Air suction type corn seed metering device with star wheel and bar cooperation active seed filling

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of star wheel and strip coordination initiative fills the air suction type corn seed metering device, including air chamber shell, seed chamber shell, seed metering disc, transmission support, initiative filling device, sawtooth seed cleaning device and strip type seed cleaning device.Seeing room is divided into filling area, seed cleaning area and seed throwing area.Initiative filling device is installed in filling area, and star wheel is driven by eccentric transmission shaft, main shaft gear, idler and output gear, and cooperates with seed lifting link and seed baffle to synergize action, and seed is forced to push to suction hole place, and effective arch is broken to seed group and reduces the rate of missing planting;Seed cleaning area is installed with upper and lower bilateral seed cleaning device consisting of sawtooth seed cleaning knife and strip type seed cleaning plate, and single particle adsorption state of suction hole is accurately controlled using bilateral synergistic seed cleaning mechanism, and excess seed is efficiently removed, and the rate of reseeding is significantly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of corn planting technology, specifically relating to a pneumatic corn seed metering device that uses a star wheel and a seeding bar to actively fill seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Corn is an important food, feed, and industrial raw material crop in my country, and the quality of corn sowing directly affects the crop emergence rate and final yield. Pneumatic corn seed metering devices have advantages such as high seed metering accuracy, wide seed size adaptability, and adaptability to high-speed operations, and are now widely used in corn sowing. Pneumatic corn seed metering devices mainly rely on negative pressure to adsorb seeds onto the seed suction holes, and as the seed metering disc rotates, the processes of filling, cleaning, and dispensing seeds are completed sequentially, achieving high-precision corn sowing.

[0003] As agricultural production efficiency continues to improve, the operating speed of seeders is constantly increasing. Existing air-suction seed metering devices rely primarily on gravity, seed flow, and the relative motion generated by the rotation of the seed metering disc to enter the vicinity of the suction holes during the seed filling process, which is a passive seed filling method. When the rotation speed of the seed metering disc increases, the residence time of the seed suction holes in the seed filling zone is significantly shortened, making it difficult for seeds to be replenished to the vicinity of the suction holes in a timely manner. This leads to insufficient seed filling in the suction holes, easily resulting in missed sowing and seriously affecting the seed metering performance under high-speed operating conditions.

[0004] To improve seed filling efficiency, existing technologies typically employ measures such as increasing the filling area, installing seed guide plates, and using seed-disturbing wheels. These measures promote seed flow or agitation, thereby increasing the number of seeds near the suction hole. However, most of these structures only alter the overall movement of the population and cannot continuously and actively transport seeds to the suction hole. Under high-speed operating conditions, problems such as insufficient filling efficiency and high missed seeding rates still exist. Furthermore, due to the significant randomness of population movement, bridging, voids, or seed accumulation can easily occur in local areas, further reducing the filling quality of the suction hole.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a pneumatic corn seed metering device that can actively and continuously deliver seeds to the vicinity of the seed suction hole during the rotation of the seed metering disc, improve the seed filling efficiency of the seed suction hole, and enhance the seed supply capacity under high-speed operation conditions. This would improve the problem of insufficient seed filling in the existing technology, which leads to a high rate of missed sowing, and improve the quality of precision corn sowing and the performance of high-speed operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a pneumatic corn seed metering device with a star wheel and a push bar working together for active seed filling. This device solves the problems of insufficient seed filling capacity, discontinuous seed supply, and high missed seeding rate in existing pneumatic corn seed metering devices, thereby improving the quality of precision corn seeding and high-speed operation performance.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention is as follows:

[0008] A pneumatic corn seed metering device with active seed filling via a star wheel and a pusher bar includes an air chamber shell, a seed chamber shell, a seed metering disc, a transmission support, an active seed filling device, a serrated seed cleaning device, and a pusher-type seed cleaning device. The air chamber shell mates with the back of the seed metering disc to form the air chamber, and the seed chamber shell mates with the front of the seed metering disc to form the seed chamber. The seed metering disc has several seed suction holes arranged circumferentially. The transmission support drives the seed metering disc to rotate within the seed metering device shell. Along the working rotation direction of the seed metering disc, the space of the seed chamber is sequentially divided into a seed filling area, a seed cleaning area, and a seed feeding area. The active seed filling device is installed in the seed filling area; the serrated seed cleaning device and the pusher-type seed cleaning device are installed in the seed cleaning area.

