X-ray tube with liquid metal conducting path

Abstract

An X-ray tube with a liquid metal conductive path includes a housing having a receiving cavity, the housing having opposite first and second ends; an anode target rotatably disposed in the receiving cavity; a rotor connected to the anode target to drive the anode target to rotate, the rotor being closer to the second end than the anode target; a stationary base insulatively connected to the second end, at least a portion of the stationary base passing through the housing and being insulatively connected to the rotor, the stationary base defining a first cavity, a second cavity being formed at a junction of the rotor and the stationary base, the first cavity being in communication with the second cavity, the first and second cavities being filled with a liquid metal for electrically contacting the rotor; and a conductive terminal passing through the stationary base and being in electrical contact with the liquid metal to form a conductive path for the anode target through the rotor, the liquid metal and the conductive terminal. Thus, the stability of the X-ray tube operation can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of X-ray tube technology, and more particularly to an X-ray tube having a liquid metal conductive path. Background Technology

[0002] X-ray tubes are widely used in medical imaging diagnostic equipment, especially digital subtraction angiography (DSA) equipment. An X-ray tube consists of a tube shell and a cathode and anode target housed within the shell. During operation, the cathode emits an electron beam that bombards the anode target to generate X-rays. The anode target is connected to and driven to rotate by the rotor. The tube current generated on the anode target must be conducted to the outside of the tube shell through the rotor to form a tube current loop. In double-ended high-voltage X-ray tubes, high voltage is applied to both the anode and cathode sides, placing the anode target and rotor at a high potential. To ensure safe operation of the equipment, the rotor must be kept insulated from the tube shell to prevent high voltage from entering the tube shell.

[0003] However, the rotor is usually installed on the shell via a connecting structure. During assembly and long-term operation, an electrical connection can easily form between the rotor and the shell, causing the shell to become electrified, posing a safety hazard and affecting the stable operation of the equipment. At the same time, the anode target generates a large amount of heat when producing X-rays. How to effectively conduct the heat of the anode target to the outside of the shell while ensuring electrical isolation between the rotor and the shell is also a problem that needs to be solved by existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide an improved X-ray tube with a liquid metal conductive path.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an X-ray tube with a liquid metal conductive path, comprising: a housing including a receiving cavity, the housing having a first end and a second end opposite to each other; an anode target rotatably disposed within the receiving cavity; a rotor connected to the anode target to drive the anode target to rotate, the rotor being closer to the second end than the anode target; a fixed base insulatedly connected to the second end, at least a portion of the fixed base passing through the housing and insulatedly connected to the rotor, the fixed base defining a first cavity, a second cavity formed at the connection between the rotor and the fixed base, the first cavity communicating with the second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity being filled with liquid metal for electrical contact with the rotor; and a conductive terminal passing through the fixed base and in electrical contact with the liquid metal, such that the anode target sequentially forms a conductive path through the rotor, the liquid metal, and the conductive terminal.

[0006] Optionally, the rotor has a mating hole along the axial direction, at least a portion of the fixed base is inserted into the mating hole, and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base and the inner wall of the rotor forming the mating hole together form at least a portion of the boundary of the second cavity.

[0007] Optionally, the X-ray tube further includes a sealing ring, which is sleeved on the fixed base and fixedly connected to the end face of the rotor facing the second end, wherein the sealing ring, the rotor, and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base together form the second cavity.

[0008] Optionally, the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base is provided with an annular groove extending circumferentially along the fixed base, and the inner wall of the rotor forming the mating hole closes at least a portion of the opening of the annular groove.

[0009] Optionally, the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base is further provided with at least two sets of sealing grooves, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the annular groove along the axial direction of the fixed base.

[0010] Optionally, the fixed base is further provided with a plurality of connecting holes, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the fixed base, and each connecting hole connects the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0011] Optionally, along the direction from the first end to the second end, the fixed base has a liquid injection hole on the side away from the housing. The liquid injection hole connects to the first cavity, and the liquid metal enters the first cavity and the second cavity through the liquid injection hole.

[0012] Optionally, the X-ray tube further includes: a plug inserted into the injection hole and in electrical contact with the liquid metal in the first cavity, the plug being made of a conductive material, and the conductive terminal being formed using the plug.

[0013] Optionally, the X-ray tube further includes: a central axial portion extending in a direction from the first end to the second end and having opposing third and fourth ends, the third end being fixedly connected to the first end, the fourth end being fixedly connected to the fixed base, and the rotor and the anode target being sleeved on the central axial portion and rotating around the central axial portion as an axis.

[0014] Optionally, the fixed base has a plug hole on the side facing the first end that communicates with the first cavity, the fourth end of the central shaft is located in the plug hole, and the end face of the fourth end forms the boundary of the first cavity on the side facing the first end.

[0015] Optionally, the X-ray tube further includes: a bushing, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotor, the bushing being sleeved on the central shaft portion; and a ball bearing assembly, disposed between the bushing and the central shaft portion, for realizing relative rotation between the bushing and the central shaft portion.

[0016] Optionally, the X-ray tube includes at least two bushings and at least two sets of ball bearings that cooperate with each other, and the at least two bushings and the at least two sets of ball bearings are spaced apart along the direction from the first end to the second end.

[0017] Optionally, the bushing and the inner wall of the rotor are interference-fitted.

[0018] Optionally, the central shaft is made of ceramic material.

[0019] Optionally, the ball bearing assembly is made of ceramic material.

[0020] Optionally, the portion of the fixed base located outside the housing is provided with a heat dissipation structure.

[0021] Optionally, the liquid metal is a gallium indium tin alloy.

[0022] Optionally, the liquid metal is also used to achieve thermal coupling between the rotor and the fixed base, so that the heat of the anode target is transferred to the outside of the housing via the rotor and the fixed base.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By employing the technical solution of this application, the fixed base is insulatedly connected to the housing and insulatedly connected to the rotor, thus maintaining electrical isolation between the rotor and the housing and preventing the housing from becoming electrified. Furthermore, liquid metal fills the interconnected first and second cavities and makes electrical contact with the rotor. Conductive terminals pass through the fixed base, making electrical contact with the liquid metal and leading out. This allows the anode target to form a conductive path sequentially through the rotor, liquid metal, and conductive terminals, thereby achieving reliable current extraction from the tube while maintaining electrical isolation between the rotor and the housing, and improving the stability of X-ray tube operation.

