A method for coupled repair of *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oyster.

Abstract

This invention provides a method for the coupled restoration of seagrass and oysters, belonging to the field of ecological restoration and aquaculture technology. Based on the principles of habitat structure feedback, complementary material cycling, and biodiversity superposition, this invention achieves synergistic enhancement of their ecological functions and improved system stability through the coupled restoration of seagrass and oysters. Oysters improve water transparency through filter feeding, alleviating light limitation caused by seagrass; seagrass improves the oyster's living environment by stabilizing the substrate; the staggered structure of seagrass and oysters provides habitat for other marine animals, effectively increasing biodiversity in the implementation area. This invention not only enhances carbon sequestration capacity and biodiversity conservation but also strengthens the ecosystem's resistance to disturbance by increasing habitat heterogeneity, producing high-quality economic shellfish. It balances ecological restoration and community livelihoods, promoting harmonious development between humans and nature, and is an ecosystem-level restoration strategy based on interspecific positive feedback mechanisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration and aquaculture technology, specifically relating to a method for the coupled restoration of Haworthia cooperi and oysters. Background Technology

[0002] Seagrass beds are coastal ecosystems with multiple ecological services, playing an irreplaceable role in wave dissipation, shoreline protection, and water purification. As one of the three major coastal blue carbon ecosystems alongside mangroves and salt marshes, seagrass beds possess extremely high carbon sequestration and storage efficiency. Their leaf and rhizome structures provide habitats for numerous benthic and surface organisms, and they act as primary producers, providing food for species such as dugongs, green sea turtles, parrotfish, and sea urchins. Therefore, they are also important spawning and nursery grounds in nearshore waters, playing a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem stability.

[0003] However, due to eutrophication, climate change, fishing activities, and coastal engineering, coupled with natural stresses such as typhoons, seagrass beds worldwide are facing continuous degradation, with some regions experiencing severe damage to their ecosystem health. In response, the international community has actively promoted the protection and restoration of seagrass beds, aiming to restore their ecosystem quality and enhance coastal carbon sequestration and climate change response capabilities.

[0004] However, in practice, the conflict between strict bans on fishing and the livelihoods of surrounding communities has become increasingly prominent, becoming a significant factor hindering the effectiveness of conservation efforts. Furthermore, my country's seagrass bed protection and restoration work suffers from insufficient overall coordination; current standards primarily focus on vegetation restoration, while consideration of the overall structure and function of the ecosystem is relatively weak. Currently, the academic community both domestically and internationally is widely calling for a shift in coastal wetland ecological restoration from single-vegetation restoration to a holistic restoration encompassing animal recovery, and urgently needs to improve the corresponding assessment standards system. However, the existing seagrass bed ecological restoration system has not yet incorporated animal recovery into its institutional framework.

[0005] As filter-feeding shellfish, oysters can improve water transparency and light conditions by consuming phytoplankton and suspended particles. Their excretion and shell dissolution processes also regulate the form and cycle of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, creating a nutrient environment conducive to seagrass absorption and utilization at appropriate densities. Furthermore, oyster reefs or aquaculture facilities in tidal channels can weaken tidal and wave energy, enhancing bottom stability. However, research on the relationship between *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oyster farming is currently lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the coupled restoration of seagrass beds with oysters. This method can restore seagrass beds, increase the carbon sequestration capacity of coastal blue carbon ecosystems and their biodiversity, and produce high-quality shellfish to maintain the livelihoods of coastal residents.

[0007] This invention provides a method for the coupling and repair of *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oyster shells, comprising the steps described in 1) and / or 2) below: 1) Select sea areas where Stenophytum clavatum has degraded and oysters are distributed, and carry out oyster farming on Stenophytum clavatum seagrass beds to achieve synergistic restoration of Stenophytum clavatum and oysters; 2) Select a sea area that has similar key factors to the known distribution areas of Haworthia cooperi seagrass beds and has oysters distributed in it; transplant Haworthia cooperi in the sea area and carry out oyster farming on the Haworthia cooperi seagrass beds to achieve synergistic restoration of Haworthia cooperi and oysters.

