Moisture-absorbing and quick-drying brocade fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fabric technology and discloses a moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon / spandex fabric and its preparation method. The method involves reacting 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol, a diacid, and 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide to obtain a moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing agent. This agent is then used to perform a two-dip and two-nip finishing process on the nylon / spandex fabric to obtain the fabric. The finishing agent's side chains contain hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium salt cations, and amide bonds. During high-temperature pre-drying and baking, some N-hydroxymethyl amide bonds undergo self-crosslinking, forming a three-dimensional network structure with high specific surface area and high capacity. This improves the fabric's water absorption rate, moisture absorption performance, and drying rate, resulting in a moisture-wicking and quick-drying effect. The finishing agent contains amide bonds, which strengthen its bonding force with nylon / spandex fibers containing amide bonds, leading to better finishing effects and excellent wash resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fabric technology, specifically to a moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Moisture-wicking and quick-drying fabric is a type of functional textile fabric that can quickly absorb sweat and moisture from the skin's surface and diffuse the moisture to the outer layer of the fabric for rapid evaporation. It does not lock moisture inside the fibers and is not sticky or clingy to the skin, keeping it dry. Ordinary textile fabrics do not have moisture-wicking and quick-drying properties; these properties are usually acquired by finishing agents.

[0003] Finishing agents mainly include polyester and polyamide types. These finishing agents are highly compatible with the structure of polyester, nylon, spandex, and other fiber fabrics, resulting in good finishing effects, excellent washability, and wide application. Patent CN117802790B discloses a soft, high-elasticity nylon-spandex composite fabric, its preparation method, and its application in underwear. It involves mixing modified silicone oil with thiol groups with modified polyamide, silver nitrate, and water to obtain a finishing solution, which improves the antibacterial, soft, and antistatic properties of the nylon-spandex composite fabric. However, this nylon-spandex composite fabric does not have a moisture-wicking and quick-drying effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric and its preparation method, solving the problem of poor moisture-wicking and quick-drying performance of nylon-spandex fabrics.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a method for preparing a moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric. (1) Add 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and dicarboxylic acid to a flask equipped with a water separator, heat to the esterification temperature, and pass nitrogen gas to carry out the esterification reaction. Add antimony trioxide and evacuate the vacuum to carry out the polymerization reaction. Cool the product and add it to chloroform. After stirring, add methanol to precipitate the product, filter and dry to obtain 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester.

[0006] (3) Add N,N-dimethylformamide and 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to a flask, heat and stir, then add 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide to carry out the reaction. Distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, stir to dissolve, and obtain a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent. The reaction formula is as follows: .

[0007] (3) The nylon-spandex fabric is subjected to two dips and two nips, pre-drying and baking with a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent to obtain the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric.

[0008] Furthermore, in (1), the ratio of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol to dicarboxylic acid is (1.04-1.1) mol: 1 mol: (4.3-4.8) mmol.

[0009] Furthermore, in (1), the esterification reaction is carried out at 160-180℃ for 2-3 hours.

[0010] Furthermore, in (1), the polymerization reaction is carried out at 230-240℃ for 4-5 hours.

[0011] Furthermore, the structural formula of the dicarboxylic acid in (1) is COOH-(CH2)2-COOH, and n is 2-6.

[0012] Furthermore, in (2), the ratio of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide is 100g:(30-55)g.

[0013] Furthermore, the reaction in (2) is carried out at 100-120℃ for 36-48h.

[0014] Furthermore, the concentration of the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent in (3) is 10-30 g / L.

[0015] Furthermore, in (3), the residual rate of the two dips and two rolls is 75-90%.

[0016] Furthermore, in (3), the pre-baking is carried out at 90-100℃ for 3-4 minutes.

[0017] Furthermore, in (3), the baking is carried out at 150-160℃ for 30-40 seconds.

