Method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor suitable for on-board chargers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the service life of at least one capacitor in a capacitor module (400) of an electronic device (100) adapted to charge a battery (600) of an electric vehicle, said device comprising a power factor correction circuit (300), a DC / DC converter (500), a cooling device (700) and a second temperature sensor (910) arranged on at least one capacitor of said capacitor module (400) and adapted to measure the actual temperature of said at least one capacitor, said method comprising the following steps: a first step a1) comprising activating the charger (100) to charge the high-voltage battery (600), a second step a2) comprising adding a first counter (Cmp1) to one and zeroing a second counter (Cmp2), initializing a first power variable (Pinf).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, and more specifically to a method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor in an on-board charger for an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] An electric vehicle includes at least one high-voltage battery, such as a 400-volt or 800-volt battery, coupled to a high-voltage electrical network (the internal network of the electric vehicle), and a low-voltage battery, such as a 12-volt battery, coupled to a low-voltage electrical network (the internal network of the electric vehicle). The high-voltage battery and the low-voltage battery are respectively adapted to deliver and store electrical energy on the high-voltage and low-voltage electrical networks.

[0003] For this purpose, electric vehicles include an onboard charger, more commonly known in English as an "On Board Charger" (OBC), which is connected via a high-voltage electrical network to a high-voltage battery called a "BHT". The onboard charger is adapted to convert the AC voltage provided by the external electrical network into a high-voltage DC voltage capable of recharging the high-voltage battery after connection to the power supply network.

[0004] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a prior art on-board charger 10, which is adapted to charge, for example, a high-voltage battery 60 specifically designed to power a propulsion motor for an electric or hybrid vehicle.

[0005] The vehicle charger 10 includes an electromagnetic filter circuit 20 and a power factor correction (PFC) circuit 30, referred to as "PFC," which may be bidirectional. The PFC circuit 30 further includes an AC-DC conversion circuit adapted to receive, for example, current from a household AC power supply network.

[0006] The on-board charger 10 also includes a capacitor module 40 disposed between a power factor correction (PFC) circuit 30 and a DC / DC converter 50 adapted to charge a high-voltage battery 60.

[0007] As those skilled in the art will know, the charging of the low-voltage power supply battery (not shown in FIG1) is achieved by the high-voltage battery 60 through a second continuous current-to-continuous current converter connected between the high-voltage battery 60 and the low-voltage power supply battery, the second continuous current-to-continuous current converter not shown in FIG1.

[0008] The high-voltage battery is charged via an on-board charger 10 that is coupled to the electrical network 70.

[0009] The capacitor module 40 consists of a number of electrochemical capacitors with relatively large equivalent values ​​to accept relatively large effective current values ​​during battery charging and to reduce or sufficiently filter out the ripple of the rectified voltage at the output of the power factor correction (PFC) circuit 30, so that the ripple is compatible with the input characteristics of the DC / DC converter 50 after being filtered out.

[0010] One solution well known to those skilled in the art for implementing the capacitor module 40 is to arrange a relatively large number of capacitors to obtain a large equivalent capacitance value, thereby being able to control ripple and accept a large effective current (or RMS current, or "Root Mean Square") during full-power charging of the high-voltage battery.

[0011] One drawback of this solution is that it requires an increase in the area of ​​the printed circuit board (PCB) to accommodate the capacitor, which increases the cost of the on-board charger 10 non-negligibly.

[0012] Furthermore, the effective current value, more specifically the maximum effective current, depends on the battery's charging level and the charger's power. For example, a vehicle charger may have a rated power of 7 kW.

[0013] Therefore, based on the maximum effective current flowing through the capacitor in the capacitor module 40, the latter will generate heat, and sometimes it can reach a temperature equal to or higher than the critical capacitor threshold temperature Tcritcap given by the capacitor manufacturer.

[0014] For example, the critical capacitor threshold temperature Tcritcap is 85°C. Therefore, during the charging of a high-voltage battery using a charger, when the capacitor's temperature reaches or exceeds the critical capacitor threshold temperature Tcritcap, the capacitor's lifespan is shortened compared to using the capacitor at temperatures below the critical capacitor threshold temperature Tcritcap.

