A gantry frame machine tool beam deflection deformation pre-pressing device and working method

Abstract

The present application relates to machine tool beam guide rail processing technical field, especially to a gantry frame machine tool beam deflection deformation pre-pressing device and working method. The device includes support fixed assembly, load transmission assembly and several measurement assemblies. The support fixed assembly contains support column and lateral fixed bending plate fixed with the beam; the load transmission assembly contains transition bracket, sliding seat, pressing plate and hydraulic jack, one end of the transition bracket is fixedly connected with the sliding seat, the other end is connected with the support column through the hydraulic jack, the sliding seat is attached to the beam guide rail surface through the adjusting pad and is locked by the pressing plate; the measurement assembly contains measurement base and micrometer, which are arranged uniformly and spaced apart along the bottom of the beam. The gantry frame machine tool beam deflection deformation pre-pressing device and working method provided by the present application can simulate the real loaded state, directly obtain objective deformation data, replace the traditional experience judgment, provide the basis for reverse deformation processing, effectively solve the problems of inaccurate reverse deformation, poor precision stability and repeated repair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool beam guide rail processing technology, and in particular to a pre-stressing device and working method for the deflection deformation of a gantry frame machine tool beam. Background Technology

[0002] Gantry milling machines are core equipment in the field of heavy machinery processing, widely used in the processing of large parts in industries such as aerospace, shipbuilding, and energy equipment. As a key load-bearing component of the gantry milling machine, the geometric accuracy of its guideways directly affects the overall accuracy of the machine tool.

[0003] In actual production, the crossbeam is affected by various factors such as its own structural weight, material properties, load-bearing capacity, tool holder structure, guide rail type, and cavity bending section design. After assembly, it inevitably undergoes vertical downward plastic or elastic bending deformation, i.e., flexural deformation. This deformation leads to instability in the straightness of the crossbeam base guide rail, which in turn causes the machine tool's geometric accuracy to exceed tolerances, seriously affecting the machining quality.

[0004] To counteract this deformation, the industry currently employs a pre-processing anti-deformation technique. This involves pre-machining an upward-facing convex shape during the beam guide rail manufacturing process, hoping that the weight of components such as the tool holder will compensate for the deformation during subsequent assembly. However, existing methods for determining the amount of anti-deformation machining heavily rely on empirical values ​​and lack systematic and standardized data support. Specifically, beams with different materials, structures, load-bearing conditions, and stress-relief methods exhibit significantly different actual deformation patterns, making it difficult for traditional empirical methods to accurately match the actual deformation requirements of various beam models.

[0005] Existing technology employs a process mode of "experience-based reverse deformation processing + complete machine assembly re-inspection + repeated rework verification." After the complete machine is assembled, the geometric accuracy is re-inspected. If deviations are found, it is necessary to repeatedly disassemble the crossbeam, refining the slide, adjusting the horizontal screw and wedge, etc., until the accuracy is qualified. This process relies on repeated disassembly, rework, assembly, and re-inspection, which is complicated, involves a large amount of secondary assembly work, seriously wastes manpower and resources, prolongs the machine tool assembly cycle, and increases manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved This invention provides a pre-stressing device and working method for the flexural deformation of the crossbeam of a gantry frame machine tool, in order to overcome the problems of inaccurate crossbeam anti-deformation processing, repeated rework and assembly, and poor precision stability caused by the lack of systematic data support in the existing technology.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a pre-stressing device for the flexural deformation of a gantry frame machine tool crossbeam, comprising: a support and fixing assembly, a load transfer assembly, and several measuring assemblies; The support and fixing assembly includes: a support column and two lateral fixing plates, wherein the support column and the lateral fixing plates are arranged opposite to each other, and the lateral fixing plates are fixedly connected to the crossbeam; A load transfer assembly is provided between the supporting column and the crossbeam; The load transfer assembly includes: a transition bracket, a slide block, and two pressure plates. The two pressure plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide block. The transition bracket is bolted to one end of the slide block. A hydraulic jack is provided between the transition bracket and the support column. An adjusting pad is provided between the slide block and the crossbeam; Several measuring components are evenly spaced along the length of the lower end of the crossbeam.

