Portable multifunctional plant leaf collecting and observing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a portable, multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device, comprising a collection module, a fixing module, an observation module, and a control module integrated via a detachable connection interface. The collection module includes a telescopic arm and a cutting mechanism at its end, the cutting mechanism consisting of a spring-driven stainless steel blade for cutting plant leaves. The fixing module includes a stage and a negative pressure adsorption system connected to the stage for adsorbing and fixing the collected leaves onto the stage surface. The observation module includes a microscope imaging system and a supplementary lighting unit for microscopic observation and image acquisition of the leaves fixed on the stage. The control module includes a microprocessor, a touch screen display, and a power supply. This device, through modular integrated design, integrates collection, non-destructive fixing, and real-time microscopic observation functions, significantly improving portability, efficiency, and environmental adaptability for field operations, while reducing operational complexity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of agriculture, forestry, horticulture and plant protection, and specifically to a portable, multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device for field operations. Background Technology

[0002] Current plant leaf collection technology can be divided into two main categories: manual tools and automated collection equipment.

[0003] Manual tools such as pruning shears and net bags rely on manpower to complete the process, resulting in low collection efficiency per unit time (≤0.8 leaves / minute) and excessive labor intensity for operators (≥60W / person). Automated collection equipment, such as electric collectors, achieves semi-automatic operation through robotic arms and cutting blades, but their overall structural dimensions (length × width × height ≥450 × 200 × 300 mm) and system weight (generally >5 kg) significantly reduce portability in the field. In the leaf fixation stage, while existing technologies using crystal mud adhesion and net bag collection devices can alleviate leaf curling, they cannot simultaneously meet the technical requirements of rapid collection (≤15 seconds / leaf) and immediate microscopic observation (40-400x resolution) in complex field environments (such as drastic temperature and humidity fluctuations and rugged terrain). Furthermore, the lack of collaborative design between functional modules has prevented the realization of an integrated collection-fixation-observation process.

[0004] The dilemma of balancing portability and collection efficiency manifests itself in the following ways: manual tools, such as high-pole shears, require operators to climb or lift objects. Based on the research group's field measurement data in 2024, the average effective collection volume per person per day is only 482±36 pieces, and the risk of falling from heights is 0.3 times / thousand hours. Automated equipment, such as a certain model of electric data acquisition instrument (model EP-3000), weighs 7.2kg. When carried on a backpack, the movement speed is reduced by 40% in mountainous terrain, and the built-in 2000mAh lithium battery only supports 2.5±0.3 hours of continuous operation.

[0005] The lack of modular functionality is a prominent issue: most existing collection tools are designed for a single function, only capable of cutting or collecting. Fixing requires additional wooden specimen clips (approximately 1.5 kg) and plastic preservation boxes (approximately 0.8 kg). Microscopic observation requires carrying a 10× magnifying glass (0.2 kg) or a portable microscope (1.2 kg), resulting in a total load of over 8 kg for fieldwork equipment. According to ergonomic studies, this load reduces the average daily movement distance of workers by 30%.

[0006] The lack of environmental adaptability is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the crystal mud adhesive layer melts and fails within 2 hours in an environment above 35℃, and hardens and becomes brittle in a low-temperature environment below 0℃, resulting in a leaf drop rate of up to 25%; the mesh bag collection method causes the leaves to be squeezed and broken by each other, with a breakage rate of up to 15%, and the leaves cannot maintain their natural posture. They need to be sorted a second time before they can be observed under a microscope, and the preparation time for a single sample is as long as 12-15 minutes (including flattening and position calibration steps).

[0007] The high complexity of operation and learning cost restricts the promotion of the technology: the electric data acquisition device requires 2 hours of professional training to master the calibration of the robotic arm (error allowable range ±0.5mm) and the setting of cutting parameters (depth adjustable from 1-5mm); after one hour of continuous operation with manual tools, electromyography signal detection shows that the operator's muscle fatigue increased by 40%, resulting in a cut deviation of more than 2mm. The first-time operation pass rate for non-professionals is only 58% (based on actual test data of 100 people).

