One-trip wireless gyro directional high-efficiency deviated windowing system and windowing sidetracking method

Abstract

The application discloses a one-trip wireless gyro directional efficient inclined windowing system and a windowing side drilling method, relates to the side drilling technology of oil drilling, and comprises a control valve, a windowing milling cone and a deflector which are sequentially connected. The milling cone is connected with the deflector through a shear pin, and a central passage of the milling cone is communicated with a hydraulic cavity of the deflector through a pressure transmission pipe. A stroke reversing assembly and a one-way backstop mechanism driven by the number of starting and stopping times of a mud pump are arranged in the control valve. When the mud pump is started, the assembly is stepwise moved, so that the liquid outlet is switched between a circulating channel and a pressure holding channel. Direction or windowing is performed when the circulating channel is communicated, and mud is introduced into the hydraulic cavity through the pressure transmission pipe to push the seat seal when the pressure holding channel is communicated. The application realizes the whole process operation of direction, seat seal and windowing through a pure mechanical hydraulic logic, the structure is reliable, the operation is accurate, and the drilling cost and period are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield drilling technology, specifically to a one-pass wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency inclined windowing system and a windowing side-drilling method. Background Technology

[0002] In the later stages of oil and gas field development, sidetracking with open windows in the casing of old wells is a key technology for improving recovery rates and revitalizing remaining oil and gas resources. By directionally opening windows in the sidewall of the production casing and drilling new wells laterally, depleted formations can be effectively avoided and undeveloped reservoirs can be utilized. Compared with new drilling, the construction cost is lower and the construction period is shorter. Currently, the sidetracking process with open windows usually requires multiple trips and trips, which is a complicated procedure.

[0003] The operator must first lower the guide vane, use a gyroscope for orientation, perform hydraulic sealing, and then pull the drill string back up to change the milling tapered tool and go down into the well for window opening operations. The whole process not only consumes a lot of time for pulling in and out of the drill string, but also has many complex downhole conditions, resulting in low operating efficiency and high costs.

[0004] In addition, most existing downhole control tools rely on complex electronic components for control or simple pressure control, lacking a structure that can reliably and simply switch downhole mechanical logic by the number of times the surface pump is turned on and off, so as to complete the entire process of orientation, setting, and window opening in one drilling run. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a one-trip wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency inclined window opening system and a window opening side-drilling method. By controlling the number of times the mud pump is started and stopped on the ground, all operations such as directional measurement, hydraulic sealing and side-drilling window opening can be completed in sequence, truly realizing the completion of the entire process in "one trip". This significantly reduces the number of trips, greatly shortens the drilling cycle and reduces operating costs.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope orientation high-efficiency oblique window opening system, including a control valve, a window opening milling cone and an oblique guide connected in sequence, wherein the window opening milling cone and the oblique guide are connected by shear pins; The guide slant is equipped with a hydraulic chamber, and the window milling cone is equipped with a central channel and a peripheral channel. The hydraulic chamber of the guide slant is connected to the central channel of the window milling cone through a pressure transmission pipe. The control valve is equipped with a circulation channel, a pressure-holding channel, and a stroke reversing component for stepping movement according to the start and stop signals of the ground mud pump. The stroke reversing component is equipped with a one-way anti-reverse mechanism to prevent the stroke reversing component from moving in the opposite direction when the mud pump stops and resets. The control valve is provided with a liquid outlet that selectively communicates with the circulation channel and the pressure-holding channel. The liquid outlet is connected to the circulation channel in a first state and to the pressure-holding channel in a second state, driven by the stroke reversing component. When in the first state, the drilling fluid is discharged outward sequentially through the fluid outlet, circulation channel, and peripheral channel; when in the second state, the drilling fluid enters the hydraulic chamber of the guide vane sequentially through the pressure-holding channel, the central channel of the window milling cone, and the pressure transmission pipe, driving the guide vane to perform pressure-holding and setting.

