A tool for taking a chip-like metal sample

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of broken chip-shaped metal sample turning tool, belong to lathe tool technical field, comprising: handle, the side of its end portion is provided with installation groove;Tool holder, it is inserted in installation groove, the longitudinal section of tool holder is equilateral triangle, the side of tool holder is provided with installation cavity, the inner side wall of installation cavity is parallel with the outer side wall of tool holder, and the inner bottom wall of installation cavity and the side close to its opening end are provided with cutting edge;Elastic connecting component, it is installed in installation cavity.This equipment is designed through elastic connecting component, deflector and positioning assembly, when chip sampling is carried out to metal cutting, the positioning of deflector is cancelled through positioning assembly, under the action of elastic connecting component, deflector is displaced to the outside of tool holder, i.e., the guiding inclined plane of different inclination angle can be rotated and switched to deflector, sampling to the required length of chip is realized, the effect that a variety of length chips can be sampled is achieved, and the applicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lathe tool technology, and more specifically, to a lathe tool for taking broken metal samples. Background Technology

[0002] Metallic materials are widely used in various material processing and equipment manufacturing fields. The physicochemical properties of metallic materials are closely related to their chemical composition. Routine sampling of metallic materials is necessary when testing their chemical composition. A cutting tool for collecting broken metal samples is a specialized tool used in metal cutting processes to collect standard broken chip samples. Through its tool body structure and guide structure, it guides and shapes the cutting chips, thereby obtaining metal chip samples with regular shape and length. This provides reliable sample data for subsequent metallographic analysis, mechanical property testing, and cutting parameter optimization.

[0003] Currently, the chip-breaking lathe tool structures used for metal sample collection are relatively fixed, generally employing a fixed guide and chip-breaking structure. During the machining process, the guide plate and chip-breaking groove structure are fixed to the tool holder surface, keeping the guide slope angle and chip-breaking spacing constant. During metal cutting sampling, the fixed-angle guide structure guides and breaks the chips, outputting only a single chip sample of fixed length, thus completing the conventional metal chip sampling operation.

[0004] While the existing technical solutions described above can achieve the relevant beneficial effects through their structure, they still have the following drawbacks: Existing cutting tools have fixed guide plate angles and chip-breaking guide structures, making it impossible to switch the guide slope angle according to test requirements. They can only cut metal chip samples of a single fixed length, failing to sample chips of various lengths. When faced with diverse sampling needs corresponding to different test standards and cutting parameters, the fixed structure cannot flexibly adapt, requiring the replacement of different sampling cutting tools to complete multiple sets of sampling tests. This results in poor equipment adaptability and difficulty in meeting actual cutting needs.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a lathe tool for taking broken metal samples. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lathe tool for taking broken metal samples, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The present invention provides a lathe tool for taking broken metal samples, comprising: The handle has a mounting groove on one side of its end; The tool holder is inserted into the mounting slot. The longitudinal section of the tool holder is an equilateral triangle. A mounting cavity is opened on one side of the tool holder. The inner side wall of the mounting cavity is parallel to the outer side wall of the tool holder. A cutting edge is opened on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity and on the side near its opening end. A flexible connection assembly is installed within the mounting cavity; A guide plate is rotatably connected to the end of an elastic connecting component. The guide plate can be inserted into the mounting cavity and fits against its inner sidewall. Three guide slopes are provided on the three sides of the guide plate away from the elastic connecting component. The inclination angles of the three guide slopes are different. An arc-shaped guide surface is provided at the end of the guide slope near the cutting edge. The ends of the three arc-shaped guide surfaces are located on the same vertical plane. When the guide plate is inserted into the mounting cavity, the end of the arc-shaped guide surface is flush with the end of the cutting edge. A sampling groove is formed between the guide slope, the arc-shaped guide surface and the cutting edge. A break plate is installed at the bottom of the knife holder; The positioning assembly includes a positioning pin that horizontally moves through the guide plate and the tool holder. The positioning pin contains an adjusting component, which allows for fixing the tool holder and tool shank together. The adjusting component also allows the positioning pin to have two different configurations: In the first configuration, the positioning pin limits the guide plate so that the guide plate is inserted into the mounting cavity; In the second configuration, the positioning pin does not limit the flow guide plate, and the elastic connecting assembly drives the flow guide plate to move to the outside of the tool holder.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic connection assembly includes a connecting plate, a spring telescopic rod, and a connecting ring. The connecting plate is installed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity away from its opening end. The connecting plate is symmetrically fixed with horizontal spring telescopic rods. The ends of the two spring telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the connecting ring. The guide plate is rotatably connected to the connecting ring. The positioning pin moves through the connecting ring and the connecting plate, and the positioning pin is coaxial with the connecting ring.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning pin includes a pin rod that movably passes through the guide plate and the tool holder. One end of the pin rod passing through the tool holder has a thread, and the other end movably passes through two connecting rods in a horizontal direction. The ends of the two connecting rods are connected to pin heads. The side of the pin head away from the connecting rods has a mating groove with a longitudinal section of regular hexagon. A mating screw groove is provided on the tool holder and inside the mounting groove. The thread can engage with the mating screw groove. An adjusting component is installed on the pin rod and connected to the pin head. The adjusting component is used to fix or unfix the pin rod and the pin head.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting component includes a rotating rod that is horizontally oriented and rotatably mounted on the pin head. One end of the rotating rod extends into the mating groove and has a notch. The pin head has a sliding groove and a circular cavity. The circular cavity is located on the side of the sliding groove away from the pin head and is connected to the sliding groove. The other end of the rotating rod extends movably through the pin head into the sliding groove. A snap-fit ​​plate that is slidably connected to the sliding groove is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod. When the pin head and the pin head are in contact, the snap-fit ​​plate extends into the circular cavity and snaps against its inner sidewall.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity on the side away from its opening end by screws; The mounting cavity has cutting edges on three sides near its opening end, and the three cutting edges have the same inclination angle.