[0008] 1. The dilemma of balancing portability and collection efficiency manifests itself in the following ways: manual tools, such as high-pole shears, require operators to climb or lift objects. Based on the research group's field measurement data in 2024, the average effective collection volume per person per day is only 482±36 pieces, and the risk of falling from heights is 0.3 times / thousand hours. Automated equipment, such as a certain model of electric data acquisition instrument (model EP-3000), weighs 7.2kg. When carried on a backpack, the movement speed is reduced by 40% in mountainous terrain, and the built-in 2000mAh lithium battery only supports 2.5±0.3 hours of continuous operation.

[0009] 2. The lack of modular functionality is a prominent issue: Most existing collection tools are designed for a single function, only capable of cutting or collecting. The fixation process requires additional wooden specimen clips (approximately 1.5 kg) and plastic preservation boxes (approximately 0.8 kg). Microscopic observation requires carrying a 10× magnifying glass (0.2 kg) or a portable microscope (1.2 kg), resulting in a total load of over 8 kg for fieldwork equipment. According to ergonomic studies, under this load condition, the average daily movement distance of workers is reduced by 30%.

[0010] 3. Insufficient environmental adaptability is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the crystal mud adhesion and fixation layer melts and fails within 2 hours in an environment above 35℃, and hardens and becomes brittle in a low-temperature environment below 0℃, resulting in a leaf drop rate of up to 25%; the mesh bag collection method causes the leaves to be squeezed and broken by each other, with a breakage rate of up to 15%, and the leaves cannot maintain their natural posture. They need to be sorted a second time before they can be observed under a microscope, and the preparation time for a single sample is as long as 12-15 minutes (including flattening and position calibration steps).

[0011] 4. High operational complexity and learning costs hinder technology promotion: Electric data acquisition devices require 2 hours of professional training to master robotic arm calibration (error tolerance ±0.5mm) and cutting parameter settings (depth adjustable from 1-5mm); after 1 hour of continuous operation with manual tools, electromyography signal detection shows that the operator's muscle fatigue increased by 40%, resulting in incision deviation exceeding 2mm. The first-time operation pass rate for non-professionals is only 58% (based on actual test data from 100 people). Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art and provide a portable, multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device. This device, through a modular integrated design, combines collection, non-destructive fixation, and real-time microscopic observation functions, significantly improving the portability, efficiency, and environmental adaptability of field operations while reducing operational complexity.

[0013] A portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device includes a collection module, a fixing module, an observation module, and a control module integrated through a detachable connection interface; The acquisition module includes a telescopic arm and a cutting mechanism at its end. The cutting mechanism is composed of a spring-driven stainless steel blade and is used to cut plant leaves. The fixing module includes a stage and a negative pressure adsorption system connected to the stage, used to adsorb and fix the collected leaves onto the surface of the stage. The observation module includes a microscope imaging system and a supplementary lighting unit, which are used to perform microscopic observation and image acquisition on the blades fixed on the stage. The control module includes a microprocessor, a touch screen, and a power supply, and is used to control the coordinated operation of the acquisition module, the fixing module, and the observation module.

[0014] Preferably, the detachable connection interface is a military-grade snap-fit ​​interface. The acquisition module, fixing module, observation module and control module can achieve bidirectional and rapid mechanical and electrical connection and separation through the military-grade snap-fit ​​interface, and the weight of the whole device does not exceed 1.5kg.

[0015] Preferably, the acquisition module includes a telescopic arm and a cutting mechanism disposed at its end; The telescopic arm is a multi-section telescopic structure and has a dual-joint damping adjustment mechanism to achieve adjustment of the working angle and radius; The cutting mechanism includes a drive spring and a cutting blade driven by the drive spring. The drive spring is a piano wire spring, and the cutting blade is a stainless steel blade.

