Multifunctional milling cutter turret machine with main shaft brake mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a multifunctional dynamic milling cutter tower machine tool with a main shaft brake mechanism and belongs to the technical field of machine tools. It solves the problem of limited counter torque caused by the fact that the main shaft is not provided with a brake mechanism in the prior art. The application comprises a machine tool base, the upper end of the machine tool base is formed with a high-position bearing platform and a low-position assembly platform in two levels, the upper end of the first X-axis sliding block is connected with a lathe tailstock, the upper end of one side of the low-position assembly platform is formed with a main shaft mounting table, the upper end of the main shaft mounting table is fixedly provided with a main shaft box, one side of the main shaft box is fixedly provided with a brake caliper support, one side of the brake caliper support is connected with a main shaft brake caliper, the large drag plate is in an inclined trapezoidal frame structure, the upper end of the middle drag plate is fixedly connected with a tool holder pad, the upper end of the tool holder pad is fixedly provided with a tool tower power head, one side of the tool tower power head is connected with a multifunctional tool tower. The application has the advantages of high rigidity of the main shaft brake, high processing efficiency of the tool tower integrated with multiple tool holders, compact inboard embedded transmission structure and high feeding precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machine tool technology and relates to a multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle braking mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Moving milling turrets can carry different tools on the turret to complete multiple processes such as turning, milling, drilling, and tapping in a single setup, making them core equipment for machining precision shaft and disc parts. Existing moving milling turrets without a Y-axis configuration mostly lack a stable braking and locking mechanism for their spindles. This results in insufficient circumferential positioning accuracy after the spindle stops. When performing milling, tapping, and other machining operations requiring spindle locking, spindle misalignment is prone to occur, leading to a decrease in workpiece shape and position accuracy. This limits the machine tool's composite machining capabilities and machining quality, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-precision, multi-process integrated production.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN210451762U discloses a turning-milling composite machine tool, including a frame, a fixed spindle device, a moving spindle device, and a power turret device. The fixed spindle device is mounted on the frame, the moving spindle device is opposite to the central axis of the fixed spindle device and is mounted on the frame via a spindle moving device, and the power turret device is mounted on the frame via a turret moving device and can move relative to the fixed spindle device and the moving spindle device along a three-dimensional axis. The power turret device includes a turret and a driver. The driver is connected to the turret and is used to drive the turret to rotate. Several tool positions are arranged around the turret, and each tool position is equipped with a turning tool holder or a milling cutter holder. The milling cutter holder is poweredly connected to a milling cutter driver.

[0004] The milling and turning composite machine tool provided by this patent does not have an independent spindle braking and locking structure. When performing milling, drilling, tapping and other processes that require circumferential fixation of the spindle, it can only provide locking torque through the spindle drive unit itself, and the cutting reverse torque that it can withstand is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the prior art by providing a multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle braking mechanism.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: A multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle braking mechanism, comprising a machine tool base, the machine tool base having a rectangular structure and a two-tiered upper bearing platform and a lower assembly platform formed on the upper end of the machine tool base, a first guide rail base formed in the lower assembly platform, a first X-axis slide rail fixedly connected to the upper end of the first guide rail base, a first X-axis slider slidably connected to the upper end of the first X-axis slide rail, a lathe tailstock connected to the upper end of the first X-axis slider, a spindle mounting platform formed on one side of the upper end of the lower assembly platform, a spindle box fixedly mounted on the upper end of the spindle mounting platform, a brake caliper bracket fixedly mounted on one side of the spindle box, a spindle brake caliper connected to one side of the brake caliper bracket, and a first X-axis slide rail fixedly connected to the upper end of the first X-axis slider. The second guide rail base has a second X-axis slider slidably connected to the upper end of the second X-axis slide rail. A large slide plate is connected to the upper end of the second X-axis slider. The large slide plate has an inclined trapezoidal frame structure. A third guide rail base extending along the Z-axis is formed on the upper surface of the large slide plate. A Z-axis slide rail is fixedly installed in the third guide rail base. A Z-axis slider is slidably connected to the Z-axis slide rail. A middle slide plate is connected to the upper end of the Z-axis slider. A tool holder pad is fixedly connected to the upper end of the middle slide plate. A tool turret power head is fixedly installed on the upper end of the tool holder pad. A multi-functional tool turret is connected to one side of the tool turret power head. The multi-functional tool turret is a regular polygonal disc-type indexing tool head with multiple sets of tool mounting positions evenly distributed along the circumference. Milling power tool holders, fixed turning tool holders, and internal boring tool holders are respectively connected in the tool mounting positions.

