A hoisting device and hoisting method for machining parts of mining machinery

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hoisting of mining machinery parts, and discloses a hoisting device and a hoisting method for mining machinery parts, the hoisting device comprising a hoisting part and a suction cup part, the suction cup part comprising a fixing seat, a guide assembly, a magnetic suction head, an abutting head and a locking assembly, the magnetic suction head and the abutting head being rotatably arranged at the movable ends of the corresponding guide assemblies and alternately arranged along the length direction of the fixing seat, each guide assembly being elastically compressed when the fixing seat is lowered, so that the magnetic suction head and the abutting head are attached to the surface of the part; after hoisting, the locking assembly locks each guide assembly, after the part is placed, the locking assembly first releases the corresponding guide assembly of the abutting head and keeps the corresponding guide assembly of the magnetic suction head locked, so that the abutting head continues to press the part when the fixing seat moves upward, the magnetic suction head separates from the part by overcoming the residual magnetism, and then the abutting head separates from the part, thereby reducing the warping deformation of the arc-shaped thin plate or the special-shaped mining part during the demagnetization process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hoisting and processing technology for mining machinery parts, and specifically to a hoisting device and method for hoisting mining machinery parts. Background Technology

[0002] Mining machinery typically operates in ore crushing, material conveying, support tunneling, screening and feeding, and underground auxiliary transportation. Its components are generally characterized by large size, heavy weight, irregular shape, and dispersed processing references. During the processing of mining machinery parts, common wear-resistant liners, arc-shaped guard plates, screen plates, curved cover plates, support shell plates, and irregularly shaped thin plate parts after welding require repeated transfer between cutting, welding, shaping, milling, drilling, heat treatment, spraying, and inspection stations. For plate-shaped or shell-shaped parts with ferromagnetic properties, magnetic lifting devices are typically used on-site to reduce the time spent on sling threading, hook attachment, and manual turning. However, some plates in mining machinery parts, although large in overall size, are relatively thin and have curved surfaces, folded edges, or local reinforcing ribs, resulting in uneven overall rigidity. When magnetic heads concentrate on adsorption, detach from one side first, or leave with residual magnetism after placement, the parts are prone to local warping, edge arching, curvature changes, or machining datum shifts, which can affect subsequent welding gaps, assembly positions, and machining accuracy.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN114014139B discloses a handling device for marine three-dimensional curved sheet metal, including a gantry frame and a lifting device. The lifting device is installed on the crossbeam of the gantry frame and moves laterally along the crossbeam. The lifting device can also move longitudinally with the gantry frame. The lifting device includes a lifting assembly, a suction cup assembly, and a suction cup adjustment device. The lifting device is movably connected to the crossbeam of the gantry frame through the lifting assembly. The suction cup assembly is connected to the bottom of the lifting assembly through the suction cup adjustment device. There are at least three suction cup assemblies, which are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction centered on the lifting assembly. The suction cup assemblies are respectively attracted to different positions on the surface of the three-dimensional curved sheet metal. This solution can adapt to different positions of the curved sheet metal through multiple suction cup assemblies, thereby improving the adsorption reliability during the handling of the curved sheet metal.

[0004] However, in the processing of mining machinery parts, the detachment process after the parts are placed also affects the shape of the parts. Even if the magnets are demagnetized using electro-permanent magnet circuit switching technology, if the workpiece material is high-carbon alloy steel, its coercivity is high, making it extremely difficult to completely demagnetize. After the magnetic head is de-energized or released from adsorption, residual magnetism may still exist between the magnetic head and the part, especially when there is oxide scale, cutting oil, fine iron filings, or local flatness deviation on the part surface. In such cases, some magnetic heads will not completely detach from the part surface synchronously. If the suction cup assembly moves directly upward, some magnetic heads may still locally pull the part, while other parts have already detached from the support, easily forming an additional bending force similar to prying. For long, curved thin plates, this local pulling at the moment of detachment is more likely to cause edge warping and surface shape changes than static adsorption during simple hoisting. Therefore, a hoisting device and hoisting method for processing mining machinery parts is needed that can press and hold the part surface before the magnetic head detaches from the part and release the magnetic head and the support in a predetermined sequence. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a hoisting device and method for processing mining machinery parts, aiming to solve the problem that in related technologies, suction cup hoisting devices cause warping and deformation of long, thin plate parts after placement due to residual magnetic pull or asynchronous local separation.

[0006] A hoisting device for processing mining machinery parts includes a hoisting section and a suction cup component installed below the hoisting section. The suction cup component includes a fixed base, multiple guide components, multiple magnetic heads, multiple abutment joints, and a locking component. The multiple guide components are installed at intervals on the fixed base along its length. The magnetic heads and abutment joints are rotatably disposed at the movable ends of their respective guide components. The movable ends of the guide components are elastically slid up and down so that when the fixed base descends, the magnetic heads and abutment joints can respectively adhere to the surface of the part. The magnetic heads and abutment joints are alternately arranged along the length of the fixed base, and the abutment joints are located on both sides of the length of the fixed base. The locking component is installed on the fixed base and is used to lock and release the movable ends of the guide components. After the part is lowered, the locking component can first release the lock on the guide component connected to the abutment joint, and maintain the lock on the guide component connected to the magnetic head. When the fixed base moves upward, the abutment joint remains pressed against the surface of the part, while the magnetic head separates from the surface of the part first.