[0012] Preferably, the tool holder has a vent hole at the middle of each of its three side walls that communicates with the interior of the vent hole, and the tool handle has a groove that communicates with one side of the mounting groove. The vent hole near the groove is located inside the groove. An air supply component is installed inside the groove, and the air outlet of the air supply component is connected to the vent hole.

[0013] Preferably, the air supply assembly includes a fixing seat fixedly installed in the groove by screws. The fixing seat has a receiving cavity at one end near the inner sidewall of the mounting groove. A vent pipe is fixedly installed through the fixing seat. One end of the vent pipe extends into the receiving cavity. An annular plate is fixedly sleeved on the end of the vent pipe extending into the receiving cavity. A corrugated hose is fixedly connected to the end of the vent pipe extending into the receiving cavity. A connector is fixedly connected to the other end of the corrugated hose. The connector can be inserted into the vent hole and its cross-section fits with the inner sidewall of the vent hole. An annular plate is fixedly installed on the outer sidewall of the connector. A connecting spring sleeved on the outside of the corrugated hose is fixedly installed between the annular plate and the annular plate. The outer sidewall of the end of the connector extending into the receiving cavity is inclined.

[0014] Preferably, the break plate includes a connecting seat and a plate integrally formed on one side of the connecting seat. The top of the connecting seat has an air guide cavity, and the top of the connecting seat can be inserted into the air vent and fit against its inner side wall. The end of the plate away from the connecting seat has an exhaust hole that communicates with the air guide cavity. The bottom of the knife handle and the outside of the mounting groove is fixedly installed with a support plate by screws. The end of the support plate extends to the bottom of the connecting seat and fits against its bottom.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing ring is fixedly installed on the connecting plate and sleeved on the outside of the connecting ring. The sealing ring seals all three vent holes. The sealing ring has a first air guide hole that communicates with the vent hole near the groove, and a second air guide hole that communicates with the vent hole located at the bottom of the tool holder.

[0016] Preferably, three mounting blocks are fixedly installed in a ring array on the side of the guide plate near the connecting plate and outside the connecting ring. An adjusting block is fixedly installed on the outside of each of the three mounting blocks. The thickness of the three adjusting blocks is different, and the three adjusting blocks correspond one-to-one with the three guide slopes. A ventilation volume adjustment component for sealing the second air guide hole is fixedly installed inside the sealing ring. One of the adjusting blocks can abut against the top of the ventilation volume adjustment component. A pressure transmitter is fixedly installed on the ventilation pipe. The ventilation volume regulating assembly includes a valve housing fixedly installed inside the sealing ring and connected to the second air guide hole. Symmetrically fixed to the top of the valve housing are two vertically oriented spring telescopic rods. Abutment blocks are fixedly connected to the tops of the two spring telescopic rods. The tops of the abutment blocks are arc-shaped. An arc-shaped sealing block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve housing. An arc-shaped sealing block is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped sealing block, and an arc-shaped sealing block is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped sealing block. The bottom heights of the arc-shaped sealing blocks are progressively lower, and the cross-sections of the inner walls of the arc-shaped sealing blocks are circular. A vertical rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the abutment block, and a sealing plate with a circular cross-section is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical rod. The sealing plate can be inserted into the valve housing and fits against the inner wall of the arc-shaped sealing block. Beneficial effects

[0017] One or more technical solutions provided in this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. This equipment, through the design of elastic connection components, guide plates, and positioning components, eliminates the limitation on the guide plate when sampling chips from metal cutting. Under the force of the elastic connection components, the guide plate is pushed to the outside of the tool holder, allowing the guide plate to be rotated and switched to guide slopes with different tilt angles, thus achieving the effect of sampling chips of various lengths and improving applicability.

[0018] 2. Utilizing a special design where cutting edges are provided on all three sides of the mounting cavity near its opening, the triangle of the tool holder can be used as a tool tip. Therefore, when one of the cutting edges of the tool holder is damaged, the tool holder can be disassembled and rotated to place the other cutting edges at the bottom of the tool holder, thus achieving the effect of changing the tool tip position. This allows the lathe tool to be used normally and improves its service life.

[0019] 3. The special design of using a connecting plate fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity on the side away from its opening end by screws facilitates the disassembly of the connecting plate and the tool holder. Thus, when the cutting edges of all the cutting edges on the tool holder are damaged, the screws used to fix the connecting plate and the tool holder can be removed to disassemble the tool holder and the connecting plate, so that the tool holder can be replaced individually, reducing the maintenance cost of this equipment.