[0007] In the aforementioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle braking mechanism, the milling power tool holder includes an external milling power tool holder and a side-mounted milling power tool holder, both of which are arranged symmetrically opposite to each other.

[0008] In the aforementioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle brake mechanism, the fixed turning tool holder includes an external fixed turning tool holder and a side fixed turning tool holder. The number of external fixed turning tool holders and side fixed turning tool holders is several, and they are installed in a circumferentially spaced array in the tool mounting station.

[0009] In the aforementioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle brake mechanism, a spindle assembly is connected through the spindle box. A flange journal is formed at one end of the spindle assembly. A driven multi-ribbed pulley is sleeved and connected to the outside of the flange journal. A synchronous belt is connected to the outside of the multi-ribbed pulley. A motor mounting seat is formed on one side of the machine tool base. A motor mounting plate is fixedly connected to the side end face of the motor mounting seat. A spindle motor is fixedly connected to one side of the motor mounting plate. The motor shaft of the spindle motor passes through the motor mounting plate and is sleeved and connected to a driving multi-ribbed pulley. The driving multi-ribbed pulley is connected to the synchronous belt.

[0010] In the above-mentioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle brake mechanism, a cylinder seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine tool base, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the cylinder seat, a cylinder piston rod extends from the hydraulic cylinder and passes through the cylinder seat, a cylinder connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lathe tailstock, and one end of the cylinder piston rod is connected to the cylinder connecting sleeve.

[0011] In the aforementioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle brake mechanism, a mounting clearance groove is provided in the large slide, and a motor mounting groove is formed at the end of the mounting clearance groove. A Z-axis motor mount is fixed in the motor mounting groove, and a Z-axis servo motor is fixedly connected to one side of the Z-axis motor mount. A mounting boss is formed in the other end of the mounting clearance groove, and a Z-axis lead screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting boss. A lead screw end bearing seat is connected to the other side of the Z-axis motor mount, and a Z-axis drive lead screw is connected between the lead screw end bearing seat and the lead screw nut seat.

[0012] In the above-mentioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle braking mechanism, a motor mounting platform is formed in the high-position bearing platform, an X-axis motor seat is fixedly connected in the motor mounting platform, an X-axis servo motor is fixedly connected to one side of the X-axis motor seat, an X-axis bearing seat is fixedly connected to the other end of the high-position bearing platform, and an X-axis drive screw is connected between the X-axis bearing seat and the X-axis motor seat.

[0013] In the above-mentioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle brake mechanism, a lead screw connecting seat is formed at the lower end of the large slide plate, and an X-axis lead screw nut is sleeved and connected to the outside of the X-axis drive lead screw, and the X-axis lead screw nut is connected to the lead screw connecting seat.