[0007] The effect is as follows: When the fixed base descends, each magnetic head and abutment can adapt to the height difference of the part surface by means of the elastic sliding of the guide assembly. This ensures that multiple contact points do not press against the part in a rigid, fixed-height manner, but rather contact the part surface in a close-fitting posture. The magnetic heads and abutments are arranged alternately, with the magnetic heads responsible for adsorption and support, and the abutments responsible for providing pressure support during release and detachment. In particular, arranging the abutments on both sides of the fixed base along its length can form a constraint at the edge of the plate, reducing the edge from being lifted by the residual magnetism of the magnetic heads. After the part is placed on the processing table or other load-bearing position, the locking assembly first releases the guide assembly corresponding to the abutment, allowing the abutment to continue to extend downward and press against the part as the fixed base moves upward. The guide assembly connecting the magnetic heads remains locked. The upward movement of the fixed base will cause the magnetic heads to detach from the part surface. Even if there is still residual magnetism between the magnetic heads and the part, the part will be restricted to the load-bearing position by the abutments, thus preventing the part from being lifted or partially pried up by the magnetic heads. After the magnetic head detaches, the contact point is then removed from the surface of the part. This allows the part to transition more smoothly from an adsorbed state to a free-placed state, reducing the risk of deformation for thin-plate mining machinery parts and curved or irregularly shaped parts.

[0008] Preferably, the guiding assembly includes a guide sleeve, a movable rod, and an elastic element. The guide sleeve is fixedly mounted on the fixed base, the movable rod is slidably disposed within the guide sleeve in the vertical direction, and the elastic element is disposed between the guide sleeve and the movable rod, with one end of the elastic element connected to the guide sleeve and the other end connected to the movable rod. The guide sleeve provides vertical guidance for the movable rod, enabling the magnetic head and the abutment to extend and retract stably relative to the fixed base, avoiding large lateral swaying when contacting the surface of the part. The elastic element allows the movable rod to rebound after being compressed. During the descent of the fixed base, the movable rod can be pressed into different depths according to the height difference at different positions on the surface of the part, so that multiple magnetic heads and abutments can all conform to the surface of the part. During the de-attachment process, after the movable rod corresponding to the abutment is released, the elastic element allows the abutment to continue to abut against the surface of the part, providing a reverse holding force for the magnetic head to detach.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding stroke of the movable rod connecting the abutment is greater than the sliding stroke of the movable rod connecting the magnetic head. The abutment bears the continuous holding effect during the release process, and its larger stroke allows it to maintain contact with the surface of the part during the initial stage of the fixed seat moving upward. The corresponding movable rod of the magnetic head has a shorter stroke, allowing it to move upward with the fixed seat and leave the surface of the part more quickly while in the locked state. The difference in stroke between the two, combined with the locking sequence, makes the action of the magnetic head leaving first and the abutment leaving later more stable, preventing the abutment from disengaging too early and causing the part to lose its holding force.

[0010] Preferably, both the magnetic suction head and the abutment are connected to the lower end of the corresponding movable rod via a universal joint. The universal joint enables the magnetic suction head and the abutment to have multi-directional fine-adjustment capability relative to the movable rod. When facing curved guard plates, bent plates, or locally uneven mining machinery parts, the magnetic suction head and the abutment can deflect with the angle of the part surface, expanding the effective contact area, reducing indentations and localized force concentration caused by unilateral contact, and improving adsorption stability and pressure resistance stability.

[0011] Preferably, the universal joint is a ball joint hinge, with a ball head at the lower end of the movable rod and ball sockets at the upper ends of the magnetic head and the abutment head, respectively, that rotatably engage with the ball head. The ball joint hinge has a compact structure, enabling angle adjustment within a small installation space, and is suitable for arranging multiple guide components along the length of the fixed base. The engagement between the ball head and the ball socket prevents the magnetic head and the abutment head from disengaging from the movable rod, while allowing them to swing within a certain angle range, enabling them to automatically align themselves when contacting the surface of the part.

[0012] Preferably, the guide sleeve has a through hole on its side wall. The locking assembly includes a first electric telescopic rod and a second electric telescopic rod. The movable end of the first electric telescopic rod is provided with a first abutting rod, and the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod is provided with a second abutting rod. The first abutting rod can pass through the through hole corresponding to the guide sleeve connected to the magnetic suction head and abut against the corresponding movable rod. The second abutting rod can pass through the through hole corresponding to the guide sleeve connected to the abutting head and abut against the corresponding movable rod. By controlling the locking state of the movable rod corresponding to the magnetic suction head and the movable rod corresponding to the abutting head respectively by the first electric telescopic rod and the second electric telescopic rod, the independent control of the two sets of guide assemblies can be achieved. Before and after hoisting, they can be locked simultaneously to maintain the adsorption posture. When lowering and detaching, the locking of the abutting head set can be released first, and then the magnetic suction head set can be locked. The action logic is clear and easy to link with the on / off control of the hoisting part and the magnetic suction head.