[0016] Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the piano wire spring is 1.2 N / mm, the stainless steel blade is made of 304 stainless steel, and its cutting edge surface roughness Ra≤0.4μm; the cutting mechanism is configured to generate an impact force of 3-5N, and the single cutting cycle is ≤0.3 seconds.

[0017] Preferably, the fixing module includes a stage, a miniature vacuum pump, and connecting pipes; The miniature vacuum pump is connected to the stage through the connecting pipe to form a negative pressure adsorption zone on the surface of the stage for adsorbing and fixing the blades. The surface of the stage is provided with a flexible buffer pad.

[0018] Preferably, the micro vacuum pump is a micro diaphragm vacuum pump with a pumping rate of 2L / min; the stage is made of acrylic material with a light transmittance of ≥92%; the flexible buffer pad is a medical-grade silicone pad; and the negative pressure adsorption zone is a gradient negative pressure field of -0.03 to -0.08MPa.

[0019] Preferably, the observation module includes a microscope imaging unit and a supplementary lighting unit; The microscope imaging unit includes an image sensor, an optical lens group, and a zoom drive mechanism, which can achieve continuous optical zoom. The supplementary lighting unit is a multi-color temperature adjustable LED supplementary light.

[0020] Preferably, the zoom range of the microscope imaging unit is 10-400x, the image sensor is a CMOS sensor, and the LED fill light is a tri-color LED array with an adjustable color temperature between 3000K, 5500K, and 7000K, and an illuminance range of 0-1200 lux.

[0021] Preferably, the control module includes a microprocessor, a human-machine interface, and a built-in battery; The microprocessor is used to control the coordinated operation of the acquisition module, the fixing module, and the observation module; The human-computer interaction interface is a touch screen, used for parameter setting and function control; The built-in battery is a lithium polymer battery with a capacity of 10000mAh / 3.7V.

[0022] Preferably, the device has an environmentally adaptable design, including a sealed structure with an IP65 protection rating and electronic components selected to withstand a temperature range of -40 to 125°C; the microprocessor is an STM32H743 with a main frequency of 480MHz.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Highly portable and efficient operation: The machine weighs ≤1.5kg, which is nearly 80% lighter than traditional electric equipment, and the speed of movement in mountainous areas is increased by 67%. The integrated design enables an average daily blade collection of up to 1200 blades, which is about 140% higher than manual tools, and eliminates the risks of working at heights.

[0024] 2. Integrated Functionality: Through modular design, tasks that previously required multiple tools (total weight exceeding 8kg) are integrated into a single lightweight device, reducing the workload of operators by 81%, with module switching time ≤30 seconds, significantly improving work continuity.

[0025] 3. Excellent environmental adaptability and sample protection: The negative pressure adsorption fixation technology overcomes the failure problem of traditional methods at extreme temperatures (-40~125℃), with a leaf shedding rate of <2%. The flexible silicone pad and chamfered design control the leaf breakage rate to below 3% and shorten the sample preparation time from the traditional 12-15 minutes to about 3 minutes.

[0026] 4. Intelligent and Simple Operation: The touchscreen interaction and parameter preset function reduce equipment training time from 2 hours to 15 minutes. The ergonomic handle design increases muscle fatigue by only 12% after 3 hours of continuous operation (compared to 40% with traditional tools), and improves the first-time operation pass rate for non-professionals to 92%.

[0027] 5. Long battery life and high reliability: The high-capacity battery provides industry-leading battery life. IP65 protection and wide temperature range design ensure reliability in harsh outdoor environments such as sandstorms and rain, with a mean time between failures (MTBF) of 500 hours, and has passed ISTA3A transport testing. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the collection module in the plant leaf collection and observation device.

[0029] Figure 2 The diagram shows the mechanical structure design of the negative pressure adsorption power source and the stage in the fixed module.

[0030] Figure 3 The diagram shows the mechanical structure of the core component of the observation module—the integrated microscopic imaging unit.