[0008] Preferably, the sea area is at least one of coastal lagoons, estuaries, and bays; the current velocity of the sea area is ≤1.0 m / s, the salinity of the water is 0~32‰, and the water depth does not exceed 3 m.

[0009] Preferably, 1) the method further includes transplanting *Haliotis diffusa* to restore the *Haliotis diffusa* seagrass bed; 1) or 2) the step of transplanting *Haliotis diffusa* includes a block transplanting method, which includes: transplanting *Haliotis diffusa* blocks from the seed source to the sea area; the area of ​​the *Haliotis diffusa* blocks is 100~225 cm². 2 The transplanting density is 1-4 grass blocks / m². 2 .

[0010] Preferably, the oyster farming method includes one or more of column farming, rack farming, and raft farming.

[0011] Preferably, the column culture steps include: vertically inserting multiple oyster columns into the seabed so that the upper part of the oyster columns is exposed above the seabed; and cultivating and managing the oyster seedlings attached to the oyster columns until they reach harvest size. The height of the oyster column is 60-100 cm, and the depth of the lower end of the oyster column buried in the substrate is 25-35 cm; the distance between two adjacent rows of oyster columns is 0.5-1 m; and the inoculation amount of oyster seedlings on each oyster column is 50-100 seeds.

[0012] Preferably, the steps of the grid-type aquaculture include: setting up a grid in the aquaculture area, the grid including multiple columns vertically fixed in the seabed and multiple crossbeams erected on the top of the columns; suspending the attachment substrate with oyster seedlings attached to the crossbeams, so that the lowest point of the attachment substrate is 30-50 cm above the tidal flat surface; and managing the oyster seedlings on the attachment substrate until they reach harvest size. The height of the columns is 1.5~2 m, and the row spacing between two adjacent rows of columns is 0.5~1 m; the crossbeams are made of wood, bamboo or cable. The attachment base includes a seedling rope and multiple oyster cakes strung on the seedling rope; the length of the seedling rope is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and the seedling rope is directly suspended on a single crossbeam or suspended between two adjacent crossbeams; the suspension distance between two adjacent attachment bases is 20 to 40 cm. Each string of seedlings has 20 oyster cakes strung together, and each oyster cake has 10 to 30 oyster seedlings attached to it.

[0013] Preferably, the steps of the raft aquaculture include: setting up a floating raft in the aquaculture area, the floating raft including a buoyancy component, an anchoring component and a raft frame supported by the buoyancy component; suspending an attachment substrate with oyster seedlings attached to the raft frame so that the attachment substrate is submerged in the water; and managing the oyster seedlings on the attachment substrate until they reach harvest size. Preferably, the buoyancy component includes bamboo or logs and floats fixed to the bamboo or logs; the anchoring component includes cables and anchors; and the raft frame has dimensions of 8 m × 18 m to 12 m × 50 m. The raft frame is equipped with multiple rows of hanging racks, with a spacing of 0.3 to 0.4 m between adjacent rows of hanging racks; each row of hanging racks has 10 to 15 attachment bases suspended on it, with a spacing of 0.3 to 0.4 m between adjacent attachment bases. The attachment base is an oyster cake string, rope, net bag or net cage; when the attachment base is an oyster cake string, the length of each oyster cake string is 1.2~1.5 m; the total number of oyster cake strings suspended on each raft is 800~7000.

[0014] Preferably, the oysters are 1-2 cm in size; the oysters are cultured for 2-3 years and harvested when the shell height is ≥8 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the method further includes the management of oysters and Berberis variabilis; The management of oysters includes: removing harmful and attached organisms from the aquaculture facilities; and harvesting or transferring oysters to other areas in advance when pollution incidents occur in adjacent or aquaculture areas or when severe weather warnings are received. The management of the *Haloxylon ammodendron* includes: regular patrols of the restoration area, removal of invasive large algae and / or sources of human disturbance; The method also includes harvesting oysters, with column culture harvesting during the decline of *Begonia serrata* growth, and rack culture and raft culture harvesting at high tide.