[0009] The upper and lower parts of the seed chamber shell are respectively equipped with an upper transparent cover plate and a lower transparent cover plate, and the lower transparent cover plate has a hole for mounting a toggle-type seed cleaning device. The left and right sides of the seed chamber shell are respectively connected to the air chamber shell by bolts.

[0010] The seed metering tray has a through square hole at its center; a support frame is connected to the back of the seed metering tray, the support frame includes three cylindrical legs and an annular cover plate, one end of the three cylindrical legs is fixedly connected to the back of the seed metering tray, and the other end is connected to the annular cover plate; bolt holes are provided on the annular cover plate, and the seed metering tray is fixedly connected to the transmission bracket through the bolt holes; during the operation of the seed metering device, the air in the seed chamber passes through the seed suction hole and the negative pressure air hole in sequence, and is drawn out from the negative pressure hole of the air chamber, thereby forming a negative pressure airflow in the air chamber for adsorbing seeds.

[0011] The active seed filling device includes an eccentric drive shaft, a main shaft gear, an idler gear, an output gear, a star wheel, a seed-feeding connecting rod, a seeding baffle, a seeding baffle bracket, and a gear baffle. The eccentric drive shaft passes sequentially through the central square hole of the seed metering disc and the main shaft gear, and is fixedly connected to the main shaft gear by a square pin. One end of the seed-feeding connecting rod is sleeved on the eccentric shaft section of the eccentric drive shaft, and the other end is hinged to the lower end of the seeding baffle. The upper middle part of the seeding baffle is hinged to the seeding baffle bracket. The idler gear meshes with the main shaft gear and the output gear, and the shaft ends of the idler gear and the output gear pass through the gear baffle and are fixed by cotter pins. The seeding baffle bracket and the gear baffle are both fixedly installed on the seed chamber shell.

[0012] The serrated seed cleaning device includes a serrated seed cleaning knife and a serrated seed cleaning knife adjustment handle; the left end of the serrated seed cleaning knife is hinged to the seed chamber shell, and the serrated seed cleaning knife adjustment handle is hinged to the seed chamber shell by bolts, and the cylindrical structure on the serrated seed cleaning knife adjustment handle is tangentially fitted with the straight groove on the right side of the serrated seed cleaning knife; the toggle seed cleaning device includes a toggle seed cleaning plate and a toggle seed cleaning device adjustment handle; the toggle seed cleaning plate passes through the mounting hole of the transparent cover plate under the seed chamber shell, and is fixedly connected to the toggle seed cleaning device adjustment handle by a wedge structure.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. Unlike traditional air-suction seed metering devices that rely mainly on seed weight and negative pressure adsorption for passive seed filling, this invention features a star wheel and push bar co-operating active seed filling device. The star wheel and push bar are driven by an eccentric drive shaft to move in tandem, promoting continuous seed flow in the filling zone. This effectively reduces seed arching, bridging, and insufficient seed supply, actively pushing seeds to the vicinity of the suction hole, improving the filling efficiency and seed supply capacity of the suction hole, and effectively addressing the problem of missed sowing caused by insufficient seed filling under high-speed operation conditions.

[0015] 2. This invention organically combines the star wheel and the active seed filling mechanism with the seed metering device structure. While improving the fullness of seed filling in the seed suction hole, it ensures the continuity and stability of the seed metering process, enhances the adaptability of the seed metering device to high-speed operation conditions, and improves the quality of precision corn sowing. It has good application and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic corn seed metering device that uses a star wheel and a push bar for active seed filling.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the seed chamber shell.

[0018] Figure 3 An exploded view of a sawtooth-shaped seed cleaning device.

[0019] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a rotary seed cleaning device.

[0020] Figure 5 An exploded view of the active seeding device.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a seeding tray.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the air chamber shell and the seed chamber shell.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure and working areas of the seed metering device.