[0024] Furthermore, a mating hole is formed along the axial direction of the rotor, and at least a portion of the fixed base is inserted into the mating hole. The outer circumferential surface of the fixed base and the inner wall of the mating hole formed by the rotor together form at least a portion of the boundary of the second cavity. Thus, the second cavity is directly formed by the mating gap between the rotor and the fixed base, resulting in a compact structure without the need for additional cavity components.

[0025] Furthermore, the sealing ring is fitted onto the fixed base and fixedly connected to the end face of the rotor facing the second end. The sealing ring, the rotor, and the outer circumference of the fixed base together form a closed second cavity. Thus, the sealing ring rotates synchronously with the rotor, effectively preventing axial leakage of liquid metal from the second cavity during rotor rotation.

[0026] Furthermore, multiple connecting holes are spaced apart along the circumference of the fixed base, and each connecting hole connects to the first cavity and the second cavity respectively. The liquid metal can be evenly distributed from the first cavity to each circumferential area of ​​the second cavity, ensuring that the electrical contact between the liquid metal and the rotor is uniform and reliable in the circumferential direction.

[0027] Furthermore, the injection port is located on the side of the fixed base away from the housing and connects to the first cavity. Liquid metal is injected into the first cavity through the injection port and then flows into the second cavity. The plug is made of conductive material and is inserted into the injection port. Thus, the plug not only seals the injection port to prevent liquid metal leakage, but also makes electrical contact with the liquid metal in the first cavity to form a conductive terminal. This integrates the sealing function and the conductive lead-out function into the same component, reducing the number of parts and simplifying the tail structure of the die.

[0028] Furthermore, the third end of the central shaft is fixedly connected to the first end of the housing, and the fourth end of the central shaft is fixedly connected to the fixed base. The rotor and the anode target are fitted onto the central shaft and rotate around the central shaft. This achieves double-end support for the anode rotor, resulting in higher rotational stability and resistance to deformation compared to a single-end cantilever structure. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fixed base; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the anode target; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central rotor; Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the central axis. Detailed Implementation

[0030] As described in the background section, under high-voltage operating conditions at both ends, existing X-ray tubes have the anode target and rotor at a high potential, while the tube shell needs to be maintained at zero or low potential to ensure equipment safety. The rotor is typically mounted to the tube shell via bearings or a support structure. During assembly tolerances, vibration and wear, and long-term operation, metal-to-metal contact or conductive deposition pathways can easily form between the rotor and the tube shell, causing the tube shell to become electrified and posing a safety hazard. Simultaneously, the anode target generates a large amount of heat under continuous bombardment by a high-speed electron beam. If this heat cannot be effectively dissipated while ensuring electrical isolation, the continuously rising target surface temperature will shorten the X-ray tube's lifespan and may lead to serious failures such as target surface cracking or melting.

[0031] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an X-ray tube with a liquid metal conductive path. The X-ray tube with the liquid metal conductive path comprises: a housing including a receiving cavity, the housing having opposing first and second ends; an anode target rotatably disposed within the receiving cavity; a rotor connected to the anode target to drive the anode target to rotate, the rotor being closer to the second end than the anode target; a fixed base insulatedly connected to the second end, at least a portion of the fixed base passing through the housing and insulatedly connected to the rotor, the fixed base defining a first cavity, a second cavity formed at the connection between the rotor and the fixed base, the first cavity communicating with the second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity being filled with liquid metal for electrical contact with the rotor; and a conductive terminal passing through the fixed base and in electrical contact with the liquid metal, such that the anode target sequentially forms a conductive path through the rotor, the liquid metal, and the conductive terminal.

[0032] By employing the technical solution of this application, the fixed base is insulatedly connected to the housing and insulatedly connected to the rotor, thus maintaining electrical isolation between the rotor and the housing and preventing the housing from becoming electrified. Furthermore, liquid metal fills the interconnected first and second cavities and makes electrical contact with the rotor. Conductive terminals pass through the fixed base, making electrical contact with the liquid metal and leading out. This allows the anode target to form a conductive path sequentially through the rotor, liquid metal, and conductive terminals, thereby achieving reliable current extraction from the tube while maintaining electrical isolation between the rotor and the housing, and improving the stability of X-ray tube operation.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and beneficial effects of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle. Figure 3 yes Figure 1A schematic diagram of the fixed base 4.

[0035] In some embodiments, combined with Figures 1 to 7 The X-ray tube 100 with a liquid metal conductive path may include: a housing 1, including a receiving cavity 10, the housing 1 having a first end 11 and a second end 12 opposite to each other; an anode target 2, rotatably disposed within the receiving cavity 10; a rotor 3, connected to the anode target 2 to drive the anode target 2 to rotate, the rotor 3 being closer to the second end 12 than the anode target 2; a fixed base 4, insulatedly connected to the second end 12, at least a portion of the fixed base 4 passing through the housing 1 and insulatedly connected to the rotor 3, the fixed base 4 defining a first cavity 41, a second cavity 42 formed at the connection between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4, the first cavity 41 communicating with the second cavity 42, the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42 being filled with liquid metal for electrical contact with the rotor 3; and a conductive terminal 5, passing through the fixed base 4 and in electrical contact with the liquid metal, so that the anode target 2 forms a conductive path sequentially through the rotor 3, the liquid metal and the conductive terminal 5.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, the housing 1 may be made of a metallic material, such as stainless steel, Kovar alloy or oxygen-free copper, and form a vacuum-sealed receiving cavity 10 by a metal-to-ceramic or metal-to-metal sealing process.

[0037] Furthermore, the receiving cavity 10 is defined by the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0038] In some embodiments, the receiving cavity 10 can be a vacuum cavity that is approximately cylindrical or elliptical in shape.

[0039] Furthermore, at least a portion of the cathode assembly 7, anode target 2, rotor 3, central shaft 81, and fixed base 4 are all housed within the receiving cavity 10.

[0040] In some embodiments, the cavity 10 is kept in a high vacuum state to avoid the electron beam from colliding with gas molecules and losing energy during transmission, while also preventing the high-temperature anode target 2 from oxidizing at high temperatures.

[0041] In some embodiments, the cathode assembly 7 may include structures such as a filament, a focusing cup, and a high-voltage electrode. When the cathode assembly 7 is energized, it emits an electron beam upon heating. Under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the electron beam accelerates axially toward the anode target 2.

[0042] Furthermore, the anode target 2 may include a target disk 21, a heat storage structure 22, and a first connection structure 23.

[0043] The target disk 21 is located on the side of the anode target 2 facing the cathode assembly 7, and the surface of the target disk 21 is bombarded by the electron beam and generates X-rays.

