A hydraulic fracturing fracture width and azimuth real-time monitoring system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a hydraulic fracturing fracture width and azimuth real-time monitoring system and method, and relates to the field of oil and gas exploitation. The system comprises a first packer and a second packer arranged in a horizontal well; an isolated fracturing section is formed between the first packer and the second packer; a fracturing main pipe passes through the first packer and the second packer and injects fracturing fluid into the isolated fracturing section; the first packer and the second packer are provided with a strain sensor array and an inclinometer array; a control module is communicatively connected with the strain sensor array and the inclinometer array; the control module inverses fracture width according to strain data collected by the strain sensor array and inverses fracture azimuth according to three-axis inclination data collected by the inclinometer array to obtain fracture monitoring results, so that in-situ real-time monitoring of fractures is realized and dynamic adjustment of fracturing control parameters is assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of unconventional natural gas and deep geothermal extraction technology, specifically relating to a real-time monitoring system and method for the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic fracturing technology is an important engineering method for improving reservoir conductivity and enhancing fluid flow channels. Real-time monitoring of the physical opening width and three-dimensional spatial propagation direction of fractures during fracturing operations is crucial for evaluating reservoir stimulation effectiveness, preventing engineering accidents, and optimizing fracturing strategies.

[0003] Existing fracture monitoring technologies still have shortcomings in terms of spatial resolution, real-time performance, and direct inversion capability. Microseismic monitoring mainly reflects high-frequency elastic wave signals generated by rock fractures, making it difficult to directly and quantitatively characterize the fracture width in the near-wellbore area. Although distributed fiber optic monitoring can provide continuous strain information, it is easily damaged under complex perforation and long-term fracturing conditions, and high-dimensional inversion usually relies on post-processing. Traditional tiltmeter monitoring suffers significant signal attenuation when sensors are deployed on the surface, and deployment in adjacent wells increases engineering costs and is limited by well spacing. Existing mobile monitoring tools may also affect the continuous pumping of fracturing fluids.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the problems existing in hydraulic fracturing fracture monitoring technology, such as bulky equipment, dependence on adjacent wells, and difficulty in directly measuring the physical width of fractures, there is an urgent need for a hydraulic fracturing fracture width and orientation monitoring system and method with high structural integration, no need for additional wells, and the ability to achieve in-situ real-time monitoring in horizontal wells. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a system and method for real-time monitoring of the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures, so as to realize in-situ real-time monitoring of fractures and dynamic adjustment of fracturing control parameters.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a real-time monitoring system for the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures, including a first packer and a second packer installed in a horizontal well; an isolation fracturing section is formed between the first packer and the second packer; a fracturing main pipe passes through the first packer and the second packer and injects fracturing fluid into the isolation fracturing section;

[0008] The first and second packers are equipped with strain sensor arrays and tiltmeter arrays. The control module is communicatively connected to the strain sensor arrays and tiltmeter arrays. The control module performs crack width inversion based on the strain data collected by the strain sensor arrays and crack orientation inversion based on the triaxial tilt angle data collected by the tiltmeter arrays to obtain crack monitoring results.

[0009] Furthermore, both the first packer and the second packer include two spaced metal partitions; the two metal partitions are connected by several support rods to form an installation body; a rubber sealing sleeve is provided on the outside of the installation body; the outer diameter of the rubber sealing sleeve matches the inner diameter of the horizontal well.

[0010] Furthermore, the rubber sealing sleeve is configured as an annular cavity; the port of the annular cavity is connected to an external hydraulic or pneumatic system via a solenoid valve, and the hydraulic or pneumatic system is used to drive the rubber sealing sleeve to expand.

[0011] Furthermore, the two metal partitions and the rubber sealing sleeve form an installation chamber; the strain sensor array and the inclinometer array are disposed within the installation chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the two metal partitions are provided with through holes in the center for the fracturing main pipe to pass through, and the strain sensor array and the inclinometer array are distributed circumferentially on the metal partitions with the through holes as the center.