[0008] Preferably, the slide block has a rectangular structure, and several pressure plate mounting holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide block. The pressure plate mounting holes are used to install pressure plates. The pressure plates have an L-shaped structure, with one end of the pressure plate connected to the pressure plate mounting hole and the other end pressed against the guide rail surface of the crossbeam.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting pad has a rectangular structure, and the adjusting pad is detachably connected to the slide block. The adjusting pad is used to fill the gap between the slide block and the crossbeam.

[0010] Preferably, the supporting column includes a lower supporting column and an upper supporting column, which are arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] Preferably, the transition support includes: a connecting plate and a bearing plate, the connecting plate and the bearing plate being arranged perpendicular to each other, the connecting plate being used to connect the slide, the hydraulic jack being disposed between the bearing plate and the upper support column, and a plurality of side support plates being fixedly connected between the connecting plate and the bearing plate.

[0012] Preferably, the lateral fixed bending plate includes: a base plate, a side plate, and a vertical plate; The upright plate and the base plate are arranged perpendicular to each other. Several side plates are provided between the upright plate and the base plate. The side plates are right-angled triangular structures, and the two right-angled sides of the side plates are fixedly connected to the upright plate and the base plate respectively. The upright plate is used to fix and connect the crossbeam.

[0013] Preferably, the measuring component includes a dial indicator and a measuring base, wherein the dial indicator is disposed on the upper end of the measuring base, and the measuring end of the dial indicator is disposed close to the lower surface of the crossbeam.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for operating a pre-stressing device for the deflection deformation of a gantry frame machine tool crossbeam, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Set the support column and the lateral fixing plate opposite each other and fix them on the ground channel iron. Adjust the distance between the two lateral fixing plates according to the length of the crossbeam. Hoist the crossbeam to the lateral fixing plate and fix the crossbeam to the lateral fixing plate. Step S2: Select an adjustment pad of appropriate thickness according to the height of the crossbeam, install the adjustment pad between the slide and the crossbeam, so that the guide rail surfaces of the slide and the crossbeam are completely in contact, press and fix the slide by the pressure plate, connect one end of the transition bracket to the slide bolt, and install the hydraulic jack between the bearing plate of the transition bracket and the upper support column of the support column. Step S3: Place several measuring bases independently under the crossbeam, install the dial indicator on the upper end of the measuring base, and adjust the dial indicator so that its measuring end is in close contact with the lower surface of the crossbeam. Step S4: Calculate and set the pressure of the hydraulic jack based on the theoretical stress value under the actual working conditions of the crossbeam, start the hydraulic jack to apply pre-pressure to the transition support, and collect the deformation data of each measuring point on the lower surface of the crossbeam in real time through the dial indicator. Step S5: Record the initial readings of each dial gauge before pressure is applied and the stable readings of each dial gauge after pressure is applied. Calculate the reading difference at each measurement point to obtain the final value of the deflection deformation of the beam under simulated actual working conditions.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides a pre-stressing device and working method for the flexural deformation of the crossbeam of a gantry frame machine tool. It can realize the pre-stressing detection device that simulates the actual working conditions by coordinating the support and fixing components, load transfer components and measuring components. It solves the problems of inaccurate anti-deformation amount, poor accuracy and stability and repeated rework caused by traditional experience-based processing. By simulating the stress load of the crossbeam under actual working conditions through load transfer components and hydraulic jacks, and combining several measuring components evenly arranged at the lower end of the crossbeam to collect deformation data in real time, the flexural deformation values ​​under different stress states can be directly obtained, providing objective and systematic data support for reverse deformation processing, replacing the traditional subjective judgment that relies on experience and improving the accuracy of deformation prediction. The support and fixing component constrains the crossbeam through a lateral fixing bending plate. In the load transfer component, the slide block fits against the adjusting pad and the crossbeam through a pressure plate, ensuring that the load is evenly transferred and there is no relative displacement during the force application process, avoiding crossbeam offset or instability, and ensuring the authenticity and consistency of deformation data collection. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of a pre-stressing device for the flexural deformation of a crossbeam in a gantry frame machine tool according to the present invention. Figure 2This diagram shows a side view of a pre-stressing device for the flexural deformation of a crossbeam of a gantry frame machine tool according to the present invention. Figure 3 This diagram shows an isometric view of a gantry frame machine tool crossbeam deflection preloading device according to the present invention; Figure 4 This diagram illustrates a load transfer component of a preloading device for the flexural deformation of a gantry frame machine tool beam according to the present invention. Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the lateral fixed bending plate structure of a pre-stressing device for the flexural deformation of a gantry frame machine tool crossbeam according to the present invention. Figure 6 This diagram shows a supporting column structure for a gantry frame machine tool crossbeam flexural deformation preloading device according to the present invention; Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the workflow of a pre-stressing device for the flexural deformation of a gantry frame machine tool beam according to the present invention.