[0044] Furthermore, the heat storage structure 22 is connected to the back of the target disk 21. The heat storage structure 22 can be made of high specific heat capacity materials such as graphite, tungsten-molybdenum alloy or copper alloy, and is used to absorb and temporarily store the heat generated by the target disk 21 under pulse bombardment.

[0045] Furthermore, the first connecting structure 23 is disposed on the side of the anode target 2 facing the rotor 3. The first connecting structure 23 has a first disk 232 and a plurality of first holes 231. The first holes 231 are distributed circumferentially on the first disk 232 and are used to fix the anode target 2 and the rotor 3 together by fasteners.

[0046] In practical applications, the anode target 2 rotates at high speed around the axis while being continuously bombarded by the electron beam, so that the heat is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, avoiding local overheating of the target disk 21.

[0047] In one variation, the bombarded surface of the target disk 21 can have an angle, which can be set from 6 degrees to 20 degrees to accommodate different focal size and imaging requirements.

[0048] Furthermore, the rotor 3 is connected to the anode target 2, and the rotor 3 drives the anode target 2 to rotate under electromagnetic drive.

[0049] Furthermore, rotor 3 is closer to the second end 12 than anode target 2.

[0050] In some embodiments, the rotor 3 can be mounted on the central shaft portion 81 and can rotate around the central shaft portion 81. Thus, the central shaft portion 81 enables the rotor 3 to rotate stably around the axis.

[0051] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 may be provided with an induction layer made of copper sleeve or ferromagnetic material, and the rotating magnetic field generated by the external stator coil acts on the rotor 3 to generate a rotational torque.

[0052] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The anode target 2 includes a first connecting structure 23. The first connecting structure 23 is disposed on the side of the anode target 2 facing the rotor 3. The first connecting structure 23 has a first disk 232 and a plurality of first holes 231. The first holes 231 are distributed circumferentially on the first disk 232 for fixing the anode target 2 to the rotor 3 by fasteners.

[0053] Furthermore, the rotor 3 may include a second connecting structure 31, which is fixedly connected to the first connecting structure 23 to realize the fixed connection between the rotor 3 and the anode target 2. The rotor 3 drives the anode target 2 to rotate under the electromagnetic drive.

[0054] Furthermore, the second connecting structure 31 includes a second disk 312 and a plurality of second holes 311. The second disk 312 is disposed on the end face of the rotor 3 facing the anode target 2, and the plurality of second holes 311 are distributed circumferentially on the second disk 312. The second holes 311 correspond one-to-one with the first holes 231 of the anode target 2. Fasteners pass through the second holes 311 and the first holes 231 to lock and fix the second connecting structure 31 to the first connecting structure 23, so that the rotor 3 and the anode target 2 form a reliable mechanical connection and torque transmission. Driven by the rotation of the rotor 3, the anode target 2 rotates stably at a speed of 6000 rpm to 15000 rpm.

[0055] It is worth noting that, Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, both the cathode assembly 7 and the rotor 3 are disposed on the side of the housing 1 near the second end 12. Along the direction from the first end 11 to the second end 12, the main components within the receiving cavity 10 are arranged sequentially as follows: the anode target 2 is located near the first end 11, with its target disk 21 facing the second end 12; the rotor 3 is fixedly connected to the anode target 2 via a first connecting structure 23 and a second connecting structure 31, with the rotor 3 located on the side of the anode target 2 facing the second end 12; the cathode assembly 7 is located in the receiving cavity 10 near the second end 12, emitting an electron beam toward the target disk 21 of the anode target 2. Thus, the electron beam emitted by the cathode assembly 7 accelerates axially from the second end 12 toward the target disk 21 of the anode target 2 and bombards the target surface to generate X-rays. This arrangement allows the cathode assembly 7 and the rotor 3 to be located on the same side of the second end 12, facilitating the extension of the fixing base 4 from the second end 12 and its connection to external circuitry. It also effectively shortens the lead-out path of the tube current from the anode target 2 through the rotor 3 and liquid metal to the conductive terminal 5, thereby reducing the overall size of the X-ray tube 100.

[0056] In some embodiments, the fixed base 4 and the housing 1 can be insulated and fixed by a ceramic insulating ring or an insulating gasket, so that the fixed base 4 and the housing 1 can maintain reliable electrical isolation.

[0057] In one variation, the mounting base 4 may also be made of insulating material.

[0058] Furthermore, at least a portion of the fixed base 4 passes through the housing 1 and extends outward to the second end 12, with the extended portion located outside the housing 1 to facilitate heat dissipation and external circuit connection.

[0059] In some embodiments, the fixed base 4 and the rotor 3 may also be insulated from each other, thereby preventing the high potential on the rotor 3 from being transmitted to the housing 1 via the fixed base 4.

[0060] In some embodiments, the mounting base 4 can be made of a metal material with good electrical and thermal conductivity, such as copper alloy, aluminum alloy, or stainless steel, to provide good electrical and thermal conductivity paths while ensuring mechanical strength. In this scenario, at least electrical isolation between the mounting base 4 and the housing 1 is required.

[0061] Furthermore, the fixed base 4 defines a first cavity 41.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first cavity 41 is formed by a blind hole or through hole structure extending axially on the fixed base 4.

[0063] Furthermore, the second cavity 42 is arranged around the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4, and the second cavity 42 is connected to the first cavity 41 to jointly form the filling space of liquid metal.

[0064] In some embodiments, the volume of the first cavity 41 is designed based on the amount of liquid metal filled and the thermal expansion margin to ensure that the liquid metal does not overflow or create cavities within the operating temperature range.

[0065] In other embodiments, the inner wall of the first cavity 41 may be polished or plated to reduce the contact resistance between the liquid metal and the inner wall of the first cavity 41, and to reduce the corrosion and wetting of the liquid metal at high temperatures.

[0066] In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the second cavity 42 is greater than the fitting clearance between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 and the inner wall of the rotor 3, so as to increase the contact area between the liquid metal and the inner wall of the rotor 3, reduce the contact resistance and improve the heat conduction efficiency.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42, as well as their connection, are filled with liquid metal to ensure the integrity of the electrical / thermal conduction pathway.

[0068] Furthermore, the conductive terminal 5 passes through the fixed base 4 and makes electrical contact with the liquid metal in the first cavity 41.

[0069] In some embodiments, the conductive terminal 5 may be made of copper, copper alloy, silver, or tungsten copper composite material.