[0020] 4. Through the design of the air supply component and vent, the heat transferred from the chips to the guide plate during the metal cutting process is carried away by this cutting tool, reducing the temperature of the guide plate and thus facilitating heat dissipation of the chips. At the same time, it effectively avoids the situation where the heat of the chips is transferred to the guide plate during long-term turning operations, causing the guide plate temperature to rise and then be transferred back to the chips, reducing the chip heat dissipation effect and causing the chips to become brittle and slow. This prevents the chips from being unable to break effectively when the chip tip contacts the side wall of the plate. It helps to ensure the normal breaking of the chips and facilitates the acquisition of chips of a specific length during cutting sampling.

[0021] 5. Through the design of the sealing ring, after the gas comes into contact with the guide plate in the mounting cavity, it is discharged through the second air guide hole, and then discharged through the air guide cavity in the connecting seat and the exhaust hole in the plate. When the gas flows, it can simultaneously dissipate heat on the broken plate, effectively avoiding the heat of the chips from being conducted to the broken plate. The heat accumulation on the broken plate makes the plate soft, which causes the plate to deform when the chips come into contact with the plate. This leads to a change in the chip length when the chips break at the contact with the plate, thus further helping to ensure the consistency of the chip length of the cutting samples.

[0022] 6. Through the design of the adjusting block, air volume adjustment component and pressure transmitter, when the guide plate is rotated and adjusted according to the required chip length, the corresponding adjusting block and the contact block abut against each other. This can reduce equipment energy consumption while ensuring that the chips are brittle enough to be broken normally, thereby saving processing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fracture plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the positioning component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the gas supply component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sealing ring of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ventilation volume regulating component of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the ventilation volume regulating component of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Tool holder; 11. Mounting slot; 12. Groove; 13. Support plate; 14. Connecting screw groove; 2. Tool holder; 21. Mounting cavity; 22. Cutting edge; 23. Vent hole; 3. Flexible connecting assembly; 31. Connecting plate; 32. Spring telescopic rod one; 33. Connecting ring; 4. Guide plate; 41. Guide slope; 42. Arc-shaped guide surface; 43. Adjusting block; 5. Break plate; 51. Connecting seat; 52. Plate body; 6. Positioning assembly; 61. Positioning pin; 611. Pin rod; 6111. Slide groove; 6112. Circular cavity; 612. Thread; 613. 614 Connecting rod; 615 Pin head; 62 Adjusting component; 621 Rotating rod; 622 Snap-fit ​​plate; 7. Air supply assembly; 71 Fixed base; 72 Vent pipe; 721 Pressure transmitter; 73 Connecting spring; 74 Corrugated hose; 75 Insert pipe; 8. Sealing ring; 81 Air guide hole one; 82 Air guide hole two; 9. Air flow rate adjustment assembly; 91 Valve body; 92 Spring telescopic rod two; 93 Contact block; 94 Sealing block one; 95 Sealing block two; 96 Sealing block three; 97 Vertical pole; 98 Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a link; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 12 This invention provides a lathe tool for taking broken metal samples, comprising: The tool holder 1 has a mounting groove 11 on one side of its end; The tool holder 2 is inserted into the mounting groove 11. The longitudinal section of the tool holder 2 is an equilateral triangle. A mounting cavity 21 is provided on one side of the tool holder 2. The inner side wall of the mounting cavity 21 is parallel to the outer side wall of the tool holder 2. A cutting edge 22 is provided on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 21 and on the side near its opening end. The flexible connection component 3 is installed inside the mounting cavity 21; The guide plate 4 is rotatably connected to the end of the elastic connecting assembly 3. The guide plate 4 can be inserted into the mounting cavity 21 and fits against its inner sidewall. Three guide slopes 41 are provided on the three sides of the guide plate 4 away from the elastic connecting assembly 3. The inclination angles of the three guide slopes 41 are different. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the angle formed between the guide slope 41 with the largest inclination angle and the sidewall of the guide plate 4 is marked as the first angle, and the angle formed between the guide slope 41 with the smallest inclination angle and the sidewall of the guide plate 4 is marked as the third angle. The included angle formed between the outer guide slope 41 and the side wall of the guide plate 4 is marked as the second included angle. The angle value of the first included angle is greater than that of the second included angle, and the angle value of the second included angle is greater than that of the third included angle. An arc-shaped guide surface 42 is provided at one end of the guide slope 41 near the cutting edge 22. The ends of the three arc-shaped guide surfaces 42 are located on the same vertical plane. When the guide plate 4 is inserted into the mounting cavity 21, the end of the arc-shaped guide surface 42 is flush with the end of the cutting edge 22. A sampling groove is formed between the guide slope 41, the arc-shaped guide surface 42 and the cutting edge 22. The break plate 5 is located at the bottom of the knife holder 2; The positioning component 6 includes a positioning pin 61 that horizontally and movably penetrates the guide plate 4 and the tool holder 2. The positioning pin 61 has an adjusting component 62. The positioning pin 61 can fix the tool holder 2 to the tool shank 1, and the adjusting component 62 allows the positioning pin 61 to have two different configurations: In the first configuration, the positioning pin 61 limits the guide plate 4 so that the guide plate 4 is inserted into the mounting cavity 21; In the second configuration, the positioning pin 61 does not limit the flow guide plate 4, and the elastic connecting component 3 drives the flow guide plate 4 to move to the outside of the tool holder 2.

