a 300-500 times dilution of fungicide once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0031] The present invention will now be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1 Choose a planting site with gentle terrain, flat ground, good ventilation and sunshine, delineate the planting area, and test 10 soil samples. The average pH value was 9.1, and the average contents of hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 26.74 mg / kg, 1.7 mg / kg and 48.11 mg / kg, respectively.

[0033] A mixture of micronutrient chelated fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate), and bio-fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:3 was applied to the planting area at a rate of 900 g / m². 2 / year, apply a mixture of mineral-derived potassium humate, water-soluble humic acid, and a rooting and sprouting agent in a mass ratio of 6:2:2 to the planting area. The soil conditioner is applied at a rate of 500g / m².2 / Year.

[0034] After fertilizing and applying the soil conditioner, water the soil with the fertilizer solution. Two days later, rotary till the soil to a depth of 25cm, then water the soil again to replenish the base moisture. Next, sow *Lespedeza bicolor* at a rate of 30g / m². 2 The sowing depth is 2cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and mechanical row sowing is used.

[0035] After sowing, water thoroughly once. Water again every 3 days to promote germination and root development. Water again every 14 days to help the seedlings establish themselves. Water twice to help the seedlings establish themselves for 18 days. After establishing themselves, water every 18 days. When the seedlings are 13-15cm tall, water once to encourage branching. After that, irrigate 2-3 times as needed based on soil moisture. In early November, irrigate for overwintering based on weather conditions. At the end of February of the following year, irrigate for greening up based on weather conditions. Water once every 14 days for a total of three times. After that, water as needed based on soil moisture.

[0036] When pests and diseases occur during the seedling growth period, chemical control methods are mainly used for pest and disease control. Since the site was formerly the ash and water treatment plant of the Daba Power Plant in Qingtongxia City, Ningxia, diseases commonly transmitted by the ash soil include gray mold, sooty mold, rust, and seedling blight. A comprehensive treatment agent, Junliqing (low toxicity), at a dilution of 600 times, can be used for spraying once a week for two consecutive weeks. Pests include locusts, aphids, noctuid moths, inchworms, Chinese flowering beetles, and flower mites. A 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin (low toxicity) solution at a dilution of 400 times can be used for spraying once a week for two consecutive weeks. If insect scratches and lesions are found, and the insect population density is high (greater than 10 insects / m²), further investigation is needed. 2 For prevention and control, use a 400-fold dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin (low toxicity) for spraying, once a week for three consecutive weeks. For lesions that are visible to the naked eye, use a 500-fold dilution of the comprehensive treatment agent, Junliqing (low toxicity), for spraying, once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0037] From mid-August to mid-October, when the pods turn light yellowish-brown, the seeds are harvested manually. The harvested seeds are tested for pests and kept as seeds. In the second year, during the greening season, the soil is fertilized and the scattered bald patches that have not yet turned green are improved and replanted. This process is repeated for two years.

[0038] Example 2 Choose a planting site with gentle terrain, flat ground, good ventilation and sunshine, delineate the planting area, and test 10 soil samples. The average pH value was 8.9, and the average contents of hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 23.43 mg / kg, 2.6 mg / kg and 40.57 mg / kg, respectively.

[0039] A mixture of micronutrient chelated fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate), and bio-fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:3 was applied to the planting area at a rate of 850 g / m². 2 / year, potassium humate (mineral-derived), water-soluble humic acid, and a rooting and sprouting agent in a mass ratio of 6:2:2 are applied to the planting area, and the soil conditioner is applied at a rate of 450g / m². 2 / Year.

[0040] After fertilizing and applying the soil conditioner, water the soil with the fertilizer solution. Two days later, rotary till the soil to a depth of 23 cm, then water the soil again to replenish the base moisture. Finally, sow *Lespedeza bicolor* at a rate of 28 g / m². 2 The sowing depth is 2cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and mechanical row sowing is used.

[0041] After sowing, water thoroughly once. Water again every 3 days to promote germination and root development. Water again every 20 days to help the seedlings establish themselves. Water twice to help the seedlings establish themselves for 20 days. After establishing themselves, water every 19 days. When the seedlings are 13-15cm tall, water once to encourage branching. After that, irrigate 2-3 times as needed based on soil moisture. In early November, irrigate for overwintering based on weather conditions. At the end of February of the following year, irrigate for greening up based on weather conditions. Water once every 14 days for a total of three times. After that, water as needed based on soil moisture.