[0007] Furthermore, the control valve includes a valve body and a lower connector connected to the bottom of the valve body, and the stroke reversing assembly includes a control piston, a return spring, a flow control tube, a reversing body, a rotating body, a limiting body, and a balance piston; The switching body is fixedly installed inside the valve body of the control valve, the control piston is slidably and sealingly connected to the valve body, the return spring is sleeved on the outside of the flow control tube, and the upper and lower ends of the return spring elastically support the control piston and the switching body respectively, and the balance piston is slidably and sealingly connected to the piston cavity at the top of the lower connector. The upper end of the flow control tube is connected to the control piston. The flow control tube extends downward and passes through the switching body, rotating body, limiting body and balance piston in sequence, and is slidably sealed to the balance piston. The one-way anti-reverse mechanism is installed between the rotating body and the flow control tube. The bottom of the transposition body is provided with a first oblique tooth groove, and the top of the rotating body is provided with a second oblique tooth groove that cooperates with it. The upper surface of the limiting body is provided with a reversing track for driving the rotating body to rotate stepwise and position. The bottom of the rotating body is provided with a guide leg that cooperates with the reversing track. When the guide leg contacts the reversing track, it is guided by the track to rotate and fall into the corresponding position, so as to cooperate with the liquid outlet of the drive control valve to complete the channel switching.

[0008] Furthermore, a first balance hole is provided on the valve housing, which connects the cavity below the control piston with the annulus inside the well. The lower connector is provided with a second balance hole, which connects the bottom of the piston chamber to the annulus inside the well.

[0009] Furthermore, the reversing track includes shallow grooves and deep grooves alternately arranged circumferentially along the upper surface of the limiting body, and the shallow grooves and deep grooves are arranged in a cyclical order of shallow groove, shallow groove, deep groove along the circumference; When the rotating body triggers the shallow groove, the liquid outlet connects to the circulation channel; when the rotating body triggers the deep groove, the liquid outlet connects to the pressure-retaining channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the one-way anti-reverse mechanism includes a fixed sleeve, a ratchet, and a pawl that cooperates with the ratchet. The fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the rotating body, the ratchet is fixedly mounted on the outside of the flow control tube, and the pawl is elastically hinged to the fixed sleeve. A thrust ball bearing is provided above the fixed sleeve, and the upper and lower rotating ends of the thrust ball bearing are respectively connected to the rotating body and the flow control pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide includes a guide body, a housing, and a protective cap connected sequentially from top to bottom; The shell is slidably sealed with an upper cone and a lower cone. The inner hole of the upper cone is connected downward to a limiting tube. The lower end of the limiting tube passes through the inner hole of the lower cone. The outer circumferential surface of the limiting tube and the inner circumferential surface of the lower cone are provided with mutually cooperating one-way toothed grooves. The lower end of the limiting tube is also surrounded by multiple radial slits, so that this part forms an elastically shrinkable structure. The housing is axially slidably connected with an upper slip that mates with the upper cone and a lower slip that mates with the lower cone. The housing is also provided with a connector that is slidably and sealingly connected to the top of the inner hole of the upper cone. The connector, the upper cone, the housing, and the lower cone together form a pressure chamber for setting. The guide body is provided with a pressure transmission channel that connects the pressure chamber to the pressure transmission pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the milling cone with window opening includes a milling cone body, the outer wall of which is inlaid with strip-shaped alloy and column-shaped alloy, the lower end of the milling cone body is provided with an alloy ball head, the alloy ball head is provided with a nozzle communicating with the peripheral channel, and the upper end face of the milling cone body is also provided with an annular channel connecting the circulation channel with the peripheral channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the control valve is connected to a gyroscope orientation section, which contains a wireless gyroscope and a pulse generator connected and cooperating with the wireless gyroscope.