[0013] Preferably, the locking assembly includes an electric telescopic rod and a first elastic push plate and a second elastic push plate alternately arranged along the length of the movable end of the electric telescopic rod. The first elastic push plate is used to abut against the guide assembly connected to the magnetic suction head, and the second elastic push plate is used to abut against the guide assembly connected to the abutment head. When the electric telescopic rod moves away from the guide assembly, the second elastic push plate first releases its lock on the guide assembly connected to the abutment head, and then the first elastic push plate releases its lock on the guide assembly connected to the magnetic suction head. By driving multiple first elastic push plates and second elastic push plates to move synchronously with the same electric telescopic rod, the number of driving components can be reduced, and the release sequence can be formed by the contact difference between the elastic push plates and the guide assembly. In the length direction of the fixed seat, the first elastic push plate and the second elastic push plate are alternately arranged, corresponding to the alternating arrangement of the magnetic suction head and the abutment head, which enables multi-point synchronous locking and grouped sequential release on a long fixed seat.

[0014] Preferably, the movable end of the electric telescopic rod has a mounting groove, and both the first elastic push plate and the second elastic push plate are slidably disposed in the mounting groove. A first compression spring is disposed between the first elastic push plate and the mounting groove, and a second compression spring is disposed between the second elastic push plate and the mounting groove. The pre-compression amount of the second compression spring is less than that of the first compression spring. The larger pre-compression amount of the first compression spring allows the first elastic push plate to maintain its clamping action on the guide component corresponding to the magnetic head during the initial retraction of the electric telescopic rod. The smaller pre-compression amount of the second compression spring allows the second elastic push plate to release its clamping action on the guide component corresponding to the abutment head earlier. Thus, the release sequence is achieved through an elastic structure, eliminating the need for a complex control mechanism for each guide component.

[0015] Preferably, the lower end of the abutment is provided with an elastic pad, the lower end surface of which is an arc surface or a flexible plane, and the lower end surface of the magnetic suction head is configured as an adsorption surface that fits against the surface of the part. The elastic pad can buffer the pressure of the abutment on the surface of the part, reducing indentations during the detachment and holding process; the arc surface or flexible plane can adapt to the local curvature and roughness of the surface of the mining machinery parts, so that the abutment can limit the displacement of the part during continuous holding without forming sharp point extrusion on the part.

[0016] A hoisting method for processing mining machinery parts, using the aforementioned hoisting device for processing mining machinery parts, includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Move the lifting unit, along with the suction cup assembly, above the part to be lifted. Step 2: Lower the fixed base, and the magnetic head and the abutment will adhere to the surface of the part under the elastic sliding action and rotation adjustment action of the corresponding guide components; Step 3: Lock the moving ends of each guide component using the locking assembly, and allow the magnetic head to attract the parts; Step 4: Lift and transfer the parts using the hoisting unit; Step 5: After placing the part on the processing table or the support position, release the magnetic head's attraction. Step 6: First, release the locking component of the guide component connecting the abutment, and keep the guide component connecting the magnetic head in the locked state. The hoisting part moves the fixed base upward, so that the abutment continues to press against the surface of the part, and the magnetic head disengages from the surface of the part first. Step 7: After the magnetic head separates from the part, the locking assembly releases the locking of the guide assembly connected to the magnetic head, and the lifting part continues to move upward, causing the abutment to detach from the surface of the part.

[0018] This method divides the adsorption, transport, and desorption processes into multiple controllable stages. In particular, after placement, instead of allowing the entire suction cup assembly to directly detach from the part, it first uses an abutment joint to maintain pressure, allowing the magnetic suction head to detach while the part is held in place. This solves the problem of residual magnetism pulling on the part by the magnetic suction head. For common curved thin plates, liners, and irregularly shaped plates in mining machinery, this method can reduce the alignment work after hoisting and placement, and improve the positioning stability of subsequent processing.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By alternately setting up magnetic suction heads and abutment joints, with the abutment joints positioned on both sides of the fixed base along its length, the suction cup assembly possesses both magnetic attraction and holding capabilities during hoisting. When the fixed base descends, the magnetic suction head and abutment joint, through the elastic sliding and rotating connection of the guide assembly, adhere to the surface of the part, adapting to curved surfaces, bent surfaces, and locally uneven surfaces. After the part is lowered, the abutment joint is released first and continues to press against the part, while the magnetic suction head detaches from the part surface while the part is held under pressure. This prevents residual magnetism from lifting parts locally, reducing the possibility of warping at the edges of thin plates and curved parts.

[0020] 2. A guide assembly consisting of a guide sleeve, a movable rod, and an elastic element allows both the magnetic suction head and the abutment to float up and down relative to the fixed seat, avoiding the problem of only partial contact when the traditional fixed suction cup contacts curved parts. By making the stroke of the movable rod corresponding to the abutment greater than the stroke of the movable rod corresponding to the magnetic suction head, the abutment can still maintain contact with the surface of the part in the initial stage of the fixed seat moving upward, ensuring a stable reverse holding force during the disengagement stage of the magnetic suction head.

[0021] 3. By using locking components to lock and release the guide components connecting the magnetic suction head and the abutment joint in groups, the lifting, lowering, and de-suction actions form a defined mechanical control process. When two electric telescopic rods are used for separate control, clear group control can be achieved; when the same electric telescopic rod is used in conjunction with the first elastic push plate, the second elastic push plate, and compression springs with different pre-compression amounts, the number of drives can be reduced and sequential release can be achieved, resulting in a more compact structure suitable for arranging multiple suction points and abutment points on a long strip-shaped fixed base. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting part and suction cup component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the suction cup component of the present invention located above the part.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4This is a top view of the structure of the electric telescopic pole of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first compression spring and the second compression spring of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electric telescopic rod and the second electric telescopic rod of the present invention.

