Automatic cleaning and decarbonizing nozzle for a marine engine

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of fuel injectors and relates to an automatic cleaning and carbon-removing fuel injector for ships. It includes a valve body, with a high-pressure oil passage at the upper part and a high-pressure oil chamber at the lower part. The high-pressure oil passage and the high-pressure oil chamber are connected. A sealing cone surface is provided at the lower end of the high-pressure oil chamber. A nozzle is provided at the lower end of the valve body and is connected to the high-pressure oil chamber. A needle valve is mounted on the axis of the valve body, with its upper part mechanically sealed to the valve body and its lower part inserted into the high-pressure oil chamber. The nozzle has several main nozzles of the same height and tilt angle, and several auxiliary nozzles of the same height and tilt angle. The number of main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles is the same. A main nozzle in any vertical plane is positioned above a corresponding auxiliary nozzle, and the extended axes of the main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles intersect outside the nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuel injectors and relates to a fuel injector for ships that automatically cleans and removes carbon deposits. Background Technology

[0002] Marine engines operate under heavy loads and low speeds for extended periods, and fuel injectors are constantly exposed to high temperatures. Unstable components in the fuel easily form carbon deposits on the inner walls of the nozzles and the surfaces of the needle valve assembly. Carbon buildup can lead to nozzle blockage, poor atomization, increased fuel consumption, insufficient power, and worsened emissions. In severe cases, it can even cause needle valve jamming and engine misfires. Existing technologies for solving carbon buildup problems mainly include: (1) regular disassembly and cleaning, but marine engines are difficult to disassemble due to their limited space. This is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and affects operations; (2) fuel additives, which have limited effectiveness and increase costs.

[0003] Multiple fuel injections from the injector are beneficial to engine performance. Pre-injection reduces combustion noise, improves cold starts, reduces NOx emissions, and reduces harsh combustion. Post-injection fuel does not participate in the main combustion but helps to increase exhaust temperature, achieving the temperature required for the DPF (Discharge Processing Unit) to actively regenerate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an automatic cleaning fuel injector for ships to remove carbon deposits.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an automatic cleaning and carbon-removing fuel injector for ships, comprising a valve body, a high-pressure oil passage provided at the upper part of the valve body, and a high-pressure oil chamber provided at the lower part of the valve body, the high-pressure oil passage being connected to the high-pressure oil chamber, a sealing cone surface provided at the lower end of the high-pressure oil chamber, a nozzle provided at the lower end of the valve body, the nozzle being connected to the high-pressure oil chamber, a needle valve provided on the axis of the valve body, the upper part of the needle valve being mechanically sealed to the valve body, the lower part of the needle valve being inserted into the high-pressure oil chamber, and a plurality of main nozzles of the same height and the same inclination angle provided on the nozzle, as well as a plurality of auxiliary nozzles of the same height and the same inclination angle, the number of main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles being the same, a main nozzle in any vertical plane being positioned above the corresponding auxiliary nozzle, and the extended axes of the main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles intersecting outside the nozzle.

[0006] Preferably, the main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the nozzle axis.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the main nozzle is several times the diameter of the auxiliary nozzle.

[0008] Preferably, the auxiliary nozzles are divided into primary nozzles, secondary nozzles, and tertiary nozzles from the inside out, with the diameters of the primary nozzles, secondary nozzles, and tertiary nozzles gradually increasing.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the three-stage nozzles gradually increases from the inside to the outside.

[0010] Preferably, the upper diameter of the needle valve is larger than the lower diameter.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention uses cross-spraying of oil from the main and auxiliary nozzles, combined with subsequent oil spraying from the auxiliary nozzles to flush away carbon deposits around the main nozzles and subsequent oil spraying to burn and clean carbon deposits. This continuously removes carbon deposits from the main nozzles, preventing blockages and eliminating the need for manual disassembly and cleaning of the engine, thereby reducing the number of maintenance operations and maintenance costs.

[0012] The auxiliary nozzle of this invention delays fuel injection by a small amount, which can increase exhaust temperature, benefit the operation of the ship engine exhaust system, optimize combustion, and reduce harmful emissions. Furthermore, the main nozzle has a larger diameter and is responsible for the main fuel injection and power output, while the auxiliary nozzle has a small fuel volume and does not interfere with the main combustion. The auxiliary nozzle adopts a multi-stage gradually expanding structure to achieve fuel deceleration and diffusion, thereby increasing the flushing coverage area while limiting the fuel injection volume. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic cleaning and carbon-depositing fuel injector for ships; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary nozzle structure.

