An airborne temporary support system and a tunneling and anchoring machine using the same.

Abstract

This invention relates to an airborne temporary support and a tunneling and anchoring machine using the same. The airborne temporary support includes a main frame, a support top plate, a support flap, and a drive assembly. The main frame has a connecting assembly for connecting the tunneling and anchoring machine and an externally suspended platform. The support top plate is located on top of the main frame. The support flap is hinged to the main frame and is also located on the externally suspended platform. The drive assembly is located on the main frame and drives the support flap to flip up for support. Compared with existing technologies, the flexible deployment mechanism of the support flap gives the overall support structure high flexibility, enabling large-area roof protection within a compact size. With the synergistic effect of the support top plate and the support flap, a safe and reliable temporary support space is quickly constructed at the tunneling face, allowing workers to safely carry out subsequent work within this effective protection area, greatly reducing the risk of roof collapse caused by working under an open roof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of auxiliary support for rapid tunneling in coal mines, and particularly to a machine-mounted temporary support system and an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine using the same. Background Technology

[0002] Rapid tunneling in coal mines is a crucial step in efficient coal production. Before permanent support is completed, the temporary support device of the tunneling and anchoring machine plays a critical role in providing temporary support. This device needs to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunneling roof in a short period of time, effectively prevent roof falls and casualties caused by unsupported roof operations, and create stable working conditions for subsequent permanent support operations.

[0003] However, existing temporary supports suffer from poor adaptability. Specifically, the design parameters of roadways under different geological conditions, especially the mining height, vary significantly. The existing equipment has a fixed structure, making it difficult to flexibly adjust its support posture according to the actual parameters of the roadway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an airborne temporary support system and an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine using the same system, which can adjust the support angle according to the actual site conditions, offering the advantage of high flexibility in use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An airborne temporary support includes: The main frame has connecting components for connecting the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the main frame has an external cantilever platform; A support top plate is provided on top of the externally suspended platform; A support flap is hinged to the main frame and is disposed on the external cantilever platform; A drive assembly is mounted on the main frame and drives the support flap to flip up for support.

[0006] In one possible implementation: The support top plate is connected to the external suspension platform via a ball joint.

[0007] In one possible implementation: Two of each of the support top plate and the support flap are provided, and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the external suspension platform.

[0008] In one possible implementation: The drive assembly is a first hydraulic transmission assembly, which includes a first oil cylinder and a first telescopic shaft. The first oil cylinder is hinged to the external suspension platform, and the end of the first telescopic shaft is hinged to the support flap.

[0009] In one possible implementation: The main frame includes a support section, a main body section, and a connecting section that are connected in sequence. The external suspension platform is fixedly installed on the support section, and the connecting section is used to connect the tunneling and anchoring machine.

[0010] In one possible implementation: The connecting assembly includes a slide rod and a slider. The slide rod and the slider are slidably connected. The slider is fixed to the connecting section. The end of the slide rod is provided with a connector for connecting the tunneling and anchoring machine. The connecting assembly is provided with a second hydraulic transmission assembly, which includes a second oil cylinder and a second telescopic shaft. The end of the second oil cylinder is hinged to the slide rod, and the end of the second telescopic shaft is hinged to the main body section.

[0011] In one possible implementation: Two connecting segments are provided, and the two connecting segments are symmetrically connected to the ends of the main body segment; The second hydraulic transmission assembly is provided in two parts, corresponding to the two connecting sections.

[0012] In one possible implementation: A spray module is installed on the external suspended platform.

[0013] In one possible implementation: The spray module includes side nozzles and a central nozzle. There are two side nozzles, which are respectively located on both sides of the external suspended platform, and the central nozzle is located in the middle of the external suspended platform.