[0015] To limit the temperature rise of the capacitors in the capacitor module 40, a cooling device, for example, disposed on the capacitor module 40, is typically used. This cooling device is adapted to cool the capacitors through the capacitor module 40, and also to cool the electronic components disposed on the printed circuit board of the vehicle charger 10. Such a solution can employ air cooling. However, due to the relatively large amount of heat to be dissipated, the cooling device can also be based on liquid cooling principles, i.e., water or ethylene glycol. Therefore, the dissipation of heat generated by the electronic components and capacitors can be improved.

[0016] As mentioned above, it is necessary to control the lifespan of the capacitor in the on-board charger 10, because vehicle manufacturers specify that the latter has a minimum service life, such as 20,000 hours, under normal use and charging conditions.

[0017] However, sometimes the charger 10 and therefore the capacitor of the capacitor module 40 of the charger 10 are used under extreme conditions, such as when charging an electric vehicle at a charging station in a supermarket parking lot under the hot summer sun. This can cause the capacitor to heat up abnormally and thus overheat the charger, which may shorten its service life.

[0018] Therefore, it is indeed necessary to ensure that the temperature of the capacitor is controlled to avoid exceeding the critical temperature, thereby preventing the capacitor from deteriorating prematurely. Summary of the Invention

[0019] This invention relates to a method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor in a capacitor module of an electronic device adapted to charge a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle. The device includes a power factor correction circuit, a DC / DC converter, a cooling device adapted to cool at least one capacitor of the capacitor module, and a second temperature sensor disposed on at least one capacitor of the capacitor module and adapted to measure the actual temperature of the at least one capacitor. The method includes the following steps: The first step a1) includes activating the charger to charge the high-voltage battery. The second step (a2) includes incrementing the first counter to one and resetting the second counter to zero, and initializing the first power variable. The third step a3) includes charging the high-voltage battery with a first set power via a charger, and initializing the second power variable with a value equal to 100% of the first set power value. Step a4) includes waiting for a first predetermined duration, during which power is set to be delivered to the battery, and then proceeding to step a5). Step a5) includes measuring a first actual temperature of at least one capacitor using a second temperature sensor, the first actual temperature representing the temperature of all capacitors in the capacitor module, comparing the first actual temperature with a first threshold, and proceeding to step a6) if the value of the first actual temperature is lower than the first threshold, and proceeding to step a7) if the value of the first actual temperature is higher than the first threshold. In step seven (a7), if the value of the first actual temperature is higher than the value of the first threshold in step five (a5), then the value of the first actual temperature is compared with the value of the second threshold, and if the value of the first threshold is higher than the value of the second threshold, proceed to step seventeen (a17); otherwise, proceed to step four (a4). Step 17 (a17) includes incrementing the value of the second counter by one and resetting the value of the first counter to zero, then proceeding to step 18 (a18). Step 18 (a18) involves calculating the new set power according to the following mathematical formula: P(n)_cons=(Pinf+P(n-1)_cons) / 2, and then proceeding to step 19 (a19). Step 19 (a19) includes checking the value of the second counter, and proceeding to step 20 (a20) if the value is greater than 4, and proceeding to step 4 (a4) if the value is less than or equal to 4. Step 20 (a20) includes resetting the values ​​of the first and second counters to zero. Step 21 (a21) includes comparing the current set power with the maximum set power. If the current set power is between 75% and 100% of the maximum set power, proceed to step 22 (a22); otherwise, proceed to step 23 (a23). Step 23 (a23) includes proceeding to step 24 (a24) if the current set power value is between 50% and 75% of the maximum set power value; otherwise, proceeding to step 25 (a25). Step 22 (a22) includes setting the first power variable to 50% of the maximum set power value and setting the second power variable to the current set power value applied to the battery, then proceeding to step 4 (a4). Step 24 (a24) includes setting the first power variable to 25% of the maximum set power value and setting the second power variable to the current set power value applied to the battery, then proceeding to step 4 (a4). Step 25 (a25) includes setting the first power variable to 0% of the maximum set power value and setting the second power variable to the current set power value applied to the battery, then proceeding to step 4 (a4). Step 6 (a6) includes comparing the set power value applied to the battery during step 4 (a4) with the maximum set power value that the charger can generate, and proceeding to step 4 (a4) if the set power value applied to the battery is equal to the maximum set power value of the charger, and proceeding to step 8 (a8) if the set power value applied to the battery is lower than the maximum set power value of the charger. Step 8 (a8) includes incrementing the value of the first counter by one and resetting the second counter to zero, then proceeding to step 9 (a9). Step 9 (a9) involves calculating the new set power using the mathematical formula: P(n)_cons = (Psup + P(n-1)_cons) / 2, and then proceeding to step 10 (a10). Step 10 (a10) includes checking the value of the first counter, and proceeding to step 11 (a11) if the value is greater than 4, and proceeding to step 4 (a4) if the value is less than or equal to 4. Step eleven (a11) involves resetting the value of the first counter to zero and also resetting the value of the second counter to zero, then proceeding to step twelfth (a12). Step 12 (a12) involves comparing the current set power with the maximum set power. If the current set power is between 50% and 100% of the maximum set power, proceed to step 13 (a13). If the comparison result is less than half of the maximum set power, proceed to step 14 (a14). Step fourteen (a14) includes proceeding to step fifteen (a15) if the comparison result is lower than half of the maximum set power value but higher than one-quarter of the maximum set power value, and proceeding to step sixteen (a16) if the comparison result is lower than one-quarter of the maximum set power value. Step 13 (a13) includes setting the value of the second power variable to equal the value of the maximum power, and setting the value of the first power variable to equal the value of the currently set power applied to the battery, and then proceeding to step 4 (a4). Step 15 (a15) includes setting the value of the second power variable to 75% of the maximum power value and setting the value of the first power variable to the current set power applied to the battery, and then proceeding to step 4 (a4). Step sixteen (a16) includes setting the value of the second power variable to 50% of the maximum power value and setting the value of the first power variable to the current set power applied to the battery, and then proceeding to step four (a4).