[0016] Beneficial effects: This invention, based on the principles of habitat structure feedback, complementary material cycling, and biodiversity synergy, achieves synergistic enhancement of ecological functions and improved system stability through the coupled restoration of seagrass and oysters. It represents an ecosystem-level restoration strategy based on interspecific positive feedback mechanisms. Oysters significantly improve water transparency through filter feeding, alleviating light limitation in seagrass photosynthesis. Seagrass improves the attachment substrate and living environment of oysters by stabilizing the substrate, reducing hydrodynamic forces, and providing shelter for larvae. The staggered structure of seagrass and oysters provides habitat for other marine animals, effectively increasing biodiversity in the implementation area. The complementary mechanism of seagrass and oysters not only enhances carbon sequestration capacity and biodiversity conservation but also raises the ecosystem's resilience threshold by creating more complex habitat heterogeneity. Compared to single-habitat restoration, this approach better maintains the long-term sustainability of coastal blue carbon ecosystems. Furthermore, the method described in this invention can produce high-quality economic shellfish, effectively maintaining the basic livelihoods of coastal residents and promoting harmonious development between humans and nature. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of column-type oyster farming using a seagrass bed of *Haloxylon ammodendron* in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rack-type oyster farming using the *Haloxylon ammodendron* seagrass bed in Example 2; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of floating raft and grid-type oyster farming in the tidal channel of the Berberis seagrass bed in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a method for the coupling and repair of *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oyster shells, comprising the steps described in 1) and / or 2) below: 1) Select sea areas where Stenophytum clavatum has degraded and oysters are distributed, and carry out oyster farming on Stenophytum clavatum seagrass beds to achieve synergistic restoration of Stenophytum clavatum and oysters; 2) Select a sea area that has similar key factors to the known distribution areas of Haworthia cooperi seagrass beds and has oysters distributed in it; transplant Haworthia cooperi in the sea area and carry out oyster farming on the Haworthia cooperi seagrass beds to achieve synergistic restoration of Haworthia cooperi and oysters.

[0020] In one implementation method, this invention prioritizes the selection of sites for coupled restoration habitats. This invention selects sea areas where *Haliotis diffusa* has degraded and where oysters are present, or sea areas that share similar key factors with known *Haliotis diffusa* seagrass bed distribution areas and also contain oysters. In one implementation method, the key abiotic factors mentioned in this invention include multiple factors such as substrate type, water depth, salinity fluctuation range, water transparency, and hydrodynamic conditions. In one implementation method, this invention does not strictly define the degradation of *Haliotis diffusa*; those skilled in the art can determine this based on common knowledge. In one implementation method, this invention determines suitable coupled restoration habitats according to standards such as the *Seagrass Bed Ecological Restoration Manual*, *Marine Ecological Restoration Technical Guidelines Part 4: Seagrass Bed Ecological Restoration*, and *Oyster Aquaculture Technical Specifications*. In one implementation method, the sea area is at least one of coastal lagoons, estuaries, and bays, further specifying estuaries. In one implementation method, the ocean current velocity in the sea area is ≤1.0 m / s, the water salinity is 0~32‰, and the water depth does not exceed 3 m. The habitat conditions described in this invention need to take into account the characteristics of both Haworthia coli and oysters.

[0021] After selecting the site for the coupled restoration habitat, for the sea area described in 1), this invention conducts oyster farming on a *Haliotis diffusa* seagrass bed to achieve synergistic restoration between *Haliotis diffusa* and oysters. For the sea area described in 2), this invention transplants *Haliotis diffusa* into the sea area and conducts oyster farming on the *Haliotis diffusa* seagrass bed to achieve synergistic restoration between *Haliotis diffusa* and oysters.

[0022] As one implementation method, the oysters used in this invention are selected from existing local species in the described sea area, eliminating the risk of biological invasion. No feed is provided during the cultivation process, avoiding eutrophication caused by uneaten feed, thus conforming to ecological principles. For example, Pacific oysters are predominant in the area from eastern Guangdong to Fujian, while Hong Kong oysters are predominant in the area from western Guangdong to the Beibu Gulf. As one implementation method, the shell length of the oysters used in this invention is 1-2 cm. As one implementation method, the oysters used in this invention can be introduced year-round. Further column culture and rack culture should be carried out before the recovery of *Haliotis diffusa* to avoid trampling and damaging the *Haliotis diffusa*.

