Apparatus and method for preparing hair crimped fibers

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of chemical fiber preparation, and particularly relates to a hair-use crimped fiber preparation device and method, which realizes efficient and low-cost crimping deformation of hair-use fiber, and comprises a yarn feeder, a first yarn guide is arranged on the right side of the yarn feeder, a first drawing roller and a second drawing roller are sequentially arranged on the right side of the first yarn guide, a second yarn guide is arranged on the right side of the second drawing roller, a cooling roller and a heating bath are sequentially arranged on the right side of the second yarn guide, a drying box is arranged on the right side of the heating bath, and a cutting machine is arranged on the right side of the drying box; after passing through the device, the double-component fiber can realize controllable crimping deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of chemical fiber preparation, and specifically refers to an apparatus and method for preparing hair curled fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most wigs are made using relatively inexpensive chemical fibers, such as PET, PVC, and nylon fibers. Chemical fibers, after being formed by melt spinning / solution spinning, are conventional straight filaments. Wigs made from these filaments cannot meet individual preferences for curly hair or commercial needs for curls. Most curly hair products are made from straight chemical fiber filaments that have been permed / curled by machine. This curliness is imposed on the fiber after it has been formed, rather than being generated by the fiber's internal structure. Such curliness easily loses elasticity and curl under external force, resulting in poor shape retention. Furthermore, the diameter of chemical fibers used in hair should be similar to that of human hair, i.e., between 50-120 μm. When using melt spinning, the spinning speed is relatively low to meet the requirements for fiber diameter. The resulting nascent fibers are then stretched to obtain the necessary strength before being curled using curling equipment. During this process, the fibers acquire additional internal stress during stretching and setting, which is detrimental to the stability of subsequent curling. Moreover, the use of specialized curling equipment increases production costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a dedicated equipment for processing hair curling fibers to achieve efficient and low-cost curling. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention proposes a device and method for preparing hair-use crimped fibers. By designing a continuous processing device for hot stretching and hot crimping deformation, the problem of internal stress elimination and difficulty in crimping deformation during the stretching and strengthening process of hair-use chemical fibers is solved, and efficient processing of fiber reinforcement and crimping deformation is achieved.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A device for preparing hair-friendly crimped fibers includes a fiber feeder, a first fiber guide on the right side of the fiber feeder, a first drawing roller and a second drawing roller on the right side of the first fiber guide, a second fiber guide on the right side of the second drawing roller, a cooling roller and a heating bath on the right side of the second fiber guide, a drying chamber on the right side of the heating bath, and a cutting machine on the right side of the drying chamber.

[0005] The first and second drafting rollers are placed inside a heating chamber at a temperature of T. g -10-T g +20℃, the heating medium is dry hot air or nitrogen, where T g It has a relatively high glass transition temperature in the fiber composition; the speed ratio of the first drafting roll and the second drafting roll is 0.3-0.9, corresponding to a drafting ratio of 1.1-3.3.

[0006] The drying oven is equipped with a relaxation and setting machine, and the temperature of the drying oven is 80-110℃.

[0007] The temperature of the cooling roller is 10-25℃, and the temperature of the heating bath is T. g +10-T g The heating medium in the heating bath at +40℃ is a solvent containing hydroxyl groups, such as water, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or glycerin.

[0008] The method for achieving hair fiber crimping using the aforementioned equipment comprises the following steps: the fiber filament bundle is drawn out from the spinneret through the first guide and then enters the first and second drawing rollers inside the heating chamber. After drawing, it enters the cooling roller through the second guide for cooling, then enters the heating bath for crimping and deformation, then enters the drying chamber for relaxation, shaping and drying, and finally is cut by the cutting machine to obtain crimped hair fiber.

[0009] The fiber precursor fiber bundle is a bicomponent fiber, wherein the glass transition temperature difference between component A and component B is 2-30℃ or either component is an amorphous polymer, and the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:9-9:1. The bicomponent fiber can be prepared by bicomponent spinning technology or blend spinning technology.

[0010] The time from the fiber filament bundle to the cutter is controlled at 50-180s, the heating and curling time is 10-30s, the cutting length is 30-1000mm, and the fiber crimp rate is 10-55%.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The equipment of this application can continuously achieve fiber stretching and heating crimping deformation, and has the advantages of high efficiency, convenience and low cost, making it very suitable for the large-scale preparation of hair crimped fibers.