[0013] Furthermore, the fracturing main pipe is connected to the ground fracturing pump unit via a fracturing fluid delivery pipeline, and the ground fracturing pump unit drives the fracturing fluid into the fracturing main pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a data acquisition module is installed inside the horizontal well. The data acquisition module is connected to the strain sensor array and the tiltmeter array via wireless or wired communication. The data acquisition module is also connected to the control module via a cable.

[0015] Furthermore, the data acquisition module is mounted on the fracturing main pipe.

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for real-time monitoring of the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures, comprising:

[0017] The first and second packers are lowered into the predetermined positions in the horizontal well and set, so that an isolation fracturing section is formed between the first and second packers;

[0018] Strain data output from the strain sensor array and triaxial tilt data output from the tiltmeter array are continuously collected according to the set sampling rate.

[0019] The crack width is obtained by inverting the crack width based on the strain data collected by the strain sensor array;

[0020] The triaxial tilt data collected by the tiltmeter array are used to extract the tilt components in three orthogonal directions to construct the measured tilt vector;

[0021] Based on the Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, and fracture geometry parameters set for the target reservoir, an elastic deformation field is constructed using the Okada three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model; the fracture geometry parameters include fracture strike azimuth, fracture dip angle, fracture depth, fracture length, fracture height, and equivalent aperture.

[0022] The measured dip vector is matched with the elastic deformation field to construct a residual function, and the crack strike azimuth and crack dip angle are solved by minimizing the residual function.

[0023] The output of crack monitoring results consists of crack width, crack orientation azimuth, and crack dip angle.

[0024] Furthermore, the crack width is obtained by inverting the crack width based on the strain data collected by the strain sensor array, specifically including:

[0025] ;

[0026] ;

[0027] In the formula, The width of the crack; These are the width inversion coefficients; The equivalent variable value; For the first Strain data collected by a strain sensor; For strain data Weighting coefficients; This represents the number of strain sensors in the strain sensor array.

[0028] Furthermore, the measured dip vector is matched with the elastic deformation field to construct a residual function, and the crack strike azimuth and crack dip angle are solved by minimizing the residual function. Specifically, this includes:

[0029] ;

[0030] ;

[0031] ;

[0032] ;

[0033] In the formula, It is the residual function; The azimuth angle of the crack direction. The optimal value for the crack orientation azimuth angle is obtained. The angle of the crack. The optimal value for the crack dip angle is obtained; To deepen the crack, To find the optimal value for the crack burial depth; The length of the crack. The optimal value for the crack length is obtained; The height of the crack. The optimal value for the crack height is determined. For equivalent opening, This is the equivalent aperture corresponding to the crack width; The first obtained by the tiltmeter detection Measured tilt angle vectors at each measuring point; For the first elastic deformation field The theoretical tilt vector of each measuring point; N is the number of tiltmeters in the first and second packers; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the x-axis of each measuring point; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the y-axis of each measuring point; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the z-axis of each measuring point; Okada's three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model; For the first The three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point.

[0034] A third aspect of the present invention provides a hydraulic fracturing method, comprising:

[0035] The crack width, crack azimuth, and crack dip angle are obtained using the aforementioned monitoring method.

[0036] When the fracture width is lower than the first target width threshold, a control command to increase the injection rate is sent to the surface fracturing pump unit; when the fracture width is within the range of the first target width threshold to the second target width threshold, and the fracture width growth rate is less than the width change threshold, the injection rate of the surface fracturing pump unit remains unchanged; when the fracture width is greater than the second target width threshold, or the fracture width growth rate is greater than the width change threshold, a control command to decrease the injection rate is sent to the surface fracturing pump unit.