[0024] Among them, 1-air chamber shell, 2-fixing bolt, 3-seed metering disc, 4-serrated seed cleaning device, 5-adjusting hole, 6-transmission bracket bolt, 7-transmission bracket, 8-transmission bracket hole, 9-toggle seed cleaning device, 10-active seed filling device, 11-seed chamber shell, 12-upper transparent cover plate, 13-upper transparent cover plate hole, 14-left side slot of outer shell, 15-hinge hole, 16-upper hole of outer shell, 17-lower transparent cover plate hole, 18- - Lower transparent cover plate, 19- Mounting hole for the toggle-type seed cleaning device, 20- Lower hole of the outer casing, 21- Right side slot of the outer casing, 22- Hinge hole for the serrated seed cleaning knife, 23- Serrated seed cleaning knife, 24- Adjusting handle for the serrated seed cleaning knife, 25- Adjusting handle hole, 26- Adjusting bolt, 27- Toggle-type seed cleaning plate, 28- Seed cleaning plate connecting hole, 29- Adjusting handle fixing hole, 30- Adjusting handle connecting hole, 31- Adjusting handle for the toggle-type seed cleaning device, 32 - Connecting bolt, 33- Eccentric drive shaft, 34- Main shaft gear, 35- Main shaft gear square hole, 36- Idler gear, 37- Idler gear pin hole, 38- Cotter pin, 39- Seed-dispensing connecting rod hinge hole 1, 40- Seed-dispensing baffle, 41- Seed-dispensing baffle bracket, 42- Bracket hinge hole, 43- Bracket fixing hole, 44- Seed-dispensing baffle bracket bolt, 45- Gear baffle hinge hole, 46- Gear baffle fixing hole, 47- Gear baffle, 48- Seed-dispensing connecting rod hinge 2 holes, 49-seed-dispensing connecting rod, 50-star wheel square hole, 51-star wheel, 52-output gear pin hole, 53-output gear, 54-eccentric drive shaft fixing square hole, 55-square pin, 56-seed suction hole, 57-seed metering disc fixing hole, 58-seed metering disc square hole, 59-negative pressure air hole, 60-air chamber left side hole, 61-air chamber negative pressure hole, 62-air chamber right side hole, 63-outer shell connection hole, 64-seed feeding partition. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the device of the present invention includes an air chamber shell 1, a seed chamber shell 11, a seed metering disc 3, a transmission support 7, an active seed filling device 10, a serrated seed cleaning device 4, and a toggle-type seed cleaning device 9. The air chamber shell 1 and the back of the seed metering disc 3 cooperate to form the air chamber, and the seed chamber shell 11 and the front of the seed metering disc 3 cooperate to form the seed chamber. The seed metering disc 3 has a plurality of seed suction holes 56 arranged circumferentially. The transmission support 7 drives the seed metering disc 3 to rotate within the seed metering device shell. Along the working rotation direction of the seed metering disc 3, the space of the seed chamber is sequentially divided into a seed filling area, a seed cleaning area, and a seed feeding area. The active seed filling device 10 is installed in the seed filling area; the serrated seed cleaning device 4 and the toggle-type seed cleaning device 9 are installed in the seed cleaning area.

[0026] Specifically, the upper and lower parts of the seed chamber shell 11 are respectively equipped with an upper transparent cover plate 12 and a lower transparent cover plate 18. The upper transparent cover plate 12 is fixedly connected to the seed chamber shell 11 by bolts passing through the upper transparent cover plate hole 13 and the upper outer shell hole 16 in sequence. The lower transparent cover plate 18 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the seed chamber shell 11 by bolts passing through the lower transparent cover plate hole 17 and the lower outer shell hole 20 in sequence, and the lower transparent cover plate 18 has a toggle-type seed cleaning device mounting hole 19. The left side of the seed chamber shell 11 is connected to the left side of the outer shell slot hole 14 and the left side of the air chamber hole in sequence by bolts, and the right side of the seed chamber shell 11 is connected to the right side of the outer shell slot hole 21 and the right side of the air chamber hole 62 in sequence by fixing bolts 2.

[0027] Specifically, the seed metering tray 3 has a through square hole 58 at its center; a support frame is connected to the back of the seed metering tray 3, the support frame includes three cylindrical legs and an annular cover plate, one end of the three cylindrical legs is fixedly connected to the back of the seed metering tray 3, and the other end is connected to the annular cover plate; a seed metering tray fixing hole 57 is provided on the annular cover plate, and the transmission bracket bolt 6 passes through the seed metering tray fixing hole 57 and the transmission bracket hole 8 in sequence to fix the seed metering tray 3 and the transmission bracket 7 in sequence; during the operation of the seed metering device, the air in the seed chamber passes through the seed suction hole 56 and the negative pressure air hole 59 in sequence, and is drawn out from the negative pressure hole 61 of the air chamber, thereby forming a negative pressure airflow in the air chamber for adsorbing seeds.