[0014] In the aforementioned multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle braking mechanism, protective baffles are fixedly connected to both sides of the large slide.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism provided by the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The annular brake disc and the spindle assembly adopt a coaxial structure. The spindle brake caliper is rigidly connected to the spindle box body through the brake caliper bracket. The overall transmission chain is short and the support rigidity is strong, which can provide sufficient braking torque and withstand the cutting reverse torque under large-mass milling and drilling conditions. There will be no slippage, loosening and cutting chatter during the machining process; 2. The disc-type indexing turret integrates multiple sets of milling power tool holders, fixed turning tool holders and internal boring tool holders along the circumference. The power tool holders and fixed tool holders are symmetrically spaced, and the workpiece can be clamped in a single operation. It completes multiple processes such as external turning, end milling, drilling, tapping, and internal boring, eliminating the auxiliary time for workpiece disassembly and reordering between processes, greatly improving processing efficiency. At the same time, the symmetrical station layout optimizes the force on the rotating tool head, making indexing operation more stable. 3. The large slide has a built-in mounting clearance groove, which embeds the Z-axis servo motor, drive screw, screw nut seat and other transmission components into the slide. The structure is highly compact and effectively saves axial installation space. The one-piece molded mounting boss provides a high-precision mounting reference for the screw nut seat, ensuring the parallelism between the drive screw and the guide rail. It has strong transmission rigidity and accurate feed positioning, ensuring the smoothness of the turret feed movement and the accuracy of the machining position. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another angle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the machine tool base structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the large sliding plate structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-functional turret structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure at the spindle box.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool base; 110. High-position bearing platform; 120. Low-position assembly platform; 130. First guide rail base; 140. Spindle mounting table; 150. Second guide rail base; 160. Motor mounting table; 170. Hydraulic cylinder seat; 180. Motor mounting seat; 190. Motor mounting plate; 2. Spindle box; 21. Brake caliper bracket; 22. Spindle brake caliper; 23. Spindle assembly; 24. Annular brake disc; 25. Flange journal; 26. Driven multi-wedge pulley; 3. First X-axis slide rail; 31. First X-axis slider; 4. Lathe tailstock; 41. Hydraulic cylinder connecting sleeve; 5. Second X-axis slide rail; 51. Second X-axis slider; 6. Large slide plate; 61. Third guide rail base; 62. Mounting clearance groove; 63. Motor mounting groove; 64. Mounting boss; 65. Lead screw connection... 7. Connector; 8. Z-axis slide rail; 9. Z-axis slider; 10. Middle slide plate; 11. Tool holder pad; 12. Turret power head; 13. Multi-functional turret; 14. Tool mounting station; 15. External milling power tool holder; 16. Side-mounted milling power tool holder; 17. External fixed turning tool holder; 18. Side-mounted fixed turning tool holder; 19. Internal boring tool holder; 10. Spindle motor; 101. Active multi-wedge pulley; 102. Synchronous belt; 11. Hydraulic cylinder; 121. Cylinder piston rod; 122. X-axis motor mount; 123. X-axis servo motor; 124. X-axis bearing mount; 13. Z-axis drive screw; 14. Screw end bearing mount; 15. Z-axis screw nut mount; 16. Z-axis drive screw; 17. Protective baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment includes a machine tool base 1. The machine tool base 1 has a rectangular structure. The upper end has a high-level load-bearing platform 110 and a low-level assembly platform 120, which are arranged in two layers. The layered structure enables the partitioning of each functional module.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a first guide rail base 130 is integrally formed in the low-position assembly table 120. A first X-axis slide rail 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first guide rail base 130. A first X-axis slider 31 is slidably connected to the upper end of the first X-axis slide rail 3. A lathe tailstock 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first X-axis slider 31, so that the lathe tailstock 4 can be smoothly slid and adjusted in the X-axis direction. A spindle mounting table 140 is integrally formed on the upper end of one side of the low-position assembly table 120. A spindle box 2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the spindle mounting table 140. A brake caliper bracket 21 is fixedly installed on one side of the spindle box 2. A spindle brake caliper 22 is connected to one side of the brake caliper bracket 21. A spindle assembly 23 is connected through the spindle box 2. An annular brake disc 24 is formed at the outer end of the spindle assembly 23. The outer edge of the annular brake disc 24 extends into the jaw of the spindle brake caliper 22. The spindle is circumferentially locked by the clamping action of the brake caliper.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, a second guide rail base 150 is integrally formed in the high-position support platform 110. A second X-axis slide rail 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second guide rail base 150. A second X-axis slider 51 is slidably connected to the upper end of the second X-axis slide rail 5. A large slide plate 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second X-axis slider 51. The large slide plate 6 has an inclined trapezoidal frame structure, and a third guide rail base 61 extending along the Z-axis direction is formed on its upper end surface. A Z-axis slide rail 7 is fixedly installed in the third guide rail base 61, and a Z-axis slider 71 is slidably connected in the Z-axis slide rail 7. The upper end of the Z-axis slider 71 is fixedly connected to the middle slide plate 8, the upper end of the middle slide plate 8 is fixedly connected to the tool holder pad 81, the upper end of the tool holder pad 81 is fixedly installed with the tool turret power head 9, and a multi-functional tool turret 91 is connected to one side of the tool turret power head 9; the multi-functional tool turret 91 is a regular polygonal disc-type indexing tool disc, with multiple sets of tool mounting stations 911 evenly distributed along the circumference, and each tool mounting station 911 is connected to a milling power tool holder, a fixed turning tool holder and an internal boring tool holder 96, which can meet the needs of multi-process composite machining of workpieces.