[0037] When the crack azimuth or dip angle is determined to deviate from the preset target range, it is determined that the crack has the risk of breaking through the interlayer, and an adjustment command for the temporary plugging agent delivery parameters is output to the ground fracturing pump unit to control the crack propagation path.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] The present invention forms an isolation fracturing section between the first packer and the second packer; the first packer and the second packer are equipped with strain sensor arrays and inclinometer arrays, which eliminates the need for separate dedicated monitoring and observation wells, and enables in-situ dynamic real-time monitoring of key hydraulic fracture parameters inside the target horizontal wellbore, greatly simplifying the on-site construction procedures, shortening the operation preparation cycle, and effectively ensuring the structural safety and construction controllability of the wellbore throughout the fracturing process.

[0040] This invention directly establishes a fracture width inversion relationship based on raw strain data, enabling real-time estimation of fracture width in the near-wellbore area, capturing the width evolution law during fracture propagation, and providing a core basis for the immediate adjustment of fracturing operation parameters, thus avoiding the result lag problem of traditional monitoring methods. By combining the Okada three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model to invert the three-axis dip angle data, the fracture strike azimuth and fracture dip angle can be obtained in real time, restoring the three-dimensional spatial distribution of fractures and overcoming the limitation of conventional monitoring methods that can only obtain single-dimensional parameters.

[0041] This invention dynamically adjusts the injection rate of the surface fracturing pump group based on the real-time evolution of fracture width. This avoids insufficient fracture width leading to obstruction of proppant entry into the fracture and a decrease in fracture conductivity, while also preventing excessive fracture width from causing increased filtration loss and waste of fracturing materials. At the same time, it optimizes the combination of construction parameters in a timely manner based on the spatial orientation of the fracture, guiding the fracture to extend and expand along the favorable direction of the reservoir, which can significantly improve the reservoir adaptability and stimulation accuracy of the fracturing scheme. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the real-time monitoring system for the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first packer and the second packer provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first packer and the second packer provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the real-time monitoring method for the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of crack width inversion provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] In the diagram, 1 is a horizontal well, 2 is the fracturing main pipe, 3 is the first packer, 4 is the second packer, 5 is the isolated fracturing section, 6 is the data acquisition module, 7 is the cable, 8 is the control module, 9 is the inversion processing unit, 10 is the fracturing parameter control unit, 11 is the fracturing fluid delivery pipeline, 12 is the surface fracturing pump set, 13 is the fracture, 14 is the strain sensor, 15 is the inclinometer, 16 is the metal partition, 17 is the rubber sealing sleeve, and 18 is the support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the description of this invention refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a real-time monitoring system for the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures, including a first packer 3 and a second packer 4 installed in a horizontal well 1; an isolation fracturing section 5 is formed between the first packer 3 and the second packer 4, and a fracture 13 is formed in the isolation fracturing section 5; the fracturing main pipe 2 passes through the first packer 3 and the second packer 4 and injects fracturing fluid into the isolation fracturing section 5; the fracturing main pipe 2 is connected to a surface fracturing pump group 12 through a fracturing fluid delivery pipeline 11, and the surface fracturing pump group 12 drives the fracturing fluid into the fracturing main pipe 2.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first packer 3 and the second packer 4 both include two metal partitions 16 spaced apart; the two metal partitions 16 are connected by several support rods 18 to form an installation body; a rubber sealing sleeve 17 is provided on the outside of the installation body; the outer diameter of the rubber sealing sleeve 17 matches the inner diameter of the horizontal well 1.

[0052] The rubber sealing sleeve 17 is configured as an annular cavity; the port of the annular cavity is connected to a hydraulic system or a pneumatic system via a solenoid valve. The hydraulic system or pneumatic system is used to drive the rubber sealing sleeve 17 to expand. After the rubber sealing sleeve 17 expands radially, it fits tightly against the well wall, so that the first packer 3 and the second packer 4 can be applied to horizontal wells with different diameters, while improving the isolation and sealing effect of the fracturing section 5.