[0031] Figure 4 The diagram shows the internal hardware structure and core component layout of the control module. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: The following embodiments are provided to better understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods.

[0033] Example 1 The technical solution of the present invention: This invention adopts a modular collaborative design, and constructs an integrated "acquisition-fixing-observation" operation system by organically integrating the acquisition module, fixing module, observation module and control module. The modules achieve two-way mechanical and electrical collaboration through military-grade snap-fit ​​interfaces, which solves the core problems of insufficient portability, scattered functions and complex operation in the prior art.

[0034] 1. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the collection module in the plant leaf collection and observation device. The collection module adopts a biomimetic cutting mechanism design: the blade is made of 304 stainless steel (0.8mm thick), and the cutting edge is treated with a composite process of laser cutting and electrolytic polishing (surface roughness Ra≤0.4μm). Combined with a 0.5mm piano wire spring drive system (elastic coefficient 1.2N / mm), it achieves a single cutting cycle of ≤0.3 seconds, with impact force precisely controlled within the range of 3-5N, effectively reducing leaf tissue damage rate. The collection arm adopts a five-section telescopic structure made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Through a dual-joint damping adjustment mechanism (0-90° stepless adjustment, 1° increment), it achieves a working radius coverage of 30-120cm. Each section has a locking strength ≥50N. The ergonomic rubber handle at the end (32mm diameter) has been verified through 100 person-times of grip testing, reducing operator fatigue by 27% and resolving the contradiction between the risks and low efficiency of traditional tools for high-altitude operations.

[0035] 2. Figure 2 The display shows the mechanical structure design of the negative pressure adsorption power source and stage in the fixing module. This is the core physical carrier for achieving the "non-destructive adsorption fixing" function. The fixing module innovatively adopts a negative pressure adsorption-flexible buffer composite fixing technology: integrating a KNF NMP830 micro diaphragm vacuum pump (5W power, pumping speed 2L / min), constructing a gradient negative pressure adsorption chamber from -0.03 to -0.08MPa through a φ6mm PTFE pipeline, combined with a 3mm thick acrylic stage (transmittance ≥92%) and a 2mm medical-grade silicone pad (Shore hardness 40±5A, coefficient of friction 0.6-0.8), achieving non-destructive fixing of the leaf. The 2mm rounded corner treatment of the stage edge and the microstructure design of the silicone pad work synergistically to control the leaf breakage rate to below 3%, solving the technical bottlenecks of traditional crystal mud fixing failing in environments from -40 to 125℃ (25% detachment rate) and high breakage rate (15%) in mesh bag collection.

[0036] 3. Observation module constructs a multispectral microscopic imaging system: Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the integrated micro-imaging unit, the core component of the observation module. It integrates a Sony IMX250 CMOS sensor (2048×1536 resolution, 60dB dynamic range) and 4 sets of 6-element achromatic optical system (NA=0.3, distortion rate <1%), and is driven by a micro stepper motor with 1.8° step angle (accuracy ±0.001mm) to achieve 10-400 times continuous zoom. The three-primary-color LED light-compensating unit (24 pieces in 0805 package, adjustable color temperature of 3000K / 5500K / 7000K, illuminance of 0-1200lux) cooperates with the IP54 dust-proof structure, which enables real-time observation of leaf microstructure in field environments, and reduces the sample preparation time by 75% compared with traditional tools (from 12-15 minutes to 3 minutes).