[0023] As one implementation method, the oyster farming method of the present invention includes one or more of column farming, rack farming, and raft farming. As one implementation method, column farming is suitable for exposed mudflats or shallow water areas during low tide; rack farming is suitable for exposed mudflats to deeper water areas during low tide; raft farming is suitable for tidal channels at river mouths; shallow water areas refer to water bodies with a depth of less than 50 cm after low tide; deeper water areas refer to water bodies with a depth of less than 100 cm after low tide.

[0024] In one embodiment, the column culture method of the present invention comprises the following steps: vertically inserting multiple oyster columns into the seabed, with the upper part of the oyster column exposed above the seabed; and cultivating and managing the oyster seedlings attached to the oyster columns until they reach harvestable size. In another embodiment, the oyster columns of the present invention are cement columns or formed by wrapping eucalyptus stalks with nylon mesh and pouring cement slurry; the oyster columns are square, with a side length of 5-7 cm, or more specifically 6 cm. In yet another embodiment, the height of the oyster columns is 60-100 cm, or more specifically 70-90 cm; the depth to which the lower end of the oyster column is buried in the seabed is 25-35 cm, or more specifically 30-32 cm; the distance between two adjacent rows of oyster columns is 0.5-1 m, or more specifically 0.6-0.8 m; and the inoculation amount of oyster seedlings on each oyster column is 50-100, or more specifically 60-80. In this invention, the column culture method has a simple structure, low cost, and is not susceptible to wind and waves.

[0025] As one implementation method, the steps of the grid-type aquaculture of the present invention include: setting up a grid in the aquaculture area, the grid including multiple columns vertically fixed in the seabed and multiple crossbeams erected on the top of the columns; suspending the attachment substrate with oyster seedlings attached on the crossbeams, so that the lowest point of the attachment substrate is 30-50 cm above the mudflat surface, and can be further up to 40 cm; and managing the oyster seedlings on the attachment substrate until they reach the harvest size.

[0026] In one embodiment, the pillars of this invention are cement pillars or wooden stakes; the height of the pillars is 1.5~2m, more specifically 1.6~1.8m; the row spacing between adjacent rows of pillars is 0.5~1m, more specifically 0.6~0.8m; the crossbeams are wooden poles, bamboo poles, or cables; the attachment base includes seedling ropes and multiple oyster cakes strung on the seedling ropes; the length of the seedling ropes is 1.2~1.5m, and the seedling ropes are directly suspended from a single crossbeam or suspended between two adjacent crossbeams; the suspension distance between two adjacent attachment bases is 20~40 cm, more specifically 25~35 cm; each string of seedling ropes has 20 oyster cakes strung on it, and each oyster cake has 10~30 oyster seedlings attached to it, more specifically 15~20 seedlings. In this invention, the grid-type aquaculture has a wide range of applications and higher costs, but the oysters are off the bottom, reducing the risk of benthic predation and deposition, making it most suitable for coupling with seagrass beds.

[0027] As one implementation method, the steps of the raft aquaculture of the present invention include: setting up a floating raft in the aquaculture area, the floating raft including a buoyancy component, an anchoring component and a raft frame supported by the buoyancy component; suspending an attachment substrate with oyster seedlings attached to the raft frame, so that the attachment substrate is submerged in the water; and managing the oyster seedlings on the attachment substrate until they reach the harvest size. In one embodiment, the buoyancy component can be bamboo or logs and floats fixed to the bamboo or logs; the anchoring component includes cables and anchors; the raft frame has dimensions of 8 m × 18 m to 12 m × 50 m, and more specifically, 10 m × 40 m; the raft frame is provided with multiple rows of hangers, with a spacing of 0.3 to 0.4 m between adjacent rows of hangers; each row of hangers suspends 10 to 15 attachment bases, and more specifically, 12 to 14; the spacing between two adjacent attachment bases is 0.3 to 0.40 m, and more specifically, 0.35 m; the attachment base is oyster cake skewers, ropes, net bags, or net cages; when the attachment base is oyster cake skewers, the length of each oyster cake skewers is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and more specifically, 1.3 to 1.4 m; the total number of oyster cake skewers suspended on each raft is 800 to 7000, and more specifically, 3000 to 4000. In an embodiment of the invention, the raft is composed of bamboo poles, floats, cables, and anchors. The raft frame in this invention should be installed with the wind and current, and both ends of the raft frame are fixed with anchors or concrete weights. In this invention, raft-based aquaculture offers high yields and ease of management, but the cost is relatively high and it requires a large water surface area.