[0053] Specifically, the solenoid valve controls the flow of fluid between the hydraulic or pneumatic system and the annular cavity. When the solenoid valve is open, hydraulic oil or compressed gas enters the annular cavity through the port, increasing the pressure within the cavity and causing the rubber sealing sleeve 17 to expand radially outward, achieving a tight seal against the wellbore wall. When the solenoid valve is closed, the fluid in the annular cavity is depressurized through the return oil circuit or exhaust circuit, and the rubber sealing sleeve 17 contracts and resets under its own elastic restoring force, releasing the seal. Thus, by controlling the on / off state of the solenoid valve, the fluid pressure within the annular cavity can be precisely adjusted, making the expansion of the rubber sealing sleeve controllable, thereby achieving a reliable dynamic sealing function.

[0054] Two metal partitions 16 and a rubber sealing sleeve 17 form an installation chamber, in which an array of strain sensors 14 and an array of inclinometers 15 are disposed. The two metal partitions 16 have a through hole in the center for the fracturing main pipe to pass through. The array of strain sensors 14 and the array of inclinometers 15 are circumferentially distributed on the metal partitions 16 with the through hole as the center. In this embodiment, the inclinometer 15 is specifically set as a triaxial inclinometer. The strain sensor array includes 4 to 8 sets of strain sensors 14, and the inclinometer array includes 2 to 4 triaxial inclinometer units.

[0055] A data acquisition module 6 is installed inside the horizontal well 1 and is mounted on the fracturing main pipe 2. The data acquisition module 6 is connected to the strain sensor array 14 and the inclinometer array 15 via wireless or wired communication, and is connected to the control module 8 via a cable 7. The control module 8 includes an inversion processing unit 9 and a fracturing parameter control unit 10. The inversion processing unit 9 performs fracture width inversion based on the strain data acquired by the strain sensor array and fracture orientation inversion based on the triaxial dip angle data acquired by the inclinometer array to obtain fracture monitoring results. The fracturing parameter control unit 10 can dynamically adjust the fracturing parameters based on the fracture width and azimuth results.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for real-time monitoring of the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures, comprising:

[0058] The first packer 3 and the second packer 4 are lowered into the predetermined position of the horizontal well. The hydraulic system injects liquid into the rubber sealing sleeve 17, causing the rubber sealing sleeve 17 to expand radially and fit tightly against the well wall, so that an isolation fracturing section is formed between the first packer 3 and the second packer 4.

[0059] Strain data output from strain sensor array 14 and triaxial tilt data output from inclinometer array 15 are continuously collected according to the set sampling rate.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, the fracture opens and causes local displacement of the wellbore. This displacement is transmitted to the strain sensors through the first and second packers. The fracture width is obtained by inverting the fracture width based on the strain data collected by the strain sensor array 14. Specifically, this includes:

[0061] ;

[0062] ;

[0063] In the formula, The width of the crack; These are the width inversion coefficients; The equivalent variable value; For the first Strain data collected by a strain sensor; For strain data Weighting coefficients; This represents the number of strain sensors in the strain sensor array.

[0064] The triaxial tilt data collected by the tiltmeter array 15 were used to extract the tilt components in three orthogonal directions to construct the measured tilt vector;

[0065] Based on the Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, and fracture geometry parameters set for the target reservoir, an elastic deformation field is constructed using the Okada three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model. The fracture geometry parameters include fracture strike azimuth, fracture dip angle, fracture depth, fracture length, fracture height, and equivalent aperture. The equivalent aperture is set according to the fracture width obtained by inversion.

[0066] The measured dip angle vector is matched with the elastic deformation field to construct a residual function. The crack strike azimuth and crack dip angle are then solved by minimizing the residual function. Specifically, this includes:

[0067] ;

[0068] ;

[0069] ;

[0070] ;

[0071] In the formula, It is the residual function; The azimuth angle of the crack direction. The optimal value for the crack orientation azimuth angle is obtained. The angle of the crack. The optimal value for the crack dip angle is obtained; To deepen the crack, To find the optimal value for the crack burial depth; The length of the crack. The optimal value for the crack length is obtained; The height of the crack. The optimal value for the crack height is determined. For equivalent opening, This is the equivalent aperture corresponding to the crack width; The first obtained by the tiltmeter detection Measured tilt angle vectors at each measuring point; For the first elastic deformation field The theoretical tilt vector of each measuring point; N is the number of tiltmeters in the first and second packers; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the x-axis of each measuring point; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the y-axis of each measuring point; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the z-axis of each measuring point; Okada's three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model; For the first The three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point.

