A shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and proposes an easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which can realize active cleaning operation inside the heat exchange tube, has little effect on the flow-through effect of the heat exchange tube after adding the cleaning functional assembly, has rich cleaning action and better cleaning effect, has low effect on the normal work of the heat exchanger when the cleaning functional assembly implements the cleaning operation, and has higher overall practicability, comprising a shell pipe, a cleaning functional assembly and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the shell pipe is fixedly connected with an upper support frame and a lower support frame inside, a plurality of upper support holes are formed in the upper support frame, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected in the plurality of upper support holes respectively, a plurality of lower support holes are formed in the lower support frame, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected in the plurality of lower support holes respectively, a medium inlet pipe and a medium outlet pipe matched with each other are connected to the shell pipe in communication, end head shells are installed at the upper and lower ends of the shell pipe, and the two end head shells are respectively provided with a heat exchange inlet pipe and a heat exchange outlet pipe matched with each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shell-and-tube heat exchanger technology, and more specifically to an easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, shell-and-tube heat exchangers are indirect heat exchange equipment in which tube bundles are encapsulated inside a shell, and hot and cold fluids flow in opposite or opposite directions on the tube side and shell side, respectively, and heat is transferred through the tube walls. Over a long period of operation, the flowing medium is prone to depositing dirt, silt, coking and scale on the heat exchange tube walls and shell-side flow channels, which increases thermal resistance and reduces heat exchange efficiency. In severe cases, it can also cause flow channel blockage, increased pressure difference or local corrosion. Therefore, this application proposes a clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent application CN202122268005.0, which discloses an easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The general description includes a support frame, a water tank, tube boxes, flanges, a first partition, a second partition, an oil inlet pipe, an oil outlet pipe, heat exchange tubes, a drain pipe, a water inlet pipe, a third partition, nozzles, and a water pump. The top of the support frame is connected to the bottom of the water tank. The water tank contains a chamber with multiple sets of baffles. A drain device is located at the bottom of the chamber. Openings are located at both ends of the chamber, communicating with the interior of the chamber. During operation, the water pump discharges cleaning water into the second tube box. The cleaning water entering the second tube box is then sprayed through multiple nozzles onto the inner wall of the chamber and the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes. The multiple nozzles enhance the cleaning effect inside the chamber. Chinese patent application number CN202222417915.5 discloses an easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is roughly described as follows: It includes a first working tube, with a second working tube and a third working tube fixedly connected to both sides of the first working tube, respectively. A motor is fixedly installed on one side of the second working tube. The second connecting tube, the first connecting tube, and the third connecting tube are fixedly connected to the heat exchanger, the makeup water pump, and the circulating water pump, respectively. In use, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate the connecting plate, and the electric push rod drives the cleaning plate to move the cleaning brush to clean the inside of the second working tube, the first working tube, and the third working tube one by one. The valve is first turned to open, and then the cleaned dirt is discharged from the inside of the device through the first water pipe through the electric valve.

[0004] The former of the two existing technical solutions mentioned above uses a nozzle to achieve auxiliary cleaning of the exterior of the heat exchange tube, but lacks measures for cleaning the interior of the heat exchange tube. The latter uses an electric heating element to achieve heating, so strictly speaking, its internal structure is different from that of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Furthermore, it uses an electric push rod installed inside the working tube to achieve auxiliary drive during the cleaning process. Therefore, the electric push rod will be completely immersed in the heat exchange medium. Due to the influence of the heat exchange medium inside the working tube, the requirements for the electric push rod are high, and the feasibility of the solution needs to be further optimized. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger that can actively clean the inside of the heat exchange tubes. The addition of the cleaning function component has minimal impact on the flow rate of the heat exchange tubes, offers a variety of cleaning action types, provides better cleaning results, and minimizes the impact on the normal operation of the heat exchanger when the cleaning function component performs the cleaning operation, resulting in higher overall practicality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising multiple heat exchange tubes, a shell tube, and a cleaning functional component. An upper support plate and a lower support plate are fixedly connected inside the shell tube. The upper support plate has multiple upper support holes, and the multiple heat exchange tubes are respectively fixedly connected within these upper support holes. The lower support plate has multiple lower support holes, and the multiple heat exchange tubes are respectively fixedly connected within these lower support holes. A matching medium inlet pipe and a medium outlet pipe are connected externally to the shell tube. Both ends of the shell tube are equipped with... The device has two end shells, each equipped with a matching heat exchange inlet pipe and heat exchange outlet pipe. The cleaning function component includes a central pipe, an upper synchronous frame, and a lower synchronous frame. The central pipe is fixedly connected between the upper and lower support plates. A synchronous vertical shaft is rotatably connected inside the central pipe. Multiple cleaning rods are fixedly connected between the upper and lower synchronous frames, and each cleaning rod passes through a multiple heat exchange pipe. Both the upper and lower synchronous frames are connected to the synchronous vertical shaft. A synchronous drive structure is installed outside the shell tube, which is used for the synchronous drive of the upper and lower synchronous frames.

