A coal loading device for loading coal in a warehouse into a railway open wagon

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal conveying equipment technology, and more particularly to a material feeding device for loading stored coal into railway open wagons. The device includes a feeding platform, a wagon, a feeding assembly, and a leveling mechanism. The feeding platform is connected to the ground via supports, forming a material flow channel. The feeding assembly is located at the bottom of the feeding platform, and a leveling mechanism is located at one end of the feeding assembly. The leveling mechanism includes a crushing assembly, a leveling assembly, and a compaction assembly. The leveling assembly is connected to the feeding assembly and is used for leveling the coal. The crushing assembly is located at one end of the leveling assembly and is used for crushing the coal. The compaction assembly is located at the other end of the leveling assembly and is used for compacting the leveled coal. This invention enables simultaneous leveling and compaction operations during the feeding process, thus solving the problems of high intensity and low efficiency associated with existing manual leveling methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal conveying equipment technology, and in particular to a material feeding device for loading stored coal into railway open wagons. Background Technology

[0002] Coal is an important basic energy raw material in my country. It is mainly transported across regions through centralized storage in warehouses and bulk transportation in open rail wagons. Automated rail loading is a key process in the logistics of coal storage and transportation. At present, conventional material feeding devices are generally used to fill the wagons for coal loading. This can achieve continuous feeding operations and meet the basic batch loading needs. However, the overall equipment is not well matched, and there are obvious shortcomings in the loading operation.

[0003] Existing traditional material feeding devices only have a fixed-point unloading function. After coal falls into the open wagon, it is prone to forming an irregular pile with a bulge in the middle and empty sides due to factors such as the fixed landing point, material accumulation inertia, and uneven particle size. The material surface is not flat. If it is not leveled in time, the bulge coal pile is very likely to generate dust and spillage during high-speed train travel, start-stop bumps, and track vibrations. This not only wastes coal resources and pollutes the environment along the railway, but also causes the center of gravity of the material in the wagon to shift, leading to safety hazards such as uneven loading and unstable operation. This does not meet the standardized loading requirements for railway freight and seriously affects the safety and economy of coal transportation.

[0004] Currently, there is no integrated automated material guiding and leveling equipment in the industry. To address the problem of uneven coal piles in the car, manual leveling is commonly used. Workers need to enter the narrow car and use simple tools to level and smooth the coal piles. The working environment is dusty, space is limited, and safety risks are high, with the risk of falls, dust injuries, and material burial accidents.

[0005] Based on this, a material feeding device with scraping function was designed, which can simultaneously perform scraping and compaction operations during the feeding process, thereby solving the problems of high intensity and low efficiency of existing manual leveling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention discloses a material feeding device for loading coal into railway open wagons, which can simultaneously perform leveling and compaction operations during the unloading process, thereby solving the problems of high intensity and low efficiency of existing manual leveling.

[0007] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons includes a loading platform, a wagon, a loading assembly, and a leveling mechanism. The loading platform is connected to the ground via supports, forming a material flow channel. The loading assembly is located at the bottom of the loading platform, and a leveling mechanism is located at the end of the loading assembly. The leveling mechanism includes a crushing assembly, a leveling assembly, and a compaction assembly. The leveling assembly is connected to the loading assembly and is used for leveling the coal. The crushing assembly is located at one end of the leveling assembly and is used for crushing the coal. The compaction assembly is located at the other end of the leveling assembly and is used for compacting the leveled coal.

[0009] Optionally, the leveling assembly includes a fixed bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, and a scraper plate. One end of the fixed bracket is connected to the second feeding channel of the feeding assembly, and the scraper plate is movably mounted on the bottom of the fixed bracket. The first fixing ear on the scraper plate is connected to the second fixing ear on the fixed bracket via the hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] Optionally, the scraper plate is a plate with guards on both sides.

[0011] Optionally, the crushing assembly includes a connecting support and crushing discs, wherein the crushing discs are fixedly connected to a crossbar on a fixed bracket via the connecting support at one end.

[0012] Optionally, the compaction assembly includes a first connecting bracket, a second connecting bracket, and a pressure roller. One end of the first connecting bracket is fixedly mounted on a fixed bracket, and the other end of the first connecting bracket is movably connected to the second connecting bracket. The pressure roller is rotatably mounted in the middle of the second connecting bracket.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a spraying mechanism, which includes a lifting platform, a connecting support, a spraying bracket, and a water tank. The lifting platform is movably connected to the first sliding groove on the support column via a slider, and the bottom of the lifting platform is provided with a connecting support. The spraying bracket is located inside the connecting support. The interior of the spraying bracket is provided with a rectangular spraying pipe.