[0040] This equipment, through the design of the elastic connecting component 3, the guide plate 4, and the positioning component 6, allows for chip sampling during metal cutting. By removing the limit on the guide plate 4 through the positioning component 6, the guide plate 4 is pushed to the outside of the tool holder 2 under the force of the elastic connecting component 3. This allows the guide plate 4 to be rotated and switched to guide slopes 41 with different tilt angles, thereby achieving the sampling of chips of the required length. This enables the sampling of chips of various lengths, improving applicability.

[0041] In this embodiment, the elastic connection assembly 3 includes a connecting plate 31, a spring telescopic rod 32, and a connecting ring 33. The connecting plate 31 is installed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 21 away from its opening end. The horizontal spring telescopic rods 32 are symmetrically fixed on the connecting plate 31. The ends of the two spring telescopic rods 32 are fixedly connected to the connecting ring 33. The guide plate 4 is rotatably connected to the connecting ring 33. The positioning pin 61 moves through the connecting ring 33 and the connecting plate 31, and the positioning pin 61 is coaxially arranged with the connecting ring 33.

[0042] In this embodiment, the positioning pin 61 includes a pin 611 that movably passes through the guide plate 4 and the tool holder 2. One end of the pin 611 that passes through the tool holder 2 has a thread 612, and the other end movably passes through two connecting rods 613 in a horizontal direction. The ends of the two connecting rods 613 are connected to pin heads 614. The side of the pin head 614 away from the connecting rods 613 has a mating groove 615 with a longitudinal section of regular hexagon. The tool holder 1 has a mating screw groove 14 located inside the mounting groove 11. The thread 612 can engage with the mating screw groove 14. The adjusting component 62 is installed on the pin 611 and connected to the pin head 614. The adjusting component 62 is used to fix or unfix the pin 611 and the pin head 614. Specifically, when the adjusting component 62 fixes the pin 611 and the pin head 614, and the thread 612 engages with the mating screw groove 14, the pin head 614 and the guide plate 4 form an abutment.

[0043] In this embodiment, the adjusting component 62 includes a horizontally oriented rotating rod 621 rotatably mounted on the pin head 614. One end of the rotating rod 621 extends into the mating groove 615 and has a notch. The pin 611 has a sliding groove 6111 and a circular cavity 6112. The circular cavity 6112 is located on the side of the sliding groove 6111 away from the pin head 614 and is connected to the sliding groove 6111. The other end of the rotating rod 621 extends movably through the pin 611 into the sliding groove 6111. Furthermore, a snap-fit ​​plate 622 is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod 621 and slidably connected to the slide groove 6111. When the pin head 614 is in contact with the pin rod 611, the snap-fit ​​plate 622 extends into the circular cavity 6112 and snaps into its inner sidewall. Specifically, when the slot in the rotating rod 621 is horizontal, the snap-fit ​​plate 622 snaps into the inner sidewall of the circular cavity 6112; when the slot in the rotating rod 621 is vertical, the snap-fit ​​plate 622 can slide along the slide groove 6111.

[0044] In this embodiment, the connecting plate 31 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 21 on the side away from its opening end by screws; Cutting edges 22 are provided on three sides of the mounting cavity 21 near its opening end, and the three cutting edges 22 have the same inclination angle.

[0045] In this embodiment, ventilation holes 23 are provided in the middle of the three side walls of the tool holder 2 and are connected to the interior of the tool holder 2. A groove 12 is provided on the tool holder 1 and is connected to one side of the mounting groove 11. The ventilation hole 23 near the groove 12 is located inside the groove 12. An air supply component 7 is installed in the groove 12 and the air outlet end of the air supply component 7 is connected to the ventilation hole 23.

[0046] In this embodiment, the air supply assembly 7 includes a fixing seat 71 fixedly installed in the groove 12 by screws. One end of the fixing seat 71 near the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 has a receiving cavity. A vent pipe 72 is fixedly installed through the fixing seat 71 and connected to an external air pump. One end of the vent pipe 72 extends into the receiving cavity, and an annular plate 1 is fixedly fitted onto the end of the vent pipe 72 extending into the receiving cavity. A corrugated hose 74 is fixedly connected to the end of the vent pipe 72 extending into the receiving cavity, and a connector 75 is fixedly connected to the other end of the corrugated hose 74. The connector 75 can be inserted into the vent hole 23 and its cross-section fits against the inner wall of the vent hole 23. An annular plate 2 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connector 75. A [missing information - likely a type of mounting plate] is fixedly installed between the annular plate 1 and the annular plate 2. The connecting spring 73, sleeved on the outside of the corrugated hose 74, and the outer wall of the insertion tube 75 extending to the outside of the receiving cavity are inclined. Through the design of the air supply component 7 and the vent 23, the heat transferred from the cutting chips to the guide plate 4 during the metal cutting process of this turning tool is carried away, reducing the heat of the guide plate 4. This is beneficial for heat dissipation of the chips. At the same time, it effectively avoids the situation where the heat of the chips is transferred to the guide plate 4 during long-term turning operations, causing the temperature of the guide plate 4 to rise, which would then be transferred back to the chips, reducing the heat dissipation effect of the chips and causing the chips to become brittle and slow. This would prevent the chips from effectively breaking when the chip tip contacts the side wall of the plate 52, which is beneficial for ensuring normal chip breaking and facilitating the acquisition of chips of a specific length during cutting sampling.