[0014] A method for side drilling with a wireless gyroscope-guided high-efficiency oblique window opening system includes the following steps: Step S1: Connect the drill string sequentially downwards to the gyro directional sub, control valve, window milling cone, and guide tool, and then lower it into the well to the predetermined depth; Step S2: Start the surface mud pump and pump hydraulic fluid downward through the drill string. The mud pushes the control piston downward and drives the stroke reversing assembly to perform stepping motion, causing the rotating body to trigger the shallow groove on the limit body. The fluid outlet of the control valve is in the first state and connected to the circulation channel. At this time, the drilling fluid is ejected outward through the circulation channel, the peripheral channel, and the nozzle. At the same time, the gyroscope assembly is used to perform accurate orientation operation for the downhole window opening depth and azimuth. The information is transmitted to the surface receiving device in real time using the mud pulse signal. After the operation is completed, the surface mud pump is turned off. Step S3: Restart the surface mud pump to allow the stroke reversing component to continue advancing, driving the rotating body to trigger the deep groove on the limiting body. The control valve switches the fluid outlet to the second state to connect the pressure-holding channel. The drilling fluid sequentially passes through the pressure-holding channel, the central channel of the windowed milling cone, and the pressure transmission pipe, and is injected into the hydraulic chamber of the guide vane. This drives the upper and lower cones to expand outwards, respectively, completing the setting operation of the guide vane. After the setting operation is completed, turn off the surface mud pump, lift and press down the drill string to confirm that the setting is reliable. Step S4: Restart the surface mud pump. The surface mud pump causes the stroke reversing component to continue stepping, driving the rotating body to trigger the shallow groove on the limit body again. The control valve resets the fluid outlet to the first state to connect the circulation channel. The drilling fluid is ejected outward through the circulation channel, the peripheral channel, and the nozzle again. The shearing pin between the window milling cone and the guide screw is sheared by the lower drill string. Then, the upper drill string is started to drive the window milling cone to rotate and perform the inclined window side drilling operation. Furthermore, if the orientation operation is not completed in step S2, the operation sequence of steps S2 to S4 is repeated after briefly starting and stopping the ground mud pump until the entire process of orientation, sealing and opening the window is completed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention integrates the gyro directional sub, control valve, window milling cone, and guide vane into the same drill string assembly. It utilizes the shear pin between the window milling cone and the guide vane for a releasable connection. After running into the well, the entire process of directional measurement, hydraulic sealing, and side-drilling window opening can be completed in sequence by controlling the number of times the mud pump is started and stopped on the surface. This truly achieves the completion of the entire process in "one trip," significantly reducing the number of trips, shortening the drilling cycle, and reducing operating costs.

[0016] 2. The core control valve of this invention employs a purely mechanical stroke reversing assembly combined with hydraulic drive. The reversing body and rotating body can be driven to perform step-by-step reversal between the shallow and deep grooves of the limiting body by the number of times the mud pump is started and stopped. This purely mechanical hydraulic logic control method completely eliminates downhole electronic components, resulting in a simplified structure, reliable operation, and excellent adaptability to harsh downhole environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong vibration, significantly reducing the tool failure rate.

[0017] 3. The present invention incorporates a one-way anti-reverse mechanism in the stroke reversing assembly of the control valve. This mechanism utilizes the mechanical cooperation of a ratchet and a pawl to precisely lock the current gear position of the rotating body each time the pump stops and resets, completely eliminating the possibility of the rotating body reversing due to the force of the reset spring.

[0018] 4. The guide vane of this invention features a special limiting tube structure. Multiple radial slits at the lower end of the limiting tube create an elastic constriction structure, generating a stable pre-tightening holding force on the lower cone during the downhole and pre-pressurization phases, effectively preventing premature mis-sealing caused by downhole vibrations. Simultaneously, the mutually cooperating unidirectional toothed grooves between the limiting tube and the lower cone form a reliable mechanical self-locking mechanism after sealing, completely preventing the lower cone from dislodging during window drilling, significantly improving the anchoring reliability of the guide vane after sealing.

