Self-maintaining fire alarm controller and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fire alarm, in particular to a self-maintenance fire alarm controller, which comprises a machine case, a PCB circuit board and a button circuit board are installed in the machine case, a function cavity is arranged in the machine case, a detection assembly and a self-maintenance assembly are installed in the function cavity, the detection assembly, the button circuit board and the self-maintenance assembly are electrically connected with the PCB circuit board; the PCB circuit board is used for receiving detection signals of the detection assembly and outputting alarm signals, and the PCB circuit board is also used for receiving alarm signals of external equipment and carrying out linkage control output. The temperature change of a light source emitter is in real time sensed by using a temperature sensing trigger unit, when the radiation heat is reduced due to the pollution of a light transmission window, a cleaning execution unit is automatically triggered to clean the light transmission window, and the problems that the built-in photoelectric detection cavity of an existing fire alarm controller is easily polluted by dust on the light transmission window, the detection reliability is reduced, and the fire alarm controller needs to be regularly maintained by manual work are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire alarm, and in particular to a self-maintenance fire alarm controller and method. Background Art

[0002] The fire alarm controller is the core equipment of the building fire protection system, which is widely used in places such as power distribution rooms, data machine rooms, and industrial workshops, and undertakes the core functions of receiving alarm signals from on-site detectors and outputting linkage control instructions. These application places generally have the environmental characteristics of high dust concentration and low air cleanliness, which put forward higher requirements for real-time monitoring of smoke and dust concentration inside the chassis. To this end, some fire alarm controllers integrate a photoelectric detection cavity inside the chassis. By continuously introducing sampled gas from the inside of the chassis into the cavity, the cooperation of the light source emitter and the light receiver is used to realize real-time detection of the smoke and dust concentration in the cavity. Once an abnormality is detected, an alarm output can be triggered, thereby providing a local self-inspection means for the installation environment where the chassis is located in addition to the alarm of the external fire detector.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN106781338B discloses an optical self-inspection linear beam smoke fire detector and an on-site self-detection method. The detector of this patent includes an infrared light-emitting tube, an infrared light-receiving tube and an electronically controlled dimming self-inspection circuit. By adjusting the power supply voltage of the infrared light-emitting tube, the output light intensity is reduced to 55% of the normal state to simulate the attenuation effect of smoke on the optical path, and then the supporting fire alarm controller sends a self-inspection instruction to the detector through a communication protocol. The detector judges whether the self-inspection is successful according to the light receiving signal and feeds back the result to the controller. This scheme realizes convenient on-site verification of the fire detection sensitivity of the linear beam smoke detector, and effectively solves the problem of difficult manual detection of such detectors in large-space buildings caused by high installation positions and large spans.

[0004] However, in the scheme disclosed in the above patent, the photoelectric detection cavity is in an open sampling environment for a long time, and the light-transmitting window of the optical components in the cavity will be gradually polluted by dust with the increase of service time, resulting in a decrease in the optical path transmission efficiency. This pollution problem cannot be handled autonomously without manual intervention, and the long-term reliability of the equipment needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to propose a self-maintaining fire alarm controller and a method for using the same. By arranging a functional cavity in the chassis, and integrating a detection component and a self-maintaining component in the functional cavity, a temperature-sensitive trigger unit is used to sense the temperature change of the light source emitter in real time, and when the transparent window is contaminated resulting in reduced radiant heat, the cleaning execution unit is automatically triggered to clean the transparent window, realizing continuous maintenance of the device's own photoelectric detection cavity without human intervention, effectively ensuring the long-term stability of the photoelectric detection performance, and solving the problems that the built-in photoelectric detection cavity of the existing fire alarm controller is prone to reduced detection reliability due to dust accumulation and contamination on the transparent window, and relies on regular manual maintenance.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A self-maintaining fire alarm controller comprises a chassis, a PCB circuit board and a button circuit board are installed in the chassis, a functional cavity is arranged in the chassis, a detection component and a self-maintaining component are installed in the functional cavity, and the detection component, the button circuit board and the self-maintaining component are all electrically connected with the PCB circuit board; the PCB circuit board is configured to receive the detection signal of the detection component and output an alarm signal, and the PCB circuit board is further configured to receive an alarm signal from an external device and perform linkage control output; The detection component comprises a light source emitter arranged on the side wall of the functional cavity, a light reflection unit located on the irradiation path of the light source emitter, and a light receiver for receiving the light reflected by the light reflection unit, and both the light source emitter and the light receiver are electrically connected with the PCB circuit board; the self-maintaining component comprises a temperature-sensitive trigger unit and a cleaning execution unit, the temperature-sensitive trigger unit is configured to respond to the temperature change of the light source emitter and trigger the cleaning execution unit to act, and the cleaning execution unit is configured to clean the transparent windows of the light source emitter and the light receiver.