[0037] 4. The control module adopts an intelligent collaborative control architecture: Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal hardware structure and core component layout of the control module. As the "brain" of the entire device, it is responsible for collaborative control and energy management of each module. With the STM32H743 microprocessor (main frequency 480MHz, 128KB L1 cache) as the core, multi-parameter linkage adjustment is realized through a 5-inch IPS touch screen (1280×720 resolution, 500cd / m² brightness), and supports precise control of cutting depth (0.5-3mm, step 0.1mm) and adsorption pressure (3-8kPa, 6 levels). A 10000mAh / 3.7V lithium polymer battery (cycle life ≥500 times) provides 8 hours of observation mode / 5 hours of continuous collection endurance, which is 167% higher than that of traditional equipment. Each module is quickly assembled through ITT VEAM series snap-fit interfaces (plugging and unplugging life ≥5000 times, contact resistance <20mΩ). The fluororubber waterproof rubber ring (IP65 protection) and the selection of components resistant to temperature from -40 to 125°C ensure reliable operation in complex field environments. The overall device (280×120×85mm, ≤1.5kg) has passed the ISTA 3A transportation standard verification, which solves the problems of single function and insufficient environmental adaptability of existing equipment.

[0038] Example 2 Description of the principle of core technology: The present invention innovatively adopts modular collaborative design and multi-physics field coupling control technology to construct an integrated "collection-fixation-observation" operation system. During the research and development process, the team broke through the limitation of function separation of traditional equipment, realized the organic collaboration of three modules through interdisciplinary technology integration, and the core technical principles are as follows: 1. Bionic cutting and precise power transmission mechanism The power system of the acquisition module is inspired by the efficient cutting characteristics of locust mouthparts. The design team innovatively developed a spring-driven impact cutting mechanism: using a 0.5mm piano wire spring (elastic coefficient 1.2N / mm) as the power source, it has been verified through 200 impact tests that it can stably store and release 3-5N impact force. This force is transmitted through a 304 stainless steel blade (cutting edge Ra≤0.4μm), achieving a cutting cycle of ≤0.3 seconds per cut. Notably, the five-section telescopic arm (6061-T6 aluminum alloy) adopts a dual-joint damping adjustment design (0-90° stepless adjustment), combined with a mechanical limit device, which not only meets the working radius requirements of 30-120cm, but also completely eliminates the risk of falls from heights. Actual tests show that this precise matching of impact force and cutting cycle (3-5N / ≤0.3 seconds) keeps the blade tissue damage rate within 0.1mm, effectively solving the industry pain point of traditional tools struggling to balance efficiency and safety.

[0039] 2. Gradient negative pressure adsorption and flexible fixation technology To address the failure problem of traditional crystal clay fixation under extreme temperature and humidity environments (with a detachment rate often exceeding 15% at temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C), the inventors proposed a gradient negative pressure-flexible buffer composite fixation scheme. This system utilizes a KNF NMP830 miniature diaphragm vacuum pump (pumping speed 2L / min) to construct a gradient negative pressure field of -0.03 to -0.08 MPa on the surface of an acrylic stage (transmittance ≥92%) via a φ6mm PTFE tubing. A specially designed 2mm medical-grade silicone pad (Shore hardness 40±5A) with a surface microstructure (friction coefficient 0.6-0.8) synergistically works with the 2mm rounded edge of the stage, keeping the leaf breakage rate below 3%. In field tests in Turpan, Xinjiang (high temperature) and Mohe, Heilongjiang (low temperature), the detachment rate of this fixation system was less than 2%, significantly superior to traditional methods.

[0040] 3. Multispectral microscopy imaging and intelligent light control system The optical design of the observation module breaks through the size limitations of traditional microscopes, integrating a Sony IMX250 CMOS sensor (2048×1536 resolution) and a 4-group, 6-element achromatic optical system (NA=0.3). It achieves 10-400x continuous zoom via a 1.8° stepper motor (accuracy ±0.001mm). During field operations, a three-primary-color LED illumination unit (adjustable color temperature 3000K / 5500K / 7000K) provides 0-1200 lux illumination compensation, and its IP54 dustproof structure effectively copes with complex environments. Our tests in the Xishuangbanna rainforest of Yunnan Province showed that the STM32H743 microprocessor (480MHz clock speed) can process image data in real time, supports JPEG format storage and 4x digital zoom annotation, reducing sample preparation time from 12-15 minutes with traditional tools to 3 minutes, improving efficiency by 75%.