[0022] To elaborate further, such as Figure 5 As shown, the milling power tool holder includes an external milling power tool holder 92 and a side-mounted milling power tool holder 93. Both the external milling power tool holder 92 and the side-mounted milling power tool holder 93 are arranged symmetrically in opposite directions to adapt to milling needs in different orientations. The fixed turning tool holder includes an external fixed turning tool holder 94 and a side-mounted fixed turning tool holder 95. There are several external fixed turning tool holders 94 and side-mounted fixed turning tool holders 95, which are installed in a circumferentially spaced array in the tool mounting station 911 to accommodate turning operations in multiple scenarios such as external diameter, end face, and internal hole.

[0023] To elaborate further, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, a flange journal 25 is formed at one end of the spindle assembly 23. A driven multi-ribbed pulley 26 is fixedly connected to the outside of the flange journal 25. A synchronous belt 102 is wound around the outside of the driven multi-ribbed pulley 26. A motor mounting base 180 is integrally formed on one side of the machine tool base 1. A motor mounting plate 190 is fixedly connected to the side end face of the motor mounting base 180. A spindle motor 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the motor mounting plate 190. The motor shaft of the spindle motor 10 passes through the motor mounting plate 190 and a driving multi-ribbed pulley 101 is fixedly connected to its end. The driving multi-ribbed pulley 101 and the synchronous belt 102 are in transmission cooperation, thereby transmitting the power of the spindle motor 10 to the spindle assembly 23 and driving the spindle to rotate.

[0024] To elaborate further, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a cylinder seat 170 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine tool base 1, and a hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the cylinder seat 170. The hydraulic cylinder 11 has a piston rod 111 extending out, and the piston rod 111 passes through the cylinder seat 170. A cylinder connecting sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lathe tailstock 4. One end of the piston rod 111 is fixedly connected to the cylinder connecting sleeve 41. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the lathe tailstock 4 to complete the feed and retraction along the slide rail, thereby realizing the automatic clamping support of the workpiece tail end.

[0025] To elaborate further, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the large slide plate 6 has an installation clearance groove 62. One end of the installation clearance groove 62 forms a motor mounting groove 63, in which a Z-axis motor mount 13 is fixedly installed. A Z-axis servo motor 131 is fixedly connected to one side of the Z-axis motor mount 13. An installation boss 64 is integrally formed at the other end of the installation clearance groove 62. A Z-axis lead screw nut seat 15 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the installation boss 64. A lead screw end bearing seat 14 is connected to the other side of the Z-axis motor mount 13. A Z-axis drive lead screw 16 is rotatably connected between the lead screw end bearing seat 14 and the Z-axis lead screw nut seat 15. The Z-axis drive lead screw 16 is driven to rotate by the Z-axis servo motor 131, which drives the middle slide plate 8 to complete a precise feed motion along the Z-axis direction.

[0026] To elaborate further, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, a motor mounting platform 160 is integrally formed in the high-position support platform 110. An X-axis motor seat 121 is fixedly connected in the motor mounting platform 160, and an X-axis servo motor 122 is fixedly connected to one side of the X-axis motor seat 121. An X-axis bearing seat 123 is fixedly connected near the other end of the high-position support platform 110. An X-axis drive screw 124 is rotatably connected between the X-axis bearing seat 123 and the X-axis motor seat 121. A screw connecting seat 65 is integrally formed at the lower end of the large slide plate 6. An X-axis screw nut is sleeved on the outside of the X-axis drive screw 124 and is fixedly connected to the screw connecting seat 65, thereby converting the rotational motion of the X-axis drive screw 124 into the X-axis linear feed motion of the large slide plate 6.

[0027] To elaborate further, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, protective baffles 17 are fixedly connected to both sides of the large slide plate 6, which can shield and protect the internal guide rails, lead screws and other transmission components, prevent cutting fluid and iron filings from entering and causing wear on the components, and improve the operational stability and service life of the transmission mechanism.