[0042] When pests and diseases occur during the seedling growth period, chemical control methods are mainly used for pest and disease control. Since the site was formerly the ash and water treatment plant of the Daba Power Plant in Qingtongxia City, Ningxia, diseases commonly transmitted by the ash soil include gray mold, sooty mold, rust, and seedling blight. A comprehensive treatment agent, such as a 550-fold dilution of a low-toxicity fungicide like Junliqing, can be sprayed once a week for two consecutive weeks. Pests include locusts, aphids, noctuid moths, inchworms, Chinese flowering beetles, and flower mites. These can be controlled by a 350-fold dilution of a 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin (low-toxicity), sprayed once a week for two consecutive weeks. If insect bites and lesions are found, and the insect population density is high (greater than 10 insects / m²), further investigation is needed. 2 For prevention and control, use a 350-fold dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin (low toxicity) for spraying, once a week for three consecutive weeks. For lesions that are visible to the naked eye, use a 350-fold dilution of the comprehensive treatment agent, Junliqing (low toxicity), for spraying, once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0043] From mid-August to mid-October, when the pods turn light yellowish-brown, the seeds are harvested manually. The harvested seeds are tested for pests and kept as seeds. In the second year, during the greening season, the soil is fertilized and the scattered bald patches that have not yet turned green are improved and replanted. This process is repeated for two years.

[0044] Example 3 Select a planting site with gentle terrain, flat ground, good ventilation and sunshine, delineate the planting area, and test 10 soil samples. The average pH value was 8.7, and the average contents of hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 18.54 mg / kg, 3.9 mg / kg and 43.45 mg / kg, respectively.

[0045] A mixture of micronutrient chelated fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate), and bio-fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:3 was applied to the planting area at a rate of 800 g / m². 2 / year, potassium humate (mineral-derived), water-soluble humic acid, and a rooting and sprouting agent in a mass ratio of 6:2:2 are applied to the planting area, and the soil conditioner is applied at a rate of 400g / m². 2 / Year.

[0046] After fertilizing and applying the soil conditioner, water the soil with the fertilizer solution. Two days later, rotary till the soil to a depth of 20cm, then water it again to replenish the soil moisture. Finally, sow *Lespedeza bicolor* at a rate of 26g / m². 2 The sowing depth is 1cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and mechanical row sowing is used.

[0047] After sowing, water thoroughly once. Water again every 3 days to promote germination and root development. Water again every 14 days to help the seedlings establish themselves. Water twice to help the seedlings establish themselves for 18 days. After establishing themselves, water every 18 days. When the seedlings are 13-15cm tall, water once to encourage branching. After that, irrigate 2-3 times as needed based on soil moisture. In early November, irrigate for overwintering based on weather conditions. At the end of February of the following year, irrigate for greening up based on weather conditions. Water once every 14 days for a total of three times. After that, water as needed based on soil moisture.

[0048] When pests and diseases occur during the seedling growth period, chemical control methods are mainly used for pest and disease control. Since the site was formerly the ash and water treatment plant of the Daba Power Plant in Qingtongxia City, Ningxia, diseases commonly transmitted by the ash soil include gray mold, sooty mold, rust, and seedling blight. A comprehensive treatment agent, Junliqing (low toxicity), at a dilution of 500 times, can be used for spraying, once a week for two consecutive weeks. Pests include locusts, aphids, noctuid moths, inchworms, Chinese flowering beetles, and spotted leeches. A 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin (low toxicity) at a dilution of 300 times can be used for spraying, once a week for two consecutive weeks. If insect marks and lesions are found, and the insect population density is high (greater than 10 insects / m²), further investigation is needed. 2 For prevention and control, use a 300-fold dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin (low toxicity) for spraying, once a week for three consecutive weeks. For lesions that are visible to the naked eye, use a 300-fold dilution of the comprehensive treatment agent, Junliqing (low toxicity), for spraying, once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0049] From mid-August to mid-October, when the pods turn light yellowish-brown, the seeds are harvested manually. The harvested seeds are tested for pests and kept as seeds. In the second year, during the greening season, the soil is fertilized and the scattered bald patches that have not yet turned green are improved and replanted. This process is repeated for two years.

[0050] Experimental Example 1 Three years after planting, harvesting, maintenance and improvement, the soil pH value and the contents of hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were tested (the average value was calculated from 10 samples). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0051] Table 1:

[0052] As shown in Table 1, after three years of planting, harvesting, maintenance, and improvement, the soil pH was significantly improved, reaching the optimal neutral soil condition. The nutrient content of the soil also increased, providing favorable soil and nutrient conditions for the growth of surface plants.

