Water body improvement device, treatment device, and method for improving severe saline-alkali land

Abstract

The application discloses a water body improvement device, a treatment device and a method for improving severe saline-alkali soil, and relates to the technical field of water body improvement. The water body improvement device comprises a water pool, an evaporation body, a conveying assembly and an evaporation cavity. The water pool is used for containing water bodies to be improved. The evaporation body is used for attaching to the water bodies to be improved and making the water bodies to be improved form water films. The conveying assembly is used for conveying the water bodies to be improved to the evaporation body. The evaporation body is arranged in the evaporation cavity. The wall surface of at least one side of the evaporation cavity is transparent, so that sunlight can irradiate the water films on the evaporation body in the evaporation cavity and make the water films vaporize. A steam outlet is arranged on the evaporation cavity. The water body treatment device comprises the above-mentioned water body improvement device and a condensing device. The method for improving severe saline-alkali soil comprises erecting the above-mentioned water body treatment device. Liquid generated by condensation is supplied to plant root systems. The application can reduce the use cost and meet the demand of large-scale brackish water desalination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water body improvement technology, and in particular to a water body improvement device, a treatment device, and a method for improving severely saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] Southern Xinjiang is a typical extremely arid desert region with extremely scarce freshwater resources. Surface and groundwater resources are mainly high-salinity brackish water. In conventional techniques, the high salt content of brackish water exacerbates secondary soil salinization when directly irrigated, making it unsuitable for saline-alkali land improvement, vegetation planting, and desert oasis creation. Therefore, it is necessary to desalinate the brackish water.

[0003] Existing brackish water desalination systems typically connect as follows: a brackish water tank, a pretreatment unit, a reverse osmosis (RO) unit, and a product water tank. The pretreatment unit consists of a coarse filtration module, an adsorption module, and a fine filtration module connected in series. The coarse filtration module connects to the outlet of the brackish water tank, and the fine filtration module connects to the inlet of the RO unit. The RO unit contains three RO membrane modules, namely the first, second, and third RO membrane modules connected in series. The outlet of the fine filtration module connects to the inlet of the first RO membrane module, and the outlet of the third RO membrane module connects to the inlet of the product water tank. Furthermore, one outlet of the second RO membrane module is led to the inlet of a water softening unit, and the outlet of the water softening unit is then connected to one inlet of the third RO membrane module. This design suffers from high operating costs in practice and is insufficient to meet the demands of large-scale brackish water desalination. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water improvement device, a treatment device, and a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the cost of use, and meet the needs of large-scale brackish water desalination.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a water body improvement device, including a water tank, an evaporator, a conveying assembly, and an evaporation chamber; the water tank is used to contain the water to be improved; the evaporator is used to attach the water to be improved and form a water film; the conveying assembly is used to convey the water to be improved onto the evaporator; the evaporator is disposed in the evaporation chamber, and at least one side of the evaporation chamber is made transparent so that sunlight can irradiate the water film on the evaporator and cause it to vaporize; the evaporation chamber is provided with a steam outlet.

[0006] In one embodiment, the evaporator is an evaporation curtain, which is configured with a honeycomb structure; the evaporation curtain has multiple layers, all of which are vertically arranged above the water pool, and all of which are arranged in parallel.

[0007] In one embodiment, the system further includes a containment hood, the opening edge of which is sealed to the opening edge of the pool or the supporting surface around the pool, so that the inner wall of the containment hood and the side wall of the pool or the supporting surface together form the evaporation chamber, and the steam outlet is provided on the containment hood.

[0008] The present invention also includes a water treatment device, comprising the above-mentioned water improvement device and a condensation device, wherein the condensation device is connected to a steam outlet; the condensation device is used to condense steam into liquid water.

[0009] In one embodiment, the condensation device is used to supply the liquid generated by condensation to the plant roots.

[0010] In one embodiment, the condensation device includes a diversion channel and a ventilation channel. The diversion channel is buried in the surface soil layer and communicates with the steam outlet. The diversion channel can also condense the introduced steam into liquid water. The diversion channel is in fluid communication with the surface soil layer to guide the liquid water in the diversion channel into the surface soil layer. The two ends of the ventilation channel are used to connect the diversion channel and the atmosphere.

[0011] In one embodiment, the condensation device further includes a salt-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer, which is located between the drainage channel and the original soil layer to prevent underground salt and alkali from returning upwards.