[0018] (III) Beneficial technical effects: 3-Dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and diacid are polymerized to obtain polyester containing tertiary amine bonds. Then, it undergoes a quaternization reaction with 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide to obtain a moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing agent. The side chain of the finishing agent contains a large number of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium salt cations and amide bonds. After finishing nylon-spandex fabrics, the hydrophilicity of the fabric can be significantly improved. At the same time, during the high-temperature pre-drying and baking process, some N-hydroxymethyl amide bonds are dehydrated at high temperature to form active imine onium ions, which then react with hydroxymethyl to form ether bonds, realizing the self-crosslinking of the finishing agent. The crosslinking forms a three-dimensional network structure with high specific surface area and high capacity, which can further improve the water absorption rate and moisture absorption performance of the fabric.

[0019] The finishing agent of this invention forms a high specific surface area network structure through self-crosslinking on the fabric surface, which can increase the contact area between moisture and air, promote moisture evaporation, improve the drying rate, and have a quick-drying effect.

[0020] The finishing agent of this invention contains amide bonds, which strengthens the bonding force with nylon / spandex fibers containing amide bonds, resulting in better finishing effect, excellent washability, and high water absorption and drying speed after washing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

[0022] Example 1: (1) Add 229 mmol of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and 220 mmol of succinic acid to a flask equipped with a water separator, heat to 170°C and purge with nitrogen gas, react for 3 h, add 0.95 mmol of antimony trioxide, evacuate the vacuum, heat to 235°C, react for 5 h, cool, add the product to chloroform, stir and add methanol to precipitate, filter, dry to obtain 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol-based polyester.

[0023] (2) Add 600 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide and 50 g of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to a flask, heat and stir, then add 19 g of 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide, heat to 110 °C, stir and react for 36 h, distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, control the concentration to 10 g / L, stir to dissolve, and obtain a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent.

[0024] (3) The nylon-spandex fabric (blended ratio of 9:1, the same below) was subjected to two dips and two nips using a moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing agent, with a nips-out rate of 85%; it was pre-dried at 90℃ for 4 min and baked at 155℃ for 30 s to obtain the moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric.

[0025] Example 2: (1) Add 209 mmol of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and 190 mmol of adipic acid to a flask equipped with a water separator, heat to 180°C and purge with nitrogen gas, react for 3 h, add 0.82 mmol of antimony trioxide, evacuate, heat to 230°C, react for 4 h, cool, add the product to chloroform, stir and add methanol to precipitate, filter, dry to obtain 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol-based polyester.

[0026] (2) Add 600 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide and 50 g of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to a flask, heat and stir, then add 15 g of 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide, heat to 110 °C, stir and react for 36 h, distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, control the concentration to 15 g / L, stir to dissolve, and obtain a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent.

[0027] (3) The nylon-spandex fabric was subjected to two dips and two nips using a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent, with a nips-out rate of 90%; it was pre-dried at 100℃ for 3 min and baked at 150℃ for 40 s to obtain the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric.

[0028] Example 3: (1) Add 232 mmol of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and 220 mmol of succinic acid to a flask equipped with a water separator, heat to 160°C and purge with nitrogen gas, react for 3 h, add 0.105 mmol of antimony trioxide, evacuate, heat to 240°C, react for 5 h, cool, add the product to chloroform, stir and add methanol to precipitate, filter, dry to obtain 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol-based polyester.

[0029] (2) Add 700 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide and 50 g of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to a flask, heat and stir, then add 27 g of 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide, heat to 100 °C, stir and react for 48 h, distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, control the concentration to 20 g / L, stir to dissolve, and obtain a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent.

[0030] (3) The nylon-spandex fabric was subjected to two dips and two nips using a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent, with a nips-out rate of 80%; it was pre-dried at 100℃ for 3 min and baked at 160℃ for 30 s to obtain the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric.