[0007] Preferably, the synchronous drive structure includes an upper mounting ring and a lower mounting ring, both of which are fixedly connected to the housing tube. The upper and lower mounting rings are respectively connected to an upper rotating frame and a lower rotating frame. Both the upper and lower rotating frames are slidably connected to lifting frames. Electromagnets are installed inside each of the two lifting frames, and each electromagnet is equipped with an iron ring. The two iron rings are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower synchronous frames. A variable frequency motor is installed at the bottom of the upper mounting ring. The variable frequency motor is used to drive the rotation of the upper rotating frame relative to the upper mounting ring and the rotation of the lower rotating frame relative to the lower mounting ring. Both lifting frames are equipped with magnetic synchronous drive devices.

[0008] Preferably, each of the two lifting frames has two circular slots, and each of the upper and lower rotating frames is fixedly connected to two circular columns. The four circular columns are in sliding fit with the four circular slots respectively. Each of the two lifting frames is fixedly connected to a connecting spring, and the two connecting springs are fixedly connected to the upper and lower rotating frames respectively.

[0009] Preferably, both magnetic synchronous drive devices include an insertion frame, which is slidably engaged with two lifting frames. Each lifting frame is fixedly connected with a horizontal spring, which is also fixedly connected to the two insertion frames. Each insertion frame contains a permanent magnet, which is matched with two electromagnets. Each insertion frame is fixedly connected with two drive rods. Each of the four circular columns has a side slope groove, which is adapted to the four drive rods.

[0010] Preferably, the insertion frame has an embedding groove, the embedding groove has an embedding block, the insertion frame has two threaded rods, the embedding block has two threaded holes, and the two threaded rods are respectively threaded into the two threaded holes.

[0011] Preferably, a synchronous shaft is rotatably connected between the upper mounting ring and the lower mounting ring. A driven gear and two transmission gears are mounted on the synchronous shaft. A drive gear is mounted on the output shaft of the variable frequency motor. The drive gear meshes with the driven gear. Both transmission gears are meshed and connected to transmission gear rings. The two transmission gear rings are fixedly connected to the upper rotating frame and the lower rotating frame, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, both ends of the synchronous vertical shaft are fixedly connected to eccentric shafts, the axes of the two eccentric shafts coincide, and both the upper and lower synchronous frames are provided with mounting holes, through which the two eccentric shafts pass respectively.

[0013] Preferably, each of the two end shells is fixedly connected to an inner liner ring, and each of the two iron rings is rotatably connected to a protective ring, with the two protective rings respectively matching the two inner liner rings.

[0014] Preferably, both the upper and lower mounting rings are embedded with inner guide rings and outer guide rings, and both the upper and lower rotating frames are fixedly connected with insulating frames. Each of the two insulating frames is connected with an inner guide block and an outer guide block. The two inner guide blocks are electrically connected to the two electromagnets respectively, and the two outer guide blocks are electrically connected to the two electromagnets respectively. The two inner guide blocks are matched with the two inner guide rings respectively, and the two outer guide blocks are matched with the two outer guide rings respectively.

[0015] Preferably, both the upper and lower ends of the shell tube are fixedly connected to assembly flange rings, both end shells are fixedly connected to connecting flange rings, and the two connecting flange rings are respectively fixedly connected to the two assembly flange rings.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) In this invention, the main structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is formed by the cooperation of the heat exchange tube, the shell tube, the upper support plate and the lower support plate. This structure can realize the basic heat exchange function on the one hand, and provide an installation carrier for the cleaning function components and the synchronous drive structure on the other hand. While ensuring the heat exchange efficiency, it is convenient to complete the internal cleaning operation of the heat exchange tube.

