Crankshaft grinding machine apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a crankshaft grinding machine device applied to the technical field of crankshaft grinding processing equipment, which comprises a machine tool with a Y-axis guide rail, a headstock sliding table, a grinding tool multi-axis module, a grinding wheel, a follow-up gauge, a hydraulic tracking center frame, an outer circle on-line gauge and two groups of follow-up supporting mechanisms, the headstock sliding table is slidably assembled on the Y-axis guide rail and is provided with a clamp for clamping a crankshaft; the follow-up supporting mechanism comprises a supporting sliding table, a support ring, a rotating ring, a radial adjusting mechanism, a C-shaped ring frame, a C-shaped sliding ring and a C-shaped inner lining, the rotating ring can rotate synchronously with the rotating speed of the crankshaft; a communication type filling bag is arranged on the inner side of the C-shaped inner lining, and the filling bag is filled with magnetorheological fluid in cooperation with a liquid supply mechanism; the supporting mechanism can be switched between the position and eccentric state, is respectively adapted to the crankshaft main journal and connecting rod journal grinding working conditions, and can realize follow-up supporting processing of the eccentric and coaxial grinding of the crankshaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of crankshaft grinding equipment technology, and particularly to a crankshaft grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft includes the main journal and the eccentrically arranged connecting rod journal, requiring an eccentric follow-up grinding process during machining. For slender crankshafts, due to their own weight and rigidity, grinding vibration deformation will occur during clamping and rotation, leading to a reduction in machining accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to support and reinforce both sides of the crankshaft during machining. The existing crankshaft grinding machine has a fixed support structure, which can only achieve coaxial fixed-point support. It cannot adapt to the eccentric rotary grinding conditions of crankshafts, and is prone to support misalignment and motion interference when machining connecting rod journals.

[0003] Meanwhile, the roundness and precision of the crankshaft blank before grinding are poor, and conventional rigid supports cannot adaptively conform to the workpiece contour. During the grinding process, elastic deformation and rotational vibration are easily generated, resulting in the journal roundness and dimensional accuracy exceeding the tolerance.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a crankshaft grinding machine to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to address the technical problems in existing crankshaft grinding machines, such as the inability to simultaneously achieve coaxial and eccentric follower grinding support, poor blank adaptability, and susceptibility to vibration and deformation during grinding. Compared to existing technologies, this application provides a crankshaft grinding machine device, comprising: The machine tool is equipped with a Y-axis guide rail; The headstock slide has two sets of headstock slides symmetrically slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail, and the headstock slide is provided with clamps for holding the end of the crankshaft; The grinding wheel is driven to rotate by a high-speed grinding wheel motor; A multi-axis grinding wheel module is mounted on the top of the machine tool, and the high-speed motor for the grinding wheel is fixed to the output end of the multi-axis grinding wheel module. The follower gauge is set on one side of the grinding wheel. The follower gauge is an eccentric follower online measurement structure that can dynamically float and fit with the eccentric rotation trajectory of the crankshaft, track the outer diameter dimension of the connecting rod journal in real time, realize uninterrupted closed-loop detection in the follower grinding process, and compensate for the error of the eccentric grinding trajectory. The hydraulic tracking center frame is slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail. The hydraulic tracking center frame can adaptively slide and align with the grinding position. The hydraulic servo following structure compensates for the load deformation of the Y-axis guide rail and the eccentric grinding displacement lag error in real time, and helps to offset the crankshaft grinding vibration and elastic tool deflection, and improves the synchronization accuracy of the follow-up grinding motion. The external diameter online measuring instrument is slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail. The external diameter online measuring instrument is used to perform real-time online detection of the outer diameter and roundness of the crankshaft machining part after grinding, and to provide real-time feedback on the grinding allowance deviation, so as to provide data support for grinding compensation and support adjustment. The follow-up support mechanism consists of two sets of symmetrical sliding connections on the Y-axis guide rail. These mechanisms are used to support the crankshaft, counteract grinding tool deformation and rotational vibration, and maintain the rigidity and motion stability of the crankshaft during grinding.

