A system and method for driving ecological restoration of a high and steep slope by using a crust

Abstract

This invention provides a system and method for driving crusting ecological restoration on steep slopes, belonging to the field of slope ecological restoration technology. It includes a netting system, a soil amendment layer, an intelligent sensing unit, a controller, an intelligent water management unit, a photovoltaic unit, and a cloud platform. The netting system is anchored to the slope surface. The soil amendment layer is located on the upper surface of the netting and includes ecological rods evenly spaced along the slope and a matrix layer within the netting. The intelligent water management unit includes a reservoir and a water supply pipe connected to the reservoir. The intelligent sensing unit monitors environmental parameters of the slope. The controller receives monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit and sends the data to the cloud platform. The cloud platform incorporates local meteorological data using web crawler technology. This invention, employing the above-mentioned system and method for driving crusting ecological restoration on steep slopes, achieves slope stability and ecological restoration through intelligent management and ecological restoration technology, promoting the sustainable development of the natural environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a system and method for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous expansion of infrastructure construction, the stability and ecological restoration of steep slopes have become increasingly prominent issues. These slopes often suffer from soil structure damage and reduced vegetation cover due to natural weathering, engineering excavation, or human activities, leading to natural disasters such as soil erosion, landslides, and debris flows, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment and the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, developing an efficient and environmentally friendly ecological restoration system for steep slopes is of paramount importance.

[0003] Traditional methods for repairing steep slopes, such as masonry and shotcrete, can enhance slope stability to some extent, but they often have the following problems: (1) Neglecting the restoration of the ecological environment has resulted in the slopes being monotonous in color and lacking vitality, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the ecological environment; (2) It cannot solve the problem of soil erosion on the underlying surface of rocky slopes; (3) The later maintenance requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and the level of intelligence is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system and method for driving the ecological restoration of crusts on steep slopes. Through intelligent management and ecological restoration technology, the stability and ecological restoration of steep slopes can be achieved, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the natural environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a system for driving ecological restoration of crust on steep slopes, comprising a netting system, a soil amendment layer, an intelligent sensing unit, a controller, an intelligent water management unit, a photovoltaic unit, and a cloud platform. The netting system is anchored to the slope surface and consists of 7cm sections. Composed of a 7cm grid; The soil amendment layer is set on the upper surface of the netting and includes ecological rods set at equal intervals along the slope and a matrix layer set inside the netting. The intelligent water management unit includes a water storage tank and a water supply pipe connected to the water storage tank; The intelligent sensing unit is used to monitor the environmental parameters of the slope. The intelligent sensing unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, and a soil moisture sensor. The controller is used to receive monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit and send the monitoring data to the cloud platform. The controller also receives and executes the irrigation plan formulated by the cloud platform. The cloud platform incorporates local weather data using web crawler technology. The photovoltaic unit is a solar panel, and the photovoltaic unit is electrically connected to the intelligent sensing unit, controller, and intelligent water management unit.

[0006] Preferably, the matrix layer, by weight, includes 4-8 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-11 parts of adhesive, 20-30 parts of chitosan fiber, 50-80 parts of peat soil, 20-60 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria agent, 15-60 parts of silicate bacteria agent, 30-60 parts of cyanobacterial agent and 20-50 parts of platycete agent.

[0007] Preferably, the distance between every two rows of ecosticks is 2 to 4 meters.

[0008] Preferably, a plant layer is planted on the substrate layer, and the plant layer consists of pioneer plants, including shrubs, herbs and algae, which are adapted to the local climate.

[0009] Preferably, the eco-stick is a polypropylene bag-shaped structure, with a geotextile impermeable layer on the inner wall of the eco-stick, and soil and nutrients are placed inside the eco-stick.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent sensing unit is connected to the controller and the intelligent water management unit wirelessly, and the controller is connected to the cloud platform wirelessly.

[0011] Preferably, the water supply pipe includes a main pipe and several branch pipes connected to the main pipe, and the main pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve and a flow meter.

[0012] Preferably, the mesh is made of nylon.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for ecological restoration of crusted slopes driven by high and steep slopes, including a preparation stage and a restoration stage. The preparation stage includes the following sub-steps: S1. Clean and level the slope to ensure there is no loose soil or rocks; S2. Excavate a water storage tank on the slope and connect the water storage tank to the water supply pipe to build an intelligent water management unit; S3. Install a wire mesh on the slope, and fix the wire mesh with anchor bolts; S4. Place ecological rods every 2-4m along the slope direction on the hanging net to create regional micro-topography; S5. Lay a substrate layer in the mesh of the wire mesh, ensuring uniform thickness and tight compaction; S6. Sow shrub, herb, and algae seeds on the substrate layer, with shrub seeds accounting for 10-15%, herb seeds accounting for 80-90%, and algae seeds accounting for 5-7%. S7. Install intelligent sensing units on the outside and inside of the slope to monitor the environmental parameters of the slope; The repair phase includes the following sub-steps: S8, the intelligent sensing unit sends the monitoring data to the controller, the controller then sends the monitoring data to the cloud platform, and the cloud platform formulates an irrigation plan based on the monitoring data and local meteorological data; S9, the cloud platform will return the formulated irrigation plan to the controller; S10. Before control, the intelligent water management unit is activated according to the irrigation plan. The solenoid valve is opened to irrigate the slope. When the water output recorded by the flow meter reaches the water output in the irrigation plan, irrigation is stopped.