[0018] (2) In this invention, by equipping the cleaning function component, multiple heat exchange tubes can be cleaned internally at the same time. The cleaning rod penetrates the interior of each heat exchange tube, enabling the cleaning operation of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. It occupies a small effective flow section inside the heat exchange tube and has little impact on the normal heat exchange condition of the heat exchange tube during the cleaning operation.

[0019] (3) In this invention, by designing a synchronous drive structure, an external magnetic drive method is used in conjunction with the cleaning function component to drive the cleaning rod to generate radial displacement and axial reciprocating jump inside the heat exchange tube, thereby realizing dynamic cleaning operation of the cleaning rod and effectively reducing the adhesion and accumulation of dirt and impurities on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention;

[0021] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0022] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the combination of the rotating frame, lifting frame, and electromagnet in this invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting ring of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention from another angle;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram showing a partial cross-section of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the assembly and disassembly of the rotating frame, permanent magnet, and drive rod of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooperation between the central tube, lower synchronizing frame, and synchronizing vertical shaft of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the synchronization vertical axis and eccentric axis of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the invention viewed from below.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a bottom angle;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating frame, inner conductor block, and outer conductor block of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 This describes a state in which the electromagnet of the present invention generates an electromagnetic field when energized.

[0035] Figure 16 This represents another state in which the electromagnet of the present invention generates an electromagnetic field when energized.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Heat exchanger tube; 2. Shell tube; 3. Upper support plate; 4. Lower support plate; 5. Medium inlet pipe; 6. Medium outlet pipe; 7. End shell; 8. Heat exchanger inlet pipe; 9. Heat exchanger outlet pipe; 10. Central tube; 11. Upper synchronization frame; 12. Lower synchronization frame; 13. Synchronization vertical shaft; 14. Cleaning rod; 15. Upper mounting ring; 16. Lower mounting ring; 17. Upper rotating frame; 18. Lower rotating frame; 19. Lifting frame; 20. Electromagnet; 21. Iron ring; 22. Variable frequency motor; 23. Circular groove; 24. 25. Circular column; 26. Connecting spring; 27. Insertion bracket; 28. Horizontal spring; 29. ​​Permanent magnet; 30. Drive rod; 31. Side slope groove; 32. Embedded block; 33. Threaded rod; 34. Synchronous shaft; 35. Driven gear; 36. Drive gear; 37. Drive gear ring; 38. Eccentric shaft; 39. Inner liner ring; 40. Protective ring; 41. Inner guide ring; 42. Outer guide ring; 43. Insulating bracket; 44. Inner guide block; 45. Outer guide block; 46. Assembly flange ring; 47. Connecting flange ring. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] For examples, please refer to Figures 1-16An easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes multiple heat exchange tubes 1, a shell tube 2, and a cleaning function component. An upper support plate 3 and a lower support plate 4 are fixedly connected inside the shell tube 2. The upper support plate 3 has multiple upper support holes, and the multiple heat exchange tubes 1 are respectively fixedly connected into the multiple upper support holes. The lower support plate 4 has multiple lower support holes, and the multiple heat exchange tubes 1 are respectively fixedly connected into the multiple lower support holes. A matching medium inlet pipe 5 and a medium outlet pipe 6 are connected externally to the shell tube 2. End shells 7 are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the shell tube 2. Both ends are fixedly connected with assembly flange rings 46, and both end shells 7 are fixedly connected with connecting flange rings 47. The two connecting flange rings 47 are respectively fixedly connected to the two assembly flange rings 46. The two end shells 7 are respectively provided with matching heat exchange inlet pipes 8 and heat exchange outlet pipes 9. Through the cooperation of heat exchange pipes 1, shell pipes 2, upper support plate frame 3 and lower support plate frame 4, the main structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is formed. This structure can realize the basic heat exchange function on the one hand, and provide an installation carrier for cleaning functional components and synchronous drive structure on the other hand, ensuring heat exchange efficiency. To facilitate the internal cleaning of the heat exchange tubes 1, the cleaning function components include a central tube 10, an upper synchronous frame 11, and a lower synchronous frame 12. The central tube 10 is fixedly connected between the upper support frame 3 and the lower support frame 4. A synchronous vertical shaft 13 is rotatably connected inside the central tube 10. Multiple cleaning rods 14 are fixedly connected between the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12, and the multiple cleaning rods 14 pass through multiple heat exchange tubes 1 respectively. Both the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12 are connected to the synchronous vertical shaft 13. Eccentric shafts 38 are fixedly connected to both ends of the synchronous vertical shaft 13. The shafts of the two eccentric shafts 38 are... The lines overlap, and both the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12 are provided with mounting holes. Two eccentric shafts 38 pass through the two mounting holes respectively. With the cleaning function components, multiple heat exchange tubes 1 can be cleaned internally simultaneously. The cleaning rod 14 penetrates the interior of each heat exchange tube 1 and can carry out the cleaning operation of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 1. It occupies a small effective flow section inside the heat exchange tube 1 and has little impact on the normal heat exchange condition of the heat exchange tube 1 during the cleaning operation. A synchronous drive structure is installed outside the shell tube 2. The synchronous drive structure is used for the synchronous drive of the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12.