[0006] Furthermore, the crankshaft includes a main journal and a connecting rod journal.

[0007] Furthermore, the follow-up support mechanism includes a support slide that is slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail, and a bracket ring is fixed to the top of the support slide. The axis of the bracket ring is coaxial with the rotation axis of the clamp. A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the support ring. A radial adjustment mechanism is fixed radially on the inner side of the rotating ring. A C-shaped ring frame is fixed at the output end of the radial adjustment mechanism. A C-shaped slip ring is rotatably connected inside the C-shaped ring frame. A C-shaped inner liner is fixed on the inner side of the C-shaped slip ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the spacing between the two sets of support slides is adjusted via a linear module to accommodate the support requirements of different crankshaft crank spans. The bracket ring has an annular groove that mates with the rotating ring. The outer side of the rotating ring has a drive gear that is driven to rotate by a servo motor. The rotational speed of the rotating ring is synchronized with the rotational speed of the crankshaft held by the clamp.

[0009] Furthermore, the radial adjustment mechanism includes a radial slide rail fixed to the inner side of the rotating ring, a radial slide rod slidably connected to the radial side of the rotating ring inside the radial slide rail, and a tension spring clamped between the radial slide rail and the radial slide rod. The C-shaped ring frame is fixed to the end of the radial slide bar away from the radial slide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, two sets of electric telescopic rods are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the radial slide rail, and a pressure sensor is provided on the outer wall of the radial adjustment mechanism to be connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod, which is used to collect the tightening pressure of the radial adjustment mechanism in real time and realize closed-loop adjustment.

[0011] Furthermore, the C-shaped ring frame is provided with a C-shaped groove, and the outer circumference of the C-shaped slip ring is provided with a C-shaped guide rail that matches the C-shaped groove; The inner circumference of the C-shaped liner is provided with several equally spaced and interconnected filling bladders. The filling bladders are connected to a liquid supply mechanism through pipes. The liquid supply mechanism is used to provide pressurized magnetorheological fluid to the filling bladders to achieve flexible and gapless wrapping of the crankshaft. The inner side of the C-shaped slip ring is provided with an electromagnetic block that cooperates with the magnetorheological fluid. The C-shaped ring frame is made of magnetically conductive metal. When the electromagnetic block is energized, it magnetizes the magnetorheological fluid, causing it to switch from a flexible state to a rigid support state. On the other hand, it generates an electromagnetic attraction force to firmly attract the C-shaped ring frame, thereby locking and positioning the C-shaped slip ring on the C-shaped ring frame and restricting relative slippage.

[0012] Furthermore, when the grinding wheel processes the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, the two sets of follower support mechanisms are displaced to the main journals on both sides of the connecting rod journal and clamped by the corresponding main journals through the C-shaped inner liner. At this time, the center of the C-shaped slip ring is concentric with the center of the support ring. The rotating ring drives the radial adjustment mechanism to rotate to the opposite side of the grinding wheel and fix it, avoiding grinding interference and building a stable coaxial support reference, suppressing the follower grinding vibration and tool deformation of the connecting rod journal.

[0013] Furthermore, when the grinding wheel processes the crankshaft's main journal, the two sets of follower support mechanisms are displaced to the connecting rod journals on both sides of the main journal and clamped by the corresponding connecting rod journals through the C-shaped inner liner. At this time, the center of the C-shaped slip ring is eccentrically set with the center of the support ring. The eccentric distance between the C-shaped slip ring and the support ring is equal to the theoretical eccentric distance between the main journal and the connecting rod journal. The rotating ring drives the radial adjustment mechanism to rotate and maintains the same speed as the fixture, realizing eccentric synchronous follower support, which is suitable for the grinding conditions of the main journal.