[0029] Figure label: 1. Lifting unit; 2. Suction cup assembly; 21. Fixing base; 22. Guide assembly; 221. Guide sleeve; 2211. Through hole; 222. Movable rod; 223. Elastic element; 23. Magnetic suction head; 24. Abutment joint; 241. Elastic pad; 25. Locking assembly; 251. First electric telescopic rod; 252. Second electric telescopic rod; 253. First abutment rod; 254. Second abutment rod; 255. Electric telescopic rod; 2551. Mounting groove; 256. First elastic push plate; 257. Second elastic push plate; 258. First compression spring; 259. Second compression spring; 26. Universal joint; 3. Parts. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a hoisting device for processing mining machinery parts includes a hoisting section 1 and a suction cup component 2 disposed below the hoisting section 1. The hoisting section 1 is used to drive the suction cup component 2 to move up, down, and horizontally. The suction cup component 2 is used to attract, support, and transfer ferromagnetic parts 3 during the processing of mining machinery parts. Part 3 is an arc-shaped plate, guard plate, liner plate, bending plate, plate for screening equipment, or other plate-shaped parts that need to be transferred during processing in mining machinery equipment. The surface of part 3 has a certain curvature or local uneven areas, and if part 3 is pulled by the residual magnetism of the magnetic suction head 23 after being placed, it is easy to cause edge warping, local bending, or processing reference deviation. In this embodiment, the suction cup component 2 is not only used to attract and lift part 3, but also to control the force state when the magnetic suction head 23 is separated from part 3 after part 3 is placed, so that part 3 is still pressed in the bearing position by the abutment joint 24 during the process of the magnetic suction head 23 being separated, thereby reducing the risk of part 3 being deformed due to local lifting.

[0032] The suction cup component 2 includes a fixed base 21, multiple guide components 22, multiple magnetic heads 23, multiple abutment joints 24, and a locking component 25. The fixed base 21 is a long strip-shaped mounting base, the length of which is consistent with the main extension direction of the part 3 to be lifted. The upper part of the fixed base 21 is connected to the lifting part 1, which can be a crane hook, electric hoist, robotic arm lifting end, or other lifting mechanism capable of driving the fixed base 21 to lift and move. Multiple guide components 22 are spaced apart along the length of the fixed base 21, each guide component 22 extending downwards to form a movable end for mounting the magnetic heads 23 or abutment joints 24. The multiple magnetic heads 23 and multiple abutment joints 24 are arranged alternately along the length of the fixed base 21, with two abutment joints 24 located on opposite sides of the fixed base 21, and the magnetic heads 23 positioned between adjacent abutment joints 24. With this arrangement, the magnetic suction head 23 is used to provide the main adsorption force during the hoisting process, and the abutment joint 24 is used to press the surface of the part 3 during the dropping and detachment process. In particular, the abutment joints 24 on both sides can restrict the edge area of ​​the part 3, reducing the upward lifting of the edge of the part 3 due to residual magnetic pull.

[0033] The fixed base 21 is provided with mounting holes or mounting seats, and each guide component 22 is fixed to the corresponding mounting hole or mounting seat by bolt connection, welding, or clamping. In this embodiment, the guide component 22 is bolted to the fixed base 21, which facilitates the adjustment of the number and spacing of the guide components 22 according to the different sizes of parts 3. The fixed base 21 is also provided with reinforcing ribs, which extend along the length of the fixed base 21 to improve the bending resistance of the fixed base 21 and prevent the fixed base 21 from deforming significantly when lifting longer parts 3. The fixed base 21 is provided with a lifting part 1 in the middle, and the lifting part 1 is provided with a lifting hole; in other embodiments, the fixed base 21 is provided with a connecting flange on the upper part, which is connected to the end of the robotic arm so that the robotic arm can drive the suction cup component 2 to complete the positioning and lifting.

[0034] The guide assembly 22 includes a guide sleeve 221, a movable rod 222, and an elastic element 223. The guide sleeve 221 is vertically fixed on the fixed base 21. The guide sleeve 221 has a guide cavity extending vertically. The movable rod 222 is slidably disposed within the guide cavity, with its lower end extending out of the guide sleeve 221 and connecting to the magnetic suction head 23 or the abutment head 24. The outer circumferential surface of the movable rod 222 maintains a sliding fit with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 221. The guide sleeve 221 limits the movement of the movable rod 222, ensuring it can only slide vertically, thus preventing significant lateral sway of the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment head 24 during hoisting. A limiting step is provided on the movable rod 222, and a limiting ring is provided at the lower end of the guide sleeve 221. The limiting ring cooperates with the limiting step to prevent the movable rod 222 from dislodging downwards from the guide sleeve 221.

[0035] An elastic element 223 is disposed between the guide sleeve 221 and the movable rod 222. In this embodiment, the elastic element 223 is a compression spring. One end of the compression spring abuts against the inner wall step of the guide sleeve 221, and the other end abuts against the limiting step on the movable rod 222. When the fixed seat 21 descends, the magnetic head 23 and the abutment 24 first contact the surface of the part 3. As the fixed seat 21 continues to descend, the movable rod 222 is pushed by the surface of the part 3 and slides into the guide sleeve 221, compressing the elastic element 223. When the locking assembly 25 releases the locking of the movable rod 222, the elastic element 223 can push the movable rod 222 downward, so that the abutment 24 installed at the lower end of the movable rod 222 continues to press against the surface of the part 3. Through this structure, each magnetic head 23 and abutment 24 can automatically form different extension and retraction amounts according to the height difference of the surface of the part 3, thereby adapting to curved plates, irregularly shaped plates, or parts 3 with local reinforcing rib avoidance areas.