[0047] In this embodiment, the break plate 5 includes a connecting seat 51 and a plate body 52 integrally formed on one side of the connecting seat 51. The longitudinal section of the plate body 52 is an inverted trapezoid. The top of the connecting seat 51 is provided with an air guide cavity. The top of the connecting seat 51 can be inserted into the vent hole 23 and fits against its inner side wall. The end of the plate body 52 away from the connecting seat 51 is provided with an exhaust hole that communicates with the air guide cavity. The bottom of the knife handle 1 and the outside of the mounting groove 11 is fixedly installed with a support plate 13 by screws. The end of the support plate 13 extends to the bottom of the connecting seat 51 and fits against its bottom.

[0048] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 8 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 31, sleeved outside the connecting ring 33. The sealing ring 8 seals all three vent holes 23. The sealing ring 8 has a first air guide hole 81 that communicates with the vent hole 23 near the groove 12, and a second air guide hole 82 that communicates with the vent hole 23 located at the bottom of the tool holder 2. Through the design of the sealing ring 8, after the gas comes into contact with the guide plate 4 in the mounting cavity 21, it is discharged through the second air guide hole 82, thereby connecting the air guide plate 33. The air duct in the receiving seat 51 and the exhaust hole in the plate 52 are discharged. When the gas flows, it achieves a synchronous heat dissipation effect on the broken plate 5, effectively preventing the heat of the chips from being conducted to the broken plate 5. The heat accumulation on the broken plate 5 causes the plate 52 to soften. When the chips come into contact with the plate 52 later, the plate 52 will deform. This will cause the chip length to change when the chips break at the contact with the plate 52, thus further helping to ensure the consistency of the chip length of the cutting samples.

[0049] In this embodiment, three mounting blocks are fixedly installed in a ring array on the side of the guide plate 4 near the connecting plate 31 and outside the connecting ring 33. Adjusting blocks 43 are fixedly installed on the outside of each of the three mounting blocks. The thicknesses of the three adjusting blocks 43 are different. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the three adjusting blocks 43 are marked as adjusting block one, adjusting block two, and adjusting block three, respectively. The thickness of adjusting block one is greater than that of adjusting block two, and the thickness of adjusting block two is greater than that of adjusting block three. The three adjusting blocks 43 correspond one-to-one with the three guide slopes 41. A ventilation volume adjustment component 9 for sealing the second air vent 82 is fixedly installed inside the sealing ring 8. One of the adjusting blocks 43 can abut against the top of the ventilation volume adjustment component 9. A pressure transmitter 721 is fixedly installed on the ventilation pipe 72. The pressure transmitter 721 is communicatively connected to the external main controller, and the air pump connected to the external ventilation pipe 72 is communicatively connected to the main controller. The ventilation volume regulating assembly 9 includes a valve housing 91 fixedly installed inside the sealing ring 8 and connected to the second air guide hole 82. Symmetrically fixed to the top of the valve housing 91 are two vertically oriented spring telescopic rods 92. Abutment blocks 93 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two spring telescopic rods 92. The tops of the abutment blocks 93 are arc-shaped. All three adjusting blocks 43 can abut against the tops of the abutment blocks 93. An arc-shaped sealing block 94 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve housing 91. An arc-shaped sealing block is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped sealing block 94. Arc-shaped sealing block 295 is fixedly connected to one side of arc-shaped sealing block 396. The bottom heights of arc-shaped sealing block 194, arc-shaped sealing block 295, and arc-shaped sealing block 396 decrease sequentially, and the cross-section of the inner wall of arc-shaped sealing block 194, arc-shaped sealing block 295, and arc-shaped sealing block 396 is circular. A vertical rod 97 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the contact block 93, and a sealing plate 98 with a circular cross-section is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical rod 97. The sealing plate 98 can be inserted into the valve body 91. The guide slope 41 with the largest inclination angle is located at the bottom of the guide plate 4, and the adjusting block 3 abuts against the top of the contact block 93. The sealing plate 98 is located below the arc-shaped sealing block 94 and is in contact with the inner wall of the arc-shaped sealing block 95. When the guide slope 41 with the smallest inclination angle is located at the bottom of the guide plate 4, the adjusting block 1 abuts against the top of the contact block 93, and the sealing plate 98 is located below the arc-shaped sealing block 96. When the other guide slope 41 is located at the bottom of the guide plate 4, the adjusting block 2 abuts against the top of the contact block 93, and the sealing plate 98 is located below the arc-shaped sealing block 2 95 and fits against the inner side wall of the arc-shaped sealing block 3 96. When the guide plate 4 is rotated and adjusted according to the required chip length, the corresponding adjusting block 43 abuts against the contact block 93. This can reduce equipment energy consumption while ensuring the brittleness of the chip so that it can be broken normally, thereby saving the processing cost of cutting.

