A civil engineering construction waste processing device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building waste treatment, and particularly discloses a building waste treatment device for civil engineering, which comprises a feeding hopper and a device shell, a rotor, a crushing cavity formed in the device shell, a back plate, a suspension pin shaft rotatably connected to the top of the back plate, a soft material content detection assembly, a temperature sensing assembly and a temperature control assembly. The soft material content detection assembly and the temperature sensing assembly are connected with the back plate, the temperature sensing assembly is arranged in the crushing cavity, the temperature control assembly is jointly adjusted by the soft material content detection assembly and the temperature sensing assembly, the soft material content detection assembly can identify the soft material content according to the hitting characteristics of the back plate, the cooling intensity can be improved in advance before the temperature rises, the temperature sensing assembly serves as feedback to ensure that the final temperature is accurately controlled, excessive cooling is avoided, the temperature control assembly is controlled through the double parameters of the soft material content and the cavity temperature, the frequency of cleaning caused by asphalt bonding is reduced, and the cost of consumables and artificial maintenance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction waste treatment technology, specifically to a construction waste treatment device for civil engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Construction waste treatment equipment for civil engineering, also known as construction waste resource recovery equipment, is a collective term for a set of mechanical equipment that performs sorting, crushing, screening, separation, dehydration and solidification processes on solid waste generated during the construction, renovation, demolition and decoration of civil engineering projects. It achieves waste reduction, harmlessness and resource recovery. Unlike the traditional direct landfill disposal method, this type of equipment can convert most construction waste into usable resources such as recycled aggregates, recycled building materials and recyclable metals. It is the core equipment for green construction and the recycling of construction solid waste. It is divided into two main forms: fixed centralized processing production line and mobile on-site processing equipment.

[0003] When processing bulk inert construction waste such as waste concrete blocks, broken brick blocks, stone fragments, waste asphalt, and fallen mortar, the coarsely crushed construction waste (waste concrete, broken bricks, stone, asphalt blocks, mortar lumps, etc.) is fed into the top feed hopper via a conveyor belt. Guided by the guide plate (distribution plate) inside the cavity, it falls into the effective impact area of ​​the rotor. The rotor rotates at high speed, and the high-hardness alloy hammers violently impact the falling material head-on. Relying on the instantaneous impact force, the material rapidly breaks along its own cracks and interfaces. The high-speed flying material violently impacts the wear-resistant impact plate of the first impact frame, undergoing a second impact and further crushing. The impact and rebound... The material flies back to the rotor area and is struck by the hammer again. After being crushed in the first chamber, the material with a smaller particle size naturally falls into the second impact chamber below (a smaller space formed by the second impact plate and the rotor), repeating the crushing cycle of "hammer impact - impact plate rebound". In the lower area of ​​the two crushing chambers, the smaller particles of the material will collide and grind with each other at high frequency, further eliminating residual sharp edges and optimizing the particle shape. When the material is crushed to a particle size smaller than the gap between the lower end of the impact plate and the hammer, it will be discharged from the bottom discharge port of the crusher under the action of gravity, fall onto the conveyor belt below, and be sent to the subsequent vibrating screening equipment.

