Tap changer electric operating mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a kind of tap switch electric operating mechanism, which comprises: drive motor, gear assembly, cam assembly and gear adjustment device;Drive motor is drivingly connected with gear assembly;Gear assembly is connected with the operating rod of tap switch through cam assembly;Cam assembly drives gear adjustment device according to preset movement law timing.The mechanism of the application is combined into cam mechanism through gear assembly and cam assembly, effectively solves the problems of existing tap switch electric mechanism in transmission process, such as refusal, jam and positioning deviation, realizes efficient power transmission, uses the accurate design of cam profile to control the break timing and gear positioning of tap switch, not only ensures the stability of power transmission, but also realizes the accurate control and reliable break of tap switch gear adjustment, significantly improves the reliability and service life of equipment operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of on-load tap changer accessories, and more particularly to an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer. Background Technology

[0002] Tap changers are a crucial component of transformers. Under load conditions, they adjust the transformer turns ratio to regulate the output voltage and maintain it within a set range. This function directly impacts power quality, system stability, and power supply economy. With the continuous expansion of power grids and the increasing complexity of load characteristics, tap changers must not only handle normal voltage fluctuations but also respond rapidly under fault conditions to prevent voltage collapse. The electric operating mechanism, as the drive and control unit of the tap changer, must ensure accurate tap switching and clear status indication. Reliable voltage regulation capabilities help optimize reactive power distribution, improve the power factor, and reduce network losses; precise power flow control can improve transmission efficiency and eliminate transmission congestion; and rapid response characteristics enhance system immunity to disturbances and improve power supply reliability.

[0003] Because transformers vary significantly in their requirements for parameters such as the number of voltage regulation stages and control modes, the transmission and control systems of tap changer electric mechanisms need to possess high complexity and adaptability. A typical tap changer electric mechanism consists of key modules such as a drive motor, speed-changing gears, a switch adjustment unit, and a position indicator.

[0004] The electric component of the tap changer's electric operating mechanism is the core of achieving remote control and automatic voltage regulation. It converts the rotational motion of the motor into the mechanical action of driving the tap changer to shift gears. The electric operating mechanism mainly consists of a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, and a control unit. It is a precision system integrating power, transmission, and control, and its reliability and accuracy are directly related to the stable operation of the transformer's on-load tap changing and the power quality of the power grid. However, traditional electric operating mechanisms use worm gear drives, which have significant limitations in mechanical transmission. Common failure modes include operating failure, transmission jamming, gear positioning deviation, and abnormal position signals, resulting in insufficient long-term operational reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address one of the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this application provides an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer.

[0006] The electric operating mechanism of the tap changer includes: a drive motor (1), a gear assembly (2), a cam assembly (3), and a gear adjustment device (4); The drive motor (1) is connected to the gear assembly (2) in a transmission connection; The gear assembly (2) is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly (3); The cam assembly (3) drives the gear adjustment device (4) according to the preset motion law.

[0007] Optionally, the gear assembly (2) includes: a bearing (202), a driving bevel gear (203), a driven bevel gear, and a drive shaft; The power output shaft of the drive motor (1) is connected to the drive bevel gear (203) via a bearing (202); The driving bevel gear (203) and the driven bevel gear form a spatial meshing transmission pair, and their axes are orthogonally arranged; The driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft; The drive shaft is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly (3).

[0008] Optionally, the gear assembly (2) also includes a bearing retainer (201). Among them, the bearing fastener (201) is used to support the bearing (202).

[0009] Optionally, the cam assembly (3) is connected to the drive shaft by a key.

[0010] Optionally, the cam assembly (3) includes a cam; The cam is fixed coaxially with the driven bevel gear. The cam disc is machined with a cam profile surface; Two positioning grooves with different radial depths are distributed circumferentially on the cam profile surface; the depth dimensions of the two positioning grooves are determined according to the operating stroke required for different working positions of the tap changer; when the drive shaft drives the cam to rotate to the predetermined phase angle corresponding to the target position, the operating lever of the gear adjustment device (4) slides into and embeds into the positioning groove of the corresponding depth along the cam profile surface under the thrust of the elastic element on its end follower.

[0011] Optionally, the cam assembly (3) further includes: a cam support (303); The cam support (303) is used to position and install the cam.