[0014] The present invention also provides an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, including a body and the airborne temporary support described in the above solution, wherein the connecting component is connected to the body and the externally suspended platform extends outward to form a support structure.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions: Compared to existing technologies, the flexible deployment mechanism of the support flaps gives the overall support structure greater flexibility, enabling large-area roof protection within a compact size. Throughout the support process, the support roof maintains constant contact support directly above, while the deployment of the support flaps provides timely protection for newly exposed areas. The synergistic effect of these two mechanisms quickly creates a safe and reliable temporary support space at the tunneling face, allowing workers to safely carry out subsequent work within this effectively protected area, greatly reducing the risk of roof collapse caused by working under an open roof. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the airborne temporary support in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main frame in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the connecting component in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the supporting flap in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure label: 1. Main frame; 11. External suspension platform; 12. Support section; 13. Main body section; 14. Connecting section; 2. Support top plate; 3. Support flap; 4. First hydraulic cylinder; 51. Sliding rod; 52. Sliding block; 53. Second hydraulic cylinder; 54. Second telescopic shaft; 6. Sprinkler module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0019] Rapid tunneling in coal mines is a crucial step in efficient coal production, but existing temporary support systems suffer from poor adaptability. Specifically, tunnel design parameters, especially mining height, vary significantly under different geological conditions. Existing equipment has a fixed structure, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the support posture according to actual tunnel parameters. To address these issues, this invention provides a machine-mounted temporary support system and a tunneling and anchoring integrated machine using it. This system can adjust the support angle according to actual site conditions, offering high flexibility. The technical solution of this invention will be described in detail below with specific examples.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the present invention relates to an airborne temporary support system, comprising a main frame 1, a support top plate 2, a support flap 3, and a drive assembly. The main frame 1 has a connecting assembly for connecting to a tunneling and anchoring machine, and an external suspended platform 11. The support top plate 2 is located on top of the main frame 1. The support flap 3 is hinged to the main frame 1 and is also located on the external suspended platform 11. The drive assembly is mounted on the main frame 1 and drives the support flap 3 to flip upwards for support.

[0021] It should be noted that the main frame 1 achieves a rigid structural connection with the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine body through the connecting components. Therefore, during normal operation, the entire temporary support device can move synchronously with the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, fundamentally solving the problem of support lag caused by the need for independent handling of traditional support devices. An external cantilever platform 11 is set on the main frame 1, providing an outward-extending working support. The support roof plate 2 is directly installed on the top of the main frame 1, undertaking the primary support for the roof directly above the roadway, serving as a basic support barrier. The support flap 3 is a movable component, forming a hinged connection with the main frame 1. By controlling the drive component, the support flap 3 can be flipped down in the non-working state to avoid extending outward and occupying extra space. When temporary support is required on site, the support flap 3 is also driven to flip upward around the hinge point by controlling the drive component, allowing the support flap 3 to unfold from the retracted state to the support posture, significantly expanding the support range.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the flexible deployment mechanism of the support flap 3 gives the overall support structure a high degree of flexibility, enabling large-area roof protection within a compact size. Throughout the support process, the support roof 2 maintains contact support directly above, while the deployment of the support flap 3 provides timely protection for newly exposed areas. The synergistic effect of the two quickly constructs a safe and reliable temporary support space at the tunneling face, allowing workers to safely carry out subsequent work within this effective protection area, greatly reducing the risk of roof collapse caused by working under an open roof.

[0023] In one embodiment, more preferably, the support top plate 2 and the main frame 1 are connected by a ball joint. Specifically, a pressure sensor is provided on the top of the support.

[0024] It should be noted that ball joints, as a connection method that provides multi-directional rotational freedom, allow the support roof plate 2 to move within a certain angular range relative to the main frame 1 around the center of the ball. During operation, the newly exposed surrounding rock roof is often not an ideally flat surface and may exhibit local unevenness, inclination, or stepped contours. If a fixed connection structure or one with only unidirectional rotational freedom is used, the support roof plate 2 is prone to point or line contact when contacting the roof plate, resulting in limited contact area and local stress concentration. This not only fails to provide uniform and effective support pressure but may also damage the support structure itself due to excessive local pressure.

[0025] In this embodiment, when the support top plate 2 is lifted to contact the top plate, it can automatically fine-tune its actual planar shape on the top plate surface. Simultaneously, this adaptive attitude adjustment is entirely passively driven by the reaction force of the support, requiring no manual intervention or additional sensor control, thus exhibiting high reliability. The ball joint connection ensures that the temporary support can quickly establish uniform support under various planar conditions, greatly enhancing the operational stability and flexibility of the device. Furthermore, the inclusion of pressure sensors allows for real-time display of the support pressure at the top, enabling operators to make subsequent adjustments based on on-site readings.