[0014] Optionally, one end of the lifting platform is connected to the side of the second unloading channel via a connector, the water tank is located on the upper part of the lifting platform, and the water pump on the water tank is connected to the spray pipe via a water guide pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the unloading assembly includes a first unloading pipe, a second unloading pipe, and a second hydraulic cylinder. The first unloading pipe is located at the unloading port of the unloading platform, and the second unloading pipe is movably installed inside the first unloading pipe. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom of the unloading platform, and the other end is connected to a connecting block on the side of the second unloading pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the second discharge pipe is slidably connected to the second groove on the outer wall of the first discharge pipe via a side slide bar.

[0017] Optionally, the upper part of the feeding platform is provided with a storage bin and a material guiding device.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. In this invention, the feeding platform and the support columns together form a material flow channel, enabling stable feeding of stored coal. The bottom of the feeding platform's outlet is equipped with feeding components and a leveling mechanism, allowing the coal to be simultaneously spread and leveled during the feeding and loading process. This ensures that the coal falling into the railway wagon maintains a uniform and flat surface, preventing coal dust and spillage due to airflow and vibration during train operation. It also prevents uneven loading of materials in the wagon, eliminates freight safety hazards, and eliminates the need for a separate manual leveling process. This significantly reduces labor costs and operational risks, and improves the overall efficiency of coal loading operations.

[0020] 2. This invention features an independent crushing unit that can move the coal after it has been fed in, breaking down the adhesion between the coal particles and preventing the subsequent scraping process by the scraper plate from encountering difficulties due to the coal particles sticking together.

[0021] 3. The present invention designs a compaction group that can compact the top of the regularized coal and further spray it to prevent coal dust from being generated during transportation due to airflow and vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the material feeding group of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spray mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scraping mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a front view of the scraping mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second feeding channel of the present invention.

[0030] The meanings of the reference numerals in the diagram are as follows: 1-support column, 2-feeding platform, 3-storage box, 4-carriage, feeding group, 501-first feeding pipe, 502-second feeding pipe, 503-second hydraulic cylinder, 505-sliding strip, 506-connecting block, 6-scraping mechanism, 601-fixed bracket, 602-hydraulic cylinder, 607-second fixed ear, 609-first fixed ear, 610-scraping plate, 7-traveling wheel, 8-track, 9-spraying mechanism, 901-lifting platform, 902-slider, 903-first chute, 904-connecting support, 905-spraying bracket, 906-connector, 907-water tank, 10-crushing group, 1001-first connecting bracket, 1002-second connecting bracket, 11-compacting group, 1101-first connecting bracket, 1102-second connecting bracket, 1103-pressure roller. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby declared that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside used in this text are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to specifically limit the invention.

[0032] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a material feeding device for loading stored coal into railway open wagons includes a feeding platform 2, a wagon 4, a feeding assembly 5, and a leveling mechanism 6. The feeding platform 2 is connected to the ground via a support column 1, forming a material flow channel. The feeding assembly 5 is located at the bottom of the feeding platform 2, and the leveling mechanism 6 is located at the end of the feeding assembly 5. The leveling mechanism 6 includes a crushing assembly 10, a leveling assembly, and a compaction assembly 11. The leveling assembly is connected to the feeding assembly 5 and is used for leveling the coal. The crushing assembly 10 is located at one end of the leveling assembly and is used for crushing the coal. The compaction assembly 11 is located at the other end of the leveling assembly and is used for compacting the leveled coal.

[0033] It should be noted that in the process of warehousing and logistics transportation, coal, as an important resource, is mainly transferred across regions through centralized warehousing and bulk transportation in open railway wagons. Automated railway loading is a key process in the external transportation of coal in warehousing and logistics. During the railway loading process, a feeding system is needed to guide the coal into the train carriages to achieve automated feeding and loading. However, during long-term use, it was found that after the coal is guided into the carriages, it will accumulate. In order to avoid dust spillage due to vibration and wind during subsequent transportation, it is necessary to scrape it to reduce the direct wind exposure area. The traditional method is to scrape it manually. This method not only requires operators to climb into the carriages, which is somewhat dangerous, but is also not very efficient. Based on this, the feeding structure has been optimized and the scraping function has been added to achieve integrated feeding and scraping.