[0007] Further, the temperature-sensitive trigger unit comprises a bimetallic strip with one end fixed on the inner wall of the functional cavity, the bimetallic strip is located on one side of the transparent window of the light source emitter, and the other end of the bimetallic strip extends to one end of the transparent window for irradiation temperature sensing; a telescopic rod is arranged below the end of the bimetallic strip, a trigger button is mounted on the telescopic rod, and when the bimetallic strip deforms due to temperature sensing, the end thereof presses the trigger button to drive the cleaning execution unit to act.

[0008] Furthermore, the cleaning execution unit includes a first screw and a second screw rotatably connected to the side wall of the functional cavity. A driving bevel gear is fixed to the first screw, which meshes with a driven bevel gear, which is fixed to the second screw. Both the first and second screws are horizontally positioned within the functional cavity and are perpendicular to each other. The first screw is located above the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter, and the second screw is located above the light-transmitting window of the light receiver. A motor is provided outside the functional cavity, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the first screw. Both the first screw and the second screw are provided with limiting frames below them. The first screw is threaded with a first wiping component, and the second screw is threaded with a second wiping component. The first wiping component and the second wiping component are both vertically limited by the corresponding limiting frames, so that the first wiping component can reciprocate to wipe the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter, and the second wiping component can reciprocate to wipe the light-transmitting window of the light receiver.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the bimetallic strip is 0.3-0.6 mm, the light source emitter is an LED lamp or an ultraviolet lamp, and the light receiver is a photoelectric sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the chassis is provided with a sampling port, which is connected to an air chamber via a flexible hose. The air outlet of the air chamber is connected to a functional cavity via a flexible hose. The air outlet of the functional cavity is connected to the outside of the chassis. A fan is installed inside the air chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first and second wiping components are provided with wiping layers, and the wiping layers are arranged opposite to the light-transmitting windows of their corresponding light source emitters and light receivers. Both sides of the wiping layers are provided with guide slopes.

[0012] Furthermore, the PCB circuit board is also equipped with a counting module and a communication module. The counting module is used to count the number of times the cleaning execution unit is triggered. When the number of triggers exceeds a preset threshold within a unit time, the PCB circuit board outputs a severe environmental warning signal. The communication module is used to upload cleaning status information to an external system each time the cleaning execution unit performs an action.

[0013] Furthermore, the button circuit board is provided with a button, the chassis is provided with a cover, the chassis is also provided with a display circuit board, the display circuit board is provided with a display screen, the display circuit board and the button circuit board are both embedded in the cover, and the display circuit board is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board.

[0014] This invention also claims protection for a method of using the aforementioned self-maintenance fire alarm controller, comprising the following steps: S1. After the device is started, the fan continuously inputs sampling gas into the functional cavity. After the sampling gas flows through the functional cavity, it is discharged from the outlet. The light emitted by the light source emitter is reflected by the reflector unit and received by the light receiver. The PCB circuit board judges the environmental state of the sampling gas flowing through the functional cavity according to the detection signal of the light receiver, and outputs an alarm signal when an abnormality is detected. At the same time, the light source emitter begins to continuously irradiate, and the bimetallic strip bends and deforms due to the radiant heat from the light source emitter. The telescopic rod then extends, sending the trigger button to the return path of the bimetallic strip. S2. When dust accumulates in the functional cavity and obstructs the light transmission window of the light source emitter, the heat radiated from the light source emitter to the bimetallic strip decreases, the bimetallic strip rebounds, and its end presses the trigger button along the rebound path to trigger the cleaning execution unit to clean the light transmission window of the light source emitter and the light receiver. S3. After cleaning is completed, the pollution in the light-transmitting window is eliminated, the radiant heat of the light source emitter is restored, the temperature-sensing trigger unit is reset, the cleaning execution unit stops operating, and the device returns to normal detection status. S4. The above S2-S3 processes are continuously cyclically executed depending on the amount of dust accumulated in the functional cavity; S5, the counting module of the PCB circuit board counts the number of times the cleaning execution unit is triggered. When the number of triggers per unit time exceeds the preset threshold, the PCB circuit board outputs a severe environmental warning signal, indicating that the detection environment inside the current functional cavity of the external system is continuously deteriorating.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the bimetallic sheet rebounds due to the reduction of radiant heat. Its end presses the trigger button along the rebound path, the motor starts, the motor drives the first screw to rotate, the first screw drives the second screw to rotate synchronously through the meshing of the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, and the first wiping piece and the second wiping piece reciprocate along their respective screw axes under the constraint of the limiting frame. After the first and second wiping components move axially to the other end of the screw, the motor reverses, causing the first and second wiping components to reset and translate, thus completing the cleaning of the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter and light receiver. During the operation of the cleaning execution unit, the communication module uploads cleaning status information to the external system.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention sets up a functional cavity in the chassis and integrates detection components and self-maintenance components. The bimetallic strip of the temperature-sensing trigger unit uses the radiative heat change of the light source emitter as a trigger signal, which can determine the degree of pollution of the light-transmitting window without additional sensors. The structure is ingenious. The cleaning execution unit realizes synchronous reciprocating wiping of the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter and the light receiver through screw drive and bevel gear linkage. The cleaning action is reliable. The device can respond autonomously and clean the pollution status of its own optical element light-transmitting window while having photoelectric smoke detection function. This ensures the installation of the equipment and improves the service life and detection effect of the device.