[0028] As one implementation, 1) the method further includes restoring the *Haemophilus haematocephala* seagrass bed by transplanting *Haemophilus haematocephala*; 1) or 2) the step of transplanting *Haemophilus haematocephala* includes the block transplantation method; that is, in the method of 1), if the recovery of *Haemophilus haematocephala* is not as expected by culturing oysters on the degraded *Haemophilus haematocephala* seagrass bed, it can be further restored by transplanting *Haemophilus haematocephala*. The block transplantation method of this invention includes: transplanting *Haemophilus haematocephala* blocks from the seed source to the sea area; the area of ​​the *Haemophilus haematocephala* blocks is 100~225 cm². 2 Furthermore, the size of the *Haliotis diffusa* grass blocks can be 10×10 cm to 15×15 cm, and more specifically 12 cm×12 cm; the transplanting density is 1 to 4 grass blocks / m². 2 Furthermore, the transplanting density of the *Haliotis diffusa* clumps can be 0.5×0.5 m to 1×1 m, more specifically 0.6×0.6 m to 0.8×0.8 m, or even 0.7 m×0.7 m. As one embodiment, the transplanting time for the *Haliotis diffusa* can be from autumn to winter.

[0029] As one implementation, the method of the present invention also includes the management and maintenance of oysters and *Haloxylon ammodendron*. As one implementation, the management and maintenance of oysters includes: removing harmful organisms and attached organisms from the aquaculture facilities; harvesting oysters in advance when pollution incidents occur in adjacent or aquaculture areas or when severe weather warnings are received, or transferring them to other areas via raft culture; in this embodiment, the management and maintenance of oysters includes, but is not limited to, capturing and removing carnivorous gastropods and crustaceans, and washing away attached organisms; harvesting oysters in advance when harmful red tides, oil spills, or other pollution incidents occur in adjacent or aquaculture areas, or when typhoons are approaching, and transferring them to other areas via raft culture. As one implementation, the management and maintenance of *Haloxylon ammodendron* includes: regularly patrolling the restored area to remove invasive large algae and / or human disturbance sources; in this embodiment, the management and maintenance of *Haloxylon ammodendron* includes, but is not limited to, regularly patrolling the area after low tide to avoid human disturbance; and timely cleaning up large algae blooms during winter and spring.

[0030] In one embodiment, the oyster culture cycle of the present invention is 2-3 years, and they are harvested when the shell height is ≥8 cm. In another embodiment, the harvesting time for column culture of the present invention is autumn, or harvesting can be combined with the decline period of *Haliotis diffusa* growth. In yet another embodiment, the harvesting time for rack culture is autumn, or harvesting can be combined with the decline period of *Haliotis diffusa* growth. Harvesting in the present invention can be carried out by boat, for example, at high tide.

[0031] The method described in this invention significantly improves water transparency by utilizing the filter-feeding action of oysters, thus alleviating the light limitation of seagrass photosynthesis. Seagrass improves the attachment substrate and living environment of oysters by stabilizing the substrate, reducing hydrodynamic forces, and providing shelter for larvae and juvenile fish. The oysters cultured using this method are high-quality economic shellfish, capable of maintaining the basic livelihoods of coastal residents. While restoring the seagrass bed ecosystem, it also generates economic benefits, effectively maintaining social stability and promoting harmonious development between humans and nature. Therefore, this invention provides a restoration method for seagrass beds that can both improve biodiversity and achieve economic benefits, promoting the expansion of intertidal zone restoration from single-vegetation restoration to synergistic restoration of flora and fauna, and enhancing the overall ecological service function of the coastal ecosystem.