[0039] It should be further explained that the synchronous drive structure includes an upper mounting ring 15 and a lower mounting ring 16. Both the upper mounting ring 15 and the lower mounting ring 16 are fixedly connected to the housing tube 2. The upper mounting ring 15 and the lower mounting ring 16 are respectively connected to an upper rotating frame 17 and a lower rotating frame 18. Both the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18 are slidably connected to a lifting frame 19. Electromagnets 20 are installed in both lifting frames 19. Each electromagnet 20 is equipped with an iron ring 21. The two iron rings 21 are fixedly connected to the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12, respectively. A variable frequency motor 22 is installed at the bottom of the upper mounting ring 15. A synchronous shaft 33 is rotatably connected between the upper mounting ring 15 and the lower mounting ring 16. A driven gear 34 and two transmission gears 3 are installed on the synchronous shaft 33. 5. A drive gear 36 is mounted on the output shaft of the variable frequency motor 22. The drive gear 36 meshes with the driven gear 34. Two transmission gears 35 are meshed and connected to a transmission gear ring 37. The two transmission gear rings 37 are fixedly connected to the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18, respectively. The variable frequency motor 22 is used to drive the rotation of the upper rotating frame 17 relative to the upper mounting ring 15 and the rotation of the lower rotating frame 18 relative to the lower mounting ring 16. Both lifting frames 19 are equipped with magnetic synchronous drive devices. Both lifting frames 19 have two circular slots 23. Both the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18 are fixedly connected to two circular columns 24. The four circular columns 24 are in sliding fit with the four circular slots 23, respectively. Both lifting frames 19 are fixedly connected to a connecting... Two connecting springs 25 are fixedly connected to the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18, respectively. Both magnetic synchronous drive devices include insertion frames 26, which are slidably engaged with two lifting frames 19. Each lifting frame 19 is fixedly connected to a horizontal spring 27, which is also fixedly connected to the two insertion frames 26. Permanent magnets 28 are installed inside each insertion frame 26, and each permanent magnet 28 is matched with a electromagnet 20. Two drive rods 29 are fixedly connected to each insertion frame 26. Side-sloping grooves 30 are formed on each of the four circular columns 24, and these grooves are adapted to the four drive rods 29. An embedding groove is formed inside the insertion frame 26, and an embedding block 31 is provided within the embedding groove. The insertion frame 26 is equipped with two threaded rods 32, and the embedding block 31 has two threaded holes. The two threaded rods 32 are threaded into the two threaded holes respectively. Through the design of the synchronous drive structure, an external magnetic drive method is adopted in conjunction with the cleaning function component to drive the cleaning rod 14 to generate radial displacement and axial reciprocating jump inside the heat exchange tube 1, realizing the dynamic cleaning operation of the cleaning rod 14, effectively reducing the adhesion and accumulation of dirt and impurities on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 1. Both end shells 7 are fixedly connected with inner lining rings 39, and both iron rings 21 are rotatably connected with protective rings 40. The two protective rings 40 are matched with the two inner lining rings 39 respectively, improving the protection effect between the end shells 7 and the iron rings 21 and reducing the relative wear and tear between them.Both the upper mounting ring 15 and the lower mounting ring 16 are embedded with inner guide rings 41 and outer guide rings 42. Both the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18 are fixedly connected to insulating frames 43. Each insulating frame 43 is connected to an inner guide block 44 and an outer guide block 45. The two inner guide blocks 44 are electrically connected to the two electromagnets 20, and the two outer guide blocks 45 are electrically connected to the two electromagnets 20. The two inner guide blocks 44 are matched with the two inner guide rings 41, and the two outer guide blocks 45 are matched with the two outer guide rings 42. When the electromagnets 20 rotate relative to the housing tube 2, normal energization of the electromagnets 20 is ensured. This design utilizes the magnetic drive coupling area between the electromagnets 20 and the iron ring 21. The heat exchanger area is concentrated at the end shell 7. Therefore, to ensure the overall feasibility of the solution, the end shell 7 should be made of a non-magnetic material with minimal magnetic attraction and magnetic shielding effect, while meeting normal heat exchange requirements. Simultaneously, the electromagnet 20 and the iron ring 21 adopt a large-diameter annular face-to-face coupling structure with a small gap between them. This gap is only required to cover the internal area of ​​the heat exchange tube 1 with the movement amplitude of the cleaning rod 14. This is near-field magnetic coupling, not long-distance penetrating drive. Furthermore, this application does not rely on static magnetic adsorption and tension for fixation. Small-scale magnetic field attenuation has minimal impact on the overall transmission effect of the iron ring 21, so it can operate stably under the power of a conventional industrial electromagnet 20.