[0004] However, the waste materials to be processed often contain asphalt waste. Impact crushers rely on high-speed impact to complete the crushing. The impact of the hammer and the friction between the materials will continuously generate heat, which will soften and make the asphalt binder in the asphalt concrete sticky. The softened asphalt will carry sand and gravel particles and adhere to the working surface of the hammer, the surface of the impact plate and the inner wall of the crushing chamber layer by layer, forming a hard adhesive scale layer. In order to alleviate the adhesion and blockage, the feeding speed must be reduced and the production capacity must be limited. Moreover, the machine needs to be stopped frequently to clean the adhesive asphalt in the crushing chamber, screen and belt. The effective utilization rate of the equipment decreases and the cost of consumables and labor maintenance increases. Therefore, we propose a construction waste treatment device for civil engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a construction waste treatment device for civil engineering, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, which require reducing the feeding speed and limiting the production capacity during production in order to alleviate the adhesion and blockage of materials. In addition, it is necessary to frequently stop the machine to clean the adhesion of asphalt in the crushing chamber, screen and belt, resulting in a decrease in the effective utilization rate of the equipment and an increase in the cost of consumables and labor maintenance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a construction waste treatment device for civil engineering, comprising a feeding hopper and a device housing; further comprising a rotor, wherein a crushing chamber is provided inside the device housing and the rotor is located inside the crushing chamber; a counter-attack plate, wherein a suspension pin is rotatably connected to the top of the counter-attack plate and both ends of the suspension pin are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber; The soft material content detection component is connected to the impact plate. When the impact plate is impacted by material, the soft material content detection component provides feedback on the soft material content in the construction waste to be processed based on the impact frequency of the impact plate. The temperature sensing component is located inside the grinding chamber and is connected to the soft material content detection component. The temperature sensing component monitors the working temperature inside the grinding chamber in real time. The temperature control component, the soft material content detection component, and the temperature sensing component work together to regulate the temperature control component; The soft material content detection component provides feedback on the soft material content in the construction waste to be processed. The temperature control component pre-adjusts the temperature inside the crushing chamber based on the soft material content. The temperature sensing component monitors the temperature inside the crushing chamber in real time. If the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the temperature control component automatically compensates for the temperature inside the crushing chamber.

[0007] The soft material content detection component includes a support rod located below the impact plate. The end of the support rod near the impact plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the impact plate. A feedback chamber is provided on the inner wall of the device housing. The end of the support rod away from the impact plate passes through the crushing chamber and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the feedback chamber. The support rod is slidably and sealed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A feedback element is provided on the inner wall of the feedback chamber to detect the amplitude of the impact plate squeezing the support rod.

[0008] The feedback device includes a reservoir box, which is installed on the inner wall of the feedback chamber. A detection box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feedback chamber. A piston plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the reservoir box. The piston plate is fixedly connected to a support rod. A return spring is fixedly connected between the piston plate and the reservoir box. The reservoir box is filled with hydraulic oil. An infusion tube is connected to the outside of the reservoir box. A sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection box. A reservoir bladder is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate. The end of the infusion tube away from the reservoir box is connected to the reservoir bladder. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate. The end of the return spring away from the sliding plate is fixed to the inner wall of the detection box. An adjustment device for detecting the hydraulic oil content in the reservoir bladder is provided on the inner wall of the detection box.

[0009] The infusion tube is coiled and bent around the inner wall of the detection box, with the end of the infusion tube near the reservoir located at the bottom of the reservoir.

[0010] The adjusting component includes a sliding rheostat I fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection box, an adjusting rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection box, a return spring III fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod, the adjusting rod fixedly connected to the slider of the sliding rheostat I, and a trigger rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate. The trigger rod is initially located above the adjusting rod. When the sliding plate drives the trigger rod to descend, the trigger rod moves the adjusting rod after moving a fixed distance. The adjusting rod drives the slider of the sliding rheostat I to move, and the resistance of the sliding rheostat I decreases.

[0011] The device includes multiple temperature sensing components distributed across various locations within the grinding chamber. Each temperature sensing component comprises a heat-conducting plate, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the grinding chamber, and the other end of which extends through the grinding chamber and contacts a bimetallic strip. One end of the bimetallic strip is fixed to the inner wall of the device housing. A push rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the device housing, and a second sliding rheostat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device housing. One end of the push rod is close to the bimetallic strip, and the other end of the push rod is fixed to the slider of the second sliding rheostat. When the bimetallic strip triggers and pushes the push rod, the push rod pushes the slider of the second sliding rheostat to move, thus reducing the resistance of the second sliding rheostat.

[0012] The temperature control component includes a water tank with multiple water supply pipes connected to the outside of the water tank. Multiple nozzles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber, with each nozzle corresponding to a different water supply pipe. The nozzles face the inside of the crushing chamber. A guide is provided at the end of the water supply pipe near the nozzle. The guide draws out the coolant from the water tank through the water supply pipe and atomizes the coolant before spraying it into the crushing chamber through the nozzle.