[0012] Optionally, the cam includes: cam A (301) and cam B (302).

[0013] Optionally, the gear adjustment device (4) includes: an operating lever and a gear switch (403); The operating lever is driven by the contour of the cam assembly (3), and then drives the swing lever (5) to perform swinging through the linkage mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the control lever includes: A control lever (401) and B control lever (402). A lever (401) is controlled by the contour drive of cam A (301); The B lever (402) is controlled by the contour drive of the B cam (302).

[0015] Optionally, the output shaft of the drive motor (1) drives the active bevel gear (203) to rotate around its axis, and transmits the power to the driven bevel gear along the direction of the intersecting axis through the spatial meshing transmission pair; Driven bevel gear drives the cam to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft. This motion acts on the operating lever of the gear adjustment device (4) through the groove of the cam profile surface on the cam, and then drives the swing lever (5) to swing through the linkage mechanism.

[0016] This application provides an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer, comprising: a drive motor, a gear assembly, a cam assembly, and a gear adjustment device; the drive motor is connected to the gear assembly via a transmission; the gear assembly is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly; the cam assembly drives the gear adjustment device at preset times according to a predetermined motion law. The mechanism of this application, formed by the combination of the gear assembly and the cam assembly, effectively solves the problems of non-operation, jamming, and positioning deviation in the transmission process of existing electric tap changer mechanisms, achieving efficient power transmission. By utilizing the precise design of the cam profile to control the disconnection sequence and gear positioning of the tap changer, it not only ensures the stability of power transmission but also achieves precise control and reliable disconnection of the tap changer gear adjustment, significantly improving the reliability and service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A right view of an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a gear assembly and a cam assembly of an electric tap changer operating mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018]

Figure Reference Numerals

[0019] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0020] In the process of developing this application, the inventors discovered that the electric component of the tap changer's electric operating mechanism is the core of achieving remote control and automatic voltage regulation. It converts the rotational motion of the motor into the mechanical action of driving the tap changer to shift gears. The electric operating mechanism mainly consists of a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, and a control unit. It is a precision system integrating power, transmission, and control, and its reliability and accuracy are directly related to the stable operation of the transformer's on-load tap changing and the power quality of the power grid. However, traditional electric operating mechanisms use worm gear transmission, which has obvious limitations in mechanical transmission. Common failure modes include operation failure, transmission jamming, gear positioning deviation, and abnormal position signals, resulting in insufficient long-term operational reliability.

[0021] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer. This mechanism includes a drive motor, a gear assembly, a cam assembly, and a gear adjustment device. The drive motor is connected to the gear assembly via a transmission connection. The gear assembly is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly. The cam assembly drives the gear adjustment device at preset times according to a predetermined motion pattern. This mechanism, formed by combining the gear assembly and the cam assembly, effectively solves the problems of non-operation, jamming, and positioning deviation in existing electric tap changer mechanisms during transmission. It achieves efficient power transmission and utilizes precise design of the cam profile to control the tap changer's disconnection timing and gear positioning. This not only ensures the stability of power transmission but also achieves precise control and reliable disconnection of the tap changer's gear adjustment, significantly improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0022] See Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer, which includes: a drive motor 1, a gear assembly 2, a cam assembly 3, and a gear adjustment device 4.

[0023] The drive motor 1 is connected to the gear assembly 2 for transmission.

[0024] The gear assembly 2 is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly 3.

[0025] The cam assembly 3 drives the gear adjustment device 4 in a timed manner according to a preset motion pattern.

[0026] 1. Gear assembly 2 Gear assembly 2 includes: bearing 202, driving bevel gear 203, driven bevel gear, and drive shaft.

[0027] The bearing 202 is connected to the power output end of the drive motor 1. The power output shaft of the drive motor 1 is connected to the drive bevel gear 203 through the bearing 202, and the drive motor 1 can drive the drive bevel gear 203 to rotate.

[0028] The driving bevel gear 203 and the driven bevel gear form a spatial meshing transmission pair, and their axes are orthogonally arranged.

[0029] The driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, forming the driven bevel gear shaft 204.

[0030] The drive shaft is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly 3.

[0031] In addition, gear assembly 2 also includes bearing retainer 201.