[0012] In one embodiment, the condensation device includes a collection tank connected to the steam outlet, and the wall of the collection tank consists of a concrete layer and a waterproof layer from the inside out.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, which involves constructing the aforementioned water treatment device and supplying the condensed liquid to the plant roots.

[0014] In one embodiment, the steps of constructing the above-mentioned water treatment device specifically include: constructing a water improvement device and constructing a condensation device. The water body improvement device includes: vertically setting several evaporation curtains above a water tank, with multiple layers of evaporation curtains arranged in parallel; covering the water tank with a containment cover, the opening edge of the containment cover being sealed to the opening edge of the water tank or the bearing surface around the water tank to form a containment cavity, with the evaporation curtains located inside the containment cavity; placing a conveying component inside the containment cavity, with the inlet of the conveying component connected to the water tank and the outlet of the conveying component facing the evaporation curtains; and opening a steam outlet on the containment cover. The construction of the condensation device includes: setting a saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer above the original soil layer; pre-burying the diversion channel below the surface soil layer to be irrigated and above the saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer, connecting the diversion channel to the steam outlet, and pre-burying a ventilation channel so that both ends of the ventilation channel are connected to the diversion channel and the atmosphere.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention sets up a water tank and several evaporators inside an evaporation chamber. The water to be improved is placed in the water tank, and a conveying component is used to transport the water to be improved to the evaporators. The size of the water tank can also be adjusted as needed. The evaporators can be set up on a large scale. Solar energy can pass through the evaporation chamber and vaporize the water to be improved in the water tank and the water film on the evaporators. The raw material cost is low, and large-scale evaporation of the water to be improved can be achieved at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the water improvement device in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the water treatment device in Example 2; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the water treatment device in Example 2; In the diagram: 1. Riser; 2. Surface soil layer; 3. Geotextile; 4. Containment cover; 5. Water tank; 6. Salt-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer; 7. Original soil layer; 8. Drainage board; 9. Evaporation curtain; 10. Concrete layer; 11. Waterproof layer; 12. Thermal insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water improvement device, a treatment device, and a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the cost of use, and meet the needs of large-scale brackish water desalination.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a water body improvement device, including a water tank 5, an evaporator, a conveying assembly, and an evaporation chamber; the water tank 5 is used to contain the water body to be improved; the evaporator is used to attach the water body to be improved and form a water film; the conveying assembly is used to convey the water body to be improved to the evaporator; the evaporator is disposed in the evaporation chamber, and at least one side of the evaporation chamber wall is made transparent so that sunlight can shine on the water film on the evaporator inside and cause it to vaporize, and the evaporation chamber is provided with a steam outlet.

[0022] A water tank 5 and several evaporators are placed inside an evaporation chamber. The water to be improved is placed in the water tank 5, and the water to be improved is transported to the evaporators using a conveying assembly. The size of the water tank 5 can be adjusted as needed. The evaporators can be set up on a large scale. Solar energy can pass through the evaporation chamber and vaporize the water to be improved in the water tank 5 and the water film on the evaporators. The raw material cost is low, and large-scale evaporation of the water to be improved can be achieved at the same time.

[0023] In this embodiment, the water to be improved is brackish water. The conveying assembly consists of a conveying pipe, a conveying pump, and a conveying head. The inlet of the conveying pump is connected to the steam outlet, and the outlet of the conveying pump is connected to one end of the conveying pipe. The other end of the conveying pipe is sprayed with evaporator through the conveying pump.

[0024] In one embodiment, the evaporator is an evaporation curtain 9, which is configured with a honeycomb structure. The evaporation curtain 9 has multiple layers, all of which are vertically arranged above the water tank 5, and all of which are arranged in parallel.

[0025] The evaporation curtain 9 adopts a honeycomb three-dimensional structure, which greatly expands the effective evaporation contact surface area per unit area. The honeycomb pores form uniform and continuous airflow channels, allowing air to penetrate the interior of the curtain. The water film and the flowing air fully convect and exchange heat, weakening the boundary layer water vapor saturation and hindrance effect, and enhancing the water vapor separation evaporation rate. The evaporation steam generation efficiency is significantly improved under the same floor area. The multi-layer evaporation curtains are uniformly and vertically erected above the water tank. The vertical arrangement does not occupy additional water space in the water tank, making full use of the vertical three-dimensional space above the water tank, resulting in high equipment site utilization. Each layer of the curtain is independent and parallel to each other, forming a regular ventilation interlayer between the layers. Each layer can independently complete the water distribution, evaporation, and water vapor precipitation process. The evaporation conditions between layers do not interfere with each other, and the evaporation performance between single layers is stable and controllable.