[0013] The drainage component includes a vent box, with a water inlet, an air inlet, and a mixing spray nozzle on the inner wall of the vent box. The water inlet is connected to a water supply pipe, and the mixing spray nozzle is connected to a nozzle. An air compressor is installed on the outside of the device housing, and an air storage tank is connected to the output end of the air compressor. An air supply pipe is connected to the outside of the air storage tank, and the air supply pipe is connected to the air inlet. The inner wall of the air inlet is equipped with a control component for adjusting the inner diameter of the air inlet.

[0014] The control components include a sealing plate, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air inlet. An adjustment frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sealing plate, and a compression spring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjustment frame. The compression spring is fixed to the inner wall of the vent box, and an armature is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjustment frame. An electromagnet is installed on the inner wall of the vent box, and the electromagnet and the armature are positioned correspondingly. A sliding rheostat one and multiple sliding rheostats two are connected in series in the circuit where the electromagnet is located.

[0015] The inner diameter of the water inlet is smaller than that of the air inlet.

[0016] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In use, the soft material content detection component identifies the soft material content in advance based on the impact characteristics of the impact plate, thus increasing the cooling intensity before the temperature rises. The temperature sensing component provides feedback to ensure precise control of the final temperature and avoid over-cooling. Furthermore, the temperature control component, which controls the soft material content and cavity temperature in series, allows for dynamic and stepless adjustment of the cooling intensity based on the waste composition and working temperature. This avoids both insufficient cooling leading to adhesion and blockage, and excessive cooling leading to energy and water waste. It also reduces the frequency of downtime for cleaning due to asphalt adhesion, eliminates the need for deliberate speed reduction in production, reduces adhesion and wear on the hammer and impact plate, and lowers consumable and labor maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grinding chamber of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural distribution of the soft material content detection component, temperature sensing component, and temperature control component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the temperature sensing component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the soft material content detection component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the temperature control component of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Feed hopper; 2. Device housing; 3. Rotor; 4. Crushing chamber; 5. Impact plate; 6. Suspension pin; 7. Soft material content detection component; 70. Support rod; 71. Feedback chamber; 72. Feedback element; 73. Liquid storage box; 74. Detection box; 75. Piston plate; 76. Return spring one; 77. Infusion tube; 78. Sliding plate; 79. Liquid storage bladder; 710. Return spring two; 711. Adjusting element; 712. Sliding rheostat one; 713. Adjusting rod; 714. Trigger rod; 715. Reset. Spring 3; 8. Temperature sensing component; 80. Heat-conducting plate; 81. Bimetallic strip; 82. Top rod; 83. Sliding rheostat 2; 9. Temperature control component; 90. Water tank; 91. Water supply pipe; 92. Nozzle; 93. Drainage component; 94. Vent box; 95. Water inlet; 96. Air inlet; 97. Mixing spray nozzle; 98. Air compressor; 99. Air storage tank; 910. Air supply pipe; 911. Control component; 912. Sealing plate; 913. Adjusting frame; 914. Compression spring; 915. Armature; 916. Electromagnet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0020] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a technical solution: a construction waste treatment device for civil engineering, including a feeding hopper 1 and a device housing 2; it also includes a rotor 3, with a crushing chamber 4 inside the device housing 2, and the rotor 3 located inside the crushing chamber 4; an impact plate 5, with a suspension pin 6 rotatably connected to the top of the impact plate 5, and both ends of the suspension pin 6 fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4; and a soft material content detection component 7, which is connected to the impact plate 5. When the impact plate 5 is impacted by material, the soft material content detection component 7 provides feedback on the soft material content of the construction waste to be treated based on the impact frequency of the impact plate 5. Material content; Temperature sensing component 8, located inside the crushing chamber 4, is connected to the soft material content detection component 7, and the temperature sensing component 8 detects the working temperature inside the crushing chamber 4 in real time; Temperature control component 9, together with the soft material content detection component 7 and the temperature sensing component 8, regulates the temperature control component 9; The soft material content detection component 7 provides feedback on the soft material content in the construction waste to be processed, and the temperature control component 9 pre-adjusts the temperature inside the crushing chamber 4 according to the soft material content, and the temperature sensing component 8 monitors the temperature inside the crushing chamber 4 in real time. If the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the temperature control component 9 automatically compensates for the temperature inside the crushing chamber 4.