[0019] 5. By opening a first balance hole and a second balance hole at the valve body and the lower connector respectively, which are connected to the annulus in the well, the pressure in the cavity below the control piston and the balance piston can always be balanced with the annulus pressure when they move up and down. This eliminates the back pressure resistance of the liquid and greatly improves the smoothness and sensitivity of the movement of each piston inside the control valve, making the response of the mud pump start-up and shutdown operation more timely and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control valve structure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the thrust ball bearing and the one-way anti-reverse mechanism; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a thrust ball bearing and a one-way anti-reverse mechanism; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transposition body; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the transposition body; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid of revolution; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of a solid of revolution; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting body. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the limiting body; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a window milling cone; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the guide vane. Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Control valve, 2. Window milling cone, 3. Guide swashplate, 4. Gyro directional stub, 5. Pressure transmission tube; 101. Valve housing; 102. Lower connector; 103. Control piston; 104. Flow control tube; 105. Return spring; 106. Switching body; 107. Rotating body; 108. Thrust ball bearing; 109. Limiting body; 110. Balance piston; 111. First balance hole; 112. Thrust ball bearing; 113. Piston chamber; 114. Liquid outlet; 115. Circulation channel; 116. Pressure-holding channel; 117. Fixed sleeve; 118. Ratchet; 119. Pawl; 120. Second helical tooth groove; 121. Guide leg; 122. Deep groove; 123. Shallow groove; 124. First helical tooth groove; 125. Second balance hole; 201. Milling cone body; 202. Strip alloy; 203. Column alloy; 204. Alloy ball head; 205. Nozzle; 206. Peripheral channel; 207. Central channel; 208. Annular channel. 301. Guide body; 302. Shell; 303. Protective cap; 304. Connector; 305. Upper slip; 306. Upper cone; 307. Pressurization chamber; 308. Limiting tube; 309. Lower cone; 310. Lower slip; 311. Pressure transmission channel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 13 As shown, the one-pass drilling wireless gyro orientation high-efficiency oblique window opening system is mainly composed of a gyro orientation section 4, a control valve 1, a window opening milling cone 2, and a guide 3 connected in sequence from top to bottom. In order to realize one-pass drilling operation, the window opening milling cone 2 and the guide 3 are connected by shear pins to ensure the overall rigidity during drilling and to accurately shear off and detach during subsequent window opening.

[0023] Control valve 1 controls downhole hydraulic actions and stepping logic, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 As shown, the control valve 1 includes a valve body 101 and a lower connector 102 connected to the bottom of the valve body 101. The valve body 1 has a stroke reversing assembly inside. The stroke reversing assembly is mainly composed of a control piston 103, a return spring 105, a flow control tube 104, a switching body 106, a rotating body 107, a limiting body 109, and a balance piston 110.

[0024] The switching body 106 is fixedly installed inside the valve housing 101, the control piston 103 is slidably and sealingly connected inside the valve housing 101, and the reset spring 105 is fitted on the outside of the flow control tube 104, with the upper and lower ends respectively elastically supporting the control piston 103 and the switching body 106.

[0025] The balance piston 110 is slidably and sealed in the piston chamber 113 at the top of the lower connector 102. The upper end of the flow control tube 104 is connected to the control piston 103, extends downward and passes through the switching body 106, the rotating body 107, the limiting body 109 and the balance piston 110 in sequence, and is slidably and sealed in connection with the balance piston 110.

[0026] In order to precisely control the switching action, the bottom of the switching body 106 is provided with a first oblique tooth groove 124, and the top of the rotating body 107 is provided with a second oblique tooth groove 120 that cooperates with it.

[0027] The upper surface of the limiting body 109 is provided with a reversing track, which specifically includes shallow grooves 123 and deep grooves 122 arranged alternately along the circumference, and arranged in a cycle of shallow groove, shallow groove, deep groove. The bottom of the rotating body 107 is provided with a guide leg 121 that cooperates with the reversing track. When the guide leg 121 contacts the reversing track, it is guided to rotate and accurately falls into the corresponding position. Through the rotation of the rotating body 107, the liquid outlet 114 inside the drive control valve 1 can be switched between the circulation channel 115 and the pressure channel 116.