[0070] Furthermore, one end of the conductive terminal 5 extends into the first cavity 41 and contacts the liquid metal, while the other end extends out to the outside of the fixed base 4 and connects to the external circuit.

[0071] In practical applications, after the current is generated from the anode target 2, it flows sequentially through the rotor 3, the liquid metal, and the conductive terminal 5, and is finally discharged to the outside of the housing 1, forming a complete and independent conductive path. Simultaneously, the liquid metal fills the gap between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4, allowing the heat from the anode target 2 to be transferred sequentially through the rotor 3, the liquid metal, and the fixed base 4 to the outside of the housing 1. Therefore, the fixed base 4 can simultaneously perform the dual functions of current extraction and heat dissipation, while the rotor 3 and the housing 1 remain electrically isolated at all times.

[0072] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The rotor 3 has a mating hole 32 along the axial direction. At least a part of the fixed base 4 is inserted into the mating hole 32. The outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 and the inner wall of the mating hole 32 formed by the rotor 3 together form at least a part of the boundary of the second cavity 42.

[0073] Specifically, the mating hole 32 is opened along the axial direction of the rotor 3 and passes through the end of the rotor 3 toward the second end 12.

[0074] In some embodiments, the mating hole 32 can be a cylindrical hole.

[0075] Furthermore, the end of the fixed base 4 facing the first end 11 is inserted into the mating hole 32, and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 is positioned opposite to the inner wall of the mating hole 32 formed by the rotor 3. At least part of the boundary of the second cavity 42 is defined by the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 and the inner wall of the mating hole 32 formed by the rotor 3, eliminating the need to additionally machine a separate annular cavity on the rotor 3 or the fixed base 4. Thus, the second cavity 42 is directly formed by the mating clearance, simplifying the part structure, shortening the axial dimension, and facilitating the compact design of the tail structure of the X-ray tube 100 core.

[0076] In some embodiments, the X-ray tube 100 may further include: a sealing ring 6, which is sleeved on the fixed base 4 and fixedly connected to the end face of the rotor 3 facing the second end 12, wherein the sealing ring 6, the rotor 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 enclose the second cavity 42.

[0077] In some embodiments, the sealing ring 6 may be an annular metal component or a metal-ceramic composite component.

[0078] In some embodiments, the sealing ring 6 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4, and the inner diameter of the sealing ring 6 maintains a small gap or fit with the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4.

[0079] Furthermore, the end face of the sealing ring 6 facing the first end 11 is fitted and fixed to the end face of the rotor 3 facing the second end 12.

[0080] In some embodiments, the fixed connection between the sealing ring 6 and the rotor 3 can be achieved by, for example, screw locking, welding, or interference fit.

[0081] Furthermore, the sealing ring 6 rotates synchronously with the rotor 3, effectively preventing liquid metal from leaking axially from the second cavity 42 toward the second end 12 during the high-speed rotation of the rotor 3, thus improving the reliability of the liquid metal seal.

[0082] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 is provided with an annular groove 43 extending circumferentially along the fixed base 4, and the inner wall of the rotor 3 forming the mating hole 32 closes at least a portion of the opening of the annular groove 43.

[0083] Specifically, the annular groove 43 can be formed in the middle area of ​​the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4.

[0084] Furthermore, the opening of the annular groove 43 faces the inner wall of the mating hole 32 formed by the rotor 3, and the inner wall of the mating hole 32 formed by the rotor 3 covers and closes at least a portion of the opening of the annular groove 43, so that the annular groove 43 and the inner wall of the rotor 3 together form at least a portion of the liquid storage space of the second cavity 42.

[0085] In one variation, the inner wall of the mating hole 32 may have a recess corresponding to the annular groove 43 to further increase the volume of the second cavity 42.

[0086] In another embodiment, the mating gap between the mating hole 32 and the fixed base 4 can vary axially. For example, the gap near the second cavity 42 is slightly larger than in other areas to facilitate the filling of more liquid metal, thereby reducing resistivity and ensuring the conductive function achieved by the liquid metal.

[0087] In some embodiments, at least two sets of sealing grooves 44 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4, respectively disposed on both sides of the annular groove 43 along the axial direction of the fixed base 4.

[0088] Specifically, the sealing groove 44 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 and is located on both sides of the annular groove 43 along the axial direction.

[0089] Furthermore, each set of sealing grooves 44 may include one or more grooves extending circumferentially.

[0090] In some embodiments, an elastic sealing ring or a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) seal may be embedded in the sealing groove 44.

[0091] Furthermore, the sealing groove 44 near the second end 12 engages with the sealing ring 6 to prevent liquid metal from leaking to the tail of the fixed base 4; the sealing groove 44 near the first end 11 engages with the inner wall of the rotor 3 to prevent liquid metal from migrating into the vacuum area of ​​the receiving cavity 10. Thus, at least two sets of sealing grooves 44 significantly improve the axial sealing reliability of the second cavity 42, avoiding interruption of the pipe current circuit or vacuum contamination caused by liquid metal leakage.

[0092] In the embodiments disclosed in this application, the second cavity 42 is an annular sealed cavity surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4, and its boundary is defined by multiple components.

[0093] Specifically, in the radial direction, the outer boundary of the second cavity 42 is formed by splicing the inner wall of the mating hole 32 of the rotor 3 and the inner wall of the sealing ring 6, and the inner boundary is the bottom wall and side wall of the annular groove 43. The annular gap between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4 constitutes at least a part of the volume of the second cavity 42.

[0094] Furthermore, in the axial direction, the side of the second cavity 42 facing the first end 11 is closed by a sealing groove 44, and the side facing the second end 12 is closed by another set of sealing grooves 44, thereby forming an annular cavity sealed at both ends.

[0095] Furthermore, the annular groove 43 on the outer circumference of the fixed base 4 increases the radial depth of the second cavity 42 in the corresponding area, forming the main liquid storage space of the second cavity 42, thereby significantly increasing the effective filling amount of liquid metal without changing the overall dimensions of the mating hole 32 and the fixed base 4.

[0096] It should be understood that the fixed base 4 where the sealing groove 44 is located is a stationary part, while the inner wall of the mating hole 32 that contacts the sealing element in the sealing groove 44 rotates at high speed with the rotor 3, and the seal at the sealing groove 44 is a rotary dynamic seal.