[0014] Compared to existing technologies, the advantages of this application are: This invention solves the technical problems of poor working condition adaptability, weak blank adaptability, large grinding vibration deformation, low follow-up accuracy, and poor processing consistency of traditional crankshaft grinding machines by combining the core solutions of dual working condition adaptive switching of follow-up support mechanism, flexible fitting and rigid locking switchable support of C-shaped inner liner, and multi-dimensional online detection and compensation. It effectively improves the grinding accuracy and processing yield of the entire crankshaft section and is suitable for high-precision crankshaft mass production scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a top view of this application; Figure 3 This is a front view of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the follower support mechanism and guide rail proposed in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the follow-up support mechanism proposed in this application; Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the follower support mechanism proposed in this application; Figure 7This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the follower support mechanism proposed in this application; Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of the C-shaped ring frame and its internal components proposed in this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of the follower support mechanism when machining the connecting rod neck with a grinding wheel, as proposed in this application. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the center state of the follower support mechanism when machining the connecting rod neck with a grinding wheel, as proposed in this application. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of the follower support mechanism when machining the spindle journal with a grinding wheel, as proposed in this application. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the center state of the follow-up support mechanism when the grinding wheel is machining the spindle journal as proposed in this application.

[0016] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Machine tool; 11. Y-axis guide rail; 2. Headstock slide; 21. Fixture; 3. Multi-axis mold module; 4. Follow-up measuring instrument; 5. Grinding wheel; 51. High-speed motor for grinding wheel; 6. Hydraulic tracking center frame; 7. Online measuring instrument for external diameter; 8. Crankshaft; 81. Main journal; 82. Connecting rod journal; 9. Follow-up support mechanism; 91. Support slide; 92. Bracket ring; 921. Annular slide groove; 93. Rotating ring; 931. Drive gear; 94. Radial adjustment mechanism; 941. Radial slide rail; 942. Radial slide rod; 943. Electric telescopic rod; 944. Tension spring; 95. C-shaped ring frame; 951. C-shaped slide groove; 952. Pressure sensor; 96. C-shaped liner; 961. Filling bladder; 97. C-shaped slip ring; 971. C-shaped guide rail; 972. Electromagnetic block. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The embodiments will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Example: This invention provides a crankshaft grinding machine; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 - Figure 12The entire machine uses machine tool 1 as a fixed support base. A Y-axis guide rail 11 is fixedly laid on the upper end of machine tool 1, serving as a precise linear motion reference for the sliding parts of the machine. Two sets of headstock slides 2 are symmetrically slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail 11. The left and right spacing can be adaptively adjusted according to the overall length of the crankshaft 8 to be processed. Each set of headstock slides 2 is equipped with a fixture 21 at the top. The two ends of the crankshaft 8 are centered, clamped, and rotated by the fixtures 21 at both ends, ensuring that the crankshaft 8 can stably rotate around its own axis during processing.

[0019] Please refer to this first. Figure 1 The top of the machine tool 1 is fixedly installed with a grinding wheel multi-axis module 3. The grinding wheel multi-axis module 3 has multi-dimensional feed adjustment capability. Its output end is fixedly equipped with a grinding wheel high-speed motor 51. The grinding wheel 5 is directly driven by the grinding wheel high-speed motor 51 to rotate at high speed. In conjunction with the feed motion of the grinding wheel multi-axis module 3, the precision grinding of the outer circle of the crankshaft 8 is completed.

[0020] The invention also includes multiple sets of high-precision detection and compensation components. Among them, the follower gauge 4 is fixedly arranged on the side of the grinding wheel 5, which is specifically adapted to the crankshaft eccentric follower grinding process. It can follow the eccentric rotation trajectory of the crankshaft 8 throughout the entire process to perform dynamic floating and fitting motion. It can specifically track the real-time grinding outer diameter of the crankshaft connecting rod journal 82 in real time, realize closed-loop dimension detection in the dynamic process of eccentric rotation grinding, capture the eccentric grinding trajectory offset in real time, accurately compensate for the eccentric grinding motion trajectory error, and solve the problems of accumulated eccentric grinding trajectory deviation and out-of-tolerance dimensions in traditional grinding machines.