[0028] like Figure 12 As shown, the main body of the guide 3 includes, from top to bottom, a guide body 301, a housing 302, and a protective cap 303. The housing 302 has an upper cone 306 and a lower cone 309 that are slidably and sealingly connected inside. The inner hole of the upper cone 306 is connected downward to a limiting tube 308, and the lower end of the limiting tube 308 passes through the inner hole of the lower cone 309.

[0029] The housing 302 is axially slidably connected with an upper slip 305 that mates with the upper cone 306 and a lower slip 310 that mates with the lower cone 309. A shear pin can be connected between the upper slip 305 and the upper cone 306, and a shear pin can also be connected between the lower cone 309 and the lower slip 310, so as to achieve the effect of positioning and assembly. The housing 302 is also provided with a connector 304 that is slidably and sealingly connected to the top of the inner hole of the upper cone 306. The connector 304 is provided with a channel that passes through itself. The connector 304, the upper cone 306, the housing 302 and the lower cone 309 together enclose to form a pressure chamber 307 for setting. The guide body 301 is provided with a pressure transmission channel 311 that connects the pressure chamber 307 with the pressure transmission pipe 5.

[0030] like Figure 11As shown, the milling cone 2 includes a milling cone body 201, in which strip alloy 202 and column alloy 203 are inlaid in the grooves and holes on its outer wall. An alloy ball head 204 is welded to the lower end of the milling cone body 201, and a nozzle 205 is provided inside the alloy ball head 204.

[0031] The milling cone body 201 has a central channel 207 and an outer channel 206 inside. The central channel 207 is connected to the pressure transmission channel 311 and the pressure chamber 307 of the guide 3 through the pressure transmission pipe 5. The upper end of the central channel 207 is connected to the pressure-holding channel 116. The outer channel 206 is connected to the circulation channel 115 through the annular channel 208 at the upper end of the milling cone body 201, and is used to discharge circulating mud. The gyro directional section 4 is set on the top of the control valve 1, and has a wireless gyroscope and a pulse generator connected to it inside, which is used to measure the well position in real time and feed the signal back to the surface.

[0032] Example 2 This embodiment is an optimization based on the above embodiment, specifically: To ensure that the control piston 103 and the balance piston 110 can move smoothly in the downhole high-pressure environment and are not affected by the well fluid back pressure, the present invention has made a special design for the pressure balance structure.

[0033] Specific combination Figure 2 The valve housing 101 is provided with a first balance hole 111, which connects the cavity below the control piston 103 with the annulus in the well, so that when the control piston 103 moves down, the well fluid in the cavity below it can be smoothly discharged into the annulus, avoiding hydraulic blockage caused by the incompressibility of the fluid. The lower connector 102 is provided with a second balance hole 125, which connects the bottom of the piston chamber 113 to the annulus in the well, ensuring that when the balance piston 110 moves down with the flow control pipe 104, the well fluid pressure at the bottom of the piston chamber 113 can maintain a dynamic balance with the annulus pressure, thereby significantly improving the sensitivity and reliability of the action.

[0034] At the same time, combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 The one-way anti-reverse mechanism in this system adopts a highly reliable mechanical anti-reverse structure. The one-way anti-reverse mechanism includes a fixed sleeve 117, a ratchet 118, and a pawl 119 that cooperates with the ratchet 118.

[0035] The fixed sleeve 117 is fixedly connected inside the rotating body 107, the ratchet 118 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the flow control tube 104, and the pawl 119 is hinged to the fixed sleeve 117 by elastic elements such as torsion springs. During operation, the pawl 119 locks the ratchet 118 to ensure that the rotating body 107 can only maintain the current step gear and will never reverse back.

[0036] To improve the smoothness of rotation, a thrust ball bearing 112 is installed on the upper part of the fixed sleeve 117. The upper and lower rotating ends of the thrust ball bearing 112 are connected to the rotating body 107 and the flow control pipe 104, respectively.