[0097] Furthermore, the sealing element embedded in the sealing groove 44 and the inner wall of the mating hole 32 of the rotor 3 form a sliding friction fit. The sealing element provides a liquid metal sealing function without hindering the rotation of the rotor 3. Thus, when the rotor 3 rotates at high speed, the sealing structure at the sealing groove 44 ensures sealing reliability while avoiding a significant increase in the rotational resistance of the rotor 3, thus balancing the sealing requirements of the liquid metal and the rotational stability of the rotor 3.

[0098] In some embodiments, the sealing groove 44 may also be filled with a low vapor pressure sealing grease to further improve the sealing effect.

[0099] In some embodiments, the fixed base 4 is further provided with a plurality of connecting holes 45, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the fixed base 4, and each connecting hole 45 connects the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42.

[0100] Specifically, the connecting holes 45 are formed within the wall thickness of the fixed base 4, and the connecting holes 45 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed base 4.

[0101] Furthermore, each connecting hole 45 has a first opening on the side of the first cavity 41 and a second opening on the side of the annular groove 43 or the second cavity 42, so that multiple parallel flow channels are formed between the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42.

[0102] In some embodiments, the connecting hole 45 may extend radially or obliquely to allow the liquid metal to flow freely between the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42 under gravity, capillary action or centrifugal action.

[0103] Thus, the multiple connecting holes 45 enable the liquid metal to be evenly distributed from the first cavity 41 to each circumferential region of the second cavity 42, ensuring that the liquid metal and the inner wall of the rotor 3 form uniform electrical and thermal contact in the circumferential direction, and avoiding current concentration or local overheating caused by poor local contact.

[0104] In some embodiments, the number of connecting holes 45 may be two, three, four or more.

[0105] In some embodiments, the connecting holes 45 may be evenly spaced circumferentially distributed or non-uniformly distributed to adapt to local heat flux density. In some embodiments, the aperture of the connecting holes 45 may be designed according to the viscosity and flow rate requirements of the liquid metal, for example, set to 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0106] In some embodiments, combined with Figures 1 to 4 Along the direction from the first end 11 to the second end 12, the fixed base 4 has a liquid injection hole 46 on the side away from the housing 1. The liquid injection hole 46 is connected to the first cavity 41, and the liquid metal enters the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42 through the liquid injection hole 46.

[0107] Specifically, the injection hole 46 can be opened in the central area of ​​the end face of the fixed base 4 facing the second end 12.

[0108] In one variation, the inlet of the injection hole 46 may be provided with a guide chamfer or internal thread to facilitate the connection of the injection tool and the installation of the plug 49.

[0109] In some embodiments, combined with Figures 1 to 4The X-ray tube 100 further includes a plug 49, which is inserted into the injection hole 46 and makes electrical contact with the liquid metal in the first cavity 41. The plug 49 is made of a conductive material, and the conductive terminal 5 is formed by reusing the plug 49.

[0110] In some embodiments, the plug 49 may be made of copper, copper alloy, aluminum or other conductive metal materials.

[0111] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the plug 49 matches the inner contour of the injection hole 46.

[0112] In some embodiments, the plug 49 is inserted into the injection hole 46, and the plug 49 and the injection hole 46 are mechanically fixed and sealed by threaded connection, interference fit, or welding. The end face of the plug 49 facing the first end 11 extends into the first cavity 41 and is in direct contact with the liquid metal, while the end face of the plug 49 facing the second end 12 is exposed outside the fixed base 4. Since the plug 49 is made of conductive material, the plug 49 also serves as a conductive terminal 5, and external circuits can be directly connected to the end of the plug 49 located outside the housing 1. Thus, the plug 49 integrates the sealing function of the injection hole 46 and the current extraction function of the tube into the same component, reducing the need for separate installation of the conductive terminal 5, simplifying the structural layout of the tail of the fixed base 4, and reducing the number of parts and assembly complexity.

[0113] During assembly, liquid metal is injected into the first cavity 41 through the injection hole 46, and then, under pressure or capillary action, flows further into the second cavity 42 through the connecting hole 45 until both the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42 are filled with liquid metal. After injection, the injection hole 46 is sealed by the plug 49. Thus, the injection hole 46 provides a convenient channel for the filling of liquid metal, facilitating control of the filling amount and venting of gas from the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42, ensuring sufficient and uniform filling of the liquid metal.

[0114] In one variation, the end face of the plug 49 facing the liquid metal may be provided with a groove or a boss to increase the contact area with the liquid metal.

[0115] In another embodiment, an elastic gasket or sealing solder may be provided between the plug 49 and the fixed base 4 to further improve the sealing reliability.

[0116] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 7The X-ray tube 100 may further include: a central axial portion 81, extending in the direction from the first end 11 to the second end 12 and having opposing third ends 811 and fourth ends 812, the third end 811 being fixedly connected to the first end 11, the fourth end 812 being fixedly connected to the fixed base 4, the rotor 3 and the anode target 2 being sleeved on the central axial portion 81 and rotating around the central axial portion 81.

[0117] Specifically, the central shaft portion 81 can be an axially extending slender shaft or a hollow shaft, and the central shaft portion 81 penetrates the receiving cavity 10 in the direction from the first end 11 to the second end 12.

[0118] Furthermore, the third end 811 of the central shaft portion 81 is close to the first end 11 and is fixedly connected to the first end 11 of the housing 1, and the fourth end 812 of the central shaft portion 81 is close to the second end 12 and is indirectly fixedly connected to the second end 12 of the housing 1 through a fixed connection with the fixed base 4.

[0119] In some embodiments, both the rotor 3 and the anode target 2 are mounted on the central shaft portion 81, and the rotor 3 can rotate at high speed around the central shaft portion 81. Thus, the two ends of the central shaft portion 81 are fixed to the housing 1 and the fixed base 4 respectively, forming a double-end support structure, which significantly improves the radial stiffness and deformation resistance of the anode target 2 during rotation, reduces vibration and oscillation at high speeds, and improves the rotational stability and imaging quality of the X-ray tube 100.

[0120] In some embodiments, the fixed base 4 is further provided with a plug hole 47 communicating with the first cavity 41 on the side facing the first end 11, the fourth end 812 of the central shaft portion 81 is located in the plug hole 47, and the end face of the fourth end 812 forms the boundary of the first cavity 41 facing the first end 11.

[0121] Thus, the fourth end 812 of the central shaft 81 is positioned and reliably connected to the fixed base 4 through the insertion hole 47. At the same time, the end face of the fourth end 812 directly participates in defining the volume of the first cavity 41, which simplifies the structural design of the end boundary of the first cavity 41 and is beneficial to controlling the filling space of the liquid metal.