[0021] The hydraulic tracking center frame 6 is slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail 11 of the machine tool 1. It can adaptively and synchronously slide and align itself according to the grinding position of the grinding wheel 5 and the rotation state of the crankshaft 8. Its built-in hydraulic servo following structure can monitor and compensate for the small load deformation of the Y-axis guide rail 11 under heavy-load grinding conditions in real time. At the same time, it corrects the displacement lag error in the eccentric grinding process, eliminates the follow-up asynchronous defect from the mechanical motion level, and helps to offset the micro-vibration and elastic deflection of the crankshaft 8 in the high-speed grinding process, significantly improving the motion synchronization accuracy and processing stability of eccentric follow-up grinding.

[0022] The external diameter online measuring instrument 7 is also slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail 11 and can move in real time with the processing progress. It performs high-precision online detection of the outer diameter and contour roundness of the crankshaft 8 main journal 81 and connecting rod journal 82 after grinding. It collects grinding allowance deviation and contour error data in real time and feeds them back to the equipment control system. It provides accurate data support for the adaptive compensation of grinding parameters of the whole machine and the support force and position adjustment of the follow-up support mechanism 9, realizing the detection-feedback-compensation full closed-loop processing logic.

[0023] Please refer to this first. Figure 4 - Figure 12Two sets of follow-up support mechanisms 9 are symmetrically slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail 11. As the core auxiliary support structure in the grinding process of crankshaft 8, the position can be adaptively adjusted according to the size parameters of different machining shaft positions and different models of crankshafts, so as to provide flexible adaptive support for crankshaft 8, effectively offset the tool deformation and rotational vibration during the grinding process, and maintain the overall machining rigidity and motion stability of crankshaft 8 throughout the process.

[0024] The crankshaft 8 processed by this invention specifically includes a coaxially arranged main journal 81 and an eccentrically arranged connecting rod journal 82. The processing conditions and motion states of these two types of journals differ significantly. This invention addresses these differences by employing a structurally adaptable design of a follow-up support mechanism 9 to accommodate the processing requirements of both types of journals. The follow-up support mechanism 9 specifically includes a support slide 91 slidably mounted on a Y-axis guide rail 11. The support slide 91 serves as a movable base for the overall support structure. The two sets of support slides 91 are automatically adjusted in distance via a linear module, allowing for precise adaptation of the support span according to the crankshaft's crank span, significantly improving the processing adaptability and versatility of the equipment.

[0025] A support ring 92 is fixedly installed at the top of the support slide 91. The central axis of the support ring 92 is coaxial with the rotation axis of the crankshaft 8 held by the fixture 21, ensuring that the support reference of the whole machine is consistent with the rotation reference of the workpiece, and avoiding machining errors caused by support eccentricity.

[0026] The support ring 92 has an annular groove 921 inside, through which the rotating ring 93 is rotated to achieve smooth circumferential rotation of the rotating ring 93, effectively limiting axial and radial movement; the rotating ring 93 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the rotating ring 93, and the driving gear 931 is connected to a servo motor. The servo motor provides power to drive the rotating ring 93 to rotate at a uniform speed, and the rotation speed of the rotating ring 93 is synchronized with the rotation speed of the crankshaft 8 driven by the fixture 21, ensuring that the follow-up support mechanism 9 and the workpiece are completely linked and there is no speed difference, thus eliminating relative motion interference.

[0027] A radial adjustment mechanism 94 is fixedly installed radially on the inner side of the rotating ring 93. As the core of adaptive radial adjustment, the radial adjustment mechanism 94 includes a radial slide rail 941 fixed to the inner side of the rotating ring 93. A radial slide rod 942 is slidably mounted radially inside the radial slide rail 941. A tension spring 944 is clamped between the radial slide rail 941 and the radial slide rod 942. The elastic preload of the tension spring 944 achieves radial adaptive yielding and engagement, adapting to conditions such as uneven surface allowance and slight out-of-roundness of the crankshaft blank. Two sets of electric telescopic rods 943 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the radial slide rail 941. Pressure sensors 952 are installed at corresponding positions on the outer wall of the radial adjustment mechanism 94. The pressure sensors 952 are connected to the output ends of the electric telescopic rods 943, allowing real-time acquisition of radial support clamping pressure signals and feedback of the pressure data to the control system. This achieves closed-loop precise adjustment of the clamping pressure, preventing excessive pressure from damaging the workpiece surface and insufficient pressure from causing vibration deviations due to insufficient support rigidity. A C-shaped ring frame 95 is fixedly mounted at the end of the radial slide bar 942 away from the radial slide rail 941. The radial position of the C-shaped ring frame 95 is finely adjusted by the radial adjustment mechanism 94 to adapt to the crankshaft support requirements of different eccentric spacing and different shaft diameters.