[0040] In this embodiment, the electromagnet 20 and the variable frequency motor 22 are both commercially available conventional devices known to those skilled in the art. In this invention, we only use them without making any improvements to their structure and function. Their setting method, installation method and electrical connection method can be easily explained by those skilled in the art by following the instructions for use. Therefore, we will not elaborate on them here.

[0041] In summary, the working principle of this easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger is as follows: Before use, the power supply circuit for the variable frequency motor 22 is first installed. Then, a pulse intermittent energizing circuit is connected to the inner guide ring 41 and the outer guide ring 42. The two electromagnets 20 should be electromagnets with switchable polarity so that the electromagnets 20 can switch magnetic poles back and forth. The overall assembly of the equipment and the pipeline connection are completed. The heat exchange medium flows into the heat exchanger through the heat exchange inlet pipe 8 and is divided into multiple heat exchange tubes 1. The heat medium passing through the heat exchange tubes 1 finally completes the medium circulation and flows out through the heat exchange outlet pipe 9. Another set of heat exchange fluids enters the shell tube 2 through the medium inlet pipe 5 and interacts with the heat exchanger. The flow channels between heat pipes 1 eventually discharge from the medium discharge pipe 6. Hot and cold media exchange heat through the pipe walls of heat exchange pipes 1, achieving basic heat exchange functionality. During normal heat exchange operation, if the cleaning function components are in standby mode, the upper synchronous frame 11, lower synchronous frame 12, and cleaning rod 14 remain stationary. Due to the coordination of the synchronous vertical shaft 13 and the eccentric shaft 38, the upper synchronous frame 11 and lower synchronous frame 12 will always maintain a center offset relative to the central axis of the central tube 10. That is, the cleaning rod 14 is positioned close to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 1. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the cleaning rod 14 is small, it occupies a small portion of the interior space of the heat exchange pipe 1. With a very small flow cross-section, it will not interfere with the normal flow and heat exchange of the hot and cold media. Based on the usage requirements of heat exchange tube 1, it selectively supplies power to the external control system. Relying on the inner guide ring 41 and outer guide ring 42, which form stable conductive circuits with the inner guide block 44 and outer guide block 45 respectively, it supplies power to the two electromagnets 20. After being energized, the electromagnets 20 generate a stable magnetic force, forming a magnetic attraction with the corresponding iron ring 21, achieving a contactless magnetic connection between the electromagnets 20 and the iron ring 21. Subsequently, the variable frequency motor 22 is started. The output shaft of the variable frequency motor 22 drives the drive gear 36 to rotate. The drive gear 36, through gear meshing, drives the driven gear 34 and the synchronous shaft 3. 3. Synchronous rotation: During the operation of the synchronous shaft 33, it drives the two transmission gears 35 to rotate synchronously. The two transmission gears 35 mesh with each other to drive the corresponding transmission gear rings 37 to rotate, thereby driving the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18 to rotate around the axis of the housing tube 2. The electromagnet 20 is powered by a built-in annular dynamic-static separation slip ring conductive structure. The inner guide ring 41 and the outer guide ring 42 at the fixed end are both stationary, while the inner guide block 44 and the outer guide block 45 at the rotating end rotate. It is continuously conductive throughout the entire 360° range, forming a conductive structure without exposed power supply cables that follow the rotation. This avoids problems such as wires getting tangled in the pipes, rotation jamming, or line pulling interference, and can operate stably for a long time.