[0028] Specifically, the active seed filling device 10 includes an eccentric drive shaft 33, a main shaft gear 34, an idler gear 36, an output gear 53, a star wheel 51, a seed-feeding connecting rod 49, a seeding baffle 40, a seeding baffle bracket 41, and a gear baffle 47. The eccentric drive shaft 33 passes sequentially through the square hole 58 of the seed metering disc and the square hole 35 of the main shaft gear, and is fixedly connected to the main shaft gear 34 by a square pin 55 passing through the eccentric drive shaft fixing square hole 54. The square shaft portion of the output gear 53 passes through the star wheel square hole 50. One end of the seed-feeding connecting rod 49 is sleeved on the eccentric shaft section of the eccentric drive shaft 33 through the seed-feeding connecting rod hinge hole 39, and the other end passes through... The seed-dispensing connecting rod is hinged to the lower end of the sowing baffle 40 via the hinge hole 48; the upper middle part of the sowing baffle 40 is hinged to the sowing baffle bracket 41 via the bracket hinge hole 42; the idler wheel 36 meshes with the main shaft gear 34 and the output gear 53, and the shaft ends of the idler wheel 36 and the output gear 53 pass through the gear baffle hinge hole 45 and are axially fixed in the idler wheel pin hole 37 and the output gear pin hole 52 respectively by the cotter pin 38; the seed-dispensing baffle bolt 44 passes through the bracket fixing hole 43, the gear baffle fixing hole 46 and the outer shell connecting hole 63 in sequence to fix the seed-dispensing baffle bracket 41 and the gear baffle 47 on the seed chamber shell 11.

[0029] Specifically, the serrated seed cleaning device 4 includes a serrated seed cleaning knife 23 and a serrated seed cleaning knife adjusting handle 24. The left end of the serrated seed cleaning knife 23 is hinged to the seed chamber housing 11 by a bolt passing through the serrated seed cleaning knife hinge hole 22 and hinge hole 15 in sequence. The serrated seed cleaning knife adjusting handle 24 is hinged to the seed chamber housing 11 by an adjusting bolt 26 passing through the adjusting handle hole 25 and adjusting hole 5. The cylindrical structure on the serrated seed cleaning knife adjusting handle 24 is connected to the serrated seed cleaning knife 23. 3. The straight groove on the right side is tangentially fitted; the toggle-type seed cleaning device 9 includes a toggle-type seed cleaning plate 27 and a toggle-type seed cleaning device adjustment handle 31; the toggle-type seed cleaning plate 27 passes through the toggle-type seed cleaning device mounting hole 19, the two cylindrical structures on the toggle-type seed cleaning plate 27 pass through the two adjustment handle fixing holes 29, and the toggle-type seed cleaning plate 27 and the toggle-type seed cleaning device adjustment handle 31 are fixedly connected by connecting bolts 32 passing through the seed cleaning plate connecting hole 28 and the adjustment handle connecting hole 30 in sequence.

[0030] The working principle of the above-mentioned pneumatic corn seed metering device with star wheel and push bar working together for active seed filling is as follows:

[0031] Within the seed filling zone, the seed metering disc 3 rotates and drives the eccentric drive shaft 33 and main shaft gear 34 of the active seed filling device 10 to rotate synchronously. The main shaft gear 34 drives the star wheel 51 to rotate for seed filling through the step-by-step meshing transmission with the idler wheel 36 and the output gear 53. At the same time, the eccentric shaft section of the eccentric drive shaft 33 drives the sowing baffle 40 to reciprocate through the seed-pulling connecting rod 49.

[0032] During actual operation, the external fan is activated to establish a preset negative pressure in the air chamber, and corn seeds are fed into the seed chamber shell 11. When the seed suction hole 56 rotates into the seed filling area with the seed dispensing disc 3, the seeds in a piled-up state are effectively broken up by the reciprocating stirring action of the sowing baffle 40. At the same time, with the rotational pushing force of the star wheel 51, the seeds are actively and continuously gathered near the seed suction hole 56. Under the attraction of the negative pressure in the air chamber, the seeds are stably adsorbed onto the seed suction hole 56. Subsequently, the seed suction hole 56 carries the seeds and rotates into the seed cleaning area. Under the synergistic action of the serrated seed cleaning device 4 and the toggle-type seed cleaning device 9 on both the upper and lower sides, the excess seeds attached to the seed suction hole 56 are efficiently removed, thereby achieving precise control of the adsorption state of individual seeds. When the single adsorbed seed rotates to the seeding area, the negative pressure at the seed suction hole 56 is cut off by the blocking effect of the seeding partition 64. Under the action of its own gravity and centrifugal force, the corn seed leaves the seed suction hole 56 and falls smoothly into the seed furrow to complete the sowing.