[0017] (2) The method of this invention is based on the continuous irradiation of the light source emitter after the device is started. Through the passive response mechanism of the temperature-sensing trigger unit, the radiative heat attenuation caused by dirt accumulation in the light-transmitting window is transformed into the trigger condition for cleaning action. The entire cleaning process does not require manual intervention. After cleaning is completed, the device automatically resets and returns to normal detection state. The workflow has good closed-loop performance. At the same time, the method introduces the statistics of cleaning trigger times. When the dust accumulation frequency is abnormal, an early warning signal is output to the external system, providing data support for the preventive maintenance of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the self-maintaining fire alarm controller of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the self-maintaining fire alarm controller of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the self-maintaining fire alarm controller of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the functional cavity of the self-maintaining fire alarm controller of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partially enlarged structural diagram; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bimetallic strip of the self-maintaining fire alarm controller of the present invention before it is bent by heat. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bimetallic strip of the self-maintaining fire alarm controller of the present invention after being heated and bent. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wiping component of the self-maintaining fire alarm controller of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 100, chassis; 110, sampling port; 120, air chamber; 130, cover body; 200, PCB circuit board; 300, functional cavity; 400, detection assembly; 410, light source emitter; 420, light reflecting unit; 430, light receiver; 500, self-maintenance assembly; 510, temperature-sensitive trigger unit; 511, bimetallic strip; 512, telescopic rod; 513, trigger button; 520, cleaning execution unit; 521, first screw rod; 522, driving bevel gear; 523, driven bevel gear; 524, second screw rod; 525, limit frame; 526, first wiping member; 527, second wiping member; 528, wiping layer; 529, motor; 600, button circuit board; 610, button; 700, display screen circuit board; 710, display screen. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0021] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figure 1-8 , a self-maintaining fire alarm controller comprises a chassis 100, a PCB circuit board 200 and a button circuit board 600 are installed in the chassis 100, a functional cavity 300 is arranged in the chassis 100, a detection assembly 400 and a self-maintenance assembly 500 are installed in the functional cavity 300, and the detection assembly 400, the button circuit board 600 and the self-maintenance assembly 500 are all electrically connected with the PCB circuit board 200; the PCB circuit board 200 is configured to receive the detection signal from the detection assembly 400 and output an alarm signal, and the PCB circuit board 200 is further configured to receive an alarm signal from an external device and perform linkage control output; The chassis 100 is a metal box with internal partitions. The PCB circuit board 200 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the chassis 100. The button circuit board 600 is connected to the PCB circuit board 200 through wires, and the two have clear divisions of labor: the PCB circuit board 200 undertakes core signal processing and linkage control logic, and the button circuit board 600 is responsible for collecting and transmitting local operation instructions. The functional cavity 300 is an independent closed chamber installed inside the chassis 100, the detection assembly 400 and the self-maintenance assembly 500 are installed inside the functional cavity, and the detection assembly 400, the button circuit board 600 and the self-maintenance assembly 500 are all electrically connected to the PCB circuit board 200 through wires.

[0022] On the one hand, the PCB circuit board 200 continuously receives photoelectric detection signals from the detection component 400, judges the environmental state of the sampled gas in the functional cavity 300 based on signal changes, and outputs an alarm signal when smoke or other abnormalities are detected; on the other hand, it receives alarm signals from external fire detectors or other external devices through a standard interface, and performs linkage control output accordingly, such as triggering an audible and visual alarm.