[0014] Preferably, in step S8, the cloud platform first determines whether the slope needs irrigation based on the monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit. If irrigation is required, it formulates the following irrigation plan in conjunction with local meteorological data: Irrigation Plan 1: When the soil moisture content is greater than 15% and the local rainfall is greater than 30mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigation is not required. Irrigation Plan 2: When the soil moisture content is between 15% and 20%, and there is no precipitation expected in the area within the next 2 to 4 days, irrigation should be carried out on the second day. Irrigation Plan 3: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and there is no precipitation expected in the area within the next 2-4 days, irrigate immediately. Irrigation Plan 4: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and the local rainfall is greater than 30 mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigate on that day according to half of the irrigation amount in Irrigation Plan 3. Irrigation Plan 5: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and the local precipitation is less than 30 mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigate on that day according to three-quarters of the irrigation amount in Irrigation Plan 3.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned system and method for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes, and the beneficial technical effects are as follows: (1) The present invention provides a stable support structure for the slope through the firm installation of the netting and anchor rods, which can effectively prevent soil erosion; (2) The ecological rods set up in this invention create micro-topography on the slope, which has the function of preventing soil erosion. When combined with the netting, they play a dual role in preventing soil erosion. (3) In addition to nutrients for plant growth and soil-improving binders, the matrix layer of this invention also contains silicate bacteria, cyanobacteria, and platycete agents, which can accelerate the decomposition of rocks and speed up their transformation into soil, thereby accelerating the formation of crusts. (4) The present invention realizes intelligent management. The intelligent sensing unit can monitor the environmental parameters of the slope in real time, providing data support for precise management. The controller automatically adjusts the working status of the intelligent water management unit according to the monitoring data, realizes the precise allocation and utilization of water resources, and improves management efficiency. The cloud platform, as a remote monitoring and management center, can obtain the ecological restoration data of the slope in real time and store, analyze and remotely control it. In addition, the cloud platform of this invention incorporates local meteorological data and, combined with monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit, has developed five irrigation schemes that can save water resources to the greatest extent possible. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for ecological restoration of crusting on steep slopes according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure Labels 1. Netting; 2. Ecological rods; 3. Substrate layer; 4. Water storage tank; 5. Controller; 6. Cloud platform; 7. Anchor bolts. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to the present invention, including a netting 1, a soil amendment layer, an intelligent sensing unit, a controller 5, an intelligent water management unit, a photovoltaic unit (not shown in the figure), and a cloud platform 6.

[0021] Netting 1 is made of nylon and is fixed to the slope by anchor bolts 7. Netting 1 is 7cm long. It consists of a 7cm mesh. The size of the mesh can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0022] The soil amendment layer is set on the upper surface of the netting 1, including eco-sticks 2 set at equal intervals along the slope and a matrix layer 3 set inside the netting.

[0023] Eco-stick 2 is a polypropylene bag-shaped structure with a geotextile impermeable layer on its inner wall and soil and nutrients inside.

[0024] The distance between each two rows of ecosticks is 2-4m.

[0025] The matrix layer 3, by weight, includes 4-8 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-11 parts of adhesive, 20-30 parts of chitosan fiber, 50-80 parts of peat soil, 20-60 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria agent, 15-60 parts of silicate bacteria agent, 30-60 parts of cyanobacterial agent and 20-50 parts of delaminogenic bacteria agent.

[0026] A plant layer is planted on the substrate layer 3. The plant layer consists of pioneer plants, including shrubs, herbs and algae, which are adapted to the local climate (i.e., native plants are preferred).

[0027] The intelligent water management unit includes a water storage tank 4 and a water supply pipe connected to the water storage tank 4; The water supply pipe includes a main pipe and several branch pipes connected to the main pipe. The main pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve and a flow meter.

[0028] The intelligent sensing unit (not shown in the figure) is used to monitor the environmental parameters of the slope. The intelligent sensing unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, and a soil moisture sensor. The intelligent sensing unit is set according to the actual situation of the slope.