[0037] Example 3 like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, this embodiment is a side-drilling method for opening windows using the one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique window opening system described in the above embodiment, including the following steps: Step S1: Connect the drill string sequentially downwards to the gyro directional sub 4, control valve 1, window milling cone 2, and guide vane 3, and then lower the entire assembly into the well to the predetermined depth.

[0038] Step S2: Turn on the ground mud pump and pump high-pressure mud downward through the drill string. The mud pushes the control piston 103 downward, driving the stroke reversing component to perform stepping motion, so that the guide leg 121 of the rotating body 107 triggers the shallow groove 123 on the limiting body 109. At this time, the fluid outlet 114 of control valve 1 is in the first state, connecting the circulation channel 115. The drilling fluid flows into the outer channel 206 of the window milling cone 2 along the circulation channel 115 and is ejected outward from the nozzle 205 of the alloy ball head 204. While the mud is circulating, the wireless gyroscope assembly in the gyroscope orientation section 4 is used to perform accurate orientation operations for the downhole window opening depth and azimuth. The data is transmitted to the ground receiving device in real time through the pulse generator. After the orientation operation is completed, the ground mud pump is turned off.

[0039] Step S3: After confirming that the orientation is completed, turn on the ground mud pump again to make the stroke reversing component continue to step, driving the rotating body 107 to trigger the deep groove 122 on the limiting body 109; At this time, control valve 1 switches the fluid outlet 114 to the second state and connects the pressure-holding channel 116. The high-pressure drilling fluid passes through the pressure-holding channel 116, the central channel 207 of the window milling cone 2 and the pressure transmission pipe 5 in sequence, and then is injected into the pressure chamber 307 of the guide vane 3 through the pressure transmission channel 311. As the hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber 307 increases, the hydraulic pressure pushes the upper cone 306 and the lower cone 309 to move in opposite directions, and respectively drives the upper slip 305 and the lower slip 310 to expand outward, so that the slips are firmly locked on the inner wall of the casing, completing the setting operation of the guide tool 3. After the setting is completed, the ground mud pump is turned off, and the drilling tools are lifted and pressed down on the ground to confirm that the setting is reliable.

[0040] In step S4, after confirming the seat is secure, the surface mud pump is restarted, causing the stroke reversing assembly to continue advancing, driving the rotating body 107 to trigger the shallow groove 123 on the limiting body 109 again. Control valve 1 resets the fluid outlet 114 to the first state, reconnecting the circulation channel 115. The drilling fluid is then ejected outwards again through the circulation channel 115, the peripheral channel 206, and the nozzle 205. The shear pin between the window milling cone 2 and the guide 3 is cut off by pressing down the drill bit, and then the upper drill bit is started to drive the window milling cone 2 to rotate, and the inclined window opening side drilling operation is carried out.

[0041] If accurate locking is not achieved in the orientation operation in step S2, the operator does not need to pull out the drill. Instead, the operator only needs to briefly start and stop the ground mud pump once to allow the stroke reversing component to step again. The complete operation sequence from step S2 to step S4 can then be repeated until the entire process of orientation, setting, and opening the window is finally completed.

[0042] In addition, in order to achieve stable attachment and long-term locking after setting of the guide pipe 3 during the well running process, an anti-reverse locking structure is provided between the limiting pipe 308 and the lower cone 309. During the well running and non-pressurization stages, the lower end of the limiting pipe 308 has a radial slit that surrounds it. This part has radial elastic contraction capability, which can generate elastic clamping force on the lower cone 309 inserted inside, effectively preventing the lower cone 309 from being mis-displaced due to downhole vibration. Meanwhile, the outer peripheral surface of the limiting tube 308 and the one-way tooth groove surface on the inner peripheral surface of the lower cone 309 form a mating structure similar to a one-way ratchet.