[0026] A single-layer evaporation curtain of 2000㎡ can produce 10 tons of pure water vapor per day. With 20 to 100 layers stacked, it can achieve a scale of 200 to 1000 tons of water per day, meeting the needs of large-area water body improvement. The number of curtain layers can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the area of ​​the water body to be improved, the pollution load, and the water volume control requirements. It has strong adaptability and can be matched with small-area local water bodies as well as large-area whole-area water body improvement scenarios. The equipment expansion does not require modification of the main civil engineering of the water tank, and the modular assembly construction is convenient.

[0027] In one embodiment, the system further includes a containment hood 4, the opening edge of which is sealed to the opening edge of the water tank 5 or the bearing surface around the water tank 5, so that the inner wall of the containment hood 4 and the side wall or bearing surface of the water tank 5 together form an evaporation chamber, and a steam outlet is provided on the containment hood 4.

[0028] The containment cover 4 is used to enclose the evaporation chamber with the water tank 5 or the surrounding supporting surface. Solar energy passing through the containment cover 4 can irradiate the water film on the evaporation curtain 9 inside the evaporation chamber, causing it to vaporize and form steam. The containment cover is sealed to the water tank to form a closed evaporation chamber, preventing the leakage of water vapor and heat from the chamber, stabilizing the temperature and humidity environment inside the chamber, avoiding the loss of solar heat energy, and improving the efficiency of light energy utilization. The steam generated by evaporation is sealed inside the chamber and can only be directed out from the steam outlet, avoiding water vapor loss and facilitating unified condensation and recovery of clean fresh water, ensuring large-scale continuous water production capacity.

[0029] The containment cover 4 can be a light-transmitting evaporation greenhouse, with at least one wall of the greenhouse being transparent, resulting in lower operating costs. The containment cover utilizes a light-transmitting greenhouse structure, allowing sunlight to penetrate the cover and directly illuminate the water film on the surface of the evaporation curtain. Solar energy provides the heat required for vaporization, eliminating the need for additional heating equipment and significantly reducing the overall energy consumption of the water improvement system. By making only one wall of the greenhouse transparent, the amount of light-transmitting material used is significantly reduced compared to a fully transparent enclosure structure, resulting in lower equipment construction costs, a simpler and easier-to-build structure, and suitability for in-situ improvement of large-area outdoor water tanks.

[0030] Example 2 like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a water treatment device, including the above-mentioned water improvement device and a condensation device, wherein the condensation device is connected to a steam outlet; the condensation device is used to condense steam into liquid water.

[0031] The condenser is used to condense steam into liquid water for easier subsequent processing.

[0032] In one embodiment, the condensation device is used to supply the liquid generated by condensation to the plant roots.

[0033] Continuously supplying fresh water to the vegetation gradually leaches and improves soil salinity, achieving vegetation coverage and desert oasis transformation in severely saline-alkali areas.

[0034] In one embodiment, the condensation device includes a diversion channel and a ventilation channel. The diversion channel is buried in the surface soil layer 2 and is connected to the steam outlet, preferably directly. The diversion channel can also condense the introduced steam into liquid water. The diversion channel is in fluid communication with the surface soil layer 2 to introduce the liquid water in the diversion channel into the surface soil layer 2. The two ends of the ventilation channel are used to connect the diversion channel and the atmosphere.

[0035] The diversion channel is buried in the surface soil layer 2, which allows pure water vapor to be transported and condensed underground throughout the entire process, without any loss due to surface evaporation. Furthermore, the two ends of the ventilation channel are used to connect the diversion channel and the atmosphere. By utilizing the pressure difference between the surface and underground locations and the negative pressure effect formed by strong regional winds, the pure water vapor is driven to flow directionally along the inside of the permeable steam pipe, realizing the recycling of natural energy and resulting in significant ecological and economic benefits.