[0072] The output of crack monitoring results consists of crack width, crack orientation azimuth, and crack dip angle.

[0073] In this embodiment, a fracture width inversion relationship is directly established based on the original strain data, which enables real-time estimation of fracture width in the near-wellbore area. This accurately captures the width evolution law during fracture propagation, providing a core basis for the immediate adjustment of fracturing operation parameters and avoiding the problem of result lag in traditional monitoring methods. By combining the Okada three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model to invert the three-axis dip angle data, the fracture azimuth and dip angle can be obtained in real time, completely restoring the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the fracture and making up for the limitation of conventional monitoring methods that can only obtain single-dimensional parameters.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] A third aspect of the present invention provides a hydraulic fracturing method, comprising:

[0076] The crack width, crack azimuth, and crack dip angle were obtained using the monitoring method described in Example 2.

[0077] When the fracture width is lower than the first target width threshold, a control command to increase the injection rate is output to the surface fracturing pump unit 12; when the fracture width is within the range of the first target width threshold to the second target width threshold, and the fracture width growth rate is less than the width change threshold, the injection rate of the surface fracturing pump unit 12 is kept constant; when the fracture width is greater than the second target width threshold, or the fracture width growth rate is greater than the width change threshold, a control command to decrease the injection rate is output to the surface fracturing pump unit 12.

[0078] When the crack azimuth or diagonal angle deviates from the preset target range, it is determined that the crack has the risk of breaking through the interlayer. An adjustment command for the temporary plugging agent delivery parameters is sent to the ground fracturing pump unit 12 to control the crack propagation path.

[0079] In this embodiment, the injection rate of the surface fracturing pump group is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time evolution of the fracture width. This avoids proppant embedding and reduced fracture conductivity due to insufficient fracture width, and also prevents excessive fracture width from causing increased filtration loss and waste of fracturing materials. At the same time, the combination of construction parameters is optimized in a timely manner according to the spatial orientation of the fracture, guiding the fracture to extend and expand along the favorable direction of the reservoir, which can significantly improve the reservoir adaptability and stimulation accuracy of the fracturing scheme.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring system for the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures, characterized in that, It includes a first packer and a second packer installed in a horizontal well; an isolation fracturing section is formed between the first packer and the second packer; the fracturing main pipe passes through the first packer and the second packer and injects fracturing fluid into the isolation fracturing section; The first and second packers are equipped with strain sensor arrays and inclinometer arrays, and the control module is communicatively connected to the strain sensor arrays and inclinometer arrays. The control module performs crack width inversion based on strain data collected by the strain sensor array and crack orientation inversion based on triaxial tilt angle data collected by the tiltmeter array to obtain crack monitoring results, specifically including: Based on the Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, and fracture geometry parameters set for the target reservoir, an elastic deformation field is constructed using the Okada three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model; the fracture geometry parameters include fracture strike azimuth, fracture dip angle, fracture depth, fracture length, fracture height, and equivalent aperture. The measured dip vector is matched with the elastic deformation field to construct a residual function, and the crack strike azimuth and crack dip angle are solved by minimizing the residual function. The output of crack monitoring results consists of crack width, crack orientation azimuth, and crack dip angle.

2. The monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first packer and the second packer include two spaced metal partitions; the two metal partitions are connected by several support rods to form an installation body; a rubber sealing sleeve is provided on the outside of the installation body; the outer diameter of the rubber sealing sleeve matches the inner diameter of the horizontal well.

3. The monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rubber sealing sleeve is configured as an annular cavity; the port of the annular cavity is connected to an external hydraulic or pneumatic system via a solenoid valve, and the hydraulic or pneumatic system is used to drive the rubber sealing sleeve to expand.