[0043] When the sealing operation is started, the hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber 307 increases, pushing the upper cone 306 and the lower cone 309 to move in opposite directions. The strong hydraulic pressure forces the lower cone 309 to overcome the elastic clamping force of the limiting tube 308 and the inter-tooth meshing resistance of the one-way tooth groove surface, thereby achieving relative sliding, driving the slip to expand outward and firmly press against the sleeve wall. Once the setting is completed and the high-pressure mud is removed, the one-way toothed surface will generate a mechanical locking effect, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability of the guide vane 3 setting and preventing the window opening failure due to disengagement and unlocking.

[0044] This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this invention, and the changed content still falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency, one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope-guided oblique windowing system, characterized in that: It includes a control valve, a window milling cone, and a guide cone connected in sequence, with the window milling cone and guide cone connected by shear pins; The guide slant is equipped with a hydraulic chamber, and the window milling cone is equipped with a central channel and a peripheral channel. The hydraulic chamber of the guide slant is connected to the central channel of the window milling cone through a pressure transmission pipe. The control valve is equipped with a circulation channel, a pressure-holding channel, and a stroke reversing component for stepping movement according to the start and stop signals of the ground mud pump. The stroke reversing component is equipped with a one-way anti-reverse mechanism to prevent the stroke reversing component from moving in the opposite direction when the mud pump stops and resets. The control valve is provided with a liquid outlet that selectively communicates with the circulation channel and the pressure-holding channel. The liquid outlet is connected to the circulation channel in a first state and to the pressure-holding channel in a second state, driven by the stroke reversing component. When in the first state, the drilling fluid is discharged outward sequentially through the fluid outlet, circulation channel, and peripheral channel; when in the second state, the drilling fluid enters the hydraulic chamber of the guide vane sequentially through the pressure-holding channel, the central channel of the window milling cone, and the pressure transmission pipe, driving the guide vane to perform pressure-holding and setting.

2. The one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique windowing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control valve includes a valve body and a lower connector connected to the bottom of the valve body. The stroke reversing assembly includes a control piston, a return spring, a flow control tube, a reversing body, a rotating body, a limiting body, and a balance piston. The switching body is fixedly installed inside the valve body of the control valve, the control piston is slidably and sealingly connected to the valve body, the return spring is sleeved on the outside of the flow control tube, and the upper and lower ends of the return spring elastically support the control piston and the switching body respectively, and the balance piston is slidably and sealingly connected to the piston cavity at the top of the lower connector. The upper end of the flow control tube is connected to the control piston. The flow control tube extends downward and passes through the switching body, rotating body, limiting body and balance piston in sequence, and is slidably sealed to the balance piston. The one-way anti-reverse mechanism is installed between the rotating body and the flow control tube. The bottom of the transposition body is provided with a first oblique tooth groove, and the top of the rotating body is provided with a second oblique tooth groove that cooperates with it. The upper surface of the limiting body is provided with a reversing track for driving the rotating body to rotate stepwise and position. The bottom of the rotating body is provided with a guide leg that cooperates with the reversing track. When the guide leg contacts the reversing track, it is guided by the track to rotate and fall into the corresponding position, so as to cooperate with the liquid outlet of the drive control valve to complete the channel switching.

3. The one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique windowing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve housing is provided with a first balance hole, which connects the cavity below the control piston with the annulus inside the well. The lower connector is provided with a second balance hole, which connects the bottom of the piston chamber to the annulus inside the well.

4. The one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique window opening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reversing track includes shallow grooves and deep grooves that are alternately arranged circumferentially along the upper surface of the limiting body. The shallow grooves and deep grooves are arranged in a cyclical order of shallow groove, shallow groove, deep groove along the circumference. When the rotating body triggers the shallow groove, the liquid outlet connects to the circulation channel; when the rotating body triggers the deep groove, the liquid outlet connects to the pressure-retaining channel.

5. The one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique windowing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way anti-reverse mechanism includes a fixed sleeve, a ratchet, and a pawl that cooperates with the ratchet. The fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the rotating body, the ratchet is fixedly mounted on the outside of the flow control tube, and the pawl is elastically hinged to the fixed sleeve. A thrust ball bearing is provided above the fixed sleeve, and the upper and lower rotating ends of the thrust ball bearing are respectively connected to the rotating body and the flow control pipe.