[0036] The drainage channel is formed between the drainage plate 8 and the geotextile 3. Specifically, a layer of geotextile 3 is covered on the drainage plate 8. The drainage channel formed in the middle is connected to the steam outlet. The geotextile 3 can transfer the condensed liquid water to the surface soil layer 2. The ventilation channel is set as a riser 1. One end of the riser 1 is connected to the drainage channel, and the other end is connected to the atmosphere to form a negative pressure effect.

[0037] The drainage board 8, together with the geotextile 3, forms a composite drainage channel. The drainage board 8 and the geotextile 3 together enclose the drainage channel, which connects to the steam outlet, allowing for rapid removal of steam from the cavity. The geotextile 3 possesses water-permeable and soil-resistant properties, allowing liquid purified water to pass through while preventing soil sediment from clogging the channel, ensuring long-term unobstructed drainage and air conduction. The geotextile 3 guides water back into the soil layer, assisting in water body improvement. Condensed purified water is evenly infiltrated into the surface soil layer through the geotextile, continuously replenishing soil moisture, simultaneously diluting soil salinity, and working in conjunction with the water tank evaporation system to achieve integrated water and soil improvement.

[0038] One end of riser 1 is connected to the drainage channel, and the other end is open to the atmosphere. Utilizing the air pressure difference to create negative pressure, it actively draws water vapor from inside the evaporation chamber, accelerating the flow of steam from the chamber to the outlet and improving the overall evaporation and water production rate. The negative pressure environment reduces the water vapor saturation inside the chamber, further enhancing the evaporation efficiency of the evaporation curtain. Liquid condensate infiltrates along geotextile 3, while steam is discharged through the riser under negative pressure along the channel. The two channels for water and steam operate independently, preventing water accumulation from obstructing steam flow and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0039] In one embodiment, the condensation device further includes a salt-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer 6, which is located between the drainage channel and the original soil layer to prevent underground salt and alkali from returning upwards.

[0040] A saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer 6 is laid below the drainage channel to prevent the backflow of underground saline-alkali and the deep seepage of fresh water in both directions. On the one hand, it blocks the backflow of saline-alkali from the original soil layer 7 to the planting soil layer; on the other hand, it prevents the condensed liquid fresh water from seeping into the deep soil layer, so that all water resources are retained in the plant root layer.

[0041] The saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer 6 is a new soil layer made of a mixture of diagenetic agent and original soil. This soil layer is used to cover the original soil layer 7 and has the properties of being breathable but impermeable to water.

[0042] In one embodiment, the condensation device includes a collection tank connected to a steam outlet, and the walls of the collection tank are, from the inside out, a concrete layer 10 and a waterproof layer 11.

[0043] The concrete layer 10 provides structural strength, while the waterproof layer 11 forms a dense barrier. Together, they effectively prevent condensation leakage. Some designs add an insulation layer 12 on top of the concrete layer 10 and the waterproof layer 11. This composite structure effectively maintains water temperature, reduces heat loss, and improves the overall system energy efficiency.

[0044] In this embodiment, the condensation device has two condensation modes for pure water steam. One channel is sent to a collection tank for condensation and storage; the other channel, driven by strong winds and negative pressure created by the difference in air pressure between high and low altitudes, enters an underground permeable steam pipe, where it condenses into liquid fresh water in the low-temperature underground environment to supply plant roots. These two condensation modes can be used separately or in combination, improving the efficiency of steam treatment and providing different treatment options.

[0045] Example 3 This embodiment also provides a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, which involves constructing the aforementioned water treatment device and supplying the condensed liquid to the plant roots.

[0046] Supplying liquid water to plant roots can achieve large-scale ecological improvement of severely saline-alkali land and desert Gobi, and build desert oases.

[0047] In one embodiment, the steps of constructing the above-mentioned water treatment device specifically include: constructing a water improvement device and constructing a condensation device. The water body improvement device includes: vertically setting several evaporation curtains 9 above the water tank 5, with multiple layers of evaporation curtains 9 arranged in parallel; covering the water tank 5 with a receiving cover 4, the opening edge of the receiving cover 4 being sealed to the opening edge of the water tank 5 or the bearing surface around the water tank 5 to form a receiving cavity, with the evaporation curtains 9 located inside the receiving cavity; setting a conveying component inside the receiving cavity, with the inlet of the conveying component connected to the water tank 5 and the outlet of the conveying component facing the evaporation curtains 9; and opening a steam outlet on the receiving cover 4. The construction of the condensation device includes: specifically, excavating 80cm above the original soil layer, setting the saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer 6 above the original soil layer 7; pre-burying the diversion channel above the saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer 6, adding a loosening agent to the excavated original soil layer to form the surface soil layer 2 to be irrigated, filling it above the saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer 6, connecting the diversion channel to the steam outlet, and pre-burying the ventilation channel so that both ends of the ventilation channel connect the diversion channel and the atmosphere.