[0029] The controller 5 is used to receive monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit and send the monitoring data to the cloud platform. The controller also receives and executes the irrigation plan formulated by the cloud platform. Cloud Platform 6 incorporates local weather data using web crawler technology; The photovoltaic unit (not shown in the figure) is a solar panel. The photovoltaic unit is electrically connected to the intelligent sensing unit, controller, and intelligent water management unit. The photovoltaic unit provides power to the intelligent sensing unit, controller, and intelligent water management unit. The photovoltaic unit is set according to the actual situation of the slope.

[0030] The intelligent sensing unit is connected to the controller 5 and the intelligent water management unit wirelessly, and the controller is connected to the cloud platform wirelessly.

[0031] Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for ecological restoration of crusted slopes driven by high and steep slopes, including a preparation stage and a restoration stage.

[0032] The preparation phase includes the following sub-steps: S1. Clean and level the slope to ensure there is no loose soil or rocks; S2. Excavate and construct a water storage tank on the slope, and connect the water storage tank to the water supply pipe to build an intelligent water management unit; the number and size of the water storage tanks are determined according to the actual situation based on the slope area.

[0033] The reservoir is used to collect rainwater, but in cases where there is no rainfall for a long period of time, the reservoir needs to be supplied with water manually.

[0034] S3. Install a safety net on the slope, securing it with anchor bolts. Specifically, use a hammer drill to drill holes perpendicular to the slope, to a depth of 20-50cm, ensuring the anchor bolts penetrate deep into stable rock layers. Barbs can also be added to the bottom of the anchor bolts to enhance their stability. The anchor bolts are typically spaced 1m apart. 1m, to form a uniform anchoring network.

[0035] S4. Place ecological rods every 2-4m along the slope direction on the hanging net to create regional micro-topography; S5. Lay a substrate layer in the mesh of the wire mesh, ensuring uniform thickness and tight compaction; The matrix layer includes 4-8 parts water-retaining agent, 5-11 parts adhesive, 20-30 parts chitosan fiber, 50-80 parts peat soil, 20-60 parts nitrogen-fixing bacteria agent, 15-60 parts silicate bacteria agent, 30-60 parts cyanobacterial agent, and 20-50 parts platyphoid bacteria agent.

[0036] Water-retaining agents and adhesives are commonly used substances in this field, and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] Silicate bacteria, cyanobacteria, and decomposers were added to the matrix layer. All three types of bacteria can decompose rocks, which is beneficial to the formation of the subsoil of the slope ecosystem.

[0038] S6. Sow shrub, herb, and algae seeds on the substrate layer, with shrub seeds accounting for 10-15%, herb seeds accounting for 80-90%, and algae seeds accounting for 5-7%. Herbaceous seeds constituted the largest proportion because they require less water in the early stages of restoration, making them easier to establish. Shrubs, with their deep root systems, require a large amount of water initially, potentially leading to insufficient water supply to the slope ecosystem. Furthermore, the lack of a crust on the rock surface in the early stages prevents shrub roots from penetrating deeply. While algae have less water and soil conservation capabilities than herbaceous plants and shrubs, they can promote microbial activity in the early stages of ecological restoration, further improving soil structure and enhancing soil biological activity. Additionally, algae can absorb heavy metals and degrade organic pollutants in the soil, playing a crucial role in the ecological restoration of mining area slopes.

[0039] In the later stages of slope ecological restoration, tree seeds can be sown by aerial seeding to improve the slope ecosystem.

[0040] Therefore, through the planting of shrubs, herbs, algae, and later trees, a stable ecosystem can be formed among the plants through interaction and competition, without human intervention. Ultimately, the ecosystem exhibits strong resilience and resistance.

[0041] S7. Install intelligent sensing units on the outside and inside of the slope to monitor the environmental parameters of the slope; The repair phase includes the following sub-steps: S8, the intelligent sensing unit sends the monitoring data to the controller, the controller then sends the monitoring data to the cloud platform, and the cloud platform formulates an irrigation plan based on the monitoring data and local meteorological data; The cloud platform first determines whether the slope needs irrigation based on the monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit. If irrigation is needed, it formulates the following irrigation plan based on local meteorological data: Irrigation Plan 1: When the soil moisture content is greater than 15% and the local rainfall is greater than 30mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigation is not required. Irrigation Plan 2: When the soil moisture content is between 15% and 20%, and there is no precipitation expected in the area within the next 2 to 4 days, irrigation should be carried out on the second day. Irrigation Plan 3: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and there is no precipitation expected in the area within the next 2-4 days, irrigate immediately. Irrigation Plan 4: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and the local rainfall is greater than 30 mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigate on that day according to half of the irrigation amount in Irrigation Plan 3. Irrigation Plan 5: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and the local precipitation is less than 30 mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigate on that day according to three-quarters of the irrigation amount in Irrigation Plan 3.

[0042] S9, the cloud platform will return the formulated irrigation plan to the controller; S10. Before control, the intelligent water management unit is activated according to the irrigation plan. The solenoid valve is opened to irrigate the slope. When the water output recorded by the flow meter reaches the water output in the irrigation plan, irrigation is stopped.