[0031] Example 4: (1) Add 205 mmol of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and 190 mmol of adipic acid to a flask equipped with a water separator, heat to 170 °C and purge with nitrogen gas, react for 3 h, add 0.86 mmol of antimony trioxide, evacuate, heat to 240 °C, react for 4 h, cool, add the product to chloroform, stir and add methanol to precipitate, filter, dry to obtain 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol-based polyester.

[0032] (2) Add 700 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide and 50 g of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to a flask, heat and stir, then add 23 g of 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide, heat to 120 °C, stir and react for 36 h, distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, control the concentration to 30 g / L, stir to dissolve, and obtain a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent.

[0033] (3) The nylon-spandex fabric was subjected to two dips and two nips using a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent, with a nips-out rate of 85%; it was pre-dried at 90℃ for 4 min and baked at 150℃ for 40 s to obtain the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 in that 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide is not added.

[0035] (1) Add 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to water, control the concentration to 10 g / L, stir quickly to obtain finishing agent. The finishing agent contains a large amount of insoluble solids and is not suitable for two-dip and two-nip finishing of nylon-spandex fabric.

[0036] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that ethylene glycol is used instead of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol.

[0037] (1) Add 229 mmol of ethylene glycol and 220 mmol of succinic acid to a flask equipped with a water separator, heat to 170°C and purge with nitrogen gas, react for 3 h, add 0.95 mmol of antimony trioxide, evacuate the vacuum, heat to 235°C, react for 5 h, cool, add the product to chloroform, stir and add methanol to precipitate, filter, dry to obtain polyethylene succinate.

[0038] (2) Add 600 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide and 50 g of polyethylene succinate to a flask, heat and stir, then add 19 g of 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide, heat to 110 °C, stir for 36 h, distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, control the concentration to 10 g / L, stir quickly to obtain the finishing agent. The finishing agent contains a large amount of insoluble solids and is not suitable for two-dip and two-nip finishing of nylon and spandex fabrics.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that 3-chloro-1-propanol (CAS No. 627-30-5) is used instead of 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide.

[0040] (1) Add 600 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide and 50 g of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to a flask, heat and stir, then add 19 g of 3-chloro-1-propanol, heat to 110 °C, stir and react for 36 h, distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, control the concentration to 10 g / L, stir to dissolve, and obtain the finishing agent.

[0041] (2) The nylon-spandex fabric was subjected to two dips and two nips with a dry finishing agent, with a nips-out rate of 85%; it was pre-dried at 90℃ for 4 min and baked at 155℃ for 30 s to obtain the finished nylon-spandex fabric.

[0042] Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 1 in that 2-chloro-N-methylacetamide (CAS No. 96-30-0) is used instead of 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide.

[0043] (1) Add 600 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide and 50 g of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to a flask, heat and stir, then add 19 g of 2-chloro-N-methylacetamide, heat to 110 °C, stir and react for 36 h, distill the solution under reduced pressure, wash the product with petroleum ether, dry, add the product to water, control the concentration to 10 g / L, stir to dissolve, and obtain the finishing agent.

[0044] (2) The nylon-spandex fabric was subjected to two dips and two nips with a finishing agent, with a nips-out rate of 85%; it was pre-dried at 90℃ for 4 min and baked at 155℃ for 30 s to obtain the finished nylon-spandex fabric.

[0045] The moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of the fabric were tested according to standard GB / T 21655.1-2023. The fabric was washed 30 times according to standard GB / T 8629-2017, and then the moisture absorption and quick-drying properties were tested again. Unfinished nylon-spandex fabric served as a blank control.