4. The monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two metal partitions and a rubber sealing sleeve form an installation chamber; the strain sensor array and the inclinometer array are disposed within the installation chamber.

5. The monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two metal partitions have a through hole in the center for the fracturing main pipe to pass through, and the strain sensor array and the inclinometer array are distributed circumferentially on the metal partitions with the through hole as the center.

6. The monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fracturing main pipe is connected to the ground fracturing pump unit via a fracturing fluid delivery pipeline, and the ground fracturing pump unit drives the fracturing fluid into the fracturing main pipe.

7. A method for real-time monitoring of the width and orientation of hydraulic fracturing fractures, characterized in that, The monitoring method is applied to the monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the monitoring method includes: The first and second packers are lowered into the predetermined positions in the horizontal well and set, so that an isolation fracturing section is formed between the first and second packers; Strain data output from the strain sensor array and triaxial tilt data output from the tiltmeter array are continuously collected according to the set sampling rate. The crack width is obtained by inverting the crack width based on the strain data collected by the strain sensor array; The triaxial tilt data collected by the tiltmeter array are used to extract the tilt components in three orthogonal directions to construct the measured tilt vector; Based on the Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, and fracture geometry parameters set for the target reservoir, an elastic deformation field is constructed using the Okada three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model; the fracture geometry parameters include fracture strike azimuth, fracture dip angle, fracture depth, fracture length, fracture height, and equivalent aperture. The measured dip vector is matched with the elastic deformation field to construct a residual function, and the crack strike azimuth and crack dip angle are solved by minimizing the residual function. The output of crack monitoring results consists of crack width, crack orientation azimuth, and crack dip angle.

8. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The crack width is obtained by inverting the crack width based on the strain data collected by the strain sensor array, specifically including: ； ； In the formula, The width of the crack; These are the width inversion coefficients; The equivalent variable value; For the first Strain data collected by a strain sensor; For strain data Weighting coefficients; This represents the number of strain sensors in the strain sensor array.

9. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measured dip angle vector is matched with the elastic deformation field to construct a residual function. The crack strike azimuth and crack dip angle are then solved by minimizing the residual function. Specifically, this includes: ； ； ； ； In the formula, It is the residual function; The azimuth angle of the crack direction. The optimal value for the crack orientation azimuth angle is obtained. The angle of the crack. The optimal value for the crack dip angle is obtained; To deepen the crack, To find the optimal value for the crack burial depth; The length of the crack. The optimal value for the crack length is obtained; The height of the crack. The optimal value for the crack height is determined. For equivalent opening, This is the equivalent aperture corresponding to the crack width; The first obtained by the tiltmeter detection Measured tilt angle vectors at each measuring point; For the first elastic deformation field The theoretical tilt vector of each measuring point; N is the number of tiltmeters in the first and second packers; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the x-axis of each measuring point; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the y-axis of each measuring point; For the first The measured tilt angle components along the z-axis of each measuring point; Okada's three-dimensional elastic half-space dislocation model; For the first The three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point.

10. A hydraulic fracturing method, characterized in that, include: The crack width, crack azimuth, and crack dip angle are obtained by the monitoring method according to any one of claims 7 to 9; When the fracture width is lower than the first target width threshold, a control command to increase the injection rate is sent to the surface fracturing pump unit; when the fracture width is within the range of the first target width threshold to the second target width threshold, and the fracture width growth rate is less than the width change threshold, the injection rate of the surface fracturing pump unit remains unchanged; when the fracture width is greater than the second target width threshold, or the fracture width growth rate is greater than the width change threshold, a control command to decrease the injection rate is sent to the surface fracturing pump unit. The fracturing main pipeline is connected to the surface fracturing pump unit via a fracturing fluid delivery pipeline, and the surface fracturing pump unit drives the fracturing fluid into the fracturing main pipeline. When the crack azimuth or dip angle is determined to deviate from the preset target range, it is determined that the crack has the risk of breaking through the interlayer, and an adjustment command for the temporary plugging agent delivery parameters is output to the ground fracturing pump unit to control the crack propagation path.

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