[0026] In one embodiment, the overall structure of the support top plate 2 and the support flap 3 is further refined. Two support top plates 2 and two support flaps 3 are provided, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer cantilever platform 11. The symmetrical structure forms a more balanced support structure.

[0027] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the overall structure of the drive assembly is further refined. The drive assembly is a first hydraulic transmission assembly, which includes a first oil cylinder 4 and a first telescopic shaft. The first oil cylinder 4 is hinged to the outer suspension platform 11, and the end of the first telescopic shaft is hinged to the support flap 3.

[0028] For example, when support is needed, the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is activated, and high-pressure oil enters the lifting chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 4, causing the first telescopic shaft to extend outward. The extension movement of the first telescopic shaft pushes the support flap 3 through its end hinge point, driving the flap to smoothly flip upward until it flips to the preset support position or contacts the top plate. At this time, the support flap 3 changes from the retracted state to the support state. When the flap needs to be retracted, the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is also activated, and high-pressure oil enters the retraction chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 4. The first telescopic shaft retracts, pulling the flap downward, and the support flap 3 changes from the support state to the retracted state. A balance valve and a hydraulic lock can be integrated into the hydraulic system to ensure stable stopping and locking at any position, preventing the flap from accidentally falling due to pipeline rupture or system depressurization, thereby ensuring the absolute safety of the personnel working below.

[0029] In one embodiment, the overall structure of the main frame 1 is further refined. The main frame 1 includes a support section 12, a main body section 13, and a connecting section 14 connected in sequence. The external suspension platform 11 is fixedly mounted on the support section 12, and the connecting section 14 is used to connect the tunneling and anchoring machine. Specifically, the connecting assembly includes a slide rod 51 and a slider 52. The slide rod 51 and the slider 52 are slidably connected, and the slider 52 is fixed to the connecting section 14. A connector is provided at the end of the slide rod 51 for connecting the tunneling and anchoring machine. A second hydraulic transmission assembly is provided on the connecting assembly, which includes a second oil cylinder 53 and a second telescopic shaft 54. The end of the second oil cylinder 53 is hinged to the slide rod 51, and the end of the second telescopic shaft 54 ​​is hinged to the main body section 13.

[0030] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a controller is integrated on the main body section 13, and a distance sensor is installed on the outer suspension platform 11 to measure the distance between the outer suspension platform 11 and the tunneling face. Specifically, during normal operation, the distance sensor continuously monitors the distance between the front end of the outer suspension platform 11 and the tunneling face, and sends the data to the controller in real time; the controller makes a logical judgment based on the preset target value of the roof clearance. When the actual roof clearance is greater than the set value, it is necessary to reduce the roof clearance to strengthen the timely support of the newly exposed roof. The controller then sends a command to the second hydraulic transmission component, causing high-pressure oil to enter the corresponding working chamber of the second cylinder 53. The thrust of the second telescopic shaft 54 ​​drives the main frame 1 and the entire set of temporary support structures, including the support roof plate 2 and the support flap 3, to slide forward relative to the slide bar 51, that is, to move towards the tunnel face, thereby reducing the roof clearance. Conversely, when it is necessary to increase the roof clearance, the controller sends a reverse command, and the hydraulic oil enters the second cylinder 53 in the reverse direction, driving the main frame 1 to retract backward relative to the slide bar 51.

[0031] The retractable design of the second hydraulic transmission component allows the temporary support to move independently of the entire tunneling and anchoring machine. Its position can be adjusted according to the actual situation, achieving adaptive optimization of the gap between the roof and the machine without frequent movement of the large machine body, further improving the flexibility of this temporary support device.

[0032] In this embodiment, specifically, two connecting segments 14 are provided, symmetrically connected to the ends of the main body segment 13. Simultaneously, two second hydraulic transmission components are provided, corresponding to the two connecting segments 14. The two connecting segments 14 are symmetrically connected on both sides of the ends of the main body segment 13, forming a dual-support layout, further optimizing the overall working stability of the temporary support device.