[0032] Among them, the bearing fixing component 201 is used to support the bearing 202.

[0033] The gear assembly 2 drives the operating lever of the gear adjustment device 4 according to a preset motion law to achieve precise disconnection of the tap changer and gear adjustment.

[0034] 2. Cam assembly 3 The cam assembly 3 is connected to the drive shaft via a key, enabling rigid synchronous rotation and ensuring no relative slippage between the drive shaft and the cam disc. This allows the rotational motion of the drive motor to be input into the cam mechanism in the form of precise angular displacement.

[0035] Cam assembly 3 includes cams. For example, the cams include: cam A 301 and cam B 302. Cam A 301 and cam B 302 are coaxially fixed to the driven bevel gear shaft 204.

[0036] The cam is fixed coaxially with the driven bevel gear.

[0037] The cam disk is machined with a cam profile surface. This cam profile surface is specifically designed for gear shifting, that is, the cam disk of the cam assembly 3 is machined with a cam profile surface specifically designed for gear shifting.

[0038] Two locating grooves with different radial depths are distributed circumferentially on the cam profile surface. The depth dimensions of the two locating grooves are determined according to the required operating stroke of the tap changer at different working positions, thereby accurately corresponding to different working positions. The radial depth difference is used to define the accurate termination position of the operating lever at the two target positions.

[0039] When the drive shaft drives the cam to rotate to a predetermined phase angle corresponding to the target gear, the operating lever of the gear adjustment device 4, under the thrust of the elastic element on its end follower, slides along the cam profile surface and embeds into the positioning groove of the corresponding depth. This embedding action causes the operating lever to produce a precise radial displacement, which, through intermediate connecting components such as connecting rods or shift forks, drives the swing lever 5 linked with it to perform a predetermined angular displacement, thereby completing the switching of the tap changer contacts.

[0040] The aforementioned structure makes the cam assembly 3 a mechanical interlocking device based on the cam profile. This mechanical interlocking device, through precise geometric design of the cam profile, achieves forced position coupling and decoupling between the operating lever and the swing lever 5: in the lift phase, the operating lever and the swing lever 5 are coupled and linked; in the rest phase, the operating lever is constrained to a constant depth to achieve position self-locking, and the swing lever 5 remains stably in the gear position; in the return phase, both work together to reset. This purely mechanical positioning and transmission method ensures the certainty and high repeatability of each gear shift action, fundamentally and effectively avoiding the positioning deviation problems caused by transmission backlash, frictional wear, and electronic sensor signal offset in traditional transmission schemes.

[0041] In addition, the cam assembly 3 also includes a cam support 303.

[0042] Cam support 303 is used to position and install cams, such as cam support 303 used to position and install cam A 301 and cam B 302.

[0043] 3. Gear adjustment device 4 The gear adjustment device 4 includes: a control lever and a gear switch 403.

[0044] The control lever is driven by the contour of the cam assembly 3, which in turn drives the swing lever 5 to perform swinging through the linkage mechanism.

[0045] For example, the control levers include: A control lever 401 and B control lever 402.

[0046] A lever 401 is controlled by the contour drive of A cam 301.

[0047] B-operating lever 402 is controlled by the contour drive of B-cam 302.

[0048] Operating levers A and B drive the external swing lever 5 to swing via a linkage mechanism, thereby achieving precise docking of the contacts of switches 403 at different gear positions.

[0049] In practical implementation, the output shaft of drive motor 1 drives the active bevel gear 203 to rotate around its axis, and transmits power to the driven bevel gear along the direction of the intersecting axis through the spatial meshing transmission pair (such as through the meshing relationship of spatially orthogonally arranged bevel gear pairs, the power is transmitted to the driven bevel gear shaft 204 along the direction of the intersecting axis), realizing the conversion of the power transmission direction and the precise transmission of speed.