[0028] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0029] Although this document uses a variety of terms, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with a spindle braking mechanism, comprising a machine tool base (1), wherein the machine tool base (1) has a rectangular structure and the upper end of the machine tool base (1) has a high-level bearing platform (110) and a low-level assembly platform (120) in two layers, characterized in that: A first guide rail base (130) is formed in the low-position assembly table (120). A first X-axis slide rail (3) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first guide rail base (130). A first X-axis slider (31) is slidably connected to the upper end of the first X-axis slide rail (3). A lathe tailstock (4) is connected to the upper end of the first X-axis slider (31). A spindle mounting table (140) is formed on the upper end of one side of the low-position assembly table (120). 40) A spindle box (2) is fixedly installed at the upper end. A brake caliper bracket (21) is fixedly installed on one side of the spindle box (2). A spindle brake caliper (22) is connected to one side of the brake caliper bracket (21). A second guide rail base (150) is formed in the high-position bearing platform (110). A second X-axis slide rail (5) is fixedly installed in the second guide rail base (150). A second X-axis slider (51) is slidably connected to the upper end of the second X-axis slide rail (5). The upper end of the second X-axis slider (51) is connected to a large slide plate (6). The large slide plate (6) has an inclined trapezoidal frame structure. A third guide rail base (61) extending along the Z-axis is formed on the upper surface of the large slide plate (6). A Z-axis slide rail (7) is fixedly installed in the third guide rail base (61). A Z-axis slider (71) is slidably connected in the Z-axis slide rail (7). A middle slide plate (8) is connected to the upper end of the Z-axis slider (71). A tool holder pad (81) is fixedly connected to the upper end. A turret power head (9) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the tool holder pad (81). A multi-functional turret (91) is connected to one side of the turret power head (9). The multi-functional turret (91) is a regular polygonal disc-type indexing tool disc with multiple sets of tool mounting stations (911) evenly distributed along the circumference. Milling power tool holder, fixed turning tool holder and internal boring tool holder (96) are respectively connected in the tool mounting station (911).

2. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling power tool holder includes an external milling power tool holder (92) and a side-mounted milling power tool holder (93), both of which are arranged symmetrically opposite to each other.

3. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed turning tool holder includes an external fixed turning tool holder (94) and a side fixed turning tool holder (95). The number of the external fixed turning tool holder (94) and the side fixed turning tool holder (95) is several and they are installed in a circularly spaced array in the tool mounting station (911).

4. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spindle assembly (23) is connected through the spindle box (2). A flange journal (25) is formed at one end of the spindle assembly (23). A driven multi-ribbed pulley (26) is sleeved and connected to the outside of the flange journal (25). A synchronous belt (102) is connected to the outside of the multi-ribbed pulley. A motor mounting seat (180) is formed on one side of the machine tool base (1). A motor mounting plate (190) is fixedly connected to the side end face of the motor mounting seat (180). A spindle motor (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the motor mounting plate (190). The motor shaft of the spindle motor (10) passes through the motor mounting plate (190) and is sleeved and connected to a driving multi-ribbed pulley (101). The driving multi-ribbed pulley (101) is connected to the synchronous belt (102).

5. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder seat (170) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine tool base (1). A hydraulic cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the cylinder seat (170). A cylinder piston rod (111) extends out of the hydraulic cylinder (111) and passes through the cylinder seat (170). A cylinder connecting sleeve (41) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lathe tailstock (4). One end of the cylinder piston rod (111) is connected to the cylinder connecting sleeve (41).

6. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large slide plate (6) has an installation clearance groove (62), and a motor mounting groove (63) is formed at the end of the installation clearance groove (62). A Z-axis motor seat (13) is fixed in the motor mounting groove (63). A Z-axis servo motor (131) is fixedly connected to one side of the Z-axis motor seat (13). A mounting boss (64) is formed at the other end of the installation clearance groove (62). A Z-axis lead screw nut seat (15) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting boss (64). A lead screw end bearing seat (14) is connected to the other side of the Z-axis motor seat (13). A Z-axis drive lead screw (16) is connected between the lead screw end bearing seat (14) and the lead screw nut seat.

7. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor mounting platform (160) is formed in the high-position support platform (110). An X-axis motor seat (121) is fixedly connected in the motor mounting platform (160). An X-axis servo motor (122) is fixedly connected to one side of the X-axis motor seat (121). An X-axis bearing seat (123) is fixedly connected to the other end of the high-position support platform (110). An X-axis drive screw (124) is connected between the X-axis bearing seat (123) and the X-axis motor seat (121).

8. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the large slide plate (6) is formed with a lead screw connecting seat (65), and an X-axis lead screw nut is sleeved and connected to the outside of the X-axis drive lead screw (124). The X-axis lead screw nut is connected to the lead screw connecting seat (65).

9. The multi-functional moving milling turret machine tool with spindle braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Protective baffles (17) are fixedly connected to both sides of the large sliding plate (6).

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