[0021] During use, the material enters the crushing chamber 4 through the feed hopper 1, and the rotor 3 hammers strike the material at high speed, causing the material to fly towards the impact plate 5 and form an impact.

[0022] When the feed mainly consists of hard materials such as waste concrete and stone, and the proportion of soft materials is low, the hard materials are brittle and rigid, resulting in a large impact force and short action time when impacting the impact plate 5. After a single impact, the impact plate 5 has a large displacement, but the crushing speed is fast. It is crushed and discharged after 1-2 impacts. The soft material content detection component 7 does not adjust the temperature reduction of the temperature control component 9. When the proportion of soft materials such as asphalt blocks and mortar lumps in the feed increases, the soft materials of asphalt are tough and have low hardness. They have a significant buffering and energy absorption effect when impacted, and the single impact displacement is small. However, they are not easy to break and will repeatedly bounce and collide in the crushing chamber. At this time, the impact plate 5 is continuously squeezed and triggers the soft material content detection component 7. The soft material content detection component 7 causes the temperature control component 9 to work, and the temperature control component 9 pre-enhances the cooling intensity. If the temperature sensing component 8 detects that the temperature inside the crushing chamber 4 exceeds the melting threshold of the asphalt block, the temperature sensing component 8 controls the temperature control component 9 to work. The temperature control component 9 regulates the working temperature inside the crushing chamber 4. Furthermore, the temperature control component 9 is regulated by a series connection of two parameters: the soft material content and the chamber temperature. The cooling intensity can be dynamically and steplessly adjusted according to the waste composition and working temperature. This avoids both insufficient cooling leading to adhesion and blockage, and excessive cooling leading to waste of energy and water resources. It also reduces the frequency of downtime for cleaning caused by asphalt adhesion, eliminates the need to deliberately reduce production speed, reduces adhesion and wear on the hammer and impact plate 5, and reduces consumable and labor maintenance costs.

[0023] When the proportion of soft material in the feed decreases, or the temperature of the chamber drops below the safe value, the cooling intensity generated by the temperature control component 9 automatically drops back to the level matching the working conditions, achieving energy-saving operation. After the material is crushed by the two-stage impact chamber, the qualified particle size is discharged from the bottom discharge port and enters the subsequent screening process.

[0024] The soft material content detection component 7 includes a support rod 70, which is located below the impact plate 5. The end of the support rod 70 near the impact plate 5 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the impact plate 5. A feedback chamber 71 is provided on the inner wall of the device housing 2. The end of the support rod 70 away from the impact plate 5 passes through the crushing chamber 4 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the feedback chamber 71. The support rod 70 and the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4 are slidably sealed, that is, a packing sliding seal structure is used between the support rod 70 and the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4. This not only ensures that the support rod 70 can slide freely in the axial direction, but also completely blocks the dust and fine materials in the crushing chamber 4 from entering the feedback chamber 71, protecting the internal hydraulic and electrical components. The inner wall of the feedback chamber 71 is provided with a feedback element 72 for detecting the amplitude of the impact plate 5 pressing the support rod 70.

[0025] During use, the rotor 3 hammer impacts the construction waste at high speed, and the waste flies towards the impact plate 5 to form an impact. After being impacted, the impact plate 5 slides relative to the support rod 70 while squeezing the support rod 70. The squeezing rod slides along the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4 and triggers the feedback element 72.