[0042] Furthermore, during the rotation of the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18, the two electromagnets 20 act on the two iron rings 21 respectively, causing the positions of the two iron rings 21 to change. Through the magnetic attraction between the electromagnets 20 and the iron rings 21, the rotational motion of the two lifting frames 19 can be synchronously transmitted to the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12. Under the limiting and guiding action of the synchronous vertical shaft 13 and the eccentric shafts 38 at both ends, the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12 perform eccentric oscillating motion around the central axis of the central tube 10, thereby driving the multiple cleaning rods 14 fixed between the upper synchronous frame 11 and the lower synchronous frame 12 to move synchronously. The two electromagnets 20 generate an electromagnetic field when energized. In this state, the electromagnet 20 will act on the two permanent magnets 28 respectively. Therefore, when the electromagnet 20 magnetically attracts the permanent magnet 28, the insertion frame 26 will be further inserted relative to the lifting frame 19 into which it is inserted. Conversely, when the electromagnet 20 magnetically repels the permanent magnet 28, the insertion frame 26 will be further withdrawn relative to the lifting frame 19 into which it is inserted. During the insertion and withdrawal of the insertion frame 26, the side slope groove 30 and the drive rod 29 are pressed together, and the elastic extension and contraction of the connecting spring 25 are coordinated to realize the axial lifting and lowering movement of the two lifting frames 19 relative to the upper rotating frame 17 and the lower rotating frame 18 respectively. During this lifting and lowering movement, the electromagnet 20 will be driven to form a synchronous lifting and lowering movement, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 15 and attached Figure 16 The diagram shows the magnetic pole pairing of the two electromagnets 20. By using a pulsed intermittent energizing scheme, the magnetic poles at both ends of the two electromagnets 20 are self-attached. Figure 15 and attached Figure 16 Switching between the indicated states allows for coordinated height changes of the two electromagnets 20, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 15 The upward-pointing arrow indicates that the two electromagnets 20 are rising synchronously. The attached arrow... Figure 16 The downward direction of the arrow indicates that the two electromagnets 20 are lowering synchronously. The height change of the two electromagnets 20 will synchronously drive the two iron rings 21 to change in height, ultimately enabling the cleaning rod 14 to simultaneously perform a composite cleaning action of circumferential rotational scraping and axial reciprocating flushing inside the heat exchange tube 1. The cleaning action is richer and the cleaning coverage is more comprehensive. Throughout the cleaning operation, an external magnetic non-contact drive is used. All electric drive components are arranged on the outside of the shell tube 2 and do not contact the internal heat exchange medium, which has little impact on the sealing effect and pressure bearing capacity of the shell tube 2. In the axial lifting and lowering movement, the magnetic force is only used to complete the triggering action of the insertion frame 26. The lifting stroke is determined by the slope of the mechanical side slope groove 30. The lifting power mainly comes from the mechanical component of the slope and the energy release of the connecting spring 25. It is less affected by the attenuation of magnetic force with distance. The working range will always be controlled within the effective range of magnetic force to ensure the stability and reliability of the action.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of heat exchange tubes (1), characterized in that, It also includes a shell tube (2) and a cleaning function component. An upper support plate (3) and a lower support plate (4) are fixedly connected inside the shell tube (2). The upper support plate (3) has multiple upper support holes, and multiple heat exchange tubes (1) are fixedly connected in the multiple upper support holes respectively. The lower support plate (4) has multiple lower support holes, and multiple heat exchange tubes (1) are fixedly connected in the multiple lower support holes respectively. The shell tube (2) is externally connected with a matching medium inlet pipe (5) and a medium outlet pipe (6). Both ends of the shell tube (2) are equipped with end shells (7). The two end shells (7) are respectively provided with matching heat exchange inlet pipes (8) and heat exchange outlet pipes (9). The cleaning function component includes a central tube (10), an upper synchronous frame (11), and a lower synchronous frame (12). The central tube (10) A synchronous vertical shaft (13) is rotatably connected inside the central tube (10) between the upper support plate (3) and the lower support plate (4). Multiple cleaning rods (14) are fixedly connected between the upper synchronous frame (11) and the lower synchronous frame (12). The multiple cleaning rods (14) pass through multiple heat exchange tubes (1) respectively. The upper synchronous frame (11) and the lower synchronous frame (12) are both connected to the synchronous vertical shaft (13). A synchronous drive structure is installed outside the shell tube (2). The synchronous drive structure is used for the synchronous drive of the upper synchronous frame (11) and the lower synchronous frame (12). Eccentric shafts (38) are fixedly connected to both ends of the synchronous vertical shaft (13). The axes of the two eccentric shafts (38) coincide. The upper synchronous frame (11) and the lower synchronous frame (12) are both provided with mounting holes. The two eccentric shafts (38) pass through the two mounting holes respectively. The synchronous drive structure includes an upper mounting ring (15) and a lower mounting ring (16). Both the upper mounting ring (15) and the lower mounting ring (16) are fixedly connected to the housing tube (2). The upper mounting ring (15) and the lower mounting ring (16) are respectively connected to an upper rotating frame (17) and a lower rotating frame (18). Both the upper rotating frame (17) and the lower rotating frame (18) are slidably connected to lifting frames (19). Electromagnets (20) are installed in both lifting frames (19). Each magnet (20) is equipped with an iron ring (21). The two iron rings (21) are fixedly connected to the upper synchronous frame (11) and the lower synchronous frame (12) respectively. A variable frequency motor (22) is installed at the bottom of the upper mounting ring (15). The variable frequency motor (22) is used to drive the rotation of the upper rotating frame (17) relative to the upper mounting ring (15) and the rotation of the lower rotating frame (18) relative to the lower mounting ring (16). Both lifting frames (19) are equipped with magnetic synchronous drive devices.

