Rapeseed transplanting and simultaneous hole fertilizing mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of oilseed rape transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism, it is related to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, including frame, drive device, with the drive gear connected with drive device and the follow-up gear transmission connection with drive gear, the drive gear is transmission connection with oilseed rape transplanting planting part, the follow-up gear is transmission connection with fertilizer distributor, the speed ratio of oilseed rape transplanting planting part with the drive gear is Z1, the number of fertilizer discharge slot of fertilizer distributor is the integer multiple M of the number of seedling claw of oilseed rape transplanting planting part, the number of teeth ratio of follow-up gear with drive gear is Z1 / M, precision synchronous operation of one hole one fertilizer is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a mechanism for simultaneous hole fertilization during rapeseed transplanting. Background Technology

[0002] Hole fertilization, as a precision fertilization method, delivers a fixed amount of fertilizer to each individual hole, enabling targeted and quantitative fertilization. This technology not only effectively reduces the volatilization and leaching loss of fertilizer active ingredients and significantly improves fertilizer utilization, but also offers comprehensive benefits such as fertilizer saving, yield increase, and soil improvement. It is an effective technical path to achieve the comprehensive agricultural goals of "high yield, high quality, high efficiency, environmental protection, and soil improvement," and is of great significance for ensuring sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Currently, fertilizer application during rapeseed transplanting remains relatively inefficient, primarily relying on manual broadcasting and strip application. These two traditional methods have the following significant drawbacks: Large application rate and low utilization rate: It is difficult to accurately control the amount of fertilizer applied to each hole by manual broadcasting and strip application. In order to ensure crop growth, excessive fertilizer is often applied, resulting in a large amount of fertilizer not being absorbed by the crop and causing waste of resources.

[0004] Soil degradation and environmental pollution: Excessive application of chemical fertilizers accumulates in the soil, which can easily cause soil compaction and acidification, damage the structure of the topsoil, and enter water bodies through surface runoff and leaching, exacerbating the risk of agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0005] Constraining sustainable development: Long-term unreasonable fertilization practices not only increase production costs, but also contradict the current requirements for green, low-carbon, and sustainable agricultural development.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop and design a synchronous hole fertilization mechanism for rapeseed transplanting to achieve integrated operation of transplanting and precision fertilization, which is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism, enabling integrated operation of transplanting and precision fertilization.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism includes a frame, a drive device, a drive gear connected to the drive device, and a follower gear driven by the drive gear. The drive gear is driven by the rapeseed transplanting and planting section, and the follower gear is driven by the fertilizer applicator. The rotational speed ratio between the rapeseed transplanting and planting section and the drive gear is Z1. The number of fertilizer applicator troughs is an integer multiple M of the number of seedling claws in the rapeseed transplanting and planting section. The tooth ratio between the follower gear and the drive gear is Z1 / M.

[0009] Preferably, the drive gear and the follower gear are connected by a transmission chain.

[0010] Preferably, the fertilizer discharger includes a housing mounted on the frame, a fertilizer discharge groove wheel mounted inside the housing, a fertilizer discharge groove mounted on the fertilizer discharge groove wheel, and a fertilizer discharge pipe communicating with the lower end of the housing. The fertilizer discharge groove wheel is connected to the fertilizer discharger via a fertilizer discharger drive shaft and a bearing seat mounted on the fertilizer discharger drive shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a fertilizer-removing brush is provided on the inner sidewall of the housing.

[0012] Preferably, the rapeseed transplanting and planting section 7 includes a rapeseed transplanting claw drive box assembly, a rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft, a rotary box assembly that is drivenly connected to the rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft, and a planting component that is drivenly connected to the rotary box assembly. At least one of the seedling claws is evenly arranged on the planting component.

[0013] Preferably, the output end of the drive device is connected to the drive gear via the drive shaft of the rapeseed transplanting and planting section.

[0014] Preferably, the fertilizer applicator drive shaft is arranged parallel to the rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the frame is provided with a rapeseed transplanting guide frame, and the rapeseed transplanting guide frame is provided with a placement groove for placing rapeseed, and the placement groove is positioned directly opposite the seedling claw.