[0046] Table 1 Performance Tests Water absorption rate (%) Water absorption rate after washing (%) Drying rate (g / h) Drying rate after washing (g / h) Example 1 225.4 214.6 0.278 0.264 Example 2 257.9 247.3 0.358 0.343 Example 3 292.2 273.0 0.336 0.317 Example 4 281.6 262.8 0.290 0.272 Blank control 157.2 157.9 0.207 0.209 Comparative Example 3 197.1 178.5 0.245 0.221 Comparative Example 4 191.3 181.7 0.241 0.225 The finishing agents in each embodiment contain hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium salt cations, and amide bonds. After finishing nylon-spandex fabrics, they can significantly improve the hydrophilicity of the fabrics. Simultaneously, during high-temperature pre-drying and baking processes, some N-hydroxymethylamide bonds (… High-temperature dehydration forms active imine-onium ions ( ), and then react with hydroxymethyl to form an ether bond ( The finishing agent achieves self-crosslinking, forming a three-dimensional network structure with high specific surface area and high capacity. This further improves the fabric's water absorption and moisture absorption properties. The self-crosslinking of the finishing agent on the fabric surface creates a high specific surface area network structure, increasing the contact area between water and air, promoting moisture evaporation, and increasing the drying rate, resulting in a quick-drying effect. Furthermore, the finishing agent contains amide bonds, which strengthen its bonding force with nylon / spandex fibers containing amide bonds, leading to better finishing effects, excellent wash resistance, and high water absorption and drying speed even after washing.

[0047] The 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester in Comparative Example 1 does not contain hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium salt cations, or amide bonds. It has very poor water solubility, and the finishing agent contains a large amount of insoluble solids, making it unsuitable for finishing fabrics.

[0048] The polyethylene succinate in Comparative Example 2 does not contain tertiary amine groups and cannot react with 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide. The resulting finishing agent is still polyethylene succinate, which does not contain hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium salt cations, or amide bonds. It has very poor water solubility and is not suitable for finishing fabrics.

[0049] Comparative Example 3's 3-chloro-1-propanol lacks N-hydroxymethylamide bonds, preventing the finishing agent from achieving self-crosslinking and forming a three-dimensional network structure. This results in lower water absorption and drying rates, and poor moisture-wicking and quick-drying effects. Furthermore, the absence of amide bonds leads to weaker bonding with nylon / spandex fibers, resulting in poor finishing effects and water resistance. The finishing agent solution is washed away from the fabric after washing, causing a significant decrease in water absorption and drying speed.

[0050] The 2-chloro-N-methylacetamide in Comparative Example 4 does not contain N-hydroxymethylamide bonds, so the finishing agent cannot achieve self-crosslinking and does not form a three-dimensional network structure, resulting in low water absorption and drying rate, and poor moisture absorption and fast drying effect.

[0051] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric, characterized in that, The moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric is obtained by treating nylon-spandex fabric with a moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing agent. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing agent is prepared by the following method: N,N-dimethylformamide and 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester are added to a flask, heated and stirred, and then 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide is added to carry out the reaction. The solution is distilled under reduced pressure, the product is washed, dried, and the product is added to water and stirred to dissolve, thus obtaining the moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing agent.

2. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol polyester to 2-chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)acetamide is 100g:(30-54)g.

3. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction temperature is 100-120℃, and the reaction time is 36-48h.

4. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying finishing agent is 10-30 g / L.

5. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol-based polyester is prepared by the following method: 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and a dicarboxylic acid are added to a flask equipped with a water separator, heated to 160-180°C, and nitrogen gas is introduced. The reaction is carried out for 2-3 hours, then antimony trioxide is added, and a vacuum is drawn. The mixture is heated to 230-240°C and reacted for 4-5 hours. After cooling, the product is added to chloroform, stirred, and then methanol is added for precipitation. The mixture is filtered and dried to obtain the 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol-based polyester.

6. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol to dicarboxylic acid is (1.04-1.1) mol: 1 mol: (4.3-4.8) mmol.

7. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that, The structural formula of the dicarboxylic acid is COOH-(CH2)2-COOH, where n is 2-6.

8. A method for preparing a moisture-wicking, quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: the nylon-spandex fabric is subjected to two dips and two nips using a moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing agent, with a nip-off rate of 75-90%; pre-drying at 90-100℃ for 3-4 min and baking at 150-160℃ for 30-40 s to obtain the moisture-wicking and quick-drying nylon-spandex fabric.