[0032] To further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1 A method for coupler restoration using *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oysters, the steps of which are as follows: Column oyster culture was carried out on degraded *Haloxylon ammodendron* seagrass beds at the mouth of the Jingu River in Qinzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The cement oyster columns were 90 cm high, with approximately 30 cm inserted into the sediment and 60 cm above ground, spaced 0.5 m apart. Each column was inoculated with 80-90 oyster seedlings, with a shell height of 1-2 cm. Figure 1 After two years of monitoring, the annual seagrass coverage is 20%–60%, and the plant density is 7795–52229 shoots / m². 2 The biomass ranged from 15.56 to 43.54 g / m³. 2 According to field surveys, the oysters are growing well, and after 3 years they will weigh about 3-7 jin per column, with a yield of 3,000-5,000 jin per mu. This shows that column-type oyster farming can be carried out on seagrass beds.

[0034] Example 2 A method for coupler restoration using *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oysters, the steps of which are as follows: Scaffolded oyster farming was carried out on degraded *Haloxylon ammodendron* seagrass beds at the Yifengxi River estuary in Shantou, Guangdong. Figure 2 The system uses 2-meter cement pillars for support, with a row spacing of 1 meter. The crossbeams are made of rope, with 1.5-meter-long seedling ropes suspended between each rope, spaced 30-40 cm apart. Each rope contains 15-20 oyster cakes, with 10-30 oyster seedlings per oyster cake. The oyster seedlings have a shell height of 1-2 cm. After two years of monitoring, the seagrass coverage is consistently 30%-80%, and the plant density is 10653-35338 shoots / m². 2 The biomass ranged from 38.38 to 78.91 g / m³. 2According to field investigations, the oysters are growing well, and the yield per mu (a Chinese unit of area, approximately 0.067 hectares) will be 5,000 to 10,000 jin (a Chinese unit of weight, approximately 0.5 catties) after 3 years. The seaweed under the grid is growing in the same way as the surrounding area, which shows that the grid-type oyster farming on the seaweed bed of *Haloxylon ammodendron* will not have a negative impact on the seaweed.

[0035] Example 3 A method for coupler restoration using *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oysters, the steps of which are as follows: In the degraded seagrass beds of *Haloxylon ammodendron* at the mouth of the Yifeng River in Shantou, Guangdong, scaffold-type and floating raft-type oyster farming is being carried out. Figure 3 The scaffolding system uses 2-meter cement pillars for support, with a row spacing of 1 meter. The crossbeams are ropes, with 1.5-meter-long seedling ropes suspended between each rope, spaced 30-40 cm apart. Each rope holds approximately 20 oyster cakes, with 10-30 oyster seedlings per cake. The oyster seedlings have a shell height of 1-2 cm. The floating raft system uses rafts measuring 10 meters × 40 meters, with a row spacing of 0.4 meters. Each row hangs 10-15 strings of oyster cakes, 1.2-1.5 meters long, with a spacing of 0.3-0.4 meters between adjacent strings. Each raft holds a total of 800 strings of oyster cakes, with 10-30 oyster seedlings per cake. The oyster seedlings have a shell height of 1-2 cm. The surrounding seagrass coverage is 25%-90% year-round, with a plant density of 5976-20267 shoots / m². 2 The biomass ranged from 13.04 to 34.06 g / m³. 2 According to field investigations, the oysters are growing well, with a yield of 5,000 to 10,000 catties per mu for scaffold-type oyster farming and 30,000 to 50,000 catties per mu for floating raft-type oyster farming. Furthermore, the seagrass bed edges around the oyster farming areas are well maintained, while tidal flat erosion is present in areas without oyster farming. This indicates that scaffold-type and floating raft-type oyster farming in tidal channels can mitigate the erosion of tidal flats by hydrodynamic forces and protect the integrity of seagrass beds.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 Based on Example 1, the restoration of *Haloxylon ammodendron* was carried out, and its cultivation and fishing were strictly prohibited. The income of the surrounding residents in this area was 0.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 Based on Example 2, no restoration of the *Haloxylon ammodendron* will be carried out; instead, residents will be allowed to harvest it naturally, at a cost of approximately 2,500 yuan per person per month.