[0023] The detection component 400 includes a light source emitter 410 disposed on the inner wall of the functional cavity 300, a reflector unit 420 located on the illumination line of the light source emitter 410, and a light receiver 430 for receiving the reflected light from the reflector unit 420. Both the light source emitter 410 and the light receiver 430 are electrically connected to the PCB circuit board 200. The self-maintenance component 500 includes a temperature-sensing trigger unit 510 and a cleaning execution unit 520. The temperature-sensing trigger unit 510 is used to respond to the temperature change of the light source emitter 410 and trigger the cleaning execution unit 520 to operate. The cleaning execution unit 520 is used to clean the light-transmitting windows of the light source emitter 410 and the light receiver 430.

[0024] In the detection component 400, the light source emitter 410 is installed on the inner wall of the functional cavity 300, continuously emitting a light beam into the cavity. The reflector unit 420 is located on the beam illumination path, reflecting the beam to the light receiver 430. The light receiver 430 receives the reflected light in real time and transmits the signal to the PCB circuit board 200. When smoke particles are present in the cavity, the beam propagation is interfered with, and the received signal of the light receiver 430 changes. The PCB circuit board 200 then makes an alarm judgment based on this. In the self-maintenance component 500, the temperature-sensing trigger unit 510 is arranged adjacent to the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410, sensing the radiant heat of the light source emitter 410 in real time. When the radiant heat output of the light-transmitting window decreases due to dust accumulation, the cleaning execution unit 520 is triggered to automatically clean the light-transmitting windows of the light source emitter 410 and the light receiver 430.

[0025] This embodiment directly couples the temperature-sensing trigger logic with the working state of the light source emitter 410, eliminating the need for an additional pollution detection sensor. The structure is relatively simple, and the trigger response has a certain degree of passive adaptability.

[0026] It should be noted that the temperature-sensing trigger unit 510 is arranged close to the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410, and does not obstruct the transmission of the emitted light beam from the light source emitter 410 to the reflector unit 420.

[0027] In this embodiment, the temperature-sensing trigger unit 510 includes a bimetallic strip 511 with one end fixed to the inner wall of the functional cavity 300. The bimetallic strip 511 is located on one side of the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410, and the other end of the bimetallic strip 511 extends to one end of the light-transmitting window for irradiation and temperature sensing. A telescopic rod 512 is provided below the end of the bimetallic strip 511, and a trigger button 513 is installed on the telescopic rod 512. When the bimetallic strip 511 deforms due to temperature sensing, its end presses the trigger button 513, driving the cleaning execution unit 520 to operate.

[0028] The bimetallic strip 511 is composed of two metal layers with different coefficients of thermal expansion. One end is fixed to the inner wall of the functional cavity 300 by a fastener, and the other end extends to the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410, so that the extended end is directly in the radiant heat field of the light source emitter 410. During normal operation of the device, the light source emitter 410 continuously emits light, and the radiant heat causes the bimetallic strip 511 to bend and deform continuously, and the extended end deflects away from the light source. At the same time, the telescopic rod 512 is driven to extend, sending the trigger button 513 installed on it to the spring path of the extended end of the bimetallic strip 511, forming a ready-to-trigger state.

[0029] The telescopic rod 512 is an electric telescopic rod. After the device is started, the extension time of the telescopic rod 512 is set according to the time required for the bimetallic strip 511 to bend under the illumination of the light source emitter 410. The telescopic rod 512 will extend after the bimetallic strip 511 has bent to the correct position, so as to avoid damage to the equipment if the bimetallic strip 511 has not bent or has not bent to the correct position after the device is started.

[0030] When the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410 is blocked due to dust accumulation, the heat radiated to the bimetallic strip 511 decreases accordingly. The bimetallic strip 511 rebounds elastically due to the temperature drop, and the extended end moves upward along the rebound path, pressing the trigger button 513. The trigger button 513 then activates the cleaning execution unit 520. After cleaning, the light-transmitting window is cleaned, the radiant heat of the light source emitter 410 returns to normal, the bimetallic strip 511 bends again due to heat, the trigger button 513 disengages from the pressurized state, and the telescopic rod 512 retracts and resets, restoring the system to a ready-to-trigger state.

