A prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure, comprising bamboo-wound lattice steel columns and bamboo-wound composite tube composite beams, both prefabricated using a winding process. During on-site assembly, the bamboo-wound composite tube composite beams are connected to steel pipes located at beam-column joints via end connecting plates, forming the beam-column joints of the prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure. The assembled frame structure of this invention fully leverages the performance advantages of both steel and bamboo. The lightweight, high-strength steel frame serves as a permanent mold for the wound bamboo fiber layer, while the hardened bamboo fiber layer provides lateral restraint to suppress out-of-plane deformation of the steel frame. The steel joints at the ends of the composite beams facilitate the creation of beam hinge patterns, thereby improving the construction convenience and load-bearing reliability of the composite structure. This structural form meets the requirements of green building, is suitable for multi-story and high-rise buildings, and has the potential for large-scale application.

Description

(I) Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering, and in particular to a prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure. (II) Technical Background

[0002] With the green transformation of my country's construction industry, the use of green building materials has become an important tool for energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction sector. my country boasts the world's largest bamboo reserves, and engineered bamboo materials, made from bamboo fiber extracted from raw bamboo, offer advantages such as strong design flexibility in component dimensions, high processability, and low material property variation. Modern bamboo-structured buildings not only possess aesthetic appeal but also exhibit excellent structural load-bearing capacity and significant carbon reduction and sequestration effects, making them crucial for promoting the development of green building technologies.

[0003] However, the high construction cost of pure bamboo structures currently hinders their large-scale application. Furthermore, considering the relatively limited ductility and deformation capacity of bamboo itself, engineered bamboo often requires metal connectors at the ends to connect components. This reduces the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the engineered bamboo components, creates stress concentration risks, and increases the processing complexity of the connection area, requiring higher precision in on-site assembly. In addition, since building beams and columns typically have large cross-sectional dimensions, large-section engineered bamboo, prepared by hot pressing sheets or bundles, is prone to interlaminar failure under load, making it difficult to effectively utilize the material's strength. (III) Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to optimize the connection structure of existing bamboo components in engineering projects and reduce the overall construction cost. It proposes a prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure, which uses the steel structure as a mold for winding bamboo fiber and as a load-bearing skeleton. It utilizes the efficient assembly and connection method of the existing steel structure, while giving full play to the tensile strength advantage of bamboo fiber, so as to realize the efficient use of existing bamboo resources in the building structure and promote the high-quality development of green construction.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure includes bamboo-wound lattice steel columns and bamboo-wound composite pipe composite beams. The bamboo-wound lattice steel columns consist of lattice steel columns and a bamboo fiber winding layer on the column body. During factory prefabrication, the lattice steel columns composed of steel pipes and steel gussets are used as molds. Horizontal supports for the beam-column joints are set on the upper and lower horizontal planes of the beam-column joint connection area. Bamboo fiber is wound around the column surface except for the beam-column joint connection area. After the adhesive has cured, a bamboo fiber winding layer is formed on the column body, completing the prefabrication of the frame column components. The bamboo-wound composite pipe composite beams include steel joints, end connecting plates, and a bamboo fiber winding layer on the beam body. In the prefabrication stage, the steel joint is welded to the end connecting plate, and the end away from the end connecting plate is connected to the end fixing part of the detachable beam mold to form the beam mold. Based on the winding process, the bamboo fiber winding layer of the beam is set. After it hardens, the detachable beam mold is removed from the mold removal hole to complete the prefabrication of the frame beam component. The bamboo-wound lattice steel column is bolted to the end connecting plate of the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam through the steel pipe in the beam-column node connection area to form the beam-column node of the prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure. The bamboo-wound lattice steel column is connected to the upper column and the lower column on the same floor through the column steel frame connector on the upper and lower column connection surface.

[0007] Preferably, the bamboo fiber winding layer of the bamboo-wound lattice steel column can be formed by winding bamboo fibers in multiple layup directions, and the outermost 10 layers of bamboo fiber should be as close as possible to the longitudinal direction of the column.