[0012] This technical solution reduces fiber crystallinity and eliminates internal stress through cold treatment after stretching and setting. Furthermore, by controlling the heating deformation temperature and time, the degree of fiber crimping deformation and crimp density can be regulated, resulting in a rich variety of crimped shapes for hair fibers and high product added value. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the crimped fiber preparation apparatus used in this application.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the effect of fiber crimping in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a hair curling fiber preparation device, including a fiber feeder 1, a first fiber guide 2 on the right side of the fiber feeder, a first drawing roller 3 and a second drawing roller 4 on the right side of the first fiber guide, a second fiber guide 5 on the right side of the second drawing roller, a cooling roller 6 and a heating bath 7 on the right side of the second fiber guide, a drying box 8 on the right side of the heating bath, and a cutting machine 9 on the right side of the drying box 8.

[0018] The first drafting roller 3 and the second drafting roller 4 are placed inside a heating chamber at a temperature of T. g -10-T g +20℃, the heating medium is dry hot air or nitrogen, where T g The glass transition temperature is relatively high in the fiber composition; the speed ratio of the first drafting roller 3 and the second drafting roller 4 is 0.3-0.9, corresponding to a drafting ratio of 1.1-3.3.

[0019] The drying oven 8 is equipped with a relaxation and setting machine, and the temperature of the drying oven is 80-110℃.

[0020] The temperature of the cooling roller 6 is 10-25℃, and the temperature of the heating bath 7 is T. g +10-T g The heating medium in the heating bath 7 at +40℃ is a solvent containing hydroxyl groups, such as water, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or glycerin.

[0021] The method for achieving hair fiber crimping using the aforementioned equipment comprises the following steps: the fiber filament bundle is drawn out from the spinneret 1 through the first guide 2 and then enters the first drawing roller 3 and the second drawing roller 4 inside the heating chamber. After drawing, it enters the cooling roller 6 through the second guide 5 for cooling, then enters the heating bath 7 for crimping and deformation, then enters the drying chamber 8 for relaxation, shaping and drying, and finally is cut by the cutting machine 9 to obtain crimped hair fiber.

[0022] The fiber precursor fiber bundle is a bicomponent fiber, wherein the glass transition temperature difference between component A and component B is 2-30℃, and the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:9-9:1. The bicomponent fiber can be prepared by bicomponent spinning technology or blend spinning technology.

[0023] The time from the fiber filament bundle to the cutting machine 9 is controlled to be 30-120s, the cutting length is 30-1000mm, and the fiber crimp rate is 8-35%.

[0024] Table 1 shows the physical properties of the crimped fibers in the examples. project Fiber composition and proportion <![CDATA[T g / ℃]]> Curl rate % Remark Example 1 PET / PBT 5:5 76 47.3 Bicomponent spinning Example 2 PET / PBT 7:3 76 18.9 Blend spinning Example 3 PET / PETG 3:7 76 24.1 Blended spinning; PETG is an amorphous polymer. Example 4 PET / PTT 6:4 76 31.7 Bicomponent spinning Example 5 PET / PE 8:2 76 39.5 Bicomponent spinning Example 6 PET / PETG 9:1 76 10.4 Bicomponent spinning T g This refers to polymers with a high glass transition temperature. Example 1

[0025] The PET / PBT (5:5 mass ratio) bicomponent fiber filament bundle is drawn from the spinneret through the first guide and then enters the first and second drawing rollers in a heating chamber filled with dry hot air. The chamber temperature is 105℃ and the draw ratio is 1.5. After passing through the second guide, it enters the cooling roller for cooling at 15℃. Then it enters the water bath (temperature set at 95℃) for crimping and deformation for 10 seconds. After that, it enters the 100℃ drying oven for relaxation, shaping and drying. Finally, it is cut into fiber strips with a length of 600mm by a cutting machine to obtain crimped hair fiber. Example 2

[0026] The PET / PBT (7:3 mass ratio) bicomponent blended fiber tow is drawn from the spinneret through the first guide and then enters the first and second drawing rollers in a heating chamber filled with dry hot nitrogen. The chamber temperature is 105℃ and the draw ratio is 1.9. After passing through the second guide, it enters the cooling roller for cooling at 10℃. Then it enters a diethylene glycol bath (temperature set at 110℃) for crimping and deformation for 20 seconds. After that, it enters a 110℃ drying oven for relaxation, shaping and drying. Finally, it is cut into fiber strips with a length of 300mm by a cutting machine to obtain crimped hair fiber. Example 3