[0050] The driven bevel gear drives the cam to rotate synchronously via the transmission shaft (e.g., the driven bevel gear shaft 204 drives the A cam 301 and B cam 302, which are connected with it by interference fit, to achieve synchronous rotation). This motion acts on the operating lever of the gear adjustment device 4 through the grooves on the cam profile surface of the cam (e.g., the grooves of different radial depths on the cam profile surfaces of the two cams are precisely machined and act on the contact surfaces of the A operating lever 401 and B operating lever 402 set inside the gear adjustment device 4 according to the preset kinematic law). Then, the linkage mechanism drives the swing lever 5 to perform swing (e.g., the mechanical action between the cam profile and the operating lever converts the rotational motion into a precise linear displacement output, and then drives the external swing lever 5 to perform a reciprocating swing at a predetermined angle through the linkage mechanism). Finally, it achieves precise contact and separation with the contacts of different gear switches, and completes the gear switching operation of the tap changer.

[0051] The tap changer electric operating mechanism provided in this embodiment combines the efficient power transmission of bevel gears in the transmission system with the precise motion control of the cam mechanism to construct an electromechanical transmission system with high reliability and high positioning accuracy, which significantly improves the stability and service life of the equipment.

[0052] The transmission elements in the gear assembly 2 of the tap changer electric operating mechanism provided in this embodiment all adopt a bevel gear structure. Bevel gear transmission has the technical advantages of high transmission efficiency, constant instantaneous transmission ratio, and strong load-bearing capacity. The tap changer electric operating mechanism provided in this embodiment, through a spatial transmission mechanism composed of a meshing driving bevel gear 203 and a driven bevel gear, accurately transmits the rotational motion of the drive motor 1 to cam A 301 and cam B 302, which in turn drive the A operating lever 401 and B operating lever 402 in the gear adjustment device 4 via the cam assembly 3. This bevel gear transmission system features smooth operation and high transmission accuracy, significantly improving the overall reliability and mechanical durability of the mechanism.

[0053] In this embodiment, each transmission element in the cam assembly 3 of the tap changer electric operating mechanism is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear shaft 204, maintaining coaxial rotational motion with it. Cam A 301 and Cam B 302 independently drive Operating lever A 401 and Operating lever B 402 respectively. This independent control architecture ensures the independence of the actions of each execution unit and improves the adaptability of the tap changer electric operating mechanism provided in this embodiment to different working conditions. Through a modular transmission layout, this design significantly improves the system's functional expandability and maintenance convenience while ensuring transmission accuracy.

[0054] To address the limitations of traditional tap changer electric mechanisms in terms of mechanical transmission, the tap changer electric operating mechanism provided in this embodiment combines a gear assembly and a cam assembly to form a specially designed cam mechanism. This cam mechanism can achieve high-precision gear transmission, effectively solving problems such as refusal to move, jamming, and positioning deviation during the transmission process.

[0055] The electric operating mechanism for the tap changer provided in this embodiment achieves efficient power transmission through a cam mechanism formed by the combination of a gear assembly and a cam assembly. The precise design of the cam profile surface controls the tap changer's disconnection timing and position positioning. This cam mechanism, formed by the combination of the gear assembly and the cam assembly, not only ensures the stability of power transmission but also achieves precise control of the tap changer's position adjustment and reliable disconnection, significantly improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0056] The tap changer electric operating mechanism provided in this embodiment achieves coordinated operation between bevel gear transmission and cam mechanism through a cam mechanism formed by the combination of gear assembly and cam assembly. This ensures both the reliability of power transmission and the precise control of the tap changer's operating timing.

[0057] The tap changer electric operating mechanism provided in this embodiment effectively solves the inherent defects of traditional worm gear mechanisms, such as transmission jamming, gear positioning deviation, and increased wear after long-term operation, by addressing both the transmission principle and positioning mechanism.

[0058] The electric tap changer operating mechanism provided in this embodiment adopts a high-precision gear transmission system with precise tooth profile modification and meshing optimization, completely replacing the traditional worm gear transmission. It transforms the relative motion between the tooth surfaces from primarily sliding friction to primarily rolling contact, fundamentally overcoming the problems of low transmission efficiency, significant heat generation, and contact surface wear caused by sliding friction, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of power transmission. Simultaneously, the electric tap changer operating mechanism provided in this embodiment has a cam profile machined on the cam disc, and two positioning grooves with different radial depths are distributed circumferentially on the cam profile surface. These grooves, together with the follower on the operating lever, form a rigid mechanical interlock, creating a precise hard positioning mechanism with no possibility of reversible displacement. This mechanism ensures that once the gear is reached, the operating lever is geometrically constrained to a specific position by the cam profile, completely eliminating the risks of signal drift, electromagnetic interference-induced misjudgments, and zero-point offset caused by long-term aging that are unavoidable in traditional systems relying on electronic position sensors. This significantly improves the certainty of positioning and environmental resistance.