[0016] Preferably, the frame is provided with wheels.

[0017] Preferably, the drive device is a PTO power output shaft or a drive motor mounted on the frame.

[0018] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: By precisely setting the gear ratio between the follower gear and the drive gear to Z1 / M, and utilizing the linkage between the drive gear and the follower gear, the movement of the rapeseed transplanting and planting section and the fertilizer discharge action of the fertilizer applicator are forcibly locked in time and space, achieving precise synchronous operation of one fertilizer application per hole. This mechanism not only completely eliminates the problems of missed application, double application, and fertilizer position deviation that are common in manual broadcasting or strip fertilization, but also allows for precise control of the amount of fertilizer applied per hole, significantly improving fertilizer utilization and reducing soil compaction and environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization. Moreover, its purely mechanical linkage method does not require an additional electrical control system, has extremely high transmission reliability and operational stability, reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty, and provides a highly efficient, precise, environmentally friendly, and cost-controllable synchronous hole fertilization solution for rapeseed transplanting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism disclosed in this invention; Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer discharge groove wheel structure of the rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism disclosed in this invention; Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fertilizer applicator of the rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism disclosed in this invention; Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rapeseed transplanting and planting section of the rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism disclosed in this invention; The components include: 1. PTO power output shaft; 2. drive gear; 3. transmission chain; 4. follower gear; 5. fertilizer applicator drive shaft; 6. fertilizer applicator; 7. rapeseed transplanting and planting section; 8. fertilizer applicator trough; 9. upper housing; 10. fertilizer applicator wheel; 11. fertilizer cleaning brush; 12. lower housing; 13. bearing seat; 14. fertilizer applicator pipe; 15. rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft; 16. rotary box assembly; 17. rapeseed transplanting seedling claw drive box assembly; and 18. seedling claw. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism to realize the integrated operation of transplanting and precision fertilization.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] refer to Figures 1-4The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism disclosed in this embodiment of the invention includes at least a frame, a drive device, a drive gear 2 mounted on the frame and connected to the drive device, and a follower gear 4 connected to the drive gear 2. The drive gear 2 is connected to the rapeseed transplanting and planting section 7, and the follower gear 4 is connected to the fertilizer applicator 6. The rotational speed ratio between the rapeseed transplanting and planting section 7 and the drive gear 2 is Z1. The number of fertilizer applicator 6 fertilizer applicator grooves 8 is an integer multiple M of the number of seedling claws 18 in the rapeseed transplanting and planting section 7. The tooth ratio between the follower gear 4 and the drive gear is Z1 / M. By precisely setting the tooth ratio between the follower gear 4 and the drive gear 2 to Z1 / M, and utilizing the drive gear 2 and the follower gear... The linkage of 4 forces the action of the rapeseed transplanting and planting unit 7 and the fertilizer discharge action of the fertilizer discharger 6 to be locked in time and space, realizing precise synchronous operation of one fertilizer per hole. This mechanism not only completely eliminates the problems of missed application, double application and fertilizer position deviation that are common in manual broadcasting or strip fertilization, but also allows for precise control of the amount of fertilizer applied per hole, significantly improving fertilizer utilization and reducing soil compaction and environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization. Moreover, its purely mechanical linkage method does not require an additional electrical control system, has extremely high transmission reliability and operational stability, reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty, and provides a highly efficient, precise, environmentally friendly and cost-controllable synchronous hole fertilization solution for rapeseed transplanting operations.

[0025] It should be noted that the number of seedling claws 18 mentioned here refers to the number of seedling claws 18 corresponding to a single fertilizer applicator 6. Multiple fertilizer applicators 6 can also be set in a row. The transmission relationship in this embodiment is as follows: The drive gear 2 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 15 of the transplanting and planting unit via a key connection, and the follower gear 4 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 5 of the fertilizer applicator via a key connection. The drive gear 2 and the follower gear 4 are meshed and transmitted through the transmission chain 3. The power of the drive shaft 15 of the transplanting and planting unit comes from the drive device of the transplanter (such as the PTO of a tractor or the ground wheels). This power simultaneously drives the rapeseed transplanting and planting unit 7 (with a speed of V1, the same speed as the drive gear 2) and the fertilizer applicator 6 (with a speed of V3, the same speed as the follower gear 4) to perform their respective working actions.