[0020] For example, the first set power has a value of 11kW.

[0021] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first determined duration has a value of 1 minute.

[0022] For example, the first threshold has a value of 80°C.

[0023] In another example, the second threshold has a value of 80°C. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent after reading the following description. The following description is purely exemplary and must be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charger in the prior art. Figure 2 shows a structural diagram of the charger according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be described with an example of implementation in an electric vehicle, which includes at least one motor capable of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive at least one wheel of the electric vehicle to rotate.

[0026] Referring to FIG2, a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 is shown, such as an on-board charger 100 according to the present invention. The on-board charger 100 is adapted to charge a high-voltage battery 600, such as one specifically designed to power a three-phase motor for propulsion in an electric or hybrid vehicle.

[0027] The vehicle charger 100 can be unidirectional or bidirectional.

[0028] It includes an electromagnetic filter circuit 200 and a power factor correction circuit 300 called "PFC", which may be bidirectional and includes an AC-DC conversion circuit adapted to receive, for example, current from a household AC power supply network.

[0029] A capacitor module 400 is disposed between the power factor correction circuit 300 and the DC / DC converter 500 adapted to charge the high-voltage battery 600. The capacitor module 400 is also referred to by those skilled in the art as a "DC LINK" module.

[0030] As those skilled in the art will know, the charging of the low-voltage power supply battery (not shown in FIG2) is achieved by the high-voltage battery 600 through a second continuous current-to-continuous current converter connected between the high-voltage battery 600 and the low-voltage power supply battery.

[0031] The high-voltage battery is charged via an on-board charger 100 that is coupled to an electrical network.

[0032] Advantageously, the capacitor module 400 comprises a number of capacitors, such as electrochemical capacitors, adapted to accept relatively large effective current values ​​during battery charging and to adequately filter out ripples in the rectified voltage at the output of the power factor correction circuit 300, thereby ensuring that the filtered ripples are compatible with the input characteristics of the DC / DC converter 500. Advantageously, the device of the present invention proposes controlling the actual temperature of at least one capacitor, referred to as Trelcap.