[0017] Among them: 1: support column; 11: lower support column; 12: upper support column; 2: transition bracket; 3: hydraulic jack; 4: slide block; 5: pressure plate; 6: lateral fixing bend plate; 61: base plate; 62: side plate; 63: upright plate; 7: adjusting pad; 8: dial indicator; 9: measuring base; 10: crossbeam. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it is necessary to understand that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," and "bottom" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are intended only to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the components referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a pre-stressing device for the flexural deformation of a gantry frame machine tool crossbeam, comprising: a support and fixing component, a load transfer component, and several measuring components; The support and fixing assembly includes: a support column 1 and two lateral fixing plates 6. The support column 1 and the lateral fixing plates 6 are arranged opposite to each other so that the bottom of the crossbeam 10 is supported when it is subjected to vertical load. The support column 1 includes: a lower support column 11 and an upper support column 12. The lower support column 11 and the upper support column 12 are arranged opposite to each other. The support column 1 serves as the load-bearing core of the device and can maintain its own structural stability when the hydraulic jack 3 applies a large load, thus avoiding load transmission path deviation or measurement data distortion caused by column deformation. The two lateral fixed bending plates 6 are symmetrically connected to the crossbeam 10 in pairs. The lateral fixed bending plate 6 includes a base plate 61, a side plate 62, and a vertical plate 63. The vertical plate 63 is perpendicular to the base plate 61. Several side plates 62 are provided between the vertical plate 63 and the base plate 61. The side plate 62 has a right-angled triangular structure. The two right-angled sides of the side plate 62 are respectively fixed to the vertical plate 63 and the base plate 61. The vertical plate 63 is fixed to the screw holes on the back side of the crossbeam 10. The base plate 61 is used to fix to the ground channel iron. The right-angled triangular structure of the side plate 62 enhances the anti-lateral overturning ability of the lateral fixed bending plate 6 and prevents the crossbeam from undergoing lateral displacement or torsion under eccentric load or asymmetrical force conditions.

[0021] A load transfer assembly is provided between the support column 1 and the crossbeam 10; The load transfer assembly includes: a transition bracket 2, a slide block 4, and two pressure plates 5. The two pressure plates 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide block 4. The transition bracket 2 is bolted to one end of the slide block 4. A hydraulic jack 3 is provided between the transition bracket 2 and the support column 1. The transition bracket 2 includes: a connecting plate and a bearing plate. The connecting plate and the bearing plate are arranged perpendicular to each other. The connecting plate is used to connect the slide block 4. The hydraulic jack 3 is located between the bearing plate and the upper support column 12. The hydraulic jack 3 is an active force-applying element and can adjust the pressure according to the theoretical force value under the actual working conditions of the crossbeam. The jack has pressure locking and reading functions and can maintain a set load for a long time. Stable output meets the time stability requirements of static deformation measurement. Several side support plates are fixedly connected between the connecting plate and the bearing plate to enhance bending stiffness. An adjustment pad 7 is provided between the slide 4 and the crossbeam 10. The adjustment pad 7 has a rectangular structure and is detachably connected to the slide 4. The adjustment pad 7 is used to fill the gap between the slide 4 and the crossbeam 10. In actual operation, the adjustment pad 7 can be selected according to the actual gap between the bottom surface of the slide and the guide rail surface of the crossbeam. The adjustment pad 7 eliminates the problem of uneven contact caused by differences in crossbeam structure or processing errors, ensuring the continuity of load transmission path and the consistency of contact stiffness. The slide block 4 has a rectangular structure, and several pressure plate mounting holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide block 4. The pressure plate mounting holes are used to install the pressure plate 5. The pressure plate 5 has an L-shaped structure. One end of the long side of the pressure plate 5 is connected to the pressure plate mounting hole, and the other end of the short side is pressed against the guide rail surface of the crossbeam 10, so that the load of the hydraulic jack 3 is always perpendicular to the guide rail surface during the vertical loading process.