[0122] In one variation, the fourth end 812 and the insertion hole 47 can be connected by a threaded connection or pin positioning to further enhance the connection strength.

[0123] In another embodiment, the end face of the fourth end 812 may be provided with a sealing coating or gasket to improve the sealing performance of the end of the first cavity 41.

[0124] In some embodiments, the X-ray tube 100 further includes: a bushing 82, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotor 3, and the bushing 82 is sleeved on the central shaft portion 81; and a ball bearing assembly 83, which is disposed between the bushing 82 and the central shaft portion 81 to realize relative rotation between the bushing 82 and the central shaft portion 81.

[0125] Specifically, the bushing 82 can be a cylindrical or annular sleeve-shaped component. The outer circumferential surface of the bushing 82 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotor 3, and the inner circumferential surface of the bushing 82 is sleeved on the central shaft portion 81.

[0126] In some embodiments, the bushing 82 may be made of metal, ceramic or composite material.

[0127] Furthermore, bushing 82 provides a mounting base and raceway for ball assembly 83.

[0128] Furthermore, each ball assembly 83 may include multiple spherical rolling elements arranged at circumferential intervals, and the ball assembly 83 is disposed between the inner circumferential surface of the bushing 82 and the outer circumferential surface of the central shaft portion 81. The ball assembly 83 forms a rolling support between the bushing 82 and the central shaft portion 81, enabling the bushing 82 to drive the rotor 3 to rotate relative to the central shaft portion 81. Thus, the bushing 82 and the ball assembly 83 together constitute a ball bearing structure, providing stable support for the rotation of the anode target 2 and the rotor 3.

[0129] In some embodiments, the central shaft portion 81 may include a mating section 813 and two connecting sections 814 along the axial direction. The mating section 813 is located in the middle of the central shaft portion 81, and the outer peripheral surface of the mating section 813 is used to fit the bushing 82 and the ball assembly 83.

[0130] Furthermore, two connecting sections 814 are respectively disposed on both sides of the mating section 813, and the radial dimension of the connecting section 814 is smaller than that of the mating section 813. The connecting sections 814 extend from both ends of the rotor 3 and are respectively connected to the first end 11 of the housing 1 and the fixed base 4. Thus, by making the radial dimension of the connecting section 814 smaller than that of the mating section 813, it is possible to ensure that the mating section 813 has sufficient support rigidity while avoiding interference between the connecting section 814 and the inner wall of the rotor 3, and to provide sufficient axial space and assembly clearance for both ends of the rotor 3.

[0131] In some embodiments, the ball assembly 83 may employ a single-row, double-row, or multi-row rolling element arrangement to accommodate different load requirements.

[0132] In another embodiment, the inner wall of the bushing 82 or the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft portion 81 may be provided with a raceway groove, and the ball assembly 83 is directly installed in the raceway groove, thereby omitting the separate bearing cage.

[0133] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 7 The X-ray tube 100 includes at least two bushings 82 and at least two sets of ball bearings 83 that cooperate with each other. Along the direction from the first end 11 to the second end 12, at least two bushings 82 and at least two sets of ball bearings 83 are spaced apart.

[0134] Specifically, the X-ray tube 100 may include two, three, or more bushings 82, and ball bearing assemblies 83 that mate with each bushing 82. Along the direction from the first end 11 to the second end 12, multiple bushings 82 and ball bearing assemblies 83 are spaced apart on the central shaft portion 81. For example, one set of bushings 82 and ball bearing assemblies 83 is positioned near the first end 11, and another set is positioned near the second end 12. A certain axial distance is maintained between adjacent sets of ball bearing assemblies 83 to distribute the radial load and overturning moment applied by the rotor 3 and the anode target 2. Thus, at least two sets of bushings 82 and ball bearing assemblies 83 form a multi-point support structure, significantly improving the support stiffness and anti-eccentric load capacity of the rotor 3 and the anode target 2, and extending the bearing service life.

[0135] In practical applications, at least two sets of bushings 82 and ball bearings 83 can use the same specifications and dimensions, or different specifications can be used according to the difference in load at both ends.

[0136] In some embodiments, the bushing 82 and the inner wall of the rotor 3 are interference-fitted.

[0137] The interference fit ensures a tight mechanical connection and reliable torque transmission between the bushing 82 and the rotor 3, preventing slippage or loosening of the bushing 82 relative to the rotor 3 during high-speed rotation. Simultaneously, the interference fit also aids in heat conduction, allowing heat from the rotor 3 to be more effectively transferred to the bushing 82 and the central shaft 81. Therefore, the interference fit between the bushing 82 and the rotor 3 improves the reliability of the rotating component connection and simplifies the need for additional axial positioning structures.

[0138] In a variation, in addition to an interference fit, the bushing 82 and the rotor 3 can also use a keyed connection, splined connection or pin connection as auxiliary positioning.

[0139] Alternatively, the outer circumferential surface of the bushing 82 may be provided with a microtexture or coating to improve the coefficient of friction and anti-slip capability of the interference fit.

[0140] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 7 The central shaft portion 81 is made of ceramic material.

[0141] Specifically, the central shaft portion 81 can be made of alumina ceramic, silicon nitride ceramic, silicon carbide ceramic, or other high-performance structural ceramic materials. Ceramic materials possess high hardness, high wear resistance, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and excellent insulation properties. The central shaft portion 81 made of ceramic materials can maintain dimensional stability and surface wear resistance under high speed, high load, and high temperature environments. At the same time, the insulating properties of ceramic materials help to further isolate the potential between the rotor 3 and the housing 1, preventing tube current from being accidentally conducted to the housing 1 through the central shaft portion 81. Thus, the ceramic central shaft portion 81 significantly improves the operational reliability and electrical safety of the X-ray tube 100 under high temperature and high vacuum conditions.

[0142] In the actual production process, the central shaft 81 can be formed by integral ceramic sintering or by a composite structure of ceramic inner core and metal outer sleeve.

[0143] In some embodiments, the surface of the central shaft portion 81 may be polished or coated to reduce the coefficient of friction between the ball assembly 83 and the central shaft portion 81.

[0144] In some embodiments, the ball assembly 83 is made of ceramic material.