[0033] The on-board charger 100 advantageously includes, for example, a cooling device 800 disposed on the capacitor module 400, and also on the power factor correction circuit 300 and the DC / DC converter 500. The cooling device 800 includes, for example, at least one conduit adapted to allow coolant to circulate. The coolant is adapted to absorb heat generated from the electronic components of the power factor correction circuit 300 and the DC / DC converter 500, and also to absorb heat generated by the capacitors of the capacitor module 400. The mechanical fixing and thermal coupling between the different components will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0034] Advantageously, a first temperature sensor 900 is disposed at a pipe in the cooling device 800 to measure the coolant temperature Tliq. In a variant, the coolant temperature is provided by a measuring device disposed on the cooling circuit of the electric vehicle.

[0035] Advantageously, a second temperature sensor 910 is disposed on at least one capacitor of the capacitor module 400. In a variant, the second temperature sensor 910 is disposed on the package of the capacitor module 400. The second temperature sensor 910 is adapted to measure the actual temperature (Trelcap) of at least one capacitor, which represents the temperature of all capacitors in the capacitor module 400. Therefore, with the means of the present invention, the temperature of the capacitor module 400 can be known in real time, and the on-board charger 100 can be activated or deactivated based on this temperature.

[0036] The first temperature sensor 900 and the second temperature sensor 910 may employ thermistor-type technology, or in a variant, semiconductor technology.

[0037] The present invention proposes a method for controlling the temperature of at least one capacitor by controlling the power delivered by the electronic device 100 based on the actual temperature of at least one capacitor of the electronic device 100.

[0038] Therefore, as shown in FIG3, when the electric vehicle is coupled to an external voltage socket and the high-voltage battery 600 needs to be charged, the method of the present invention includes a first step a1), which includes activating the charger 100 to charge the high-voltage battery 600.

[0039] Subsequently, during the second step a2), the first counter Cmp1 is incremented to one and the second counter Cmp2 is reset to zero. Within the framework of this invention, the first counter Cmp1 represents the increase of the set power P_cons, and the second counter Cmp2 represents the decrease of the set power P_cons.

[0040] Therefore, after the second step a2), Cmp1=1 and Cmp2=0.

[0041] In the second step a2), the first power variable Pinf is also initialized. In this example, the first variable Pinf is set to 0. In the remainder of the specification, the value of the first power variable Pinf will be between 0% and 100% of the maximum set power Pcons.

[0042] During the third step a3), the high-voltage battery 600 is charged by the charger 100 at a first set power P1_cons. For example, the first set power P1_cons is the power determined by the vehicle manufacturer for optimal charging of the battery 600. For example, in the case of an 11kW charger, the first set power P1_cons has a value of 11kW. In this third step a3), the second power variable Psup is also initialized to a value equal to 100%. Throughout the rest of the specification, the value of the second power variable Psup will be between 0% and 100% of the maximum set power Pcons.

[0043] The method then proposes a fourth step (a4), which includes waiting for a first determined duration tp1, during which power P_cons is supplied to battery 600. In one embodiment, the first determined duration tp1 has a value of one minute.

[0044] This method proposes to proceed to the fifth step a5 after the first determined time period tp1 has elapsed.

[0045] Step a5) includes measuring a first actual temperature Trelcap1 of at least one capacitor, representing the temperature of all capacitors in the capacitor module 400, using a second temperature sensor 910. The method also proposes, during this fifth step a5), to compare the first actual temperature Trelcap1 with a first threshold Tseuil1. For example, the value of the first threshold Tseuil1 is equal to 80°C. In a variation, the first actual temperature Trelcap1 is the average of n temperature measurements from the second temperature sensor 910.

[0046] If the value of the first actual temperature Trelcap1 is lower than the first threshold Tseuil1, the method proposes to proceed to step six (a6). If the value of the first actual temperature Trelcap1 is higher than the first threshold Tseuil1, the method proposes to proceed to step seven (a7).