[0022] Several measuring components are evenly spaced along the length of the lower end of the crossbeam 10. The measuring components include a dial indicator 8 and a measuring base 9. The dial indicator 8 is located on the upper end of the measuring base 9. The measuring end of the dial indicator 8 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the crossbeam. During the preload process, the dial indicator 8 records the vertical displacement change of the crossbeam in real time, forming a complete deflection curve.

[0023] like Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for operating a pre-stressing device for the flexural deformation of a gantry frame machine tool crossbeam, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Set the support column 1 and the lateral fixing plate 6 opposite to each other and fix them on the ground channel iron. Adjust the distance between the two lateral fixing plates 6 according to the length of the crossbeam 10. Hoist the crossbeam 10 to the lateral fixing plate 6 so that the crossbeam 10 and the lateral fixing plate 6 are fixedly connected. Step S2: Select an adjustment pad 7 of appropriate thickness according to the height of the crossbeam 10, install the adjustment pad 7 between the slide 4 and the crossbeam 10, so that the guide rail surface of the slide 4 and the crossbeam 10 are completely in contact, press and fix the slide 4 by the pressure plate 5, bolt one end of the transition bracket 2 to the slide 4, and install the hydraulic jack 3 between the bearing plate of the transition bracket 2 and the upper support column 12 of the support column 1. Step S3: Place several measuring bases 9 independently under the crossbeam 10, install the dial indicator 8 on the upper end of the measuring base 9, and adjust the dial indicator 8 so that its measuring end is in close contact with the lower surface of the crossbeam 10. Step S4: Calculate and set the pressure of hydraulic jack 3 according to the theoretical stress value under actual working conditions of crossbeam 10, start hydraulic jack 3 to apply pre-pressure to transition support 2, and collect deformation data of each measuring point on the lower surface of crossbeam 10 in real time through dial gauge 8. Step S5: Record the initial readings of each dial gauge 8 before pressure is applied and the stable readings of each dial gauge 8 after pressure is applied. Calculate the reading difference at each measurement point to obtain the final value of the deflection deformation of the beam 10 under simulated actual working conditions.

[0024] It is understood that the various embodiments mentioned above in this invention can be combined with each other to form combined embodiments without violating the principle and logic. Due to space limitations, this invention will not elaborate further.

[0025] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in the above-described method of the specific implementation, the order in which each step is written does not imply a strict execution order and does not constitute any limitation on the implementation process. The specific execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic.

[0026] The present invention provides a pre-stressing device and working method for the flexural deformation of the crossbeam of a gantry frame machine tool. Through the coordinated cooperation of the support and fixing components, the load transfer components and the measuring components, a pre-stressing detection device simulating actual working conditions is constructed, which solves the problems of inaccurate anti-deformation amount, poor accuracy and stability and repeated rework caused by traditional experience-based processing. By simulating the stress load of the crossbeam 10 under actual working conditions through the load transfer component and the hydraulic jack 3, and by collecting deformation data in real time through several measuring components evenly arranged at the lower end of the crossbeam 10, the flexural deformation values ​​under different stress states can be directly obtained, providing objective and systematic data support for reverse deformation processing, and improving the accuracy of deformation prediction by replacing the traditional subjective judgment that relies on experience. The support and fixing assembly constrains the crossbeam 10 through the lateral fixing bending plate 6. In the load transfer assembly, the slide 4 is in contact with the adjusting pad 7 and the crossbeam 10 through the pressure plate 5, ensuring that the load is evenly transferred and there is no relative displacement during the force application process, avoiding the crossbeam 10 from shifting or becoming unstable, and ensuring the authenticity and consistency of deformation data collection.