[0031] The thermomechanical conversion properties of bimetallic strip 511 are used to indirectly detect pollution in a light-transmitting window. The triggering mechanism relies on the physical response of the material itself and does not require the intervention of additional control circuits, achieving a good balance between reliability and structural complexity.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cleaning execution unit 520 includes a first screw 521 and a second screw 524 rotatably connected to the side wall of the functional cavity 300. A drive bevel gear 522 is fixed to the first screw 521, and the drive bevel gear 522 meshes with a driven bevel gear 523. The driven bevel gear 523 is fixed to the second screw 524. Both the first screw 521 and the second screw 524 are horizontally arranged within the functional cavity 300 and are perpendicular to each other. The first screw 521 is located above the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410, and the second screw 524 is located above the light-transmitting window of the light receiver 430. A motor 529 is provided outside the functional cavity 300, and the output end of the motor 529 is fixedly connected to the first screw 521. A limiting frame 525 is provided below the first screw 521 and the second screw 524. A first wiping member 526 is threadedly connected to the first screw 521, and a second wiping member 527 is threadedly connected to the second screw 524. The first wiping member 526 and the second wiping member 527 are both vertically limited by the corresponding limiting frame 525, so that the first wiping member 526 can reciprocate to wipe the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410, and the second wiping member 527 can reciprocate to wipe the light-transmitting window of the light receiver 430.

[0033] Both the first screw 521 and the second screw 524 are rotatably connected to the side wall of the functional cavity 300 via bearings. They are both horizontally arranged and perpendicular to each other, located above the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410 and the light-transmitting window of the light receiver 430, respectively. The motor 529 is mounted on the outer wall of the functional cavity 300, and its output shaft passes through the cavity wall and is directly fixedly connected to the first screw 521. After the motor 529 starts, it drives the first screw 521 to rotate. The driving bevel gear 522 fixed at the end of the first screw 521 meshes with the driven bevel gear 523 fixed at the end of the second screw 524, synchronously transmitting power to the second screw 524, thus achieving synchronous rotation of the two screws.

[0034] The limiting frame 525 is installed directly below the first screw 521 and the second screw 524, respectively, to vertically constrain the first wiping member 526 and the second wiping member 527, preventing them from rotating with the screws. Under this constraint, the first wiping member 526 and the second wiping member 527 can only translate along their respective screw axes, reciprocating and wiping the surface of the light-transmitting window as the screws rotate. When the wiping member moves to the other end of the screw, the motor 529 reverses, driving the wiping member to reset in the opposite direction, completing one full reciprocating cleaning action. By using a single motor 529 to simultaneously drive the wiping members in two directions, and changing the transmission direction through a bevel gear pair, the structure is compact, and the cleaning actions of the two light-transmitting windows are performed synchronously, which helps to reduce the cleaning time required.

[0035] The reversal of motor 529 is determined by the driving time of motor 529, the screw pitch and the screw length, ensuring that the reversal occurs when the screw reaches the end.

[0036] In this embodiment, the thickness of the bimetallic strip 511 is 0.3-0.6 mm, the light source emitter 410 is an LED lamp or an ultraviolet lamp, and the light receiver 430 is a photoelectric sensor.

[0037] The thickness of the bimetallic strip 511 is 0.3-0.6 mm. Within this thickness range, the bimetallic strip 511 has sufficient sensitivity to changes in the radiant heat of the light source emitter 410, while also possessing sufficient structural strength to reliably press the trigger button 513. The light source emitter 410 can be an LED lamp or an ultraviolet lamp. The former has low power consumption and long lifespan, while the latter has higher sensitivity to the scattering detection of specific smoke particles. The choice can be made according to the actual application. The light receiver 430 uses a photoelectric sensor that matches the emission spectrum of the light source emitter 410, and has a stable response capability to the reflected light from the reflector unit 420.

[0038] In this embodiment, the chassis 100 is provided with a sampling port 110, the sampling port 110 is connected to a wind chamber 120 through a hose, the air outlet of the wind chamber 120 is connected to a functional cavity 300 through a hose, the air outlet of the functional cavity 300 is connected to the outside of the chassis 100, and a fan is installed inside the wind chamber 120.