[0008] Preferably, the steel pipe of the lattice steel column can be a round steel pipe or a square steel pipe. When a square steel pipe is selected, a rounded chamfer can be set at the corner of the support point of the bamboo fiber winding layer of the column. The outer radius of the round steel pipe or the chamfer radius should not be less than 5% of the corresponding side length of the lattice steel column.

[0009] Preferably, the steel ties of the lattice steel column can be arranged in a single-axis symmetric or double-axis symmetric manner. When a single-axis symmetric arrangement is selected, the strong axis of the lattice steel column section should be oriented towards the transverse direction of the structural plane.

[0010] Preferably, the contact side between the steel gussets of the lattice steel column and the bamboo fiber winding layer of the column should be a plane;

[0011] Preferably, the end connecting plate of the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam can be pre-drilled with a hole, the size of which is 1mm to 2mm larger than the outer side length of the steel joint. After the steel joint is embedded into the end connecting plate, it is welded to both sides. This hole can then be directly used as a mold disassembly hole.

[0012] Preferably, the bamboo fiber winding layer of the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam can be formed by winding bamboo fibers in multiple layup directions, and the outermost 5 to 10 layers of bamboo fiber layers are as parallel as possible to the longitudinal direction of the column.

[0013] As a preferred option, when the load-bearing requirement of the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam is large, the detachable beam mold in the beam mold during the factory prefabrication stage can be left unremoved. In this case, the end connecting plate does not need to be provided with mold removal holes.

[0014] Preferably, the length of the steel joint of the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam should be no less than the larger of 1 / 10 of the beam's clear span and 2 times the beam's height.

[0015] Preferably, the connection surface between the upper and lower columns of the bamboo-wrapped lattice steel column should be as close as possible to the height of the column's inflection point.

[0016] Preferably, welding should not be used when connecting the steel pipe and the steel frame of the bamboo-wound lattice steel column. Bolting or gluing can be used instead. When gluing is used, the roughness of the outer surface of the steel frame connector can be appropriately increased.

[0017] Preferably, the bamboo-wound lattice steel column is connected to the upper column and the lower column on the same floor based on the column steel column connector. The cross-sectional shape of the column steel column connector should be similar to that of the steel pipe, and the size should be slightly smaller than the steel pipe by 1mm to 2mm. The length of the connector embedded in the upper column or the lower column on the same floor should be not less than 100mm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are that it can efficiently utilize the performance advantages of both steel and bamboo, specifically in the following aspects: In the prefabrication stage, the permanent steel structure mold based on wound bamboo fiber simplifies the prefabricated component preparation process and reduces the amount of bamboo used in engineering, solving the problem of insufficient overall stress resistance in large-section pure bamboo components. Simultaneously, it fully leverages the design flexibility of wound bamboo fiber according to the different stress characteristics of frame columns and frame beams. In the assembly stage, the connection of prefabricated components can largely follow the connection methods of steel structures, minimizing the adverse weakening effects of component connection sections. In the service stage, the bamboo fiber winding layer effectively constrains the out-of-plane deformation of the steel structure, improving the compressive stability of prefabricated components. The steel joints at the beam ends facilitate the generation of plastic hinges, improving the overall structure's seismic energy dissipation capacity. Thus, it ensures that the composite frame structure has excellent load-bearing capacity, strong deformation capacity, and outstanding energy dissipation capacity, promoting the large-scale application of green building structures. (iv) Description of the attached drawings

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the beam-column joint of the prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lattice steel column of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bamboo-wound lattice steel column structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower column connection structure of the bamboo-wound lattice steel column of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mold for the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the forming process of the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam of the present invention.

[0026] The components include: 1-Bamboo-wound lattice steel column; 2-Bamboo-wound composite pipe beam; 3-Beam-column joint connection area; 4-Upper and lower column connection surface; 5-Beam body mold; 11-Steel pipe; 12-Steel lacing strip; 13-Lattice steel column; 14-Column bamboo fiber winding layer; 21-Steel joint; 22-End connecting plate; 23-Beam bamboo fiber winding layer; 31-Beam-column joint horizontal support; 41-Upper column on the same floor; 42-Lower column on the same floor; 43-Column steel frame connector; 51-Demountable beam mold; 52-End fixing piece; 53-Mold removal hole. (V) Detailed Implementation

[0027] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] This invention provides a prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure, including bamboo-wound lattice steel columns 1 and bamboo-wound composite pipe composite beams 2. The bamboo-wound lattice steel columns 1 and bamboo-wound composite pipe composite beams 2 can be manufactured in the factory and then transported to the construction site for installation to form the prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure.

