A broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna group array signal synthesis system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna group array signal synthesis system, belong to aerospace TT&C communication field, including antenna and radio frequency channel, signal acquisition distribution equipment, high-speed switching network and antenna group array broadband signal synthesis prototype;In antenna group array broadband signal synthesis prototype, through the loaded time delay calibration and amplitude adjustment module, the digital channelization processing module of reconfigurable filter group, sub-band time delay difference and phase difference estimation and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis module are carried out to the synthesis of broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal.The application can be directly applied to the ground receiving station construction of moon, mars and deep space exploration mission, greatly reduce the construction cost of large aperture antenna, provide high reliability, low-cost engineering solution for high-speed low signal-to-noise ratio data transmission reception.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) communication, and more specifically, to a broadband low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) multi-antenna array signal synthesis system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace tracking and control technology, countries have begun to explore more distant parts of space, starting with lunar exploration (currently 4×10⁻⁶ kilometers from Earth). 5 The distance from Earth (4 x 10 kilometers) will be gradually expanded to Mars (4 x 10 kilometers from Earth). 8 (kilometers) and Jupiter exploration (9.7 × 10⁻⁶ kilometers from Earth ...). 8 This (in kilometers) can cause severe link transmission loss, resulting in weak signal power received by ground stations. Simultaneously, the demand for high-speed aerospace satellite communications is constantly increasing worldwide, leading to higher signal bandwidth and modulation order, and consequently, higher bit error rates. Ground stations need to achieve higher received signal-to-noise ratios to meet their demodulation thresholds. Antenna array signal synthesis can fully utilize existing site resources, forming an antenna array with multiple antennas to receive downlink data signals from the same target. Then, the signals received from different antennas are coherently combined, thereby improving the received signal-to-noise ratio and power. Compared to building large-aperture antenna systems, antenna array systems have significant advantages in terms of scalability, reliability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.

[0003] Antenna array technology was first proposed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1965. Theoretically, an array of N antennas can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of received signals by a factor of N compared to a single antenna. Over the past few decades, various algorithms have emerged, including full-spectrum synthesis, baseband synthesis, symbol stream synthesis, carrier array synthesis, and complex symbol synthesis. The latter four methods require carrier / subcarrier tracking and locking by the antenna elements before synthesis, making them only suitable for high-SNR loop conditions and unsuitable for low-SNR broadband data transmission in future deep-space environments. Full-spectrum synthesis algorithms, which do not require carrier locking, have greater potential for application in deep-space array systems. However, these algorithms are computationally intensive, have high system overhead when processing broadband signal synthesis, and require high performance from prototypes for subsequent array expansion. Therefore, further improving the broadband synthesis efficiency and engineering applications of full-spectrum synthesis algorithms has become a research hotspot in the aerospace field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a broadband low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) multi-antenna array signal synthesis