[0026] The rotational speed of the drive shaft 15 of the transplanting and planting section is V2, and the rotational speed ratio V1 / V2 between the rapeseed transplanting and planting section 7 and the drive shaft 15 of the transplanting and planting section is Z1. To achieve the goal of transplanting one rapeseed seedling and simultaneously applying fertilizer in the planting hole, V1 / V3=M must be satisfied.

[0027] Combine the two relations above: Because V1 = Z1 × V2 (derived from V1 / V2 = Z1) And because V3 = V1 / M Therefore, the relationship between the rotational speed V3 of the fertilizer applicator 6 and the rotational speed of the seedling claw drive shaft V2 is: V3 / V2=Z1 / M This speed relationship is achieved using the gear ratio. For gear and chain drives, there is a basic formula: Driving gear speed / driven gear speed = number of teeth on driven gear / number of teeth on driving gear That is, the driving wheel is the drive gear 2 (which moves at the same speed as the seedling claw drive shaft V2), and the driven wheel is the follower gear 4 (which moves at the same speed as the fertilizer applicator 6V3). Therefore, the rotational speed of driving gear 2 / rotational speed of follower gear 4 = number of teeth of follower gear 4 / number of teeth of driving gear 2 Right now: V2 / V3 = Number of teeth on the follower gear (4) / Number of teeth on the drive gear (2) Substituting the above result V3 / V2=Z1 / M into the equation and taking the reciprocal of both sides, we get: V2 / V3=M / Z1 therefore: Number of teeth on follower gear 4 / Number of teeth on drive gear 2 = M / Z1.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 In one implementation method, the drive gear 2 and the follower gear 4 are connected by a transmission chain 3. By using a transmission chain 3 to connect the drive gear 2 and the follower gear 4, the center distance between the two can be flexibly arranged within a large range, which completely breaks through the strict limitation of the wheelbase on direct gear meshing. This allows the fertilizer applicator 6 to be installed at any position away from the planting transmission box according to the overall machine space layout requirements, greatly optimizing the flexibility of the overall machine structure layout.

[0029] refer to Figures 2-3In one embodiment, the fertilizer applicator 6 includes a housing mounted on a frame. The housing includes an upper housing 9 and a lower housing 12. A fertilizer applicator wheel 10 is disposed inside the lower housing 12, and a fertilizer applicator groove 8 is formed on the fertilizer applicator wheel 10. A fertilizer applicator pipe 14 is connected to the lower end of the lower housing 12. A follower gear 4 is connected to the fertilizer applicator drive shaft 5 via a key. The fertilizer applicator drive shaft 5 is connected to the fertilizer applicator wheel 10 via a bearing seat 13. By configuring the fertilizer applicator 6 as a combination structure including the upper housing 9, lower housing 12, fertilizer applicator wheel 10, fertilizer applicator groove 8, and fertilizer applicator pipe 14, and fixing the follower gear 4 to the fertilizer applicator drive shaft 5 via a key connection, the fertilizer applicator drive shaft 5 is connected to the fertilizer applicator wheel 10 via a bearing seat 13. The bearing seat 13 is connected to the fertilizer discharge wheel 10, forming a complete and stable power transmission path from the end of the chain drive to the fertilizer discharge execution terminal. The fertilizer discharge trough 8 is directly opened on the upper and lower shells 12 of the fertilizer discharge wheel 10 and connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe 14 in an integrated structural design. This allows the fertilizer to fall directly into the fertilizer hole through the fertilizer discharge pipe 14 after it is turned out of the fertilizer discharge trough 8. The entire fertilizer discharge channel has no intermediate transfer links, which greatly shortens the fertilizer transportation path, effectively reduces the risk of blockage and particle breakage during the transportation process, and ensures a high degree of consistency in the amount of fertilizer applied in a single hole. This provides a precise, stable and reliable terminal execution guarantee for synchronous hole fertilization in rapeseed transplanting.