[0039] Sampling port 110 is located on the side wall of housing 100. It is a mesh sampling port with a filtering function and is connected to air chamber 120 via a flexible hose. Air chamber 120 is an independent chamber with a fan installed inside. The fan runs continuously, drawing in gas from the external environment of housing 100 and delivering it through the flexible hose to the air inlet of functional chamber 300. After passing through functional chamber 300, the sampled gas is discharged to the outside of housing 100 through the air outlet of functional chamber 300. The air path design creates a continuous airflow within functional chamber 300, ensuring real-time exchange between the gas inside the chamber and the external sampled gas, thus improving the timeliness of the detection response. The flexible hose connection facilitates installation layout adjustments and also helps reduce the transmission of fan vibration to the chamber.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first wiping member 526 and the second wiping member 527 are both provided with wiping layers 528. The wiping layer 528 is arranged opposite to the light-transmitting windows of its corresponding light source emitter 410 and light receiver 430. Both sides of the wiping layer 528 are provided with guide slopes.

[0041] The wiping layer 528 is fixed to the side of the first wiping member 526 and the second wiping member 527 facing the light-transmitting window. The wiping layer 528 can be made of a soft material with a certain degree of absorbency, such as microfiber cloth or sponge material, to effectively remove dust particles from the surface of the light-transmitting window during reciprocating motion. The wiping layer 528 has guide slopes on both sides, which play a guiding and positioning role when the wiping member initially contacts the light-transmitting window, so that the wiping layer 528 can be smoothly pressed onto the surface of the light-transmitting window, avoiding poor local contact or impact on the light-transmitting window due to the initial deviation of the wiping member.

[0042] In this embodiment, the PCB circuit board 200 is further provided with a counting module and a communication module. The counting module is used to count the number of times the cleaning execution unit 520 is triggered. When the number of triggers exceeds a preset threshold within a unit time, the PCB circuit board 200 outputs a severe environmental warning signal. The communication module is used to upload cleaning status information to an external system each time the cleaning execution unit 520 performs an action.

[0043] The counting module, built into the PCB circuit board 200, accumulates and records each event that triggers the cleaning execution unit 520. When the number of triggers within a statistical period exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates an abnormal dust accumulation frequency within the functional cavity 300. Based on this, the PCB circuit board 200 outputs a severe environmental warning signal, prompting relevant maintenance personnel to inspect the environment in which the device is located. The communication module, also integrated into the PCB circuit board 200, supports data interaction with an external management system. Each time the cleaning execution unit 520 operates, it uploads the status information of the cleaning event to the external system, providing data support for remote maintenance and historical record retrieval. The preset threshold can be configured according to the dust level of the actual application environment. Through the technical and communication modules, the device possesses a certain degree of self-reporting capability, facilitating centralized monitoring and management in scenarios with large-scale device deployment.

[0044] In this embodiment, the button circuit board 600 is provided with a button 610, the chassis 100 is provided with a cover 130, and the chassis 100 is also provided with a display circuit board 700. The display circuit board 700 is provided with a display screen 710. The display circuit board 700 and the button circuit board 600 are both embedded in the cover 130, and the display circuit board 700 is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board 200.

[0045] The cover 130 is mounted on the chassis 100. The display circuit board 700 and the button circuit board 600 are both embedded in and fixed to the cover 130, facilitating a centralized layout of the human-machine interface. The display screen 710 displays the device's current operating status, alarm information, and cleaning records. The display circuit board 700 is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board 200 via wires, and the PCB circuit board 200 pushes display data to it. The button 610 may include a mute button, a reset button, a self-test button, etc. Specific functions are acquired by the button circuit board 600 and transmitted to the PCB circuit board 200 for execution.

[0046] Example 2 A method for using a self-maintenance fire alarm controller, employing the device described in Example 1, includes the following steps: S1. After the device is started, the fan continuously inputs sampling gas into the functional cavity 300. After the sampling gas flows through the functional cavity 300, it is discharged from the outlet. The light emitted by the light source emitter 410 is reflected by the reflector unit 420 and received by the light receiver 430. The PCB circuit board 200 judges the environmental state of the sampling gas flowing through the functional cavity 300 according to the detection signal of the light receiver 430, and outputs an alarm signal when an abnormality is detected. At the same time, the light source emitter 410 begins to continuously irradiate, and the bimetallic strip 511 bends and deforms due to the radiant heat of the light source emitter 410. The telescopic rod 512 then extends, sending the trigger button 513 to the springback path of the bimetallic strip 511. S2. When dust accumulates in the functional cavity 300, causing the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410 to be blocked by dirt, the heat radiated by the light source emitter 410 to the bimetallic strip 511 decreases, the bimetallic strip 511 rebounds, and its end presses the trigger button 513 along the rebound path, triggering the cleaning execution unit 520 to operate. The cleaning execution unit 520 cleans the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410 and the light receiver 430. S3. After cleaning is completed, the pollution in the light-transmitting window is eliminated, the radiant heat of the light source emitter 410 is restored, the temperature-sensing trigger unit 510 is reset, the cleaning execution unit 520 stops operating, and the device returns to normal detection state. S4. The above S2-S3 processes are continuously cyclically executed depending on the amount of dust accumulated in the functional cavity 300. The counting module of S5 and PCB circuit board 200 counts the number of times the cleaning execution unit 520 is triggered. When the number of triggers per unit time exceeds the preset threshold, PCB circuit board 200 outputs a severe environmental warning signal, indicating that the detection environment inside the current functional cavity 300 of the external system is continuously deteriorating.