[0050] Working principle and usage process of this invention: When assembling the cutting tool for taking broken metal samples, the fixing seat 71 is inserted into the groove 12, and the fixing seat 71 and the tool holder 1 are fixed with screws. At this time, the end of the insertion tube 75 extends into the mounting groove 11. Then, the tool holder 2 is inserted into the mounting groove 11, and the tool holder 2 contacts the inclined surface of the outer wall of the insertion tube 75. The inclined surface of the outer wall of the insertion tube 75 pushes the second annular plate closer to the first annular plate. The connecting spring 73 and the corrugated hose 74 are deformed. The insertion tube 75 is displaced and hidden in the receiving cavity in the fixing seat 71. When the side of the tool holder 2 away from its opening end is in contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove 11, the connecting spring 73 returns to its natural state. The second annular plate pushes the insertion tube 75 back to the corresponding side of the vent hole 23 on the tool holder 2, and the tool holder 2 is pre-positioned. After assembling the guide plate 4 and the connecting ring 33, the connecting plate 31 is inserted into the mounting cavity 21 and fixed with screws. Then, the pin is pushed. The head 614 is engaged with the pin 611. A flathead screwdriver is inserted into the slot of the rotating rod 621 and rotated until the slot is horizontal. At this point, the locking plate 622 engages with the inner wall of the circular cavity 6112, fixing the head 614 and the pin 611. Then, the guide plate 4 is rotated and pressed to insert into the inner wall of the mounting cavity 21. The pin 611 then passes through the guide plate 4 and the tool holder 2, and is inserted into the mating clip using a wrench. Rotate the pin head 614 in the groove 615 to drive the pin rod 611 to rotate, so that the thread 612 on the pin rod 611 is screwed into the mating screw groove 14, thereby fixing the pin rod 611 to the tool holder 1, thus fixing the tool holder 2 and the guide plate 4. Then, insert the top of the connecting seat 51 into the vent hole 23, so that the support plate 13 is attached to the bottom of the connecting seat 51, and use screws to fix the support plate 13 to the tool holder 1. The assembly of this chip-breaking metal sample turning tool is then completed.

[0051] When performing chip sampling during metal turning using this sample, the tool tip is aligned with the rotation center of the metal sample. During the metal turning process, the cutting edge 22 on the tool holder 2 cuts the metal. The chips cut by the cutting edge 22 soften and become somewhat tough due to the heat of cutting. Because of the temperature difference between the inner and outer sides of the chip, the side with the higher temperature expands more than the side with the lower temperature, thus forming a thicker spiral chip. The chip tip is guided by the arc-shaped guide surface 42. The chip is bent. When the chip tip comes into contact with the guide slope 41, it is guided by the arc guide surface 42 to bend the chip. The chip tip is then guided to the bottom of the tool holder 2 by the guide slope 41. When the chip tip comes into contact with the side wall of the plate 52, the chip cools down due to air convection, resulting in a decrease in temperature and toughness, and the chip becomes brittle. The slope of the side wall of the plate 52 bends the chip in the opposite direction at the contact point between the chip and the guide slope 41, causing the chip to break and resulting in chips of uniform size and length.

[0052] When sampling chips during metal turning, because the inclination angles of the guide ramps 41 on the three sides of the guide plate 4 are different, when different ramps on the guide plate 4 are located at the bottom of the tool holder 2, during metal turning, when the chip tip is guided by the arc guide surface 42 and bends before contacting the guide ramp 41, the contact point between the chip tip and the guide ramp 41 is different. Therefore, after the chip tip is guided to the bottom of the tool holder 2 by the guide ramp 41, the length of the chip between the guide ramp 41 and the plate 52 is not... This allows the cutting tool to sample chips of three different lengths. Before sampling chips from metal cutting, a flathead screwdriver is inserted into the slot of the rotating rod 621 to rotate the rod 621 according to the required chip length. The slot of the rotating rod 621 is then rotated to a vertical position. At this time, under the action of the spring telescopic rod 32, the connecting ring 33 is driven away from the connecting plate 31. This causes the guide plate 4 to move outward from the tool holder 2 through the connecting ring 33. The pin head 614 drives the connecting rod 613 and the rotating rod 621 to move synchronously. The snap-fit ​​plate 622 slides along the slide groove 6111 into the slide groove 6111. At this time, rotating the guide plate 4 will cause each guide slope 41 of the guide plate 4 to rotate, so that the corresponding guide slope 41 is located at the bottom position of the guide plate 4. When pushing the pin head 614 to engage with the pin rod 611, a flathead screwdriver is inserted into the slot in the rotating rod 621 to rotate the rotating rod 621, so that the slot in the rotating rod 621 is horizontal, which will reset the guide plate 4, making the end of the arc-shaped guide surface 42 flush with the end of the cutting edge 22. Thus, chips of the required length can be sampled during metal cutting. In summary, through the design of the elastic connecting component 3, the guide plate 4, and the positioning component 6, when sampling chips during metal cutting, the positioning component 6 removes the restriction on the guide plate 4. Under the force of the elastic connecting component 3, the guide plate 4 is pushed to the outside of the tool holder 2, and the guide plate 4 can be rotated to switch the guide slope 41 with different tilt angles, so as to sample chips of the required length. This achieves the effect of sampling chips of multiple lengths and improves applicability.

[0053] The special design of the mounting cavity 21, which has cutting edges 22 on three sides near its opening, allows the triangle of the tool holder 2 to be used as a tool tip. When one of the cutting edges 22 of the tool holder 2 is damaged, the tool holder 2 can be disassembled and rotated to place the other cutting edges 22 at the bottom of the tool holder 2, thus changing the tool tip position. This allows the lathe tool to be used normally and improves its service life. The special design of the connecting plate 31, which is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 21 away from its opening end by screws, facilitates the disassembly of the connecting plate 31 and the tool holder 2. Thus, when the cutting edges of all the cutting edges 22 on the tool holder 2 are damaged, the screws used to fix the connecting plate 31 and the tool holder 2 can be removed to disassemble the tool holder 2 and the connecting plate 31, so that the tool holder 2 can be replaced individually, reducing the maintenance cost of this equipment.