2. The easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both of the lifting frames (19) have two circular slots (23). The upper rotating frame (17) and the lower rotating frame (18) are fixedly connected to two circular columns (24). The four circular columns (24) are in sliding fit with the four circular slots (23). Both lifting frames (19) are fixedly connected to connecting springs (25). The two connecting springs (25) are fixedly connected to the upper rotating frame (17) and the lower rotating frame (18) respectively.

3. The easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both of the magnetic synchronous drive devices include an insertion frame (26), which is slidably engaged with two lifting frames (19). Both lifting frames (19) are fixedly connected with horizontal springs (27), which are fixedly connected to the two insertion frames (26). Both insertion frames (26) are equipped with permanent magnets (28), which are matched with two electromagnets (20). Both insertion frames (26) are fixedly connected with two drive rods (29). The four circular columns (24) are provided with side slope grooves (30), which are adapted to the four drive rods (29).

4. The easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insertion frame (26) has an embedding groove, and an embedding block (31) is provided in the embedding groove. The insertion frame (26) has two threaded rods (32), and the embedding block (31) has two threaded holes. The two threaded rods (32) are respectively threaded into the two threaded holes.

5. The easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, A synchronous shaft (33) is rotatably connected between the upper mounting ring (15) and the lower mounting ring (16). A driven gear (34) and two transmission gears (35) are mounted on the synchronous shaft (33). A drive gear (36) is mounted on the output shaft of the variable frequency motor (22). The drive gear (36) meshes with the driven gear (34). Both transmission gears (35) are meshed and connected to a transmission gear ring (37). The two transmission gear rings (37) are fixedly connected to the upper rotating frame (17) and the lower rotating frame (18) respectively.

6. The easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both end shells (7) are fixedly connected with inner lining rings (39), and both iron rings (21) are rotatably connected with protective rings (40). The two protective rings (40) are respectively matched with the two inner lining rings (39).

7. The easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper mounting ring (15) and the lower mounting ring (16) are each embedded with an inner guide ring (41) and an outer guide ring (42). The upper rotating frame (17) and the lower rotating frame (18) are each fixedly connected with an insulating frame (43). The two insulating frames (43) are each connected with an inner guide block (44) and an outer guide block (45). The two inner guide blocks (44) are electrically connected to the two electromagnets (20) respectively. The two outer guide blocks (45) are electrically connected to the two electromagnets (20) respectively. The two inner guide blocks (44) are matched with the two inner guide rings (41) respectively. The two outer guide blocks (45) are matched with the two outer guide rings (42) respectively.

8. The easy-to-clean shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the shell tube (2) are fixedly connected with assembly flange rings (46), and the two end shells (7) are fixedly connected with connecting flange rings (47). The two connecting flange rings (47) are respectively fixedly connected to the two assembly flange rings (46).

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