[0145] Specifically, the rolling elements in the ball assembly 83 can be made of silicon nitride ceramic, zirconia ceramic, silicon carbide ceramic, or other ceramic materials. Ceramic materials possess high hardness, low density, high temperature resistance, and excellent insulation properties. The low density of ceramic materials reduces centrifugal force and gyroscopic effect during high-speed rotation, which helps to increase the bearing's limiting speed. The high hardness and wear resistance of ceramic materials reduce wear between the balls and raceways in the ball assembly 83, extending bearing life. Simultaneously, the insulating properties of ceramic materials, used in conjunction with the ceramic central shaft portion 81, further cut off potential conductive paths between the rotor 3 and the housing 1, enhancing the electrical isolation reliability of the double-ended high-voltage X-ray tube 100.

[0146] Understandably, the central shaft 81, bushing 82, and ball bearing assembly 83 are made of ceramic material. Ceramic has high hardness, high elastic modulus, and excellent wear resistance, which can provide reliable rotational support and long-term wear resistance for the rotor 3 and anode target 2. However, ceramic material also has the characteristics of high electrical insulation and low thermal conductivity. If only ceramic components are used, an effective electrical contact and thermal coupling path cannot be formed between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4, resulting in unreliable current conduction and difficulty in effectively dissipating heat from the anode target 2.

[0147] In this embodiment of the invention, by filling the second cavity 42 with liquid metal, which makes electrical contact with the rotor 3 and the conductive terminal 5, the aforementioned deficiencies of the ceramic material are precisely compensated for. This forms a conductive path from the anode target 2, rotor 3, and liquid metal to the conductive terminal 5, allowing the tube current to be reliably discharged even with the ceramic component insulated. Simultaneously, the liquid metal fills the mating gap between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4, forming a heat-conducting path from the anode target 2 through the rotor 3 and liquid metal to the fixed base 4, enabling the working heat of the anode target 2 to be efficiently transferred to the fixed base 4 and dissipated through the heat dissipation structure 48. Thus, the ceramic component and the liquid metal complement each other functionally: the ceramic provides mechanical support and wear resistance, while the liquid metal provides electrical and thermal conductivity. Their synergistic effect ensures the rotational accuracy and service life of the X-ray tube 100 while achieving reliable tube current discharge and effective heat management.

[0148] In some embodiments, the portion of the fixed base 4 located outside the housing 1 is provided with a heat dissipation structure 48.

[0149] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation structure 48 may include a plurality of heat dissipation fins spaced apart circumferentially.

[0150] Alternatively, the heat dissipation structure 48 may also include heat dissipation fins, etc.

[0151] Therefore, the heat dissipation structure 48 increases the contact area between the fixed base 4 and the external cooling medium (such as air, cooling oil, or cooling water jacket), accelerating the heat transfer from the fixed base 4 to the external environment. Since the heat generated by the anode target 2 is conducted to the outside of the housing 1 via the rotor 3, liquid metal, and fixed base 4, the efficient heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation structure 48 reduces the operating temperature of the liquid metal, inhibiting its volatilization and oxidation at high temperatures, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the liquid metal's conductive path and thermal coupling path.

[0152] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation structure 48 may employ any one or more combinations of radial fins, axial fins, or needle fins.

[0153] In some embodiments, a forced air cooling or liquid cooling jacket may be added to the outside of the fixed base 4 to further improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0154] In some embodiments, the liquid metal is a gallium indium tin alloy.

[0155] Specifically, the liquid metal can be a gallium indium tin (CITi) ternary alloy, such as a CITi alloy with a eutectic composition. CITi alloys remain liquid at room temperature and possess a low melting point, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and good chemical stability. The liquid CITi alloy can fully fill the minute gaps within the first cavity 41, the second cavity 42, and the connecting hole 45, forming comprehensive contact with the inner wall of the rotor 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4, reducing contact resistance and improving heat transfer efficiency. Within the operating temperature range of the X-ray tube 100, the CITi alloy remains liquid and exhibits good fluidity, and its electrical and thermal conductivity will not be affected by solidification or excessive volatilization.

[0156] In one variation, the liquid metal may also be a gallium-indium alloy, a gallium-tin alloy, or a modified gallium-based alloy with trace amounts of other metal elements.

[0157] Furthermore, antioxidants or surfactants can be added to liquid metals to inhibit oxidation and interfacial corrosion at high temperatures.

[0158] In some embodiments, the liquid metal is also used to achieve thermal coupling between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4, so that the heat of the anode target 2 is transferred to the outside of the housing 1 via the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4.

[0159] In some embodiments, liquid metal can serve as both a conductive medium and a thermal coupling medium.

[0160] In a typical application scenario, the heat generated by the electron beam bombardment of the anode target 2 is first conducted to the rotor 3. The heat from the rotor 3 then enters the liquid metal in the second cavity 42 through contact conduction. During its flow, the liquid metal carries the heat to the first cavity 41, and then through the fixed base 4 to the heat dissipation structure 48 located outside the housing 1, and finally dissipates it into the external environment. Thus, while achieving electrical contact conduction, the liquid metal also forms an efficient thermal coupling path between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4, enabling the heat from the anode target 2 to be continuously discharged while ensuring electrical isolation. This effectively controls the operating temperature of the anode target 2 and the rotor 3, improving the continuous operating capability and service life of the X-ray tube 100.

[0161] Furthermore, the flow of liquid metal within the second cavity 42 can be enhanced by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor 3, thereby further improving heat exchange efficiency. In another embodiment, an independent coolant channel can be formed inside the fixed base 4 to cooperate with the heat dissipation structure 48 to achieve more efficient heat dissipation.

[0162] Therefore, by adopting the technical solution of this application, the fixed base 4 is insulatedly connected to the housing 1 and insulatedly connected to the rotor 3, so that the rotor 3 and the housing 1 are electrically isolated, thus preventing the housing 1 from becoming energized. Furthermore, liquid metal is filled in the interconnected first cavity 41 and second cavity 42 and is in electrical contact with the rotor 3. The conductive terminal 5 passes through the fixed base 4, is in electrical contact with the liquid metal, and is led out. This allows the anode target 2 to form a conductive path through the rotor 3, the liquid metal, and the conductive terminal 5 in sequence. Thus, under the premise of electrical isolation between the rotor 3 and the housing 1, reliable current extraction is achieved, improving the operational stability of the X-ray tube 100.

[0163] Furthermore, the rotor 3 has a mating hole 32 along its axial direction, and at least a portion of the fixed base 4 is inserted into the mating hole 32. The outer peripheral surface of the fixed base 4 and the inner wall of the mating hole 32 formed by the rotor 3 together form at least a portion of the boundary of the second cavity 42. Thus, the second cavity 42 is directly formed by the mating gap between the rotor 3 and the fixed base 4, resulting in a compact structure without the need for additional cavity components.