[0054] Through the design of the air supply component 7 and the vent 23, during the metal cutting process of this lathe tool, gas is supplied to the vent pipe 72 by an external air pump. After entering the vent pipe 72, the gas flows through the corrugated hose 74 and the connector 75 to the inner side of the mounting cavity 21 of the tool holder 2, and then exits through the other two vents 23. The gas contacts the guide plate 4 in the mounting cavity 21, thereby carrying away the heat transferred from the cutting chips to the guide plate 4, reducing the heat of the guide plate 4, which is beneficial for heat dissipation of the chips. At the same time, it effectively avoids the situation where the heat of the chips is transferred to the guide plate 4 during long-term turning operations, causing the temperature of the guide plate 4 to rise, which in turn is transferred back to the chips, reducing the heat dissipation effect of the chips and causing the chips to become brittle and slow. This prevents the chips from being effectively broken when the chip tip contacts the side wall of the plate 52, which is beneficial for ensuring normal chip breaking and facilitating the acquisition of chips of a specific length during cutting sampling.

[0055] Through the design of the sealing ring 8, after the gas enters the installation cavity 21 and comes into contact with the guide plate 4, it is discharged through the second air guide hole 82, and then discharged through the air guide cavity in the connecting seat 51 and the exhaust hole in the plate body 52. ​​When the gas flows, it can simultaneously dissipate heat on the broken plate 5, effectively preventing the heat of the chips from being conducted to the broken plate 5. The heat accumulation on the broken plate 5 causes the plate body 52 to soften, which leads to the deformation of the plate body 52 when the chips come into contact with the plate body 52. ​​This results in a change in the chip length when the chips break upon contact with the plate body 52, thus further helping to ensure the consistency of the chip length in the cutting samples.

[0056] Through the design of the adjusting block 43, the airflow regulating component 9, and the pressure transmitter 721, when the guide plate 4 is rotated and adjusted according to the required chip length, the corresponding adjusting block 43 abuts against the contact block 93. When the guide slope 41 with the smallest tilt angle is located at the bottom of the guide plate 4, the chip length that the cutting tool can sample is the shortest, thus minimizing the air convection time before the chip tip contacts the plate 52. With a short chip-air convection time, the top of the adjusting block 43 and the contact block 93... In contrast, the sealing plate 98 is located below the arc-shaped sealing block 3 96. The sealing plate 98 does not contact the arc-shaped sealing block 1 94, arc-shaped sealing block 2 95, and arc-shaped sealing block 3 96. The airflow in the valve body 91 is maximized, thus effectively ensuring the airflow in the mounting cavity 21 and the heat dissipation effect of the guide plate 4. This helps to ensure that when the chips come into contact with the plate 52, their brittleness allows them to be broken normally. When the guide slope 41 with the largest inclination angle is located at the bottom of the guide plate 4, At this time, the length of the chip that the cutting tool can sample becomes longer, thus increasing the time for air convection before the chip tip contacts the plate 52. This ensures that the chip can be broken normally when it contacts the plate 52 due to its brittleness. During this period, the adjusting block three abuts against the top of the contact block 93, and the sealing plate 98 is located below the arc-shaped sealing block one 94 and is in contact with the inner wall of the arc-shaped sealing block two 95. At this time, the gas flowing in the guide air hole two 82 inside the valve housing 91 can only pass through the arc-shaped sealing block one 94 and the sealing plate. As the gas flows downward through the gap between the tops of 98, the gas flow rate decreases, causing gas to accumulate in the mounting cavity 21, corrugated hose 74, and vent pipe 72, resulting in increased gas pressure. At this time, the pressure transmitter 721 detects the increased gas pressure in the vent pipe 72 and feeds the detection signal back to the main controller. The main controller then controls the external air pump to reduce its frequency and gas delivery rate, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the external air pump. This ensures that the chips are brittle enough to be broken normally while reducing equipment energy consumption, thus saving on machining costs.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lathe tool for taking broken metal samples, characterized in that, include: The handle has a mounting groove on one side of its end; The tool holder is inserted into the mounting slot. The longitudinal section of the tool holder is an equilateral triangle. A mounting cavity is opened on one side of the tool holder. The inner side wall of the mounting cavity is parallel to the outer side wall of the tool holder. A cutting edge is opened on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity and on the side near its opening end. A flexible connection assembly is installed within the mounting cavity; A guide plate is rotatably connected to the end of an elastic connecting component. The guide plate can be inserted into the mounting cavity and fits against its inner sidewall. Three guide slopes are provided on the three sides of the guide plate away from the elastic connecting component. The inclination angles of the three guide slopes are different. An arc-shaped guide surface is provided at the end of the guide slope near the cutting edge. The ends of the three arc-shaped guide surfaces are located on the same vertical plane. When the guide plate is inserted into the mounting cavity, the end of the arc-shaped guide surface is flush with the end of the cutting edge. A sampling groove is formed between the guide slope, the arc-shaped guide surface and the cutting edge. A break plate is installed at the bottom of the knife holder; The positioning assembly includes a positioning pin that horizontally moves through the guide plate and the tool holder. The positioning pin contains an adjusting component, which allows for fixing the tool holder and tool shank together. The adjusting component also allows the positioning pin to have two different configurations: In the first configuration, the positioning pin limits the guide plate so that the guide plate is inserted into the mounting cavity; In the second configuration, the positioning pin does not limit the flow guide plate, and the elastic connecting assembly drives the flow guide plate to move to the outside of the tool holder.

2. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic connection assembly includes a connecting plate, a spring telescopic rod, and a connecting ring. The connecting plate is installed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity away from its opening end. The connecting plate is symmetrically fixed with horizontal spring telescopic rods. The ends of the two spring telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the connecting ring. The guide plate is rotatably connected to the connecting ring. The positioning pin moves through the connecting ring and the connecting plate, and the positioning pin is coaxial with the connecting ring.

3. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning pin includes a pin rod that movably passes through the guide plate and the tool holder. One end of the pin rod passing through the tool holder has a thread, and the other end movably passes through two connecting rods in a horizontal direction. The ends of the two connecting rods are connected to pin heads. The side of the pin head away from the connecting rods has a mating groove with a longitudinal section of regular hexagon. The tool holder has a mating screw groove located inside the mounting groove. The thread can engage with the mating screw groove. An adjusting component is installed on the pin rod and connected to the pin head. The adjusting component is used to fix or unfix the pin rod and the pin head.

4. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting component includes a rotating rod that is horizontally oriented and rotatably mounted on the pin head. One end of the rotating rod extends into the mating groove and has a notch. The pin head has a sliding groove and a circular cavity. The circular cavity is located on the side of the sliding groove away from the pin head and is connected to the sliding groove. The other end of the rotating rod extends movably through the pin head into the sliding groove. A snap-fit ​​plate that is slidably connected to the sliding groove is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod. When the pin head and the pin head are in contact, the snap-fit ​​plate extends into the circular cavity and snaps into its inner sidewall.

5. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity on the side away from its opening end by screws; The mounting cavity has cutting edges on three sides near its opening end, and the three cutting edges have the same inclination angle.

6. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tool holder has ventilation holes in the middle of the three side walls, which are connected to the interior of the tool holder. The tool handle has a groove that is connected to one side of the mounting groove. The ventilation hole on the side closest to the groove is located inside the groove. An air supply component is installed in the groove, and the air outlet of the air supply component is connected to the ventilation hole.

7. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air supply assembly includes a fixing seat that is fixedly installed in a groove by screws. The fixing seat has a receiving cavity at one end near the inner side wall of the mounting groove. A vent pipe is fixedly installed through the fixing seat. One end of the vent pipe extends into the receiving cavity. An annular plate 1 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the vent pipe extending into the receiving cavity. A corrugated hose is fixedly connected to the end of the vent pipe extending into the receiving cavity. A connector is fixedly connected to the other end of the corrugated hose. The connector can be inserted into the vent hole and its cross-section fits with the inner side wall of the vent hole. An annular plate 2 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the connector. A connecting spring sleeved on the outside of the corrugated hose is fixedly installed between the annular plate 1 and the annular plate 2. The outer side wall of the end of the connector extending into the receiving cavity is inclined.

8. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 7, characterized in that: The broken plate includes a connecting seat and a plate integrally formed on one side of the connecting seat. The top of the connecting seat has an air guide cavity. The top of the connecting seat can be inserted into the air vent and fits against its inner side wall. The end of the plate away from the connecting seat has an exhaust hole that communicates with the air guide cavity. The bottom of the handle and the outside of the mounting groove is fixedly installed with a support plate by screws. The end of the support plate extends to the bottom of the connecting seat and fits against its bottom.

9. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing ring is fixedly installed on the connecting plate and sleeved on the outside of the connecting ring. The sealing ring seals all three vent holes. The sealing ring has a first air guide hole that communicates with the vent hole near the groove, and a second air guide hole that communicates with the vent hole located at the bottom of the tool holder.

10. The lathe tool for taking broken metal samples according to claim 9, characterized in that: Three mounting blocks are fixedly installed in a ring array on the side of the guide plate near the connecting plate and outside the connecting ring. An adjusting block is fixedly installed on the outside of each of the three mounting blocks. The thickness of the three adjusting blocks is different, and the three adjusting blocks correspond one-to-one with the three guide slopes. A ventilation volume adjustment component for sealing the second air guide hole is fixedly installed inside the sealing ring. One of the adjusting blocks can abut against the top of the ventilation volume adjustment component. A pressure transmitter is fixedly installed on the ventilation pipe. The ventilation volume regulating assembly includes a valve housing fixedly installed inside the sealing ring and connected to the second air guide hole. Symmetrically fixed to the top of the valve housing are two vertically oriented spring telescopic rods. Abutment blocks are fixedly connected to the tops of the two spring telescopic rods. The tops of the abutment blocks are arc-shaped. An arc-shaped sealing block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve housing. An arc-shaped sealing block is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped sealing block, and an arc-shaped sealing block is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped sealing block. The bottom heights of the arc-shaped sealing blocks are progressively lower, and the cross-sections of the inner walls of the arc-shaped sealing blocks are circular. A vertical rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the abutment block, and a sealing plate with a circular cross-section is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical rod. The sealing plate can be inserted into the valve housing and fits against the inner wall of the arc-shaped sealing block.

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