[0027] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A pre-stressing device for the deflection deformation of the crossbeam of a gantry frame machine tool, characterized in that, include: Supports the fixing components, load transfer components, and several measuring components; The support and fixing assembly includes: a support column (1) and two lateral fixing plates (6), the support column (1) and the lateral fixing plates (6) are arranged opposite to each other, and the lateral fixing plates (6) are fixedly connected to the crossbeam (10); A load transfer assembly is provided between the supporting column (1) and the crossbeam (10); The load transfer assembly includes: a transition bracket (2), a slide (4) and two pressure plates (5). The two pressure plates (5) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide (4). The transition bracket (2) is bolted to one end of the slide (4). A hydraulic jack (3) is provided between the transition bracket (2) and the support column (1). An adjusting pad (7) is provided between the slide (4) and the crossbeam (10); Several measuring components are evenly spaced along the length of the lower end of the crossbeam (10).

2. The gantry frame machine tool crossbeam deflection preloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide (4) is a rectangular structure. Several pressure plate mounting holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slide (4). The pressure plate mounting holes are used to install pressure plates (5). The pressure plates (5) are L-shaped structures. One end of the pressure plate (5) is connected to the pressure plate mounting hole, and the other end is pressed against the guide rail surface of the crossbeam (10).

3. The gantry frame machine tool crossbeam deflection preloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting pad (7) has a rectangular structure and is detachably connected to the slide (4). The adjusting pad (7) is used to fill the gap between the slide (4) and the crossbeam (10).

4. The gantry frame machine tool crossbeam deflection preloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting column (1) includes a lower supporting column (11) and an upper supporting column (12), wherein the lower supporting column (11) and the upper supporting column (12) are arranged opposite to each other.

5. The gantry frame machine tool crossbeam deflection preloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transition support (2) includes a connecting plate and a bearing plate, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other. The connecting plate is used to connect the slide (4). The hydraulic jack (3) is located between the bearing plate and the upper support column (12). Several side support plates are fixedly connected between the connecting plate and the bearing plate.

6. The pre-stressing device for the deflection deformation of the crossbeam of a gantry frame machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral fixed bending plate (6) includes: a bottom plate (61), a side plate (62), and a vertical plate (63); The upright plate (63) and the base plate (61) are arranged perpendicularly to each other. A number of side plates (62) are provided between the upright plate (63) and the base plate (61). The side plates (62) are right-angled triangles, and the two right-angled sides of the side plates (62) are fixedly connected to the upright plate (63) and the base plate (61) respectively. The upright plate (63) is used to fix the crossbeam (10).

7. The gantry frame machine tool crossbeam deflection preloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring component includes a dial indicator (8) and a measuring base (9). The dial indicator (8) is located on the upper end of the measuring base (9), and the measuring end of the dial indicator (8) is attached to the lower surface of the crossbeam (10).

8. The working method of the pre-stressing device for the deflection deformation of the crossbeam of a gantry frame machine tool according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Set the support column (1) and the lateral fixing plate (6) opposite to each other and fix them on the ground channel iron. Adjust the distance between the two lateral fixing plates (6) according to the length of the crossbeam (10). Hoist the crossbeam (10) to the lateral fixing plate (6) so that the crossbeam (10) and the lateral fixing plate (6) are fixedly connected. Step S2: Select an adjustment pad (7) of appropriate thickness according to the height of the crossbeam (10), install the adjustment pad (7) between the slide (4) and the crossbeam (10), so that the guide rail surface of the slide (4) and the crossbeam (10) are completely in contact, press and fix the slide (4) by the pressure plate (5), bolt one end of the transition bracket (2) to the slide (4), and install the hydraulic jack (3) between the bearing plate of the transition bracket (2) and the upper support column (12) of the support column (1); Step S3: Place several measuring bases (9) independently under the crossbeam (10), install the dial indicator (8) on the upper end of the measuring base (9), and adjust the dial indicator (8) so that its measuring end is in close contact with the lower surface of the crossbeam (10); Step S4: Calculate and set the pressure of the hydraulic jack (3) according to the theoretical stress value under the actual working conditions of the crossbeam (10), start the hydraulic jack (3) to apply pre-pressure to the transition support (2), and collect the deformation data of each measuring point on the lower surface of the crossbeam (10) in real time through the dial gauge (8). Step S5: Record the initial readings of each dial gauge (8) before pressure is applied and the stable readings of each dial gauge (8) after pressure is applied. Calculate the difference in readings at each measurement point to obtain the final value of the deflection deformation of the beam (10) under simulated actual working conditions.

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