[0028] The inner side of the C-shaped ring frame 95 is provided with an arc-shaped C-shaped groove 951, and the outer side of the C-shaped slip ring 97 is fixedly provided with a C-shaped guide rail 971. Through the arc-shaped sliding cooperation between the C-shaped groove 951 and the C-shaped guide rail 971, the C-shaped slip ring 97 can make a small adaptive arc rotation relative to the C-shaped ring frame 95, further conforming to the surface of the irregularly shaped blank of the crankshaft 8 and eliminating the problem of stress concentration at a single point of support.

[0029] C-shaped inner liner 96 is fixedly assembled inside the C-shaped slip ring 97. Multiple sets of equidistant and interconnected filling bladders 961 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the C-shaped inner liner 96. All filling bladders 961 are connected to an external liquid supply mechanism through pipelines. Before and during processing, the liquid supply mechanism continuously delivers pressurized magnetorheological fluid into the filling bladders 961, causing each set of filling bladders 961 to expand synchronously and fit and wrap the outer cylindrical surface of the crankshaft 8 in all directions without gaps. This achieves flexible adaptive support, which is suitable for the initial processing conditions of low precision and uneven allowance of the crankshaft blank, and avoids the defects of incomplete fit and local suspension vibration of traditional rigid support.

[0030] The inner side of the C-shaped slip ring 97 is fixedly fitted with an electromagnetic block 972. At the same time, the C-shaped ring frame 95 is made of magnetically conductive metal material, which provides a structural basis for electromagnetic adsorption and locking. When the electromagnetic block 972 is energized, it has a dual working mechanism. On the one hand, it can quickly magnetize the magnetorheological fluid inside the filling bag 961, so that the magnetorheological fluid can be instantly converted from a flexible flow state to a rigid solidified state. This switches the flexible adaptive support structure to an ultra-high rigidity support structure, which meets the rigidity requirements of high-precision grinding and suppresses grinding tool deflection and vibration deformation. On the other hand, the electromagnetic block 972 generates a stable electromagnetic attraction force when energized, which firmly attracts the magnetically conductive C-shaped ring frame 95, and locks the C-shaped slip ring 97 firmly onto the C-shaped ring frame 95, completely restricting the relative slippage and loosening between the C-shaped slip ring 97 and the C-shaped ring frame 95, thus ensuring the stability of the support structure during high-speed follow-up grinding.

[0031] Please refer to this first. Figure 11 - Figure 12 This invention adapts to two core grinding conditions of the crankshaft 8 by switching the structure of the follow-up support mechanism 9. In the eccentric grinding condition of the connecting rod journal 82 of the crankshaft 8, the two sets of follow-up support mechanisms 9 are precisely displaced along the Y-axis guide rail 11 to the main journal 81 positions on the left and right sides of the connecting rod journal 82. The corresponding main journal 81 is flexibly wrapped and rigidly clamped by the C-shaped inner liner 96. At this time, the center of the C-shaped slip ring 97 and the center of the support ring 92 are concentric, and a stable coaxial support reference is constructed. At the same time, the servo motor drives the rotating ring 93 to drive the radial adjustment mechanism 94 to rotate as a whole, precisely rotate to the lateral position opposite to the grinding wheel 5 and lock it in place. From the structural level, the mechanical interference problem during the feeding grinding of the grinding wheel 5 and the eccentric rotation of the connecting rod journal 82 is completely avoided. At the same time, the high rigidity support structure effectively suppresses the micro-vibration and elastic tool deformation during the eccentric follow-up grinding process of the connecting rod journal 82, ensuring the roundness accuracy and dimensional consistency of the connecting rod journal 82.