[0030] refer to Figure 3 As a preferred method, a fertilizer cleaning brush 11 is provided on the inner side wall of the upper housing 9, so that the bristles of the fertilizer cleaning brush 11 maintain dynamic contact with the surface of the fertilizer discharge wheel 10 and the opening edge of the fertilizer discharge trough 8. During the continuous rotation of the fertilizer discharge wheel 10, the fertilizer cleaning brush 11 can promptly scrape off the fertilizer particles and dust adhering to the surface and inside the fertilizer discharge trough 8, effectively preventing the reduction of the effective volume and the decrease of the filling rate of the fertilizer discharge trough 8 due to fertilizer absorbing moisture and clumping or the adhesion of small particles. This ensures that each fertilizer discharge trough 8 can complete the quantitative filling with the same effective volume each time it rotates to the filling area, thereby significantly improving the consistency and accuracy of single fertilizer discharge.

[0031] refer to Figure 4In one embodiment, the rapeseed transplanting and planting section 7 includes a rapeseed transplanting claw drive box assembly 17, a rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft 15, and a rotary box assembly 16. The rotary box assembly 16 is connected to a planting component, on which at least one seedling claw 18 is evenly arranged. The rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft 15 serves as the power input end, converting continuous rotational motion into intermittent reciprocating oscillation or rotational motion required by the planting component through the rotary box assembly 16. This achieves precise timing control of the seedling claw 18's actions at each stage, including seedling receiving, lowering, planting, seedling placement, and return to position. This ensures that each seedling claw 18 completes the planting of a single seedling with the same trajectory and planting posture within each rotation cycle. Planting operation; at least one seedling claw 18 evenly arranged on the planting component ensures that the action interval and planting spacing between each seedling claw 18 are consistent when multiple workstations operate simultaneously or sequentially, effectively avoiding missed planting and uneven plant spacing; in addition, the drive box assembly provides a sealed transmission medium and reliable support foundation for the entire planting part, effectively isolating the intrusion and corrosion of field soil, dust and water stains on the internal transmission mechanism, ensuring the transmission accuracy and working stability of the planting part under long-term continuous operation conditions, and providing a stable, reliable and precisely corresponding planting action input source for the synchronous hole fertilization mechanism, thereby ensuring that the planting action of each seedling and each fertilization action achieve a strict one-to-one correspondence in time and space.

[0032] When the drive shaft 15 of the rapeseed transplanting and planting section drives the gear in the rotary box assembly 16 to rotate, it drives the gear in the rapeseed transplanting claw drive box assembly 17 to rotate, thereby realizing the transplanting of rapeseed.

[0033] It should be noted that the planting component is a disc-shaped structure that rotates around its center. The seedling claws 18 are set on the outer periphery of the disc-shaped structure. The evenly distributed layout of the seedling claws 18 on the outer periphery of the disc-shaped structure ensures that each seedling claw 18 passes through the seedling receiving position, planting position, and reset position in the same sequence with the same motion trajectory and speed curve during one rotation of the disc. This achieves equal intervals and rhythmic sequential operation among the seedling claws 18 in multiple positions, ensuring uniform and consistent planting spacing. In addition, the disc-shaped structure can use its own centrifugal force during rotation to assist the seedling claws 18 in smoothly detaching the seedling at the seedling placement position, eliminating the need for additional ejection or catapult mechanisms. This simplifies the overall structure of the planting component and reduces manufacturing costs and failure rate.