[0026] The feedback component 72 includes a reservoir 73, which is installed on the inner wall of the feedback chamber 71. A detection box 74 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feedback chamber 71. A piston plate 75 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the reservoir 73. The piston plate 75 is fixedly connected to the support rod 70. A return spring 76 is fixedly connected between the piston plate 75 and the reservoir 73. The reservoir 73 is filled with hydraulic oil. An infusion tube 77 is connected to the outside of the reservoir 73. A sliding plate 78 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection box 74. A reservoir 79 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate 78. The end of the infusion tube 77 away from the reservoir 73 is connected to the reservoir 79. A return spring 710 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 78. The end of the return spring 710 away from the sliding plate 78 is fixed to the inner wall of the detection box 74. An adjustment component 711 for detecting the hydraulic oil content in the reservoir 79 is provided on the inner wall of the detection box 74.

[0027] When the feedback device 72 is working, the support rod 70 drives the piston plate 75 to slide along the inner wall of the liquid storage box 73. The piston plate 75 stretches the return spring 76, thereby squeezing the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage box 73 into the liquid storage bladder 79 through the infusion pipe 77. This increases the pressure on the sliding plate 78 in the liquid storage bladder 79. Under the gravity of the liquid storage bladder 79, the sliding plate 78 slides down along the inner wall of the detection box 74, and the sliding plate 78 compresses the return spring 710.

[0028] The infusion tube 77 is bent and coiled around the inner wall of the detection box 74 to prevent the infusion tube 77 from pulling the reservoir 79 and interfering with the pressure of the reservoir 79 on the sliding plate 78. The end of the infusion tube 77 near the reservoir 79 is located at the bottom of the reservoir 79.

[0029] The adjusting component 711 includes a sliding rheostat 712 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection box 74. An adjusting rod 713 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection box 74. A reset spring 715 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod 713. The reset spring 715 drives the adjusting rod 713 to reset when the trigger rod 714 is separated from the adjusting rod 713. The adjusting rod 713 is fixedly connected to the slider of the sliding rheostat 712. The bottom of the sliding plate 78 is fixedly connected to the trigger rod 714. The trigger rod 714 is initially located above the adjusting rod 713. In the initial state, there is a fixed empty stroke between the lower end of the trigger rod 714 and the upper end of the adjusting rod 713. This empty stroke corresponds to the small impact displacement of normal fine crushed materials and can filter out invalid light impacts. Only when the impact amplitude reaches the threshold will the trigger rod 714 contact and drive the adjusting rod 713 to move.

[0030] When the sliding plate 78 drives the trigger rod 714 downward and pushes the adjusting rod 713 downward, the slider of the sliding rheostat 712 moves downward synchronously, the length of the resistance wire connected to the circuit shortens, and the resistance of the sliding rheostat 712 decreases linearly as the displacement increases.

[0031] When the feed consists mainly of hard materials such as waste concrete and stone, with a low proportion of soft materials, the material enters the crushing chamber 4 through the feed hopper 1. The rotor 3 hammer impacts the material at high speed, and the material flies towards the impact plate 5 to form an impact. Because the impact frequency of hard materials is low and the hydraulic oil can quickly return after a single impact, the average displacement of the sliding plate 78 is small, the trigger rod 714 cannot continuously push the adjusting rod 713, the sliding rheostat 712 maintains a high resistance value, the crushing chamber 4 generates little frictional heat, and the temperature is maintained at a low level.

[0032] When the proportion of soft materials such as asphalt blocks and mortar lumps in the feed increases, the soft materials repeatedly collide with the impact plate 5 in the crushing chamber, and the support rod 70 is continuously and significantly pushed out. Hydraulic oil is squeezed into the reservoir 79 through the infusion pipe 77. The increased weight of the reservoir 79 pushes the sliding plate 78 to continue to move downward. After the trigger rod 714 completes its empty stroke, it drives the adjusting rod 713 to move down. The resistance of the sliding rheostat 712 decreases linearly, and the temperature control component 9 pre-cools the crushing chamber 4, controlling the chamber temperature below the asphalt softening point in advance. This prevents the soft materials from softening and becoming sticky during subsequent crushing and friction, achieving proactive control of "composition change preceding temperature change".