[0047] During step a7), in step a5), if the value of the first actual temperature Trelcap1 is higher than the value of the first threshold Tseuil1, then the value of the first actual temperature Trelcap1 is compared with the value of the second threshold Tseuil2. For example, the value of the second threshold Tseuil2 is 85°C. If the value of the first threshold Tseuil1 is higher than the value of the second threshold Tseuil2, the method proposes to proceed to step a17); otherwise, the method proposes to proceed to step a4).

[0048] During step seventeen (a17), the value of the second counter Cmp2 is incremented by one and the value of the first counter Cmp1 is reset to zero. Then proceed to step eighteen (a18).

[0049] During step eighteen (a18), the new set power Pn_cons is equal to the following mathematical formula: P(n)_cons = (Pinf + P(n-1)_cons) / 2. Therefore, for example, if the value of the first power variable Pinf is equal to 0% of the maximum set power value (as a reminder, this value is 11kW in this example), then the value of the first power variable Pinf will be 0kW. Therefore, the new set power P(n) will be 50% of the maximum set power P_cons, i.e., 5.5kW. The second power variable Psup will take the value of the previously set power, i.e., P(n-1)_cons.

[0050] During step nineteen (a19), the value of the second counter Cmp2 is checked. If the value is greater than 4, the method proceeds to step twentieth (a20), and if the value is less than or equal to 4, the method proceeds to step four (a4).

[0051] During the twentieth step (a20), the value of the first counter Cmp1 is reset to zero, and the value of the second counter Cmp2 is also reset to zero. Therefore, Cmp1 = 0 and Cmp2 = 0.

[0052] After both counters are zeroed, proceed to step twenty-one (a21).

[0053] During step 21), the current set power Pn_cons is compared with the maximum set power P_cons (i.e., 11KW). If the current set power is between 75% and 100% of the maximum set power, the method proceeds to step 22; otherwise, it proceeds to step 23.

[0054] During step 23), if the current set power value is between 50% and 75% of the maximum set power value, the method proceeds to step 24; otherwise, it proceeds to step 25.

[0055] During step 22), it is proposed to set the first power variable Pinf to 50% of the maximum set power P_cons, and to set the second power variable Psup to the current set power applied to battery 600. Then, the method proceeds to step 4).

[0056] During step 24), it is proposed to set the first power variable Pinf to 25% of the maximum set power P_cons, and to set the second power variable Psup to the current set power applied to battery 600. Then, the method proceeds to step 4).

[0057] During step 25), it is proposed to set the first power variable Pinf to 0% of the maximum set power P_cons, and to set the second power variable Psup to the current set power applied to battery 600. Then, the method proposes to proceed to step 4).

[0058] During the sixth step a6), the method of the present invention proposes to compare the value of the set power P_cons applied to the battery 600 during the fourth step a4) with the maximum value of the maximum set power that the charger 100 can generate. For example, in the case of an 11kW charger, the maximum value of the maximum set power P_cons has a maximum value of 11kW.

[0059] If the value of the set power P_cons applied to the battery 600 is equal to the value of the charger's maximum set power, the method proposes to proceed to step four (a4). If the value of the set power P_cons applied to the battery 600 is lower than the value of the charger's maximum set power, the method proposes to proceed to step eight (a8).

[0060] Subsequently, during step a8), the value of the first counter Cmp1 is incremented by one and the value of the second counter Cmp2 is reset to zero. Then, proceed to step a9).

[0061] During step a9), the new set power Pn_cons is equal to the following mathematical formula: P(n)_cons = (Psup + P(n-1)_cons) / 2. Therefore, for example, if the value of the second power variable Psup is equal to 50% of the maximum set power value (as a reminder, this value is 11kW in this example), then the value of the second power variable Psup will be 5.5kW. Therefore, the new set power value will be (5.5 + 2.75) / 2 = 4,125kW. The first power variable Pinf will take the previously set power value, i.e., P(n-1)_cons. Then proceed to step a10).