[0043] It is worth noting that all contents not described in detail in this invention are existing technologies and are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned system and method for driving the ecological restoration of crust on high and steep slopes. Through intelligent management and ecological restoration technology, it realizes the stability and ecological restoration of high and steep slopes and promotes the sustainable development of the natural environment.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes, characterized in that, The system includes a meshwork, soil amendment layer, intelligent sensing unit, controller, intelligent water management unit, photovoltaic unit, and cloud platform. The meshwork is anchored to the slope and consists of 7cm sections. Composed of a 7cm grid; The soil amendment layer is set on the upper surface of the netting and includes ecological rods set at equal intervals along the slope and a matrix layer set inside the netting. The intelligent water management unit includes a water storage tank and a water supply pipe connected to the water storage tank; The intelligent sensing unit is used to monitor the environmental parameters of the slope. The intelligent sensing unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, and a soil moisture sensor. The controller is used to receive monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit and send the monitoring data to the cloud platform. The controller also receives and executes the irrigation plan formulated by the cloud platform. The cloud platform incorporates local weather data using web crawler technology. The photovoltaic unit is a solar panel, and the photovoltaic unit is electrically connected to the intelligent sensing unit, controller, and intelligent water management unit.

2. The system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matrix layer, by weight, includes 4-8 parts water-retaining agent, 5-11 parts adhesive, 20-30 parts chitosan fiber, 50-80 parts peat soil, 20-60 parts nitrogen-fixing bacteria agent, 15-60 parts silicate bacteria agent, 30-60 parts cyanobacterial agent, and 20-50 parts cladodes agent.

3. The system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between each two rows of ecosticks is 2-4m.

4. The system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plant layer is planted on the substrate layer, consisting of pioneer plants including shrubs, herbs, and algae.

5. The system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eco-stick is a polypropylene bag-like structure with a geotextile impermeable layer on the inner wall and soil and nutrients inside.

6. The system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent sensing unit is connected to the controller and the intelligent water management unit wirelessly, and the controller is connected to the cloud platform wirelessly.

7. The system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply pipe includes a main pipe and several branch pipes connected to the main pipe. The main pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve and a flow meter.

8. A system for driving crust ecological restoration on steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The netting is made of nylon.

9. A method for ecological restoration of crusted slopes driven by high and steep slopes, comprising a preparation stage and a restoration stage, characterized in that, The preparation phase includes the following sub-steps: S1. Clean and level the slope to ensure there is no loose soil or rocks; S2. Excavate a water storage tank on the slope and connect the water storage tank to the water supply pipe to build an intelligent water management unit; S3. Install a wire mesh on the slope, and fix the wire mesh with anchor bolts; S4. Place ecological rods every 2-4m along the slope direction on the hanging net to create regional micro-topography; S5. Lay a substrate layer in the mesh of the wire mesh, ensuring uniform thickness and tight compaction; S6. Sow shrub, herb, and algae seeds on the substrate layer, with shrub seeds accounting for 10-15%, herb seeds accounting for 80-90%, and algae seeds accounting for 5-7%. S7. Install intelligent sensing units on the outside and inside of the slope to monitor the environmental parameters of the slope; The repair phase includes the following sub-steps: S8, the intelligent sensing unit sends the monitoring data to the controller, the controller then sends the monitoring data to the cloud platform, and the cloud platform formulates an irrigation plan based on the monitoring data and local meteorological data; S9, the cloud platform will return the formulated irrigation plan to the controller; S10. Before control, the intelligent water management unit is activated according to the irrigation plan. The solenoid valve is opened to irrigate the slope. When the water output recorded by the flow meter reaches the water output in the irrigation plan, irrigation is stopped.

10. A method for ecological restoration of crusted slopes driven by claims 9, characterized in that, In step S8, the cloud platform first determines whether the slope needs irrigation based on the monitoring data from the intelligent sensing unit. If irrigation is needed, it formulates the following irrigation plan based on local meteorological data: Irrigation Plan 1: When the soil moisture content is greater than 15% and the local rainfall is greater than 30mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigation is not required. Irrigation Plan 2: When the soil moisture content is between 15% and 20%, and there is no precipitation expected in the area within the next 2 to 4 days, irrigation should be carried out on the second day. Irrigation Plan 3: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and there is no precipitation expected in the area within the next 2-4 days, irrigate immediately. Irrigation Plan 4: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and the local rainfall is greater than 30 mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigate on that day according to half of the irrigation amount in Irrigation Plan 3. Irrigation Plan 5: When the soil moisture content is less than 15% and the local precipitation is less than 30 mm in the next 2-4 days, irrigate on that day according to three-quarters of the irrigation amount in Irrigation Plan 3.

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