[0033] Multiple temperature sensing components 8 are provided and distributed in multiple positions in the crushing chamber 4. The temperature sensing components 8 include a heat-conducting plate 80. One end of the heat-conducting plate 80 is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4, and the other end of the heat-conducting plate 80 extends out of the crushing chamber 4 and contacts a bimetallic strip 81. One end of the bimetallic strip 81 is fixed to the inner wall of the device housing 2. A push rod 82 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the device housing 2. A sliding rheostat 83 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device housing 2. One end of the push rod 82 is close to the bimetallic strip 81, and the other end of the push rod 82 is fixed to the slider of the sliding rheostat 83. When the bimetallic strip 81 triggers and pushes the push rod 82, the push rod 82 pushes the slider of the sliding rheostat 83 to move, and the resistance of the sliding rheostat 83 decreases.

[0034] The heat-conducting plate 80 is made of high thermal conductivity copper alloy. One end is embedded in the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4 and flush with the working surface of the chamber. The other end protrudes from the shell and is tightly fitted with the bimetallic strip 81. It can quickly conduct the temperature in the crushing chamber 4 to the bimetallic strip 81. The bimetallic strip 81 is made of two metals with large differences in thermal expansion coefficients laminated together. One end is fixed to the inner wall of the device shell 2, and the free end is directly opposite the push rod 82. When the temperature rises, the bimetallic strip 81 bends and deforms towards the side with the smaller expansion coefficient. The higher the temperature, the greater the bending amount. The push rod 82 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the shell. One end abuts against the free end of the bimetallic strip 81, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider of the sliding rheostat 83. The bending of the bimetallic strip 81 pushes the push rod 82 to move, which drives the slider to change the input resistance value of the sliding rheostat 83. The higher the temperature, the lower the resistance value of the sliding rheostat 83.

[0035] If the soft material continues to be fed, the heat generated by the crushing friction exceeds the pre-cooling capacity, or the ambient temperature is too high, causing the temperature of the crushing chamber 4 to rise continuously and approach the softening point of the asphalt, the temperature sensing components 8 arranged at multiple points will detect the temperature rise simultaneously. The bimetallic strip 81 will bend and push the push rod 82. The push rod 82 will drive the slider of the sliding rheostat 83 to move, and the resistance of each sliding rheostat 83 will decrease, further reducing the total resistance of the circuit.

[0036] The temperature control component 9 cools the crushing chamber 4, quickly removing heat from the crushing chamber 4 and bringing the temperature back to a safe range. If a local area overheats first, the resistance of the corresponding sliding rheostat 83 will decrease, which will also lower the total resistance and trigger overall cooling enhancement, eliminating the risk of local adhesion.

[0037] The temperature control component 9 includes a water tank 90, with multiple water supply pipes 91 connected to the outside of the water tank 90. ​​Multiple nozzles 92 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber 4. Each nozzle 92 corresponds to one of the multiple water supply pipes 91. A guide 93 is provided at one end of the water supply pipe 91 near the nozzle 92. The guide 93 draws out the coolant from the water tank 90 through the water supply pipe 91 and atomizes the coolant before spraying it onto the pulverizing chamber 4 through the nozzle 92.

[0038] The water tank 90 stores cooling water and can be connected to an external circulating water system to ensure stable coolant temperature. Multiple atomizing nozzles 92 are embedded in the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4, with the nozzles facing the rotor 3 impact zone, the working surface of the impact plate 5, the inner wall of the chamber and other areas prone to adhesion. The water supply pipe 91 connects the water tank 90 to the ventilation box 94 of each nozzle 92.

[0039] The diversion component 93 includes a vent box 94. The inner wall of the vent box 94 is provided with a water inlet 95, an air inlet 96, and a mixing spray nozzle 97. The inner diameter of the water inlet 95 is smaller than that of the air inlet. The water inlet 95 is connected to the water supply pipe 91. The mixing spray nozzle 97 is connected to the nozzle 92. An air compressor 98 is installed on the outside of the device housing 2. The output end of the air compressor 98 is connected to an air storage tank 99. The outside of the air storage tank 99 is connected to an air supply pipe 910. The air supply pipe 910 is connected to the air inlet 96. The inner wall of the air inlet 96 is provided with a control component 911 for adjusting the inner diameter of the air inlet 96.