[0041] 4. Modular collaborative and environmentally adaptable design Inter-module coordination is a key challenge in system integration. The R&D team selected ITT VEAM military-grade snap-fit ​​interfaces (insertion and removal life ≥5000 cycles, contact resistance <20mΩ) to achieve bidirectional mechanical and electrical communication, and used fluororubber waterproof rings (IP65 protection) to build a reliable connection. Component selection took special consideration into account extreme environmental adaptability, with a temperature range of -40 to 125℃ covering the main climate zones of my country. The control module is based on the STM32H743, and uses a 5-inch IPS touch screen to achieve linked adjustment of parameters such as cutting depth (0.5-3mm) and adsorption pressure (3-8kPa). The low-power management design of the 10000mAh lithium polymer battery enables the device to support 8 hours of observation mode / 5 hours of continuous data acquisition, ultimately building a lightweight, long-endurance system weighing ≤1.5kg, which has passed ISTA 3A transportation standard verification.

[0042] Example 3 Key data verification sources: To ensure the scientific validity and reliability of the device's core performance indicators, the research team, in collaboration with a third-party testing institution, established a multi-dimensional verification system. The specific testing plan and data derivation process are as follows: 1. Leaf damage rate (≤3%) verification: To address the technical challenge of high tissue damage rates during plant leaf collection, three typical leaf types were selected for comparative testing. Test conditions: Sample selection followed the "Standard for Leaf Sample Collection in Botanical Research" (GB / T 35436-2017), covering three types: Ginkgo (leathery leaves, thickness 0.3±0.05mm), wheat (papery leaves, thickness 0.1±0.02mm), and rose (velvety leaves, surface pubescence density 120±15 roots / mm²), with 100 samples of each type. Environmental parameters were controlled using a constant temperature and humidity chamber (model BPS-50CL), set at 25±2℃ and 50±5%RH, simulating a typical field working environment in temperate regions. The test procedure strictly followed the device operation manual (No. SOP-2025-001), and was performed by 5 trained operators in rotation to avoid fatigue errors.

[0043] Calculation method: The damage rate was calculated using the formula R = (Nd / Nt) × 100%, where Nd is the number of leaves with tissue tears (length > 1 mm), indentations (depth > 0.2 mm), or perforations (diameter > 0.5 mm), and Nt is the total number of tested leaves. The judgment criteria referenced the "Classification of Damage Grades for Plant Samples" (NY / T 2936-2016) and were double-blindly reviewed by two plant pathology experts. Tested by the National Institute of Metrology (CNAS certification number L20250610, report number CMA-2025-1489), the damage rates for the three groups of samples were 2.1% (Ginkgo), 2.5% (wheat), and 2.3% (rose), with a weighted average of 2.3%.

[0044] 2. Battery life (8-hour observation mode / 5-hour continuous data acquisition) verification: Based on the requirement of a 10-hour working window for field operations, a dual-mode battery life test scheme was designed. Test conditions: The power system uses a 10000mAh / 3.7V lithium polymer battery (model LP105480, conforming to standard GB / T 18287-2013), which was activated by three charge-discharge cycles (0.5C charge / 1C discharge) before testing. The ambient temperature was controlled at 25±1℃ (fluctuating by ±0.5℃), and power consumption was monitored in real time using a FLUKE 1735 power analyzer.

[0045] - Observation Mode: Simulates the observation scenario of plant microstructure, with the microscope set to 10x optical zoom (NA=0.3), LED supplemental light of 500±50 lux (color temperature 5500K), and a 5-inch IPS screen (brightness 300cd / m²) constantly on. Every 30 minutes, it stores one 2048×1536 resolution JPEG image (compression ratio 1:8) via USB 3.0 interface. - Continuous acquisition mode: Simulates high-intensity work scenarios, operating in a cyclical process of cutting (3N impact force, 0.3 seconds / time) → negative pressure fixation (-0.05MPa, lasting 10 seconds) → 400x imaging (exposure time 200ms), completing one work cycle every 2 minutes, during which the display screen maintains 30% brightness.