[0036] The sliding stroke of the movable rod 222 connecting the abutment 24 is greater than that of the movable rod 222 connecting the magnetic suction head 23. Specifically, a longer guide cavity is provided in the guide sleeve 221 of the abutment 24, and a shorter guide cavity is provided in the guide sleeve 221 of the magnetic suction head 23; or a stroke limiting block is provided in the guide sleeve 221 of the magnetic suction head 23, so that the movable rod 222 of the magnetic suction head 23 can only slide up and down within a shorter range. Since the abutment 24 needs to continue pressing against the surface of the part 3 when the magnetic suction head 23 is detached from the part 3, the movable rod 222 corresponding to the abutment 24 has a larger extension margin. When the fixed base 21 moves upward, the movable rod 222 corresponding to the magnetic suction head 23 is locked and moves upward with the fixed base 21, and the magnetic suction head 23 can quickly detach from the part 3; after the movable rod 222 corresponding to the abutment 24 is released, it can continue to extend downward under the action of the elastic member 223, so that the abutment 24 is still in contact with the part 3 in the initial stage of the fixed base 21 moving upward, thereby pressing the part 3.

[0037] Both the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment head 24 are connected to the lower end of the corresponding movable rod 222 via a universal joint 26. In this embodiment, the universal joint 26 is a ball joint hinge, the lower end of the movable rod 222 forms a ball head, and the upper ends of both the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment head 24 are provided with ball sockets. The ball head is rotatably mounted in the ball socket, and the outer side of the ball socket is restricted from disengaging by a pressure cap. The ball joint hinge allows the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment head 24 to swing relative to the movable rod 222 within a certain angle range, so that the adsorption surface of the magnetic suction head 23 and the pressing surface of the abutment head 24 can fit against the arc-shaped surface or inclined surface of the part 3. For mining machinery parts 3, their surfaces often have forming arcs, cutting errors, welding deformations, or transition surfaces with local reinforcing ribs. If the magnetic suction head 23 is rigidly fixed on the fixed base 21, it is easy to have unilateral adsorption or local indentation. After being connected by a ball joint hinge, the magnetic head 23 and the abutment head 24 can automatically align themselves when contacting the surface of the part 3, thereby improving the contact area and the uniformity of force distribution.

[0038] The magnetic chuck 23 is an electromagnetic chuck. The lower end of the magnetic chuck 23 is a flat or slightly curved adsorption surface. The magnetic chuck 23 is connected to a controller via a cable. The controller controls the magnetic chuck 23 to adsorb when powered on and to demagnetize when powered off. The outer shell of the magnetic chuck 23 is made of a magnetically conductive material. A wear-resistant magnetic plate can be provided on the lower end surface of the magnetic chuck 23 for direct contact with the surface of the part 3. The abutment 24 is a non-magnetic holding component. An elastic pad 241 is provided at the lower end of the abutment 24. The elastic pad 241 is made of rubber, polyurethane, or nylon composite material. The lower end surface of the elastic pad 241 is curved or a flexible flat surface, which can disperse the contact pressure when pressing against the surface of the part 3, preventing the abutment 24 from forming obvious indentations on the surface of the part 3. In other embodiments, the magnetic chuck 23 is a permanent magnet chuck with a mechanical demagnetizing structure. Adsorption and release are controlled by rotating a magnetic circuit switching component.

[0039] In one embodiment, the locking assembly 25 includes a first electric telescopic rod 251 and a second electric telescopic rod 252. A through hole 2211 is provided on the side wall of the guide sleeve 221, communicating with a guide cavity inside the guide sleeve 221. The first electric telescopic rod 251 is mounted on the fixed base 21 and corresponds to the guide assembly 22 connecting the magnetic head 23. A first abutting rod 253 is provided at the movable end of the first electric telescopic rod 251. The second electric telescopic rod 252 is mounted on the fixed base 21 and corresponds to the guide assembly 22 connecting the abutting head 24. A second abutting rod 254 is provided at the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod 252. The first abutting rod 253 can pass through the corresponding through hole 2211 and abut against the movable rod 222 connecting the magnetic head 23. The second abutting rod 254 can pass through the corresponding through hole 2211 and abut against the movable rod 222 connecting the abutting head 24. The first abutting rod 253 and the second abutting rod 254 are provided with anti-slip textures or wear-resistant friction plates on the side facing the movable rod 222 to improve the abutting stability of the movable rod 222.

[0040] In this implementation structure, when the fixed base 21 descends and the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment head 24 are in contact with the surface of the part 3, the first electric telescopic rod 251 and the second electric telescopic rod 252 extend simultaneously. The first abutment rod 253 and the second abutment rod 254 pass through the corresponding through holes 2211 and abut against the movable rod 222, so that the movable rod 222 remains fixed relative to the guide sleeve 221. At this time, each magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment head 24 remains in contact with the surface of the part 3. After the magnetic suction head 23 is energized and attracted, the lifting part 1 can lift the part 3 through the fixed base 21. Since the movable rod 222 is locked, the part 3 will not shake during the transfer process due to the repeated extension and retraction of the guide assembly 22, and the attraction surface of the magnetic suction head 23 can also maintain contact with the surface of the part 3.