[0048] This invention fully utilizes the extreme climate characteristics of strong sunlight and high winds in southern Xinjiang, transforming them into a continuous power source for evaporation and negative pressure steam conduction. The system operates without external energy input, achieving in-situ water resource enhancement and saline-alkali land ecological restoration with zero carbon emissions, while also possessing significant carbon sink benefits and freshwater resource gains. Furthermore, this technical solution has broad substrate adaptability and geographical universality, allowing for modular deployment in severely saline-alkali lands, deserts, Gobi deserts, and desertified lands. It effectively solves the engineering challenges of energy scarcity and water shortage in ecological reconstruction in extremely arid areas, providing a replicable and scalable complete solution for arid and semi-arid regions.

[0049] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A water body improvement device, characterized in that: include: A pool, used to contain water bodies that need improvement; Evaporator, used to adhere to the water body to be improved and form a water film on the water body; A conveying assembly for conveying the water to be improved onto the evaporator; An evaporation chamber is provided, wherein the evaporator is disposed inside the evaporation chamber, and at least one wall of the evaporation chamber is made transparent so that sunlight can shine on the water film on the evaporator inside and cause it to vaporize. The evaporation chamber is provided with a steam outlet.

2. The water body improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporator is an evaporation curtain, which is configured with a honeycomb structure. The evaporation curtain has multiple layers, all of which are vertically arranged above the water tank, and all of which are arranged in parallel.

3. The water body improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a containment cover, the opening edge of which is sealed to the opening edge of the water tank or the supporting surface around the water tank, so that the inner wall of the containment cover and the side wall of the water tank or the supporting surface together form the evaporation chamber, and the steam outlet is opened on the containment cover.

4. A water treatment device, characterized in that: Includes the water improvement device as described in any one of claims 1-3; And a condensing device, which is connected to a steam outlet; The condensing device is used to condense steam into liquid water.

5. The water treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The condensation device is used to supply the liquid generated by condensation to the plant roots.

6. The water treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The condensation device includes: A diversion channel, buried in the surface soil layer and connected to the steam outlet; the diversion channel is also capable of condensing the introduced steam into liquid water; the diversion channel is in fluid communication with the surface soil layer to guide the liquid water in the diversion channel into the surface soil layer; and A ventilation channel, the two ends of which are used to connect the drainage channel and the atmosphere.

7. The water treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The condensation device also includes a salt-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer, which is located between the diversion channel and the original soil layer to prevent underground salt and alkali from returning upwards.

8. The water treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The condensation device includes a collection tank, which is connected to the steam outlet. The wall of the collection tank consists of a concrete layer and a waterproof layer from the inside out.

9. A method for improving severely saline-alkali land, characterized in that: Construct the water treatment device according to any one of claims 5 to 7; The condensed liquid is supplied to the plant roots.

10. The method for improving severely saline-alkali land according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps for constructing the water treatment device according to any one of claims 5 to 7 specifically include: Construct water body improvement equipment and condensation equipment; The construction of water body improvement equipment includes: Several evaporation curtains are vertically set above the water tank, and multiple layers of steam curtains are arranged in parallel. An enclosure is installed above the water tank, and the opening edge of the enclosure is sealed to the opening edge of the water tank or the bearing surface around the water tank to form an enclosure cavity, and the evaporation curtain is located inside the enclosure cavity. The conveying component is placed inside the receiving cavity, and the inlet of the conveying component is connected to the water tank, while the outlet of the conveying component faces the evaporation curtain. A steam outlet shall be opened on the enclosure; The construction of the condensation unit includes: A saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer is placed on top of the original soil layer; The diversion channel is pre-buried below the surface soil layer to be irrigated and above the saline-alkali isolation and water-retaining layer. The diversion channel is connected to the steam outlet, and a ventilation channel is pre-buried so that both ends of the ventilation channel are connected to the diversion channel and the atmosphere.

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