[0046] Calculation method: Total battery energy E = U × C = 3.7V × 10Ah = 37Wh (actual capacity 9.82Ah, E = 36.33Wh). Average power consumption over 2 hours was recorded using a power analyzer: Observation mode Pobs = 4.6 ± 0.2W, battery life Tobs = E / Pobs = 36.33 / 4.6 ≈ 7.9h (actual measurement 8.04h); Continuous acquisition mode Pcol = 7.4 ± 0.3W, battery life Tcol = 36.33 / 7.4 ≈ 4.9h (actual measurement 5.00h). Test data were reviewed by the China CEPREI Laboratory (Fifth Research Institute of Electronics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Report No. CEPREI-2025-S-0782) and meet the requirements of the "Portable Electronic Device Battery Life Test Specification" (SJ / T 11729-2018).

[0047] Example 4 The working process of this device is as follows: 1. The data acquisition phase employs a human-machine collaborative positioning mechanism: the operator uses a 6061-T6 aluminum alloy five-section telescopic arm (30-120cm stepless adjustment) and a double-joint damping structure (0-90° adjustment, 1° increment) to achieve precise positioning of the target blade (error ≤5mm). The 32mm diameter rubber anti-slip handle at the end is ergonomically optimized to reduce grip fatigue by 27%. After triggering the cutting command, a 0.5mm piano wire spring drive system (elastic coefficient 1.2N / mm) drives a 304 stainless steel blade (thickness 0.8mm, cutting edge Ra≤0.4μm) to complete the cutting action. Through an impact force of 3-5N and a cutting cycle of ≤0.3 seconds / cut, the cut flatness is ensured to be ≤0.1mm, solving the problems of low cutting efficiency and high-altitude operation risks associated with traditional tools.

[0048] 2. Coordinated Control of Blade Transfer and Fixation: After cutting, the blade slides into the fixing module via a 45° inclined PTFE guide groove (inner wall Ra≤0.8μm). This triggers a KNF NMP830 miniature diaphragm vacuum pump (pumping rate 2L / min) to establish a gradient negative pressure field from -0.03 to -0.08MPa within 0.5 seconds. The blade is then smoothly adsorbed onto the surface of an acrylic stage (80×60mm, light transmittance ≥92%) through a φ6mm piping system. The medical-grade silicone pad (Shore hardness 40±5A, coefficient of friction 0.6-0.8) and the R=2mm rounded edge design work together to achieve a positioning accuracy of ±0.5mm while controlling the blade breakage rate to below 3%, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional fixing methods in terms of environmental adaptability.

[0049] 3. Intelligent Control of the Microscopic Observation System: After activating the observation mode via a 5-inch IPS touchscreen display (1280×720 resolution, 500cd / m² brightness), the STM32H743 microprocessor (480MHz clock speed) drives the Sony IMX250 CMOS sensor (2048×1536 resolution, 60dB dynamic range) and four groups of six achromatic optical systems to work together. A 1.8° stepper motor (accuracy ±0.001mm) enables 10-400x continuous zoom. 24 0805-packaged tri-color LED illumination units (3000K / 5500K / 7000K adjustable, illuminance 0-1200lux, Ra≥90) provide ambient light compensation, supporting real-time storage of JPEG format images (compression ratio 1:8) and 4x digital zoom annotation, reducing sample preparation time by 75% compared to traditional tools.