[0041] After part 3 is placed on the processing table or support frame, the controller first releases the magnetic head 23's attraction, then controls the second electric telescopic rod 252 to retract, causing the second abutment rod 254 to exit the through hole 2211, and the movable rod 222 connecting the abutment joint 24 to be unlocked. At this time, the first electric telescopic rod 251 is still in the extended state, and the movable rod 222 connecting the magnetic head 23 is still locked by the first abutment rod 253. Subsequently, the lifting unit 1 drives the fixed base 21 to move upward slowly. The movable rod 222 corresponding to the magnetic head 23, still locked, moves upward with the fixed base 21, and the magnetic head 23 gradually leaves the surface of part 3. The movable rod 222 corresponding to the abutment joint 24 has been unlocked and continues to extend downward under the action of the elastic element 223, so that the abutment joint 24 keeps pressing against the surface of part 3. In this way, even if there is residual magnetism between the magnetic head 23 and part 3, part 3 will be pressed into the bearing position by the abutment joint 24 and will not be partially lifted by the magnetic head 23. After the magnetic head 23 is completely separated from the part 3, the first electric telescopic rod 251 retracts, the first abutting rod 253 releases the lock on the movable rod 222 connected to the magnetic head 23, the fixed seat 21 continues to rise, and the abutting head 24 finally leaves the surface of the part 3.

[0042] In another embodiment, the locking assembly 25 includes an electric telescopic rod 255, a plurality of first elastic push plates 256, and a plurality of second elastic push plates 257. The electric telescopic rod 255 is mounted on a fixed base 21, with its movable end extending along the length of the fixed base 21. A mounting bracket is provided at the movable end of the electric telescopic rod 255, and a mounting groove 2551 is formed on the mounting bracket. The first elastic push plates 256 and the second elastic push plates 257 are slidably disposed within the mounting groove 2551. The first elastic push plates 256 correspond to the guide assembly 22 connecting the magnetic suction head 23, and the second elastic push plates 257 correspond to the guide assembly 22 connecting the abutment head 24. A first compression spring 258 is provided between the first elastic push plate 256 and the mounting groove 2551, and a second compression spring 259 is provided between the second elastic push plate 257 and the mounting groove 2551. The pre-compression of the second compression spring 259 is less than the pre-compression of the first compression spring 258.

[0043] In this implementation structure, when the electric telescopic rod 255 extends, the first elastic push plate 256 and the second elastic push plate 257 respectively abut against the through hole 2211 on the corresponding movable rod 222 or the corresponding guide sleeve 221, thereby locking the guide assembly 22 connecting the magnetic suction head 23 and the connecting abutment head 24. Since the first elastic push plate 256 and the second elastic push plate 257 are both installed in the mounting groove 2551 by compression springs, they can adapt to the slight positional differences of each movable rod 222, avoiding the inability of some movable rods 222 to be effectively locked due to the different surface curvature of the parts 3. In the initial retraction phase of the electric telescopic rod 255, the second compression spring 259, due to its smaller pre-compression, causes the second elastic push plate 257 to lose its locking effect on the guide component 22 connecting the abutment 24 earlier, allowing the corresponding movable rod 222 of the abutment 24 to be released first. The first compression spring 258, with its larger pre-compression, causes the first elastic push plate 256 to maintain its locking effect on the guide component 22 connecting the magnetic suction head 23 in the initial retraction phase of the electric telescopic rod 255, allowing the magnetic suction head 23 to move upwards with the fixed base 21 and disengage from the part 3 first. As the electric telescopic rod 255 continues to retract, the first elastic push plate 256 also releases its locking effect on the guide component 22 connecting the magnetic suction head 23, completing the entire disengagement process. This implementation structure achieves simultaneous locking and group release of multiple sets of guide components 22 using a single electric telescopic rod 255. The structure is relatively compact and suitable for hoisting scenarios where the fixed base 21 is long and the number of guide components 22 is large.

[0044] Before hoisting part 3, select an appropriate number of magnetic suction heads 23 and abutment joints 24 according to the size and center of gravity of part 3, and arrange the fixing base 21 along the length of part 3. The hoisting unit 1 drives the fixing base 21 to descend, and the magnetic suction heads 23 and abutment joints 24 located below the fixing base 21 gradually approach the surface of part 3. When a magnetic suction head 23 or abutment joint 24 first contacts the higher area of ​​part 3, the corresponding movable rod 222 slides into the guide sleeve 221 and compresses the elastic element 223; when other magnetic suction heads 23 or abutment joints 24 contact the lower area of ​​part 3, the corresponding movable rod 222 produces a small amount of sliding. Since each guide component 22 slides independently, the fixing base 21 does not need to be completely parallel to the surface of part 3, so that multiple magnetic suction heads 23 and abutment joints 24 can respectively adhere to the surface of part 3.

[0045] Once the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment joint 24 are in contact with the surface of part 3, the locking assembly 25 locks each movable rod 222, keeping the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment joint 24 in their current extended positions. Subsequently, the magnetic suction head 23 is energized to attract part 3, and the lifting unit 1 drives the fixed base 21 to rise, causing part 3 to be attracted and move away from its original position. During the transfer process, although the abutment joint 24 does not provide magnetic attraction, it maintains contact with the surface of part 3 and restricts the swing of part 3 relative to the fixed base 21, while the magnetic suction head 23 bears the attraction and support function. The alternating arrangement of multiple magnetic suction heads 23 and multiple abutment joints 24 along the length of the fixed base 21 allows for a more balanced distribution of the attraction and support forces on part 3.