[0034] It should be further explained that, in order to achieve the above functions, a leveling mechanism 6 is designed in the feeding group 5. The built-in crushing group 10 is used to break the stickiness of the piled coal, so as to facilitate the subsequent leveling operation. The leveling group is set to level the piled coal after it has been shaken by the crushing group 10. The compaction group 11 can compact the leveled coal to form a flat state inside the car. During transportation, the oncoming wind will be blocked by the car, thus greatly reducing the generation of dust.

[0035] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the leveling assembly includes a fixed bracket 601, a hydraulic cylinder 602, and a scraper plate 610. One end of the fixed bracket 601 is connected to the second feeding channel 502 of the feeding assembly 5. The scraper plate 610 is movably mounted on the bottom of the fixed bracket 601. The first fixing ear 609 on the scraper plate 610 is connected to the second fixing ear 607 on the fixed bracket 601 through the hydraulic cylinder 602. The scraper plate 610 is a flat plate with guards on both sides.

[0036] It should be noted that one end of the fixed support 601 is set on the second feeding channel 502, and the entire equipment can be raised and lowered based on the second feeding channel 502. Moreover, a scraper plate 610 is movably set at one end of the fixed support 601, with its bottom in contact with the coal. During the operation of the carriage, the scraper plate 610 is used to scrape the accumulated coal. In order to adjust the angle of the scraper plate 610, our adjustable scraper plate 610 is connected to the fixed support 601 through a hydraulic cylinder 602, and the angle can be adjusted under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder 602, so as to adjust the scraping angle.

[0037] like Figures 1-6As shown, the crushing assembly 10 includes a connecting support 1001 and a crushing disc 1002. The crushing disc 1002 is fixedly connected to a crossbar on a fixed bracket 601 via the connecting support 1001 at one end.

[0038] It should be noted that the crushing group 10 includes a connecting support 1001 and crushing discs 1002. The crushing discs 1002 arranged in a row are connected to the fixed support 601 through the connecting support 1001. During the operation of the car, the coal that has just been introduced is cut laterally, which can loosen the coal that is stuck together, making it easier to perform subsequent leveling operations.

[0039] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the compaction group 11 includes a first connecting bracket 1101, a second connecting bracket 1102, and a pressure roller 1103. One end of the first connecting bracket 1101 is fixedly mounted on the fixed bracket 601, and the other end of the first connecting bracket 1101 is movably connected to the second connecting bracket 1102. The pressure roller 1103 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the second connecting bracket 1102.

[0040] The second connecting bracket 1102 is rotatably equipped with a pressure roller 1103. The outer edge structure of the pressure roller is consistent with the inner structure of the scraper plate 610. After the coal is scraped flat by the scraper plate, it can be compacted and formed synchronously by the pressure roller, so that the upper surface of the coal layer is dense and regular, and dust is prevented from being raised by vibration during material transportation.

[0041] like Figures 1-8 As shown, it also includes a spraying mechanism 9, which includes a lifting platform 901, a connecting support 904, a spraying bracket 905, and a water tank 907. The lifting platform 901 is movably connected to the first sliding groove 903 on the support column 1 via a slider 902, and the bottom of the lifting platform 901 is provided with a connecting support 904. The spraying bracket 905 is disposed inside the connecting support 904. A rectangular spraying pipe is disposed inside the spraying bracket 905. One end of the lifting platform 601 is connected to the side of the second unloading channel 502 via a connector 906. The water tank 907 is disposed on the upper part of the lifting platform 601, and the water pump on the water tank 907 is connected to the spraying pipe via a water guide pipe.

[0042] It should be noted that the spraying mechanism 9 is set up to humidify the coal surface after compaction, thereby improving the dust suppression effect. One end of the spraying bracket 905 is movably connected to the support column 1, and the other end is connected to the side of the second feeding channel 502 through the connector 906, enabling synchronous lifting based on the second feeding channel 502. Moreover, the spraying bracket 905 is set at the bottom of the lifting platform 901, with built-in spraying pipes. Water from the water tank 907 can be discharged through the diversion pump to spray the coal inside the car. Furthermore, the structure formed by the spraying bracket 905 is similar to the inner structure of the scraper plate 610, making the coal wetting process more comprehensive.