[0050] 4. System Reset and Data Management: After observation, the touch interface triggers the automatic depressurization of the vacuum valve (<0.3 seconds) and the vacuum pump shutdown procedure, enabling non-destructive removal of the blades. The control module synchronously updates the acquisition count (cumulative ≤9999 pieces) and battery status (accuracy ±5%). The ITT VEAM series military-grade snap-fit ​​interface (insertion / removal life ≥5000 cycles, contact resistance <20mΩ) ensures coordinated module operation. IP65 protection (fluororubber waterproof ring) and a temperature resistance design from -40 to 125℃ ensure reliability in field environments. The lightweight 1.5kg structure (including a 10000mAh / 3.7V lithium polymer battery) provides 8 hours of continuous operation in observation mode, constructing an integrated "acquisition-fixing-observation" closed-loop operation, effectively solving the core problems of poor portability, fragmented functions, and complex operation in existing technologies.

[0051] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable, multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module, a mounting module, an observation module, and a control module integrated via a detachable connection interface; The acquisition module includes a telescopic arm and a cutting mechanism at its end. The cutting mechanism is composed of a spring-driven stainless steel blade and is used to cut plant leaves. The fixing module includes a stage and a negative pressure adsorption system connected to the stage, used to adsorb and fix the collected leaves onto the surface of the stage. The observation module includes a microscope imaging system and a supplementary lighting unit, which are used to perform microscopic observation and image acquisition on the blades fixed on the stage. The control module includes a microprocessor, a touch screen, and a power supply, and is used to control the coordinated operation of the acquisition module, the fixing module, and the observation module.

2. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable connection interface is a military-grade snap-fit ​​interface. The acquisition module, fixing module, observation module and control module achieve bidirectional and rapid mechanical and electrical connection and separation through the military-grade snap-fit ​​interface. The weight of the entire device does not exceed 1.5kg.

3. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes a telescopic arm and a cutting mechanism located at its end; The telescopic arm is a multi-section telescopic structure and has a dual-joint damping adjustment mechanism to achieve adjustment of the working angle and radius; The cutting mechanism includes a drive spring and a cutting blade driven by the drive spring. The drive spring is a piano wire spring, and the cutting blade is a stainless steel blade.

4. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic coefficient of the piano wire spring is 1.2 N / mm, the stainless steel blade is made of 304 stainless steel, and its cutting edge surface roughness Ra≤0.4μm; the cutting mechanism is configured to generate an impact force of 3-5N and a single cutting cycle of ≤0.3 seconds.

5. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fixing module includes a stage, a miniature vacuum pump, and connecting pipes; The miniature vacuum pump is connected to the stage through the connecting pipe to form a negative pressure adsorption zone on the surface of the stage for adsorbing and fixing the blades. The surface of the stage is provided with a flexible buffer pad.

6. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The micro vacuum pump is a micro diaphragm vacuum pump with a pumping rate of 2L / min; the stage is made of acrylic material with a light transmittance of ≥92%; the flexible buffer pad is a medical-grade silicone pad; and the negative pressure adsorption zone is a gradient negative pressure field from -0.03 to -0.08MPa.

7. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The observation module includes a microscope imaging unit and a supplementary lighting unit; The microscope imaging unit includes an image sensor, an optical lens group, and a zoom drive mechanism, which can achieve continuous optical zoom. The supplementary lighting unit is a multi-color temperature adjustable LED supplementary light.

8. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The microscope imaging unit has a zoom range of 10-400x, and the image sensor is a CMOS sensor; the LED fill light is a tri-color LED array, whose color temperature can be adjusted between 3000K, 5500K, and 7000K, and whose illuminance range is 0-1200 lux.

9. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The control module includes a microprocessor, a human-machine interface, and a built-in battery; The microprocessor is used to control the coordinated operation of the acquisition module, the fixing module, and the observation module; The human-computer interaction interface is a touch screen, used for parameter setting and function control; The built-in battery is a lithium polymer battery with a capacity of 10000mAh / 3.7V.

10. The portable multifunctional plant leaf collection and observation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The device features an environmentally adaptable design, including an IP65-rated sealed structure and electronic components that can withstand temperatures ranging from -40 to 125°C; the microprocessor is an STM32H743 with a main frequency of 480MHz.

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