[0040] The compressed air system is powered by an air compressor 98. After being stabilized by an air tank 99, the compressed air is delivered to each ventilation box 94 through an air pipe 910, providing power for atomization and diversion.

[0041] Since each nozzle 92 corresponds to a set of vent boxes 94, and the vent boxes 94 have a water inlet 95, an air inlet 96, and a mixing spray port 97, the inner diameter of the water inlet 95 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet 96, forming a Venturi structure: High-pressure compressed air rushes into the cavity of the ventilation box 94 at high speed from the large-diameter air inlet 96, forming a local negative pressure at the water inlet 95, which automatically draws the coolant in the water tank 90 into the mixing chamber through the water supply pipe 91. High-speed airflow and coolant collide and shear fully in the vent box 94, breaking the coolant into micron-sized droplets, which are finally atomized and sprayed out from the mixing nozzle 97 through the nozzle 92. This structure requires no additional water pump, making it simple and reliable. The atomized droplets are small in size, rapidly vaporizing and absorbing heat upon contact with high-temperature materials and the cavity wall, resulting in high cooling efficiency. Furthermore, almost no liquid water residue remains, preventing the formation of slurry and increased adhesion of fine materials upon contact with water. Simultaneously, the water vapor film formed during vaporization further reduces the adhesion of asphalt to the metal wall surface. The control component 911 includes a sealing plate 912, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air inlet 96. An adjusting bracket 913 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sealing plate 912. A compression spring 914 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting bracket 913. The compression spring 914 is fixed to the inner wall of the vent box 94. An armature 915 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting bracket 913. An electromagnet 916 is installed on the inner wall of the vent box 94. The electromagnet 916 and the armature 915 are positioned correspondingly. A sliding rheostat 712 and multiple sliding rheostats 83 are connected in series in the circuit where the electromagnet 916 is located.

[0042] When the content of soft material increases, the resistance of sliding rheostat 712 decreases, the total resistance in the circuit decreases, the current of electromagnet 916 increases, the magnetic force is enhanced, attracting armature 915 to overcome the spring force and drive sealing plate 912 to move outward, the opening of air inlet 96 increases, the atomization amount increases, and the cooling strength of nozzle 92 in the crushing chamber 4 is enhanced, realizing advanced pre-cooling when the amount of soft material increases. If the temperature inside the crushing chamber 4 rises, the resistance of the sliding rheostat 83 decreases, the total resistance in the circuit decreases, and the cooling intensity is also triggered to achieve real-time compensation for excessive temperature.

[0043] When the amount of soft material decreases and the temperature drops, the total resistance increases, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 916 weakens, the compression spring 914 pushes the sealing plate 912 to close the air inlet 96, and the cooling intensity automatically drops, avoiding energy waste and the risk of excessive material moisture caused by over-cooling. Example 2

[0044] In this second embodiment, the other structures remain unchanged. The difference from the first embodiment is that the nozzle 92 has a tapered nozzle shape, which can concentrate the airflow, reduce lateral diffusion, improve the accuracy of zoned cooling, and allow the cooling energy to be precisely applied to the corresponding area.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction waste treatment device for civil engineering, comprising: The feed hopper and the device housing; Its characteristic is that it also includes a rotor, and a crushing chamber is provided inside the housing of the device, with the rotor located inside the crushing chamber; The impact plate has a suspension pin rotatably connected to its top, and both ends of the suspension pin are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A soft material content detection component is connected to an impact plate. When the impact plate is impacted by material, the soft material content detection component provides feedback on the soft material content in the construction waste to be processed based on the impact frequency of the impact plate. A temperature sensing component is located inside the grinding chamber and is connected to a soft material content detection component. The temperature sensing component detects the working temperature inside the grinding chamber in real time. The temperature control component, wherein the soft material content detection component and the temperature sensing component jointly regulate the temperature control component; The soft material content detection component provides feedback on the soft material content in the construction waste to be processed. The temperature control component pre-adjusts the temperature inside the crushing chamber based on the soft material content. The temperature sensing component monitors the temperature inside the crushing chamber in real time. If the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the temperature control component automatically compensates for the temperature inside the crushing chamber.

2. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft material content detection component includes support rods, multiple of which are located below the impact plate. The end of the support rod near the impact plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the impact plate. A feedback chamber is provided on the inner wall of the device housing. The end of the support rod away from the impact plate passes through the crushing chamber and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the feedback chamber. The support rod is slidably and sealed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A feedback element is provided on the inner wall of the feedback chamber to detect the amplitude of the impact plate squeezing the support rod.

3. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feedback device includes a reservoir box, which is installed on the inner wall of the feedback chamber. A detection box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feedback chamber. A piston plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the reservoir box. The piston plate is fixedly connected to a support rod. A return spring is fixedly connected between the piston plate and the reservoir box. The reservoir box is filled with hydraulic oil. An infusion tube is connected to the outside of the reservoir box. A sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection box. A reservoir bladder is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate. The end of the infusion tube away from the reservoir box is connected to the reservoir bladder. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate. The end of the return spring away from the sliding plate is fixed to the inner wall of the detection box. An adjustment device for detecting the hydraulic oil content in the reservoir bladder is provided on the inner wall of the detection box.

4. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The infusion tube is coiled and bent around the inner wall of the detection box, with the end of the infusion tube near the reservoir located at the bottom of the reservoir.

5. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting component includes a sliding rheostat fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection box. An adjusting rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection box. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod. The adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the slider of the sliding rheostat. A trigger rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate. The trigger rod is initially located above the adjusting rod. When the sliding plate drives the trigger rod to descend, the trigger rod moves the adjusting rod after moving a fixed distance. The adjusting rod drives the slider of the sliding rheostat to move, and the resistance of the sliding rheostat decreases.

6. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple temperature sensing components are provided and distributed in multiple positions within the grinding chamber. Each temperature sensing component includes a heat-conducting plate. One end of the heat-conducting plate is fixed to the inner wall of the grinding chamber, and the other end of the heat-conducting plate extends out of the grinding chamber and contacts a bimetallic strip. One end of the bimetallic strip is fixed to the inner wall of the device housing. A push rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the device housing, and a second sliding rheostat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the device housing. One end of the push rod is close to the bimetallic strip, and the other end of the push rod is fixed to the slider of the second sliding rheostat. When the bimetallic strip triggers and pushes the push rod, the push rod pushes the slider of the second sliding rheostat to move, and the resistance of the second sliding rheostat decreases.

7. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature control component includes a water tank, with multiple water supply pipes connected to the outside of the water tank. Multiple nozzles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber, with each nozzle corresponding to one of the multiple water supply pipes. The nozzles face the inside of the pulverizing chamber. A guide is provided at one end of the water supply pipe near the nozzle. The guide draws out the coolant from the water tank through the water supply pipe and atomizes the coolant before spraying it onto the pulverizing chamber through the nozzle.

8. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drainage component includes a vent box, the inner wall of which is provided with a water inlet, an air inlet, and a mixing spray nozzle. The water inlet is connected to a water supply pipe, and the mixing spray nozzle is connected to a nozzle. An air compressor is installed on the outside of the device housing. The output end of the air compressor is connected to an air storage tank. An air supply pipe is connected to the outside of the air storage tank and is connected to the air inlet. The inner wall of the air inlet is provided with a control component for adjusting the inner diameter of the air inlet.

9. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control component includes a sealing plate that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air inlet. An adjustment frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sealing plate, and a compression spring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjustment frame. The compression spring is fixed to the inner wall of the vent box, and an armature is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjustment frame. An electromagnet is installed on the inner wall of the vent box, and the electromagnet and the armature are positioned correspondingly. A sliding rheostat and multiple sliding rheostats are connected in series in the circuit where the electromagnet is located.

10. The construction waste treatment device for civil engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the water inlet is smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet.

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