[0033] In one embodiment, more preferably, a spray module 6 is provided on the outer suspended platform 11. Specifically, the spray module 6 includes side nozzles and a central nozzle. There are two side nozzles, which are respectively located on both sides of the outer suspended platform 11, and the central nozzle is located in the middle of the outer suspended platform 11.

[0034] It should be noted that the spatial layout of the nozzles corresponds to the actual protection area of ​​the temporary support device and the dust diffusion path, enabling the spray to achieve full coverage. All three nozzles are connected to the controller. When the controller starts spraying, the continuous action of the spray gradually removes dust from the air in the work area, maintaining visibility. The present invention also provides a tunneling and anchoring integrated machine, including a body, and the airborne temporary support mentioned in the above-mentioned solution. The connecting component is connected to the body, and the externally suspended platform 11 extends outward to form a support structure. Because the airborne temporary support is directly connected to the aircraft body, during normal operations, workers do not need to wait for a separate support trolley to be transported from the rear. Operators can directly control the temporary support from the driver's seat via an integrated controller. The entire joint operation process is derived as follows: When temporary support is required, the operator issues a temporary support command. The second hydraulic transmission component activates first, pushing the main frame 1, along with the external suspended platform 11 and its components, to slide along the slide bar 51 towards the front, precisely adjusting the gap between the support and the top to the preset value. Simultaneously, as shown in the figure, because the main frame 1 is tilted upwards in an external cantilever configuration, the support top plate 2 on the main frame 1 is lifted and gradually makes contact with the support. When the ball-jointed support top plate 2 adaptively fits the top plane, the controller determines whether the support pressure has been established based on feedback from the built-in pressure sensor. Once the pressure is reached, the first hydraulic transmission component activates, driving the left and right support flaps 3 to flip upwards to both sides of the external suspended platform 11 until they contact the top plate above the sides, completing the full-area coverage of the temporary support. Finally, the spray module 6 starts spraying to perform dust suppression.

[0035] Thus, during the window period between the cutting action of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the permanent support action, a solid, comprehensive and clean-air safe working space is quickly constructed. Subsequent permanent support workers can immediately enter the protected area to carry out anchor mesh and anchor bolt operations, realizing parallel or rapid sequential alternation of cutting and support operations.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne temporary support, characterized in that, include: The main frame has connecting components for connecting the tunneling and anchoring machine, and the main frame has an external cantilever platform; A support top plate is provided on top of the externally suspended platform; A support flap is hinged to the main frame and is disposed on the external cantilever platform; A drive assembly is mounted on the main frame and drives the support flap to flip up for support.

2. The airborne temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support top plate is connected to the external suspension platform via a ball joint.

3. The airborne temporary support according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Two of each of the support top plate and the support flap are provided, and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the external suspension platform.

4. The airborne temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly is a first hydraulic transmission assembly, which includes a first oil cylinder and a first telescopic shaft. The first oil cylinder is hinged to the external suspension platform, and the end of the first telescopic shaft is hinged to the support flap.

5. The airborne temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame includes a support section, a main body section, and a connecting section that are connected in sequence. The external suspension platform is fixedly installed on the support section, and the connecting section is used to connect the tunneling and anchoring machine.

6. The airborne temporary support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a slide rod and a slider. The slide rod and the slider are slidably connected. The slider is fixed to the connecting section. The end of the slide rod is provided with a connector for connecting the tunneling and anchoring machine. The connecting assembly is provided with a second hydraulic transmission assembly, which includes a second oil cylinder and a second telescopic shaft. The end of the second oil cylinder is hinged to the slide rod, and the end of the second telescopic shaft is hinged to the main body section.

7. The airborne temporary support according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two connecting segments are provided, and the two connecting segments are symmetrically connected to the ends of the main body segment; The second hydraulic transmission assembly is provided in two parts, corresponding to the two connecting sections.

8. The airborne temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spray module is installed on the external suspended platform.

9. The airborne temporary support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spray module includes side nozzles and a central nozzle. There are two side nozzles, which are respectively located on both sides of the external suspended platform, and the central nozzle is located in the middle of the external suspended platform.

10. A tunneling and anchoring integrated machine, comprising a body, characterized in that, Includes the airborne temporary support as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the connecting assembly is connected to the airframe, and the externally suspended platform extends outward to form a support structure.

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