[0046] After part 3 is transferred to the processing table, welding platform, or inspection platform, the lifting unit 1 lowers the fixed base 21, causing part 3 to gradually fall onto the bearing surface. After part 3 is stabilized, the magnetic suction head 23 is de-energized or demagnetized. However, since both the magnetic suction head 23 and part 3 are made of ferromagnetic materials, residual magnetic attraction may still exist between the magnetic suction head 23 and part 3. If the fixed base 21 moves upward directly at this time, some of the magnetic suction heads 23 may still locally pull on part 3, causing the edge of part 3 to be lifted or locally bent. In this embodiment, the locking component 25 first releases the locking of the guide component 22 connecting the abutment 24, and continues to maintain the locking of the guide component 22 connecting the magnetic suction head 23. When the fixed base 21 moves upward, the magnetic suction head 23 moves upward with the fixed base 21 and gradually detaches from the surface of part 3, while the abutment 24 continues to abut against the surface of part 3 under the action of the elastic element 223, applying a downward holding force to part 3. In this way, when the magnetic head 23 detaches from the part 3, the part 3 will not be lifted up with the magnetic head 23, which can especially prevent the edges of the part 3 from warping.

[0047] After the magnetic suction head 23 completely leaves the surface of part 3, the locking assembly 25 releases the lock on the guide assembly 22 connected to the magnetic suction head 23, while the lifting part 1 continues to drive the fixed base 21 to rise. As the fixed base 21 continues to move upward, the extension stroke of the abutment 24 corresponding to the movable rod 222 is gradually exhausted, and the abutment 24 finally leaves the surface of part 3, and the suction cup component 2 is completely separated from part 3. At this time, part 3 is stably placed on the bearing surface, and there is no unilateral prying or local pulling during the detachment process, which can maintain the original curvature and machining reference of part 3.

[0048] This invention also provides a hoisting method for processing mining machinery parts, implemented using the aforementioned hoisting device for processing mining machinery parts. First, the operator adjusts the position of the fixed base 21 according to the shape of the part 3 and the area to be attracted, aligning the magnetic suction head 23 with a suitable area on the part 3 for attraction, and aligning the abutment joint 24 with the edge or easily deformable area of ​​the part 3. Then, the hoisting unit 1 lowers the fixed base 21, bringing the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment joint 24 into contact with the surface of the part 3. The guide assembly 22 automatically compresses according to the height change of the part 3 surface, and the universal joint 26 ensures that the magnetic suction head 23 and the abutment joint 24 adhere to the surface of the part 3. Afterwards, the locking assembly 25 locks all movable rods 222, the magnetic suction head 23 is energized to attract the part 3, and the hoisting unit 1 raises the fixed base 21, completing the transfer of the part 3.

[0049] After part 3 reaches the target workstation, the lifting unit 1 lowers part 3, placing it on the processing table or support frame. Once part 3 is stably supported, the magnetic suction head 23 is de-energized or demagnetized. Subsequently, the locking assembly 25 first releases the guide assembly 22 corresponding to the abutment 24, while keeping the guide assembly 22 corresponding to the magnetic suction head 23 locked. The lifting unit 1 slowly raises the fixing base 21, and the abutment 24 continues to press down on part 3, causing the magnetic suction head 23 to separate from part 3. After the magnetic suction head 23 is completely disengaged, the locking assembly 25 releases the guide assembly 22 corresponding to the magnetic suction head 23, and the lifting unit 1 continues to rise, causing the abutment 24 to leave the surface of part 3. Through the above steps, part 3 is always held by the abutment 24 first during the detachment process, then the magnetic suction head 23 is disengaged, and finally the abutment 24 is released, preventing residual magnetism in the magnetic suction head 23 from partially lifting part 3.