[0027] The PET / PETG (mass ratio 3:7) bicomponent blended fiber tow is drawn from the spinneret through the first guide and then enters the first and second drawing rollers in a heating chamber filled with dry hot nitrogen. The chamber temperature is 87℃ and the draw ratio is 1.1. After passing through the second guide, it enters the cooling roller for cooling at 25℃. Then it enters the glycerin bath (temperature set at 100℃) for crimping and deformation for 30 seconds. After that, it enters the drying oven at 80℃ for relaxation, shaping and drying. Finally, it is cut into fiber strips with a length of 100mm by a cutting machine to obtain crimped hair fiber. Example 4

[0028] The PET / PTT (mass ratio 6:4) bicomponent fiber filament bundle is drawn from the spinneret through the first guide and then enters the first and second drawing rollers in a heated chamber filled with dry hot air. The chamber temperature is 92℃ and the draw ratio is 2.9. After passing through the second guide, it enters the cooling roller for cooling at 15℃. Then it enters the water bath (temperature set at 98℃) for crimping and deformation for 15 seconds. After that, it enters the drying oven at 110℃ for relaxation, shaping and drying. Finally, it is cut into fiber strips with a length of 500mm by a cutting machine to obtain crimped hair fiber. Example 5

[0029] The PET / PE (mass ratio 8:2) bicomponent fiber filament bundles are drawn from the spinneret through the first guide and then enter the first and second drawing rollers in a heating chamber filled with dry hot nitrogen. The chamber temperature is 78℃ and the draw ratio is 1.3. After passing through the second guide, they enter the cooling roller for cooling at 25℃. Then, they enter the ethylene glycol bath (temperature set at 86℃) for crimping and deformation for 10 seconds. After that, they enter the drying oven at 80℃ for relaxation, shaping and drying. Finally, they are cut into fiber strips with a length of 200mm by a cutting machine to obtain crimped hair fibers. Example 6

[0030] The PET / PETG (9:1 mass ratio) bicomponent fiber bundles are drawn from the spinneret through the first guide and then enter the first and second drawing rollers in a heated chamber filled with dry hot air. The chamber temperature is 125℃ and the draw ratio is 3.3. After passing through the second guide, they enter the cooling roller for cooling at 10℃. Then, they enter the glycerin bath (temperature set at 120℃) for crimping and deformation for 10 seconds. After that, they enter the drying oven at 110℃ for relaxation, shaping and drying. Finally, they are cut into fiber strips of 800mm in length by a cutting machine to obtain crimped hair fibers.

Claims

1. A device for preparing hair curled fibers, characterized in that: The device includes a wire feeder (1), a first wire guide (2) on the right side of the wire feeder (1), a first drawing roller (3) and a second drawing roller (4) on the right side of the first wire guide (2), a second wire guide (5) on the right side of the second drawing roller (4), a cooling roller (6) and a heating bath (7) on the right side of the second wire guide (5), a drying box (8) on the right side of the heating bath (7), and a cutting machine (9) on the right side of the drying box (8).

2. The hair curled fiber preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drafting roller (3) and the second drafting roller (4) are placed in a heating box with a temperature of Tg-Tg+50℃ and a heating medium of dry hot air or nitrogen, where Tg is the higher glass transition temperature in the fiber component; the speed ratio of the first drafting roller (3) and the second drafting roller (4) is 0.3-0.9, corresponding to a drafting ratio of 1.1-3.

3.

3. The hair curling fiber preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying oven (8) is equipped with a relaxation and setting machine, and the temperature of the drying oven (8) is 80-110℃.

4. The hair curled fiber preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the cooling roller (6) is 10-25℃, the temperature of the heating bath (7) is Tg+10-Tg+40℃, and the heating medium in the heating bath (7) is a solvent containing hydroxyl groups, which is water, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or glycerol.

5. The method for preparing hair-use crimped fibers according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: The fiber filament bundle is drawn out from the spinneret (1) through the first guide (2) and then enters the first drawing roller (3) and the second drawing roller (4) inside the heating box. After drawing, it enters the cooling roller (6) through the second guide (5) for cooling, and then enters the heating bath (7) for curling and deformation. After that, it enters the drying box (8) for relaxation, shaping and drying. Finally, it is cut by the cutting machine (9) to obtain the curled hair fiber.

6. The method for preparing hair-use crimped fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fiber precursor fiber bundle is a bicomponent fiber, wherein the glass transition temperature difference between component A and component B is 2-30℃ or either component is an amorphous polymer, and the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:9-9:

1. The bicomponent fiber can be prepared by bicomponent spinning technology or blend spinning technology.

7. The method for preparing hair-use crimped fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The time from the fiber filament bundle to the cutter (9) is controlled at 50-180s, the heating and curling time is 10-30s, the cutting length is 30-1000mm, and the fiber curling rate is 10-55%.

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