[0033] In summary, this invention systematically and organically combines the star wheel and push bar collaborative active seed filling mechanism with the air-suction seed metering device structure, successfully solving the problems of insufficient seed filling efficiency and high missed seeding rate caused by short seed filling time and seed arching in traditional seed metering devices under high-speed operation conditions. This design significantly improves the seed filling sufficiency of the suction hole and the probability of single-seed capture, while, combined with precise seed cleaning on both sides, effectively reducing the reseeding rate and ensuring the continuity and stability of the entire seed metering process. This invention greatly enhances the adaptability of the seed metering device to high-speed precision seeding operation conditions, and has significant technical driving force and engineering promotion value for improving maize seeding quality.

Claims

1. A pneumatic corn seed metering device with active seed filling via a star wheel and a pusher bar, comprising an air chamber shell, a seed chamber shell, a seed metering disc, a transmission support, an active seed filling device, a serrated seed cleaning device, and a pusher-type seed cleaning device; wherein the air chamber shell mates with the back of the seed metering disc to form the air chamber, and the seed chamber shell mates with the front of the seed metering disc to form the seed chamber; the seed metering disc has a plurality of seed suction holes arranged circumferentially, and the transmission support drives the seed metering disc to rotate within the seed metering device shell; along the working rotation direction of the seed metering disc, the space of the seed chamber is sequentially divided into a seed filling area, a seed cleaning area, and a seed dispensing area; characterized in that: An active seed filling device is installed in the seed filling area; a serrated seed cleaning device and a toggle seed cleaning device are installed in the seed cleaning area.

2. The pneumatic corn seed metering device with star wheel and push bar co-operating active seed filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower parts of the seed chamber shell are respectively equipped with an upper transparent cover and a lower transparent cover, and the lower transparent cover has a hole for mounting a toggle-type seed cleaning device; the left and right sides of the seed chamber shell are respectively connected to the air chamber shell by bolts.

3. The pneumatic corn seed metering device with star wheel and push bar co-operating active seed filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed metering tray has a through square hole at its center; a support frame is connected to the back of the seed metering tray, the support frame includes three cylindrical legs and an annular cover plate, one end of the three cylindrical legs is fixedly connected to the back of the seed metering tray, and the other end is connected to the annular cover plate; bolt holes are provided on the annular cover plate, and the seed metering tray is fixedly connected to the transmission bracket through the bolt holes; during the operation of the seed metering device, the air in the seed chamber passes through the seed suction hole and the negative pressure air hole in sequence, and is drawn out from the negative pressure hole of the air chamber, thereby forming a negative pressure airflow in the air chamber for adsorbing seeds.

4. The pneumatic corn seed metering device with star wheel and push bar working together for active seed filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active seed filling device includes an eccentric drive shaft, a main shaft gear, an idler gear, an output gear, a star wheel, a seed-feeding connecting rod, a seeding baffle, a seeding baffle bracket, and a gear baffle. The eccentric drive shaft passes sequentially through the central square hole of the seed metering disc and the main shaft gear, and is fixedly connected to the main shaft gear by a square pin. One end of the seed-feeding connecting rod is sleeved on the eccentric shaft section of the eccentric drive shaft, and the other end is hinged to the lower end of the seeding baffle. The upper middle part of the seeding baffle is hinged to the seeding baffle bracket. The idler gear meshes with the main shaft gear and the output gear, and the shaft ends of the idler gear and the output gear pass through the gear baffle and are fixed by cotter pins. The seeding baffle bracket and the gear baffle are both fixedly installed on the seed chamber shell.

5. The pneumatic corn seed metering device with star wheel and push bar working together for active seed filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The serrated seed cleaning device includes a serrated seed cleaning knife and a serrated seed cleaning knife adjustment handle; the left end of the serrated seed cleaning knife is hinged to the seed chamber shell, and the serrated seed cleaning knife adjustment handle is hinged to the seed chamber shell by bolts, and the cylindrical structure on the serrated seed cleaning knife adjustment handle is tangentially fitted with the straight groove on the right side of the serrated seed cleaning knife; the toggle-type seed cleaning device includes a toggle-type seed cleaning plate and a toggle-type seed cleaning device adjustment handle; the toggle-type seed cleaning plate passes through the mounting hole of the transparent cover plate under the seed chamber shell and is fixedly connected to the toggle-type seed cleaning device adjustment handle by a wedge structure.

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