[0059] The electric operating mechanism for the tap changer provided in this embodiment is a cam mechanism formed by combining a gear assembly and a cam assembly. While significantly improving transmission accuracy and positioning reliability, it effectively reduces the number of parts in the transmission chain and simplifies the system structure. This greatly enhances the adaptability and long-term operational stability of the electric operating mechanism in complex industrial environments such as high temperature, oil, and vibration. It provides an ideal drive solution for on-load tap changers with higher transmission efficiency, longer mechanical life, and simpler daily maintenance.

[0060] This embodiment provides an electric operating mechanism for a tap changer, comprising: a drive motor, a gear assembly, a cam assembly, and a gear adjustment device; the drive motor is connected to the gear assembly via a transmission; the gear assembly is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly; the cam assembly drives the gear adjustment device at preset times according to a preset motion law. The mechanism of this embodiment, formed by the combination of the gear assembly and the cam assembly, effectively solves the problems of non-operation, jamming, and positioning deviation in the transmission process of existing electric tap changer mechanisms, achieving efficient power transmission. The precise design of the cam profile controls the disconnection sequence and gear positioning of the tap changer, ensuring not only the stability of power transmission but also precise control and reliable disconnection of the tap changer gear adjustment, significantly improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0061] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An electrically operated mechanism for a tap changer, characterized in that, The mechanism includes: a drive motor (1), a gear assembly (2), a cam assembly (3), and a gear adjustment device (4); The drive motor (1) is connected to the gear assembly (2) in a transmission connection; The gear assembly (2) is connected to the operating lever of the tap switch via the cam assembly (3); The cam assembly (3) drives the gear adjustment device (4) in a timed manner according to a preset motion law.

2. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear assembly (2) includes: a bearing (202), a driving bevel gear (203), a driven bevel gear, and a drive shaft; The power output shaft of the drive motor (1) is connected to the drive bevel gear (203) via the bearing (202); The driving bevel gear (203) and the driven bevel gear form a spatial meshing transmission pair, and their axes are orthogonally arranged; The driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft; The drive shaft is connected to the operating lever of the tap changer via the cam assembly (3).

3. The mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gear assembly (2) also includes a bearing retainer (201); The bearing fixing member (201) is used to support the bearing (202).

4. The mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cam assembly (3) is connected to the drive shaft by a key.

5. The mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cam assembly (3) includes a cam; The cam is fixed coaxially with the driven bevel gear; The cam's disk is machined with a cam profile surface; The cam profile surface has two positioning grooves with different radial depths distributed circumferentially; the depth dimensions of the two positioning grooves are determined according to the operating stroke required for different working positions of the tap changer; when the transmission shaft drives the cam to rotate to a predetermined phase angle corresponding to the target position, the operating lever of the gear adjustment device (4) slides into and embeds into the positioning groove of the corresponding depth along the cam profile surface under the thrust of the elastic element on its end follower.

6. The mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cam assembly (3) further includes: a cam support (303); The cam support (303) is used to position and install the cam.

7. The mechanism according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The cams include: cam A (301) and cam B (302).

8. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear adjustment device (4) includes: an operating lever and a gear switch (403); The operating lever is controlled by the contour drive of the cam assembly (3), and then drives the swing lever (5) to perform swing through the linkage mechanism.

9. The mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control levers include: A control lever (401) and B control lever (402). The A operating lever (401) is controlled by the contour drive of the A cam (301); The B operating lever (402) is controlled by the contour drive of the B cam (302).

10. The mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The output shaft of the drive motor (1) drives the active bevel gear (203) to rotate around its axis, and transmits the power to the driven bevel gear along the direction of the intersecting axis through the spatial meshing transmission pair; Driven bevel gear drives the cam to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft. This motion acts on the operating lever of the gear adjustment device (4) through the groove of the cam profile surface on the cam, and then drives the swing lever (5) to swing through the linkage mechanism.

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