[0050] In summary, the suction cup component 2 of this invention alternately arranges magnetic suction head 23 and abutment head 24 on the fixed base 21. Magnetic suction head 23 is used to provide lifting suction force, and abutment head 24 is used to maintain pressure on part 3 during the detachment process. Guide component 22 enables magnetic suction head 23 and abutment head 24 to elastically adapt to the surface curvature of part 3, and universal joint 26 enables magnetic suction head 23 and abutment head 24 to automatically align and fit. Locking component 25 locks guide component 22 during lifting, and controls the detachment process according to the logic of releasing abutment head 24 first and then magnetic suction head 23 after lowering, so that when magnetic suction head 23 detaches from part 3, part 3 is still pressed on the bearing position by abutment head 24, thereby reducing the warping deformation of curved plates, thin plates and irregularly shaped mining machinery parts after magnetic suction lifting.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hoisting device for machining parts of mining machinery, comprising a hoisting part (1) and a suction cup part (2) installed below the hoisting part (1), characterized in that: the suction cup part (2) comprises a fixed seat (21), a plurality of guide assemblies (22), a plurality of magnetic suction heads (23), a plurality of abutting heads (24) and a locking assembly (25), the plurality of guide assemblies (22) are installed on the fixed seat (21) along the length direction of the fixed seat (21), the magnetic suction heads (23) and the abutting heads (24) are respectively rotationally arranged at the movable ends of the guide assemblies (22), the movable ends of the guide assemblies (22) are elastically arranged up and down and exert a downward elastic force on the magnetic suction heads (23) and the abutting heads (24), when the fixed seat (21) is lowered, the magnetic suction heads (23) and the abutting heads (24) can respectively adhere to the surface of the part; the magnetic suction heads (23) and the abutting heads (24) are alternately arranged along the length direction of the fixed seat (21), and the abutting heads (24) are located on both sides of the length direction of the fixed seat (21); the locking assembly (25) is installed on the fixed seat (21) and is used for locking and releasing the movable ends of the guide assemblies (22), the locking assembly (25) can release the locking of the guide assemblies (22) connected to the abutting heads (24) after the part is placed, and keep the locking of the guide assemblies (22) connected to the magnetic suction heads (23), so that when the fixed seat (21) moves upward, the abutting heads (24) keep pressing the surface of the part, and the magnetic suction heads (23) are separated from the surface of the part first. the guide assembly (22) comprises a guide sleeve (221), a movable rod (222) and an elastic member (223), the guide sleeve (221) is fixedly installed on the fixed seat (21), the movable rod (222) is slidably arranged in the guide sleeve (221) in the up-down direction, and the elastic member (223) is arranged between the guide sleeve (221) and the movable rod (222), one end of the elastic member (223) is connected with the guide sleeve (221), and the other end of the elastic member (223) is connected with the movable rod (222).

2. The hoisting device for machining parts of mining machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding stroke of the movable rod (222) connected to the abutting head (24) is greater than the sliding stroke of the movable rod (222) connected to the magnetic suction head (23).

3. The hoisting device for machining parts of mining machines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic suction head (23) and the abutting head (24) are connected with the lower end of the corresponding movable rod (222) through a universal joint (26).

4. The hoisting device for machining parts of mining machines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The universal joint (26) is a ball joint, the lower end of the movable rod (222) is provided with a ball head, and the upper end of the magnetic suction head (23) and the abutting head (24) is respectively provided with a ball socket portion rotationally matched with the ball head.

5. The hoisting device for machining parts of mining machines according to claim 4, characterized in that, ​ 6. The hoisting device for mining machinery parts processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side wall of the guide sleeve (221) is provided with a through hole (2211), the locking assembly (25) comprises a first electric telescopic rod (251) and a second electric telescopic rod (252), the movable end of the first electric telescopic rod (251) is provided with a first abutting rod (253), the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod (252) is provided with a second abutting rod (254), the first abutting rod (253) can pass through the through hole (2211) corresponding to the guide sleeve (221) connected with the magnetic suction head (23) and abut against the corresponding movable rod (222), and the second abutting rod (254) can pass through the through hole (2211) corresponding to the guide sleeve (221) connected with the abutting head (24) and abut against the corresponding movable rod (222).

7. The hoisting device for mining machinery parts processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking assembly (25) comprises an electric telescopic rod (255) and first and second elastic push plates (256) and (257) alternately arranged along the length direction of the movable end of the electric telescopic rod (255), the first elastic push plate (256) is used for abutting against the guide assembly (22) connected with the magnetic suction head (23), and the second elastic push plate (257) is used for abutting against the guide assembly (22) connected with the abutting head (24).

8. The hoisting device for machining parts of mining machines according to claim 7, characterized in that, The movable end of the electric telescopic rod (255) is provided with a mounting groove (2551), the first and second elastic push plates (256) and (257) are slidably arranged in the mounting groove (2551), a first compression spring (258) is arranged between the first elastic push plate (256) and the mounting groove (2551), a second compression spring (259) is arranged between the second elastic push plate (257) and the mounting groove (2551), and the pre-compression amount of the second compression spring (259) is smaller than that of the first compression spring (258).

9. The hoisting device for mining machinery parts processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the abutting head (24) is provided with an elastic pad (241), the lower end surface of the elastic pad (241) is an arc surface or a flexible plane, and the lower end surface of the magnetic suction head (23) is provided as a suction surface matched with the surface of the part.

10. A hoisting method for machining a part of a mining machine, characterized in that, The mining machinery part lifting device comprises the following steps: Step one, moving the lifting part (1) to above the part to be lifted; Step two, lowering the fixed seat (21), and the magnetic suction head (23) and the abutting head (24) are respectively matched with the surface of the part under the elastic sliding action and the rotating adjustment action of the corresponding guide assembly (22); Step three, locking the movable end of each guide assembly (22) by the locking assembly (25), and making the magnetic suction head (23) adsorb the part; Step four, lifting and transferring the part by the lifting part (1); Step five, after the part is placed on the machining table or the bearing position, the adsorption of the magnetic suction head (23) is released; Step six, the locking assembly (25) first releases the locking of the guide assembly (22) connected with the abutting head (24), and keeps the guide assembly (22) connected with the magnetic suction head (23) in the locked state, the fixed seat (21) is moved upward by the lifting part (1), the abutting head (24) continues to abut against the surface of the part, and the magnetic suction head (23) is first separated from the surface of the part. Step seven, after the magnetic head (23) and the parts are separated, the locking assembly (25) releases the locking of the guide assembly (22) of the magnetic head (23), the lifting part (1) continues to move upwards, and the abutting head (24) is separated from the surface of the part.

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