[0043] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the unloading group 5 includes a first unloading pipe 501, a second unloading pipe 502 and a second hydraulic cylinder 503. The first unloading pipe 501 is located at the unloading port of the unloading platform 2, and the second unloading pipe 502 is movably installed inside the first unloading pipe 501.

[0044] One end of the second hydraulic cylinder 503 is connected to the bottom of the unloading platform 2, and the other end is connected to the connecting block 506 on the side of the second unloading pipe 502; the second unloading pipe 502 is slidably connected to the second sliding groove on the outer wall of the first unloading pipe 501 through the sliding strip 505 on the side; a storage bin and a material guiding device are provided on the upper part of the unloading platform 2.

[0045] It should be noted that the second feeding pipe 502 is movably disposed inside the first feeding pipe 501. In order to improve the stability of the vertical sliding, the sliding strip 505 on the side of the second feeding pipe 502 is slidably connected to the second sliding groove on the outer wall of the first feeding pipe 501. Therefore, the entire second feeding pipe 502 can be raised and lowered under the drive of the second hydraulic cylinder 503. When guiding materials, it is extended into the interior of the carriage and retracted when not needed. Moreover, other scraping components move synchronously with it to improve the effect.

[0046] It should be further explained that the four carriages are interconnected, and the bottom is connected to the track 8 on the ground via the traveling wheels 7, which enables synchronous material unloading operations while the train is moving slowly. This is a traditional and mature technical solution.

[0047] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons, comprising a unloading platform (2), a wagon (4), an unloading assembly (5), and a leveling mechanism (6), characterized in that: The material feeding platform (2) is connected to the ground through the support column (1) to form a material guiding channel as a whole; The bottom of the feeding platform (2) is provided with a feeding group (5), and the end of the feeding group (5) is provided with a scraping mechanism (6). The leveling mechanism (6) includes a crushing group (10), a leveling group, and a compaction group (11). The leveling group is connected to the feeding group (5) and is used for coal leveling operations; The crushing group (10) is set at one end of the leveling group and is used for coal crushing operations; The compaction group (11) is set at the other end of the leveling group and is used for compaction of the coal after leveling.

2. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraping assembly includes a fixed bracket (601), a first hydraulic cylinder (602), and a scraper plate (610). One end of the fixed bracket (601) is connected to the second feeding channel (502) of the feeding assembly (5), and the scraper plate (610) is movably provided at the bottom of the fixed bracket (601). The first fixing ear (609) on the scraper plate (610) is connected to the second fixing ear (607) on the fixing bracket (601) via the first hydraulic cylinder (602).

3. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 2, characterized in that, The scraper plate (610) is a plate with guards on both sides.

4. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly (10) includes a connecting support (1001) and a crushing disc (1002). The crushing disc (1002) is fixedly connected to a crossbar on a fixed bracket (601) via the connecting support (1001) at one end.

5. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compaction assembly (11) includes a first connecting bracket (1101), a second connecting bracket (1102), and a pressure roller (1103). One end of the first connecting bracket (1101) is fixedly mounted on a fixed bracket (601), and the other end of the first connecting bracket (1101) is movably connected to the second connecting bracket (1102). The pressure roller (1103) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the second connecting bracket (1102).

6. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spraying mechanism (9), which includes a lifting platform (901), a connecting support (904), a spraying bracket (905), and a water tank (907). The lifting platform (901) is movably connected to the first slide groove (903) on the support column (1) via a slider (902), and the bottom of the lifting platform (901) is provided with a connecting support (904). The spraying bracket (905) is located inside the connecting support (904). The spray support (905) has a rectangular spray pipe inside.

7. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the lifting platform (601) is connected to the side of the second unloading channel (502) via a connector (906). The water tank (907) is located on the upper part of the lifting platform (601), and the water pump on the water tank (907) is connected to the spray pipe via a water guide pipe.

8. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading group (5) includes a first unloading pipe (501), a second unloading pipe (502) and a second hydraulic cylinder (503). The first unloading pipe (501) is located at the unloading port of the unloading platform (2), and the second unloading pipe (502) is movably installed inside the first unloading pipe (501). One end of the second hydraulic cylinder (503) is connected to the bottom of the unloading platform (2), and the other end is connected to the connecting block (506) on the side of the second unloading pipe (502).

9. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second discharge pipe (502) is slidably connected to the second groove on the outer wall of the first discharge pipe (501) via a side slide bar (505).

10. A coal loading and unloading device for railway open wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the feeding platform (2) is equipped with a storage bin and a material guiding device.

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