[0032] In the coaxial grinding condition of the crankshaft 8 main journal 81, two sets of follower support mechanisms 9 are displaced along the Y-axis guide rail 11 to the positions of the connecting rod journals 82 on both sides of the main journal 81. The corresponding connecting rod journals 82 are stably clamped by the C-shaped inner liner 96. At this time, the radial adjustment mechanism 94 is used to make the center of the C-shaped slip ring 97 eccentrically arranged relative to the center of the support ring 92. The eccentric distance between the C-shaped slip ring 97 and the support ring 92 is equal to the theoretical eccentric distance between the crankshaft 8 main journal 81 and the connecting rod journal 82, matching the crankshaft eccentric motion parameters. At the same time, the rotating ring 93 continuously drives the radial adjustment mechanism 94 to rotate synchronously, maintaining the same rotation speed as the fixture 21 and the crankshaft 8 throughout the process, realizing high-precision eccentric synchronous follower support, adapting to the grinding motion condition of the main journal 81, and solving the technical shortcomings of traditional equipment that cannot provide reverse eccentric support and has a single working condition adaptability.

[0033] This invention solves the technical problems of poor working condition adaptability, weak blank adaptability, large grinding vibration deformation, low follow-up accuracy, and poor processing consistency of traditional crankshaft grinding machines by combining the dual working condition adaptive switching of the follow-up support mechanism 9, the flexible fitting and rigid locking switchable support of the C-shaped inner liner 96, and multi-dimensional online detection and compensation. It effectively improves the grinding accuracy and processing yield of the entire crankshaft section and is suitable for high-precision crankshaft mass production scenarios.

[0034] The above description is only the best implementation method adopted in this application in combination with current practical needs, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto.