[0164] Furthermore, the sealing ring 6 is fitted onto the fixed base 4 and fixedly connected to the end face of the rotor 3 facing the second end 12. The sealing ring 6, the rotor 3, and the outer circumferential surface of the fixed base 4 together form a closed second cavity 42. Thus, the sealing ring 6 rotates synchronously with the rotor 3, effectively preventing axial leakage of liquid metal from the second cavity 42 during the rotation of the rotor 3.

[0165] Furthermore, multiple connecting holes 45 are spaced apart along the circumference on the fixed base 4. Each connecting hole 45 connects to the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42 respectively. The liquid metal can be evenly distributed from the first cavity 41 to each circumferential area of ​​the second cavity 42, ensuring that the electrical contact between the liquid metal and the rotor 3 is uniform and reliable in the circumferential direction.

[0166] Furthermore, the injection hole 46 is located on the side of the fixed base 4 away from the housing 1 and connects to the first cavity 41. Liquid metal is injected into the first cavity 41 through the injection hole 46 and then flows into the second cavity 42. The plug 49 is made of conductive material and is inserted into the injection hole 46. Thus, the plug 49 not only seals the injection hole 46 to prevent liquid metal leakage, but also makes electrical contact with the liquid metal in the first cavity 41 to form a conductive terminal 5. The sealing function and the conductive lead-out function are integrated into the same component, reducing the number of parts and simplifying the tail structure of the core.

[0167] Furthermore, the third end 811 of the central shaft portion 81 is fixedly connected to the first end 11 of the housing 1, and the fourth end 812 of the central shaft portion 81 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 4. The rotor 3 and the anode target 2 are sleeved on the central shaft portion 81 and rotate around the central shaft portion 81. Thus, the anode rotor 3 is supported at both ends, which has higher rotational stability and resistance to deformation compared to a single-end cantilever structure.

[0168] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. As used herein, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "or" covers all possible combinations unless impractical. For example, if a component is declared to include A or B, then unless explicitly stated otherwise or impractical, the component can include A, or B, or A and B. As a second example, if a component is declared to include A, B, or C, then unless explicitly stated otherwise or impractical, the component can include A, or B, or C, or A and B, or A and C, or B and C, or A and B and C.

[0169] In the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0170] Relational terms appearing in the embodiments of this application, such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish an entity or operation from another entity or operation, without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the words "comprising," "having," and "including," and other similar forms, are intended to be equivalent in meaning and are open-ended; one or more items following any of these words do not imply an exhaustive list of such items or that they are limited to only the listed items. Exemplary embodiments have been disclosed in the drawings and specification. However, many variations and modifications can be made to these embodiments. Therefore, although specific terminology is used, it is used only in a general and descriptive sense and not for limiting purposes.

[0171] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An X-ray tube having a liquid metal conductive path, characterized in that, include: A housing, including a receiving cavity, the housing having opposing first and second ends; An anode target is rotatably disposed within the receiving cavity; A rotor, connected to the anode target to drive the anode target to rotate, wherein the rotor is closer to the second end than the anode target; A fixed base is insulatedly connected to the second end, at least a portion of the fixed base passes through the housing and is insulatedly connected to the rotor, the fixed base defines a first cavity, a second cavity is formed at the connection between the rotor and the fixed base, the first cavity communicates with the second cavity, and the first cavity and the second cavity are filled with liquid metal for electrical contact with the rotor; A conductive terminal is inserted through the fixed base and makes electrical contact with the liquid metal, so that the anode target forms a conductive path through the rotor, the liquid metal and the conductive terminal in sequence.

2. The X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor has a mating hole along its axial direction, and at least a portion of the fixed base is inserted into the mating hole. The outer peripheral surface of the fixed base and the inner wall of the rotor forming the mating hole together form at least a portion of the boundary of the second cavity.

3. The X-ray tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A sealing ring is fitted onto the fixed base and fixedly connected to the end face of the rotor facing the second end. The sealing ring, the rotor, and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed base together form the second cavity.

4. The X-ray tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the fixed base is provided with an annular groove extending circumferentially along the fixed base, and the inner wall of the rotor forming the mating hole closes at least a portion of the opening of the annular groove.

5. The X-ray tube according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the fixed base is also provided with at least two sets of sealing grooves, which are respectively located on both sides of the annular groove along the axial direction of the fixed base.

6. The X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base is also provided with a plurality of connecting holes, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the fixed base, and each connecting hole connects the first cavity and the second cavity.

7. The X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the direction from the first end to the second end, the fixed base has a liquid injection hole on the side away from the housing. The liquid injection hole is connected to the first cavity, and the liquid metal enters the first cavity and the second cavity through the liquid injection hole.

8. The X-ray tube according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A plug is inserted into the injection hole and makes electrical contact with the liquid metal in the first cavity. The plug is made of a conductive material, and the conductive terminal is formed by reusing the plug.

9. The X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The central shaft extends in the direction from the first end to the second end and has a third end and a fourth end opposite to each other. The third end is fixedly connected to the first end, and the fourth end is fixedly connected to the fixed base. The rotor and the anode target are sleeved on the central shaft and rotate around the central shaft.

10. The X-ray tube according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fixed base also has a plug hole on the side facing the first end that communicates with the first cavity. The fourth end of the central shaft is located in the plug hole, and the end face of the fourth end forms the boundary of the first cavity on the side facing the first end.

11. The X-ray tube according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A bushing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotor, and the bushing is sleeved on the central shaft portion; A ball bearing assembly is disposed between the bushing and the central shaft portion to enable relative rotation between the bushing and the central shaft portion.

12. The X-ray tube according to claim 11, characterized in that, It includes at least two bushings and at least two sets of mating ball bearings, arranged at intervals along the direction from the first end to the second end.

13. The X-ray tube according to claim 11, characterized in that, The bushing and the inner wall of the rotor are interference-fitted; and / or The central axial portion is made of ceramic material; and / or The bushing is made of ceramic material; and / or The ball bearing assembly is made of ceramic material.

14. The X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portion of the fixed base located outside the housing is provided with heat dissipation fins.

15. The X-ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid metal is a gallium-indium-tin alloy; and / or The liquid metal is also used to achieve thermal coupling between the rotor and the fixed base, so that the heat of the anode target is transferred to the outside of the housing via the rotor and the fixed base.

Images