[0062] During step ten (a10), the value of the first counter Cmp1 is checked. If the value is greater than 4, the method proceeds to step eleven (a11), and if the value is less than or equal to 4, the method proceeds to step four (a4).

[0063] During step eleven (a11), the value of the first counter Cmp1 is reset to zero, and the value of the second counter Cmp2 is also reset to zero. Therefore, Cmp1 = 0 and Cmp2 = 0.

[0064] After both counters are zeroed, proceed to step twelfth (a12).

[0065] During step 12), the current set power Pn_cons is compared with the maximum set power P_cons. If the current set power is between 50% and 100% of the maximum set power, the method proceeds to step 13. If the comparison result is less than half the value of the maximum set power P_cons, the method proceeds to step 14.

[0066] During step fourteen (a14), the method proposes to proceed to step fifteen (a15) if the comparison result is less than half the value of the maximum set power P_cons and greater than one-quarter of the value of the maximum set power P_cons. If the comparison result is less than one-quarter of the value of the maximum set power P_cons, the method proposes to proceed to step sixteen (a16).

[0067] During step thirteen (a13), it is proposed to set the value of the second power variable Psup equal to the value of the maximum power P_cons, and to set the value of the first power variable Pinf equal to the value of the currently set power applied to battery 600. Then, the method proposes to proceed to step four (a4).

[0068] During step 15 (a15), it is proposed to set the value of the second power variable Psup to 75% of the value of the maximum power P_cons, and to set the value of the first power variable Pinf to the value of the currently set power applied to battery 600. Then, the method proposes to proceed to step 4 (a4).

[0069] During step sixteen (a16), it is proposed to set the value of the second power variable Psup to 50% of the value of the maximum power P_cons, and to set the value of the first power variable Pinf to the value of the currently set power applied to the battery 600. Then, the method proposes to proceed to step four (a4).