[0034] refer to Figure 1As one implementation method, the output end of the drive device is connected to the drive gear 2 through the drive shaft 15 of the rapeseed transplanting and planting part. This allows the drive shaft 15 of the rapeseed transplanting and planting part to not only undertake the core power transmission function of driving the planting part to complete the planting action, but also serve as the power input starting point of the fertilization mechanism. It synchronously transmits the power output of the drive device to the drive gear 2 and further transmits it to the fertilizer applicator 6 through chain transmission, thus realizing that the planting action and the fertilization action share the same power source and the power transmission path is fully coupled.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 As one implementation method, the fertilizer applicator drive shaft 5 is arranged parallel to the rapeseed transplanting and planting part drive shaft 15, so that the drive gear 2 and the follower gear 4 can accurately mesh in the same plane through the transmission chain 3. This avoids the need to add reversing transmission components due to the cross or non-plane arrangement of shafts, greatly simplifies the transmission path structure and installation accuracy requirements, and reduces manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 As one implementation method, a rapeseed transplanting guide frame is set on the frame, and a placement slot for placing rapeseed is opened on the rapeseed transplanting guide frame. The placement slot is set directly opposite the seedling claw 18. The setting of the placement slot allows the operator or automatic seedling supply device to put the rapeseed seedlings into the guide frame in a uniform posture and approximate position without having to precisely align with the high-speed rotating seedling claw 18. This greatly reduces the difficulty of seedling placement operation and the dependence on manual skill, effectively reduces the labor intensity of the operator and improves the seedling placement efficiency.

[0037] refer to Figure 1 As one implementation method, the machine is equipped with wheels under the frame, which enables the entire rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism to move on its own or with a traction device. It can move smoothly in the field without the need for additional complex suspension support devices, which significantly improves the machine's field passability and operational flexibility.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 In one implementation, the drive unit is either the PTO power output shaft 1 of the tractor or a drive motor mounted on the frame. By setting the drive unit to either the PTO power output shaft 1 or an independent drive motor as two optional power sources, a compatible power platform is constructed that is suitable for large-scale planting and small-scale precision operations, effectively expanding the applicability and market adaptability of the synchronous hole fertilization mechanism.

[0039] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A mechanism for simultaneous hole fertilization during rapeseed transplanting, characterized in that, The device includes a frame, a drive unit, a drive gear (2) connected to the drive unit, and a follower gear (4) connected to the drive gear (2). The drive gear (2) is connected to the rapeseed transplanting and planting section (7), and the follower gear (4) is connected to the fertilizer applicator (6). The speed ratio between the rapeseed transplanting and planting section (7) and the drive gear (2) is Z1. The number of fertilizer applicators (6) is an integer multiple M of the number of seedling claws (18) of the rapeseed transplanting and planting section (7). The tooth ratio between the follower gear (4) and the drive gear (2) is Z1 / M.

2. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive gear (2) and the follower gear (4) are connected by a transmission chain (3).

3. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer discharger (6) includes a housing mounted on the frame, a fertilizer discharge groove wheel (10) mounted inside the housing, a fertilizer discharge groove (8) mounted on the fertilizer discharge groove wheel (10), and a fertilizer discharge pipe (14) communicating with the lower end of the housing. The fertilizer discharge groove wheel (10) is connected to the fertilizer discharge groove wheel (10) via the fertilizer discharger drive shaft (5) and a bearing seat (12) mounted on the fertilizer discharger drive shaft (5).

4. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, A fertilizer cleaning brush (11) is provided on the inner wall of the shell.

5. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rapeseed transplanting and planting section (7) includes a rapeseed transplanting claw drive box assembly (17), a rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft (15), a rotary box assembly (16) that is connected to the rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft (15), and a planting component that is connected to the rotary box assembly (16). At least one of the seedling claws (18) is evenly arranged on the planting component.

6. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The output end of the drive device is connected to the drive gear (2) via the drive shaft (15) of the rapeseed transplanting and planting section.

7. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fertilizer applicator drive shaft (5) is arranged parallel to the rapeseed transplanting and planting section drive shaft (15).

8. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame is equipped with a rapeseed transplanting guide frame, and the rapeseed transplanting guide frame is provided with a placement groove for placing rapeseed. The placement groove is positioned opposite to the seedling claw (18).

9. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame is equipped with wheels.

10. The rapeseed transplanting synchronous hole fertilization mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drive device is a PTO power output shaft (1) or a drive motor mounted on the frame.

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