[0047] In this embodiment, in step S2, the bimetallic strip 511 rebounds due to the reduction of radiant heat. Its end presses the trigger button 513 along the rebound path, and the motor 529 starts. The motor 529 drives the first screw 521 to rotate. The first screw 521 drives the second screw 524 to rotate synchronously through the meshing of the active bevel gear 522 and the driven bevel gear 523. The first wiping member 526 and the second wiping member 527 reciprocate along their respective screw axes under the constraint of the limiting frame 525. After the first wiping component 526 and the second wiping component 527 move axially to the other end of the screw, the motor 529 reverses, driving the first wiping component 526 and the second wiping component 527 to reset and translate, thus completing the cleaning of the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter 410 and the light receiver 430; during the operation of the cleaning execution unit 520, the communication module uploads cleaning status information to the external system.

[0048] The uploaded cleaning status information may include the start / end of cleaning actions, the number of actions, and fault status.

[0049] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-maintaining fire alarm controller, comprising a chassis (100), characterized in that: A PCB circuit board (200) and a button circuit board (600) are installed inside the chassis (100). A functional cavity (300) is arranged inside the chassis (100), and a detection assembly (400) and a self-maintenance assembly (500) are installed inside the functional cavity (300). The detection assembly (400), the button circuit board (600), and the self-maintenance assembly (500) are all electrically connected to the PCB circuit board (200). The PCB circuit board (200) is configured to receive the detection signal from the detection assembly (400) and output an alarm signal, and the PCB circuit board (200) is further configured to receive an alarm signal from an external device and perform linkage control output; The detection assembly (400) comprises a light source emitter (410) arranged on the inner side wall of the functional cavity (300), a light reflection unit (420) located on the irradiation path of the light source emitter (410), and a light receiver (430) for receiving the reflected light from the light reflection unit (420). Both the light source emitter (410) and the light receiver (430) are electrically connected to the PCB circuit board (200). The self-maintenance assembly (500) comprises a temperature-sensitive trigger unit (510) and a cleaning execution unit (520). The temperature-sensitive trigger unit (510) is configured to respond to the temperature change of the light source emitter (410) and trigger the cleaning execution unit (520) to act, and the cleaning execution unit (520) is configured to clean the light-transmitting windows of the light source emitter (410) and the light receiver (430); The temperature-sensitive trigger unit (510) comprises a bimetallic strip (511) with one end fixed on the inner wall of the functional cavity (300). The bimetallic strip (511) is located on one side of the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter (410), and the end of the other end of the bimetallic strip (511) extends to one end of the light-transmitting window for irradiation temperature sensing. A telescopic rod (512) is arranged below the end of the bimetallic strip (511), and a trigger button (513) is installed on the telescopic rod (512). When the bimetallic strip (511) deforms due to temperature sensing, its end presses the trigger button (513) to drive the cleaning execution unit (520) to act.

2. The self-maintenance fire alarm controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning execution unit (520) comprises a first screw rod (521) and a second screw rod (524) rotatably connected to the side wall of the functional cavity (300). A driving bevel gear (522) is fixed on the first screw rod (521), the driving bevel gear (522) is engaged with a driven bevel gear (523), and the driven bevel gear (523) is fixed on the second screw rod (524). The first screw rod (521) and the second screw rod (524) are both horizontally arranged inside the functional cavity (300) and are perpendicular to each other. The first screw rod (521) is located above the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter (410), and the second screw rod (524) is located above the light-transmitting window of the light receiver (430). A motor (529) is arranged outside the functional cavity (300), and the output end of the motor (529) is fixedly connected to the first screw rod (521); A limiting frame (525) is provided below the first screw (521) and the second screw (524). A first wiping member (526) is threadedly connected to the first screw (521), and a second wiping member (527) is threadedly connected to the second screw (524). The first wiping member (526) and the second wiping member (527) are both vertically limited by the corresponding limiting frame (525) so that the first wiping member (526) can reciprocate to wipe the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter (410), and the second wiping member (527) can reciprocate to wipe the light-transmitting window of the light receiver (430).