[0053] Experimental Example 2 After 3 years of planting, harvesting, maintenance and improvement, the vegetation species, number of clumps, plant height, canopy cover and grass yield were monitored (10 values ​​were taken at 1m). 2 The average value of the sample plots was calculated, and the test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0054] Table 2:

[0055] As shown in Table 2, after three years of planting, harvesting, maintenance, and improvement, ecological monitoring revealed a good ecological restoration effect. The vegetation transformed from a sparse state into a distinct plant community, with as many as 71 species. The individual plants, their height, and canopy coverage all reached the on-site ecological restoration level. Grass yield increased from zero to the level of artificial forage, achieving the same yield and plant population effects as natural grasslands. The agricultural and pastoral productivity and ecological niche function of the soil were restored, and the high-yielding species *Lespedeza yinshanense* was also obtained.

[0056] Experimental Example 3 Three years after planting, harvesting, maintenance, and improvement, the overwintering (summering) rate, number of leaves, number of branches, root tiller extension width, root depth, and plant height of *Lespedeza bicolor* were monitored (10 values ​​of 10 plants / m²). 2 The average value was calculated, and the test results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0057] Table 3:

[0058] As shown in Table 3, after three years of planting, harvesting, maintenance and improvement, Lespedeza yinshanensis can safely overwinter in the highly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in the arid Northwest region. By producing a large amount of abundant dead branches and fallen leaves, it provides a large amount of humus to the soil, making the soil's productivity orderly and long-lasting, thereby effectively breaking up soil compaction and restoring the ecology.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms may refer to different embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving soil by planting Lespedeza yinshanense on strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) Select a suitable planting site; (b) Fertilize the planting site first, then apply soil conditioner to improve the soil and rotary till it; (c) Select Lespedeza yinshanensis, a native forage plant that is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, salt-alkali resistant, shade-resistant, grazing-resistant, and highly adaptable, for sowing; (d) Field management and pest and disease control.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (a), the suitable planting site is a strong alkaline red clay soil under the photovoltaic panel with gentle terrain, flat ground, aridity and little rain, and a pH value of 8.7 to 9.

2.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (b), the fertilizer used includes a micronutrient chelate fertilizer, a micronutrient fertilizer, a compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate), and a bio-fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:3:3:3, and the application rate of the fertilizer is 800-900 g / m³. 2 / Year.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (b), the soil conditioner comprises mineral-derived potassium fulvate, water-soluble humic acid, and a germination and rooting agent in a mass ratio of 6:2:2, and the application rate of the soil conditioner is 400-500 g / m². 2 / Year.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (b), the rotary tillage depth is 20-25 cm.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing rate of Lespedeza yinshanense is 26-30 g / m². 2 The sowing depth is 1-2 cm.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The field management involves fertilizing and applying soil conditioner, followed by watering with fertilizer solution. Two days later, rotary tillage is performed, followed by watering again to ensure sufficient soil moisture. Sowing is then carried out promptly, followed by thorough watering. After sowing, watering is applied once to promote germination and root development every 3-5 days, and then watering again every 14-20 days to help seedlings establish. This seedling establishment period is repeated twice, lasting 18-21 days. After seedling establishment, watering is done every 18-22 days. When seedlings reach a height of 13-15 cm, watering is applied to encourage branching. Subsequently, watering is done 2-3 times as needed based on soil moisture. In early November, winter watering is applied according to weather conditions. In late February of the following year, spring watering is applied every 14 days, for a total of three times, depending on weather conditions. Afterward, watering is done as needed based on soil moisture. From mid-August to mid-October, when the pods turn light yellowish-brown, seeds can be harvested manually.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The pest and disease control measures include spraying with 500-600 times diluted Junliqing solution to control gray mold, sooty mold, rust, and seedling blight, once a week for two consecutive weeks; and spraying with 300-400 times diluted 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin solution to control locusts, aphids, noctuid moths, inchworms, Chinese lace beetles, and flower lice, once a week for two consecutive weeks.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, If the insect population density is greater than 10 insects / m² 2 If the lesions are visible to the naked eye, spray with a 300-400 times dilution of 2.5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin once a week for three consecutive weeks. If the lesions are visible to the naked eye, spray with a 300-500 times dilution of fungicide once a week for three consecutive weeks.

10. The application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the restoration of vegetation in strongly alkaline red clay soil under photovoltaic panels in arid areas of Northwest China.

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