[0015] In the above figures, 1. Valve body; 11. High-pressure oil passage; 12. High-pressure oil chamber; 13. Sealing cone surface; 14. Nozzle; 141. Main nozzle; 142. Auxiliary nozzle; 1421. Primary nozzle; 1422. Secondary nozzle; 1423. Tertiary nozzle; 2. Needle valve. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0017] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a marine automatic cleaning and carbon-depositing fuel injector, generally referring to a fuel injector, includes a valve body 1. The upper part of the valve body 1 has a high-pressure oil passage 11, and the lower part has a high-pressure oil chamber 12. The high-pressure oil passage 11 communicates with the high-pressure oil chamber 12. A sealing cone surface 13 is provided at the lower end of the high-pressure oil chamber 12. A nozzle 14 is provided at the lower end of the valve body 1, communicating with the high-pressure oil chamber 12. A needle valve 2 is mounted on the axis of the valve body 1. The upper part of the needle valve 2 is mechanically sealed to the valve body 1, and the lower part of the needle valve 2 is inserted into the high-pressure oil chamber 12. An actuating component drives the needle valve 2 to move up and down, thereby blocking / opening the passage between the high-pressure oil chamber 12 and the nozzle 14.

[0019] To achieve automatic carbon removal, this invention provides several main nozzles 141 of equal height and tilt angle on the arc-shaped side surface at the end of the nozzle 14, and several auxiliary nozzles 142 of equal height and tilt angle. The number of main nozzles 141 and auxiliary nozzles 142 is the same. Any main nozzle 141 in a vertical plane is positioned above the corresponding auxiliary nozzle 142, and the extended axes of the main nozzles 141 and auxiliary nozzles 142 intersect outside the nozzle 14. When high-pressure oil enters the nozzle 14, the oil sprayed from the main nozzles 141 is used for primary combustion, while the oil sprayed from the auxiliary nozzles 142 is used to increase exhaust temperature and flush the area around the main nozzles 141.

[0020] The principle of this invention for automatically removing carbon deposits around the main nozzle 141 is as follows: the main nozzle 141 and the auxiliary nozzle 142 form a cross-spraying mechanism, and because the side of the nozzle 14 is arc-shaped and the auxiliary nozzle 142 is located below the main nozzle 141, the oil sprayed from the auxiliary nozzle 142 can flush the area around the main nozzle 141.

[0021] Furthermore, several main injection holes 141 and auxiliary injection holes 142 are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the axis of the nozzle 14. Furthermore, the diameter of the main injection hole 141 is several times the diameter of the auxiliary injection hole 142. Therefore, when the needle valve 2 blocks the passage between the high-pressure oil chamber 12 and the nozzle 14, the main injection hole 141 quickly ends its injection. The auxiliary injection hole 142, being located below the nozzle 14 and having a smaller diameter, ends its injection later than the main injection hole 141, and the amount of fuel injected is insufficient to affect the main combustion. This results in the effect of post-injection, increasing the exhaust temperature. After each injection by the main injection hole 141, the area around it is flushed, and this small amount of fuel is burned to remove carbon deposits around the main injection hole 141. Furthermore, the auxiliary nozzle 142 is divided into a primary nozzle 1421, a secondary nozzle 1422, and a tertiary nozzle 1423 from the inside to the outside of the nozzle 14. The diameters of the primary nozzle 1421, secondary nozzle 1422, and tertiary nozzle 1423 gradually increase. The diameter of the tertiary nozzle 1423 gradually increases along the direction from the inside to the outside of the nozzle 14, causing the oil passing through the auxiliary nozzle 142 to gradually slow down and diffuse outwards. This allows for a wider range of oil spraying while limiting the amount of oil sprayed, facilitating the flushing around the main nozzle 141. Furthermore, the upper diameter of the needle valve 2 is larger than its lower diameter.

[0022] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine automatic cleaning and carbon deposit removal fuel injector, comprising a valve body, wherein a high-pressure oil passage is provided in the upper part of the valve body, and a high-pressure oil chamber is provided in the lower part of the valve body, the high-pressure oil passage communicating with the high-pressure oil chamber, a sealing cone surface is provided at the lower end of the high-pressure oil chamber, a nozzle is provided at the lower end of the valve body, the nozzle communicating with the high-pressure oil chamber, a needle valve is provided on the axis of the valve body, the upper part of the needle valve is mechanically sealed to the valve body, and the lower part of the needle valve is inserted into the high-pressure oil chamber, characterized in that... The nozzle is provided with several main nozzles of the same height and tilt angle, and several auxiliary nozzles of the same height and tilt angle. The number of main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles is the same. A main nozzle in any vertical plane is located above the corresponding auxiliary nozzle, and the extended axes of the main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles intersect outside the nozzle.

2. The marine automatic cleaning and carbon deposit removal fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several main nozzles and auxiliary nozzles are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the nozzle axis.

3. The marine automatic cleaning and carbon deposit removal fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the main nozzle is several times the diameter of the auxiliary nozzle.

4. The marine automatic cleaning and carbon deposit removal fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary nozzles are divided into primary nozzles, secondary nozzles, and tertiary nozzles from the inside out, with the diameters of the primary nozzles, secondary nozzles, and tertiary nozzles gradually increasing.

5. A marine automatic cleaning and carbon deposit removal fuel injector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the three-stage nozzles gradually increases from the inside to the outside.

6. A marine fuel injector with automatic cleaning and carbon deposit removal function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper diameter of the needle valve is larger than the lower diameter.

Images