3. The self-maintenance fire alarm controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the bimetallic strip (511) is 0.3-0.6 mm, the light source emitter (410) is an LED lamp or an ultraviolet lamp, and the light receiver (430) is a photoelectric sensor.

4. A self-maintenance fire alarm controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (100) is provided with a sampling port (110), which is connected to a wind chamber (120) via a hose. The air outlet of the wind chamber (120) is connected to a functional cavity (300) via a hose. The air outlet of the functional cavity (300) is connected to the outside of the chassis (100). A fan is installed inside the wind chamber (120).

5. A self-maintenance fire alarm controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first wiping member (526) and the second wiping member (527) are both provided with wiping layers (528). The wiping layer (528) is arranged opposite to the light-transmitting window of its corresponding light source emitter (410) and light receiver (430). The wiping layer (528) is provided with guide slopes on both sides.

6. A self-maintenance fire alarm controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB circuit board (200) is also provided with a counting module and a communication module. The counting module is used to count the number of times the cleaning execution unit (520) is triggered. When the number of triggers exceeds a preset threshold within a unit time, the PCB circuit board (200) outputs a severe environmental warning signal. The communication module is used to upload cleaning status information to an external system each time the cleaning execution unit (520) performs an action.

7. A self-maintenance fire alarm controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The button circuit board (600) is provided with a button (610), the chassis (100) is provided with a cover (130), the chassis (100) is also provided with a display circuit board (700), the display circuit board (700) is provided with a display screen (710), the display circuit board (700) and the button circuit board (600) are both embedded in the cover (130), and the display circuit board (700) is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board (200).

8. A method of using a self-maintaining fire alarm controller, employing the self-maintaining fire alarm controller as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After the device is started, the fan continuously inputs sampling gas into the functional cavity (300). After the sampling gas flows through the functional cavity (300), it is discharged from the outlet. The light emitted by the light source emitter (410) is reflected by the reflector unit (420) and received by the light receiver (430). The PCB circuit board (200) judges the environmental state of the sampling gas flowing through the functional cavity (300) according to the detection signal of the light receiver (430), and outputs an alarm signal when an abnormality is detected. At the same time, the light source emitter (410) begins to continuously irradiate, and the bimetallic strip (511) bends and deforms due to the radiant heat of the light source emitter (410). The telescopic rod (512) then extends, sending the trigger button (513) to the springback path of the bimetallic strip (511). S2. When dust accumulates in the functional cavity (300) and the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter (410) is blocked by dirt, the heat radiated by the light source emitter (410) to the bimetallic strip (511) decreases, the bimetallic strip (511) rebounds, and its end presses the trigger button (513) along the rebound path, triggering the cleaning execution unit (520) to operate. The cleaning execution unit (520) cleans the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter (410) and the light receiver (430). S3. After cleaning, the pollution of the light-transmitting window is eliminated, the radiant heat of the light source emitter (410) is restored, the temperature-sensing trigger unit (510) is reset, the cleaning execution unit (520) stops operating, and the device returns to normal detection state. S4. The above S2-S3 processes are continuously cyclically executed depending on the amount of dust accumulated in the functional cavity (300); S5, the counting module of the PCB circuit board (200) counts the number of times the cleaning execution unit (520) is triggered. When the number of triggers per unit time exceeds the preset threshold, the PCB circuit board (200) outputs a severe environmental warning signal to indicate that the detection environment inside the current functional cavity (300) of the external system continues to deteriorate.

9. The method of using a self-maintaining fire alarm controller according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the bimetallic strip (511) rebounds due to the reduction of radiant heat. Its end presses the trigger button (513) along the rebound path, and the motor (529) starts. The motor (529) drives the first screw (521) to rotate. The first screw (521) drives the second screw (524) to rotate synchronously through the meshing of the active bevel gear (522) and the driven bevel gear (523). The first wiping member (526) and the second wiping member (527) reciprocate along their respective screw axes under the constraint of the limiting frame (525). When the first wiping component (526) and the second wiping component (527) move axially to the other end of the screw, the motor (529) reverses, driving the first wiping component (526) and the second wiping component (527) to reset and translate, thus completing the cleaning of the light-transmitting window of the light source emitter (410) and the light receiver (430); during the operation of the cleaning execution unit (520), the communication module uploads cleaning status information to the external system.

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