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor in a capacitor module (400) of an electronic device (100) configured to charge a high-voltage battery (600) of an electric vehicle, the device including a power factor correction circuit (300), a DC / DC converter (500), a cooling device (700) configured to cool at least one capacitor of the capacitor module (400), and a second temperature sensor (910) disposed on at least one capacitor of the capacitor module (400) and configured to measure the actual temperature of the at least one capacitor, the method comprising the steps of: • First step a1): Activate the charger (100) to charge the high-voltage battery (600); • Second step a2): Increment the first counter (Cmp1) by one and reset the second counter (Cmp2) to zero, and initialize the first power variable (Pinf); • Third step a3): The charger (100) charges the high-voltage battery (600) with the first set power (P1_cons) and initializes the second power variable (Psup) with a value equal to 100% of the first set power value. • Step 4 a4): Wait for the first predetermined time (tp1), during which the set power (P_cons) is applied to the battery (600), and then proceed to Step 5 a5). • Fifth step a5): Measure the first actual temperature (Trelcap1) of at least one capacitor using a second temperature sensor (910), which represents the temperature of all capacitors in the capacitor module (400), and compare the first actual temperature (Trelcap1) with a first threshold (Tseuil1). If the value of the first actual temperature (Trelcap1) is lower than the first threshold (Tseuil1), proceed to the sixth step a6); if the value of the first actual temperature (Trelcap1) is higher than the first threshold (Tseuil1), proceed to the seventh step a7). • Step 7 a7): If the value of the first actual temperature (Trelcap1) is higher than the value of the first threshold (Tseuil1) in step 5 a5), then compare the value of the first actual temperature (Trelcap1) with the value of the second threshold (Tseuil2); if the value of the first threshold (Tseuil1) is greater than the value of the second threshold (Tseuil2), then proceed to step 17 a17; otherwise, return to step 4 a4). • Step 17 (a17): Increment the value of the second counter (Cmp2) by one and reset the value of the first counter (Cmp1) to zero, then proceed to step 18 (a18). • Step 18 (a18): Calculate the new set power (Pn_cons) according to the following mathematical formula: P(n)_cons = (Pinf + P(n-1)_cons) / 2, and then proceed to step 19 (a19). • Step 19 (a19): Check the value of the second counter (Cmp2). If its value is greater than 4, proceed to step 20 (a20). If its value is less than or equal to 4, return to step 4 (a4). • Step 20: Reset the value of the first counter (Cmp1) to zero, and reset the value of the second counter (Cmp2) to zero; • Step 21 (a21): Compare the current set power (Pn_cons) with the maximum set power (P_cons). If the current set power is between 75% and 100% of the maximum set power, proceed to step 22 (a22); otherwise, proceed to step 23 (a23). • Step 23 (a23): If the current set power value is between 50% and 75% of the maximum set power value, proceed to step 24 (a24); otherwise, proceed to step 25 (a25). • Step 22 (a22): Set the first power variable (Pinf) to 50% of the maximum set power (P_cons) value, and set the second power variable (Psup) value to the current set power applied to the battery (600), then return to step 4 (a4). • Step 24 (a24): Set the first power variable (Pinf) to 25% of the maximum set power (P_cons) value, and set the second power variable (Psup) value to the current set power applied to the battery (600), then return to step 4 (a4). • Step 25 (a25): Set the first power variable (Pinf) to 0% of the maximum set power (P_cons) value, and set the second power variable (Psup) value to the current set power applied to the battery (600), then return to step 4 (a4). • Step 6 a6): Compare the value of the set power (P_cons) applied to the battery (600) during step 4 a4) with the maximum set power that the charger (100) can generate. If the value of the set power (P_cons) applied to the battery (600) is equal to the value of the maximum set power of the charger, return to step 4 a4). If the value of the set power (P_cons) applied to the battery (600) is lower than the value of the maximum set power of the charger, proceed to step 8 a8). • Step 8 (a8): Increment the value of the first counter (Cmp1) by one and reset the second counter (Cmp2) to zero, then proceed to step 9 (a9). • Step 9 (a9): Calculate the new set power (Pn_cons) according to the following mathematical formula: P(n)_cons = (Psup + P(n-1)_cons) / 2, and then proceed to Step 10 (a10). • Step 10 (a10): Check the value of the first counter (Cmp1). If its value is greater than 4, proceed to step 11 (a11). If its value is less than or equal to 4, return to step 4 (a4). • Step 11 (a11): Reset the value of the first counter (Cmp1) to zero, and also reset the value of the second counter (Cmp2) to zero, then proceed to step 12 (a12). • Step 12 (a12): Compare the current set power (Pn_cons) with the maximum set power (P_cons); if the current set power is between 50% and 100% of the maximum set power, proceed to step 13 (a13); if the comparison result is less than half of the maximum set power (P_cons), proceed to step 14 (a14). • Step 14 (a14): If the comparison result is lower than half of the maximum set power (P_cons) value but higher than one-quarter of the maximum set power (P_cons) value, proceed to step 15 (a15); if the comparison result is lower than one-quarter of the maximum set power (P_cons) value, proceed to step 16 (a16). • Step 13 (a13): Set the value of the second power variable (Psup) to the value of the maximum power (P_cons), and set the value of the first power variable (Pinf) to the value of the currently set power applied to the battery (600), then return to step 4 (a4). • Step 15 (a15): Set the value of the second power variable (Psup) to 75% of the maximum power (P_cons) value, and set the value of the first power variable (Pinf) to the current set power applied to the battery (600), then return to step 4 (a4). • Step 16 (a16): Set the value of the second power variable (Psup) to 50% of the maximum power (P_cons) value, and set the value of the first power variable (Pinf) to the value of the current set power applied to the battery (600), then return to step 4 (a4).

2. The method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor in a capacitor module (400) of an electronic device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the value of the first set power (P1_cons) is 11 kW.

3. The method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor in a capacitor module (400) of an electronic device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the value of the first predetermined duration (tp1) is 1 minute.

4. The method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor in a capacitor module (400) of an electronic device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the value of the first threshold (Tseuil1) is 80°C.

5. A method for optimizing the lifespan of at least one capacitor in a capacitor module (400) of an electronic device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the value of the second threshold (Tseuil2) is 80°C.

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