[0038] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coupler restoration of *Haloxylon ammodendron* and oyster shell, characterized in that, Includes the steps described in 1) and / or 2) below: 1) Select sea areas where Stenophytum clavatum has degraded and oysters are distributed, and carry out oyster farming on Stenophytum clavatum seagrass beds to achieve synergistic restoration of Stenophytum clavatum and oysters; 2) Select a sea area that has similar key factors to the known distribution areas of Haworthia cooperi seagrass beds and has oysters distributed in it; transplant Haworthia cooperi in the sea area and carry out oyster farming on the Haworthia cooperi seagrass beds to achieve synergistic restoration of Haworthia cooperi and oysters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sea area is at least one of coastal lagoons, estuaries, and bays; the current velocity of the sea area is ≤1.0 m / s, the salinity of the water is 0~32‰, and the water depth does not exceed 3 m.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, 1) The method further includes restoring the *Haliotis diffusa* seagrass bed by transplanting *Haliotis diffusa*; 1) or 2) the step of transplanting *Haliotis diffusa* includes a block transplanting method, which includes: transplanting *Haliotis diffusa* blocks from the seed source to the sea area; the area of ​​the *Haliotis diffusa* blocks is 100~225 cm². 2 The transplanting density is 1-4 grass blocks / m². 2 .

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oyster farming methods include one or more of column farming, rack farming, and raft farming.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps of column culture include: vertically inserting multiple oyster columns into the seabed so that the upper part of the oyster columns is exposed above the seabed; and cultivating and managing the oyster seedlings attached to the oyster columns until they reach harvest size. The height of the oyster column is 60-100 cm, and the depth of the lower end of the oyster column buried in the substrate is 25-35 cm; the distance between two adjacent rows of oyster columns is 0.5-1 m; and the inoculation amount of oyster seedlings on each oyster column is 50-100 seeds.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps of the grid-type aquaculture include: setting up a grid in the aquaculture area, the grid including multiple vertical columns fixed in the seabed and multiple horizontal beams erected on the top of the columns; suspending the attachment substrate with oyster seedlings attached on the horizontal beams, so that the lowest point of the attachment substrate is 30-50cm above the tidal flat surface; and managing the oyster seedlings on the attachment substrate until they reach harvest size. The height of the columns is 1.5~2 m, and the row spacing between two adjacent rows of columns is 0.5~1 m; the crossbeams are made of wood, bamboo or cable. The attachment base includes a seedling rope and multiple oyster cakes strung on the seedling rope; the length of the seedling rope is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and the seedling rope is directly suspended on a single crossbeam or suspended between two adjacent crossbeams; the suspension distance between two adjacent attachment bases is 20 to 40 cm. Each string of seedlings has 20 oyster cakes strung together, and each oyster cake has 10 to 30 oyster seedlings attached to it.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps of the raft aquaculture include: setting up a floating raft in the aquaculture area, the floating raft including a buoyancy component, an anchoring component, and a raft frame supported by the buoyancy component; suspending an attachment substrate with oyster seedlings attached to the raft frame, so that the attachment substrate is submerged in the water; and managing the oyster seedlings on the attachment substrate until they reach harvest size.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The buoyancy assembly includes bamboo or logs and floats fixed to the bamboo or logs; the anchoring assembly includes cables and anchors; the raft frame has dimensions of 8 m × 18 m to 12 m × 50 m. The raft frame is equipped with multiple rows of hanging racks, with a spacing of 0.3 to 0.4 m between adjacent rows of hanging racks; each row of hanging racks has 10 to 15 attachment bases suspended on it, with a spacing of 0.3 to 0.4 m between adjacent attachment bases. The attachment base is an oyster cake string, rope, net bag or net cage; when the attachment base is an oyster cake string, the length of each oyster cake string is 1.2~1.5 m; the total number of oyster cake strings suspended on each raft is 800~7000.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The oysters have a shell height of 1-2 cm; the oysters are cultured for 2-3 years and are harvested when the shell height is ≥8 cm.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method also includes the management of oysters and Berberis variabilis; The management of oysters includes: removing harmful and attached organisms from the aquaculture facilities; and harvesting or transferring oysters to other areas in advance when pollution incidents occur in adjacent or aquaculture areas or when severe weather warnings are received. The management of the *Haloxylon ammodendron* includes: regular patrols of the restoration area, removal of invasive large algae and / or sources of human disturbance; The method also includes harvesting oysters, with column culture harvesting during the decline of *Begonia serrata* growth, and rack culture and raft culture harvesting at high tide.

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