6. The one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique window opening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide device includes a guide body, a housing, and a protective cap connected in sequence from top to bottom; The shell is slidably sealed with an upper cone and a lower cone. The inner hole of the upper cone is connected downward to a limiting tube. The lower end of the limiting tube passes through the inner hole of the lower cone. The outer circumferential surface of the limiting tube and the inner circumferential surface of the lower cone are provided with mutually cooperating one-way toothed grooves. The lower end of the limiting tube is also surrounded by multiple radial slits, so that this part forms an elastically shrinkable structure. The housing is axially slidably connected with an upper slip that mates with the upper cone and a lower slip that mates with the lower cone. The housing is also provided with a connector that is slidably and sealingly connected to the top of the inner hole of the upper cone. The connector, the upper cone, the housing, and the lower cone together form a pressure chamber for setting. The guide body is provided with a pressure transmission channel that connects the pressure chamber to the pressure transmission pipe.

7. The one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique window opening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling cone with window opening includes a milling cone body. The outer wall of the milling cone body is inlaid with strip-shaped alloy and column-shaped alloy. The lower end of the milling cone body is provided with an alloy ball head. The alloy ball head is provided with a nozzle that communicates with the peripheral channel. The upper end face of the milling cone body is also provided with an annular channel that connects the circulation channel with the peripheral channel.

8. The one-pass drilling wireless gyroscope directional high-efficiency oblique windowing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the control valve is connected to a gyroscope orientation section, which contains a wireless gyroscope and a pulse generator connected and cooperating with the wireless gyroscope.

9. A side-drilling method for opening windows using a single-pass drilling wireless gyroscope-oriented high-efficiency oblique window opening system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: Connect the drill string sequentially downwards to the gyro directional sub, control valve, window milling cone, and guide tool, and then lower it into the well to the predetermined depth; Step S2: Start the surface mud pump and pump hydraulic fluid downward through the drill string. The mud pushes the control piston downward and drives the stroke reversing assembly to perform stepping motion, causing the rotating body to trigger the shallow groove on the limit body. The fluid outlet of the control valve is in the first state and connected to the circulation channel. At this time, the drilling fluid is ejected outward through the circulation channel, the peripheral channel, and the nozzle. At the same time, the gyroscope assembly is used to perform accurate orientation operation for the downhole window opening depth and azimuth. The information is transmitted to the surface receiving device in real time using the mud pulse signal. After the operation is completed, the surface mud pump is turned off. Step S3: Restart the surface mud pump to allow the stroke reversing component to continue advancing, driving the rotating body to trigger the deep groove on the limiting body. The control valve switches the fluid outlet to the second state to connect the pressure-holding channel. The drilling fluid sequentially passes through the pressure-holding channel, the central channel of the windowed milling cone, and the pressure transmission pipe, and is injected into the hydraulic chamber of the guide vane. This drives the upper and lower cones to expand outwards, respectively, completing the setting operation of the guide vane. After the setting operation is completed, turn off the surface mud pump, lift and press down the drill string to confirm that the setting is reliable. Step S4: Restart the surface mud pump. The surface mud pump causes the stroke reversing component to continue stepping, driving the rotating body to trigger the shallow groove on the limit body again. The control valve resets the fluid outlet to the first state to connect the circulation channel. The drilling fluid is ejected outward through the circulation channel, the peripheral channel, and the nozzle again. The shear pin between the window milling cone and the guide screw is sheared by the lower drill string. Then, the upper drill string is started to drive the window milling cone to rotate and perform directional window drilling operation.

10. A method for side drilling with a single-pass wireless gyroscope-oriented high-efficiency oblique window opening system, characterized in that: If the orientation operation is not completed in step S2, the operation sequence of steps S2 to S4 is repeated after a brief start and stop of the ground mud pump until the entire process of orientation, sealing and opening of the window is completed.

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