[0029] When the bamboo-wound lattice steel column 1 is prefabricated, the lattice steel column 13 composed of steel pipe 11 and steel lacing strip 12 is first set up. The upper and lower horizontal surfaces of the beam-column node connection area 3 are additionally set with beam-column node horizontal supports 31. The bamboo fiber is wound onto the column surface other than the beam-column node connection area by connecting the rotating shaft at the end of the steel pipe. After the adhesive has been cured and hardened, the bamboo fiber winding layer 14 of the column is formed.

[0030] During the prefabrication of the bamboo-wound composite pipe composite beam 2, the steel joint 21 and the end connecting plate 22 are connected by welding. The end fixing part 52 of the beam body detachable mold 51 is fixed to the end of the steel joint 21 away from the end connecting plate 22 to form the beam body mold 5. Bamboo fiber is wound on the outer side of the beam body. After it hardens, a bamboo fiber winding layer 23 is formed on the beam body. The beam body detachable mold 51 is removed from the mold removal hole 53 so that it can be recycled during the subsequent component prefabrication.

[0031] When the bamboo-wound lattice steel column 1 and the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam 2 are assembled on site, the bamboo-wound lattice steel column 1 is first installed at the corresponding floor height, and the steel pipe 11 of its beam-column node connection area 3 is bolted to the end connecting plate 22 of the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam 2 to form the beam-column node of the prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure.

[0032] The prefabricated height of the bamboo-wound lattice steel column 1 is the height of a single layer, and the upper and lower column connection surfaces 4 are far away from the beam-column node connection area 3. The column steel frame connector 43 is fixed to the end of the steel pipe of the bamboo-wound lattice steel column 1, thereby completing the connection between the upper column 41 and the lower column 42 of the same layer.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure, comprising bamboo-wound lattice steel columns (1) and bamboo-wound composite tube composite beams (2), characterized in that: The bamboo-wound lattice steel column (1) is composed of a lattice steel column (13) and a column bamboo fiber winding layer (14) wrapped around the outside of the lattice steel column (13). The lattice steel column (13) is assembled from several parallel steel pipes (11) and steel ties (12) connecting adjacent steel pipes (11). The bamboo-wound composite pipe composite beam (2) includes a beam bamboo fiber winding layer (23) in the middle area, steel joints (21) fixed at both ends of the beam bamboo fiber winding layer (23), and end connecting plates (22). During on-site assembly, the end connecting plates (22) are bolted to the surface of the steel pipes (11) in the beam-column node connection area (3) of the bamboo-wound lattice steel column (1) to form a beam-column node of the prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure.

2. The prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lattice steel column (13) has a pre-reserved beam-column node connection area (3) that does not wrap bamboo fiber. The upper and lower horizontal surfaces of the beam-column node connection area (3) are respectively provided with beam-column node horizontal supports (31).

3. The prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo fiber winding layer (14) of the column only covers the surface of the lattice steel column (13) along the longitudinal direction of the entire column body, except for the beam-column joint connection area (3).

4. The prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When prefabricating the bamboo-wound composite pipe combined beam (2), a detachable beam mold (51) is set in the middle. The end of the detachable beam mold (51) is temporarily fixed to the steel joint (21) through the end fixing member (52) and serves as the winding base. After the bamboo fiber winding layer (23) of the beam is wound and cured, the detachable beam mold (51) is pulled out and removed through the mold removal hole (53) opened on the end connecting plate (22).

5. The prefabricated steel-bamboo composite frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo-wrapped lattice steel column (1) is segmented along the height direction, and the upper and lower column connection surfaces (4) formed by their docking are offset from the beam-column node connection area (3). The steel pipe (11) at the bottom of the upper column (41) and the steel pipe (11) at the top of the lower column (42) are embedded with column steel frame connectors (43) to achieve connection.

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