Claims

1. A crankshaft grinding machine, characterized in that, include: Machine tool (1), wherein the machine tool (1) is provided with a Y-axis guide rail (11); Headstock slide (2), two sets of headstock slides (2) are symmetrically slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail (11), and the headstock slide (2) is provided with a clamp (21) for clamping the end of the crankshaft (8). The grinding wheel (5) is driven to rotate by a high-speed grinding wheel motor (51); A grinding wheel multi-axis module (3) is set on the top of the machine tool (1), and the grinding wheel high-speed motor (51) is fixed to the output end of the grinding wheel multi-axis module (3); The follower gauge (4) is set on one side of the grinding wheel (5). The follower gauge (4) is an eccentric follower online measurement structure that can dynamically float and fit with the eccentric rotation trajectory of the crankshaft (8), track the grinding outer diameter of the connecting rod neck (82) in real time, realize uninterrupted closed-loop detection of the follower grinding process, and compensate for the error of the eccentric grinding trajectory. The hydraulic tracking center frame (6) is slidably set on the Y-axis guide rail (11). The hydraulic tracking center frame (6) can adaptively slide and align with the grinding position. The hydraulic servo following structure compensates for the load deformation of the Y-axis guide rail (11) and the eccentric grinding displacement lag error in real time, and helps to offset the grinding vibration and elastic deflection of the crankshaft (8), thereby improving the synchronization accuracy of the follow-up grinding motion. The external diameter online measuring instrument (7) is slidably set on the Y-axis guide rail (11). The external diameter online measuring instrument (7) is used to perform real-time online detection of the outer diameter and roundness of the crankshaft (8) machining part after grinding, and to provide real-time feedback on the grinding allowance deviation, so as to provide data support for grinding compensation and support adjustment. Follow-up support mechanism (9), two sets of follow-up support mechanisms (9) are symmetrically slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail (11) to support the crankshaft (8), counteract grinding tool deformation and rotational vibration, and maintain the rigidity and motion stability of the crankshaft (8) during grinding. The crankshaft (8) includes a main journal (81) and a connecting rod journal (82); The follow-up support mechanism (9) includes a support slide (91) slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail (11), and a bracket ring (92) is fixed on the top of the support slide (91). The axis of the bracket ring (92) is coaxial with the rotation axis of the clamp (21). A rotating ring (93) is rotatably connected inside the support ring (92). A radial adjustment mechanism (94) is fixed radially on the inner side of the rotating ring (93). A C-shaped ring frame (95) is fixed at the output end of the radial adjustment mechanism (94). A C-shaped slip ring (97) is rotatably connected inside the C-shaped ring frame (95). A C-shaped inner liner (96) is fixed on the inner side of the C-shaped slip ring (97). The spacing between the two sets of support slides (91) is adjusted by a linear module to adapt to the support requirements of different crankshaft crank spans; The bracket ring (92) is provided with an annular groove (921) that cooperates with the rotating ring (93). The rotating ring (93) is provided with a drive gear (931) on the outside. The drive gear (931) is driven to rotate by a servo motor. The rotation speed of the rotating ring (93) is synchronized with the rotation speed of the crankshaft (8) held by the clamp (21). The radial adjustment mechanism (94) includes a radial slide rail (941) fixed to the inner side of the rotating ring (93), a radial slide rod (942) is slidably connected to the radial side of the rotating ring (93) inside the radial slide rail (941), and a tension spring (944) is clamped between the radial slide rail (941) and the radial slide rod (942). The C-shaped ring frame (95) is fixed to the end of the radial slide bar (942) away from the radial slide rail (941); Two sets of electric telescopic rods (943) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the radial slide rail (941). The outer wall of the radial adjustment mechanism (94) is provided with a pressure sensor (952) that is connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (943) to collect the tightening pressure of the radial adjustment mechanism (94) in real time and realize closed-loop adjustment. The C-shaped ring frame (95) is provided with a C-shaped groove (951), and the outer circumference of the C-shaped slip ring (97) is provided with a C-shaped guide rail (971) that cooperates with the C-shaped groove (951). The inner circumference of the C-shaped liner (96) is provided with several equally spaced and interconnected filling bladders (961). The filling bladders (961) are connected to a liquid supply mechanism through pipes. The liquid supply mechanism is used to provide pressurized magnetorheological fluid to the filling bladders (961) to achieve flexible and gapless wrapping of the crankshaft (8). The inner side of the C-shaped slip ring (97) is provided with an electromagnetic block (972) that cooperates with the magnetorheological fluid. The C-shaped ring frame (95) is made of magnetically conductive metal. When the electromagnetic block (972) is energized, it magnetizes the magnetorheological fluid, causing it to switch from a flexible state to a rigid support state. On the other hand, it generates an electromagnetic attraction force to firmly attract the C-shaped ring frame (95), thereby locking and positioning the C-shaped slip ring (97) on the C-shaped ring frame (95) and restricting relative slippage.

2. The crankshaft grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the grinding wheel (5) processes the connecting rod journal (82) of the crankshaft (8), the two sets of follow-up support mechanisms (9) are displaced to the main journals (81) on both sides of the connecting rod journal (82) and the corresponding main journals (81) are clamped by the C-shaped inner liner (96). At this time, the center of the C-shaped slip ring (97) is concentric with the center of the support ring (92). The rotating ring (93) drives the radial adjustment mechanism (94) to rotate to the opposite side of the grinding wheel (5) and fix it, avoiding grinding interference and building a stable coaxial support reference, suppressing the follow-up grinding vibration and tool deformation of the connecting rod journal (82).

3. The crankshaft grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the grinding wheel (5) processes the main journal (81) of the crankshaft (8), the two sets of follow-up support mechanisms (9) are displaced to the connecting rod journals (82) on both sides of the main journal (81) and clamped by the corresponding connecting rod journals (82) through the C-shaped inner liner (96). At this time, the center of the C-shaped slip ring (97) is eccentrically set with the center of the support ring (92). The eccentric distance between the C-shaped slip ring (97) and the support ring (92) is equal to the theoretical eccentric distance between the main journal (81) and the connecting rod journal (82). The rotating ring (93) drives the radial adjustment mechanism (94) to rotate and maintains the same speed as the fixture (21) to realize eccentric synchronous follow-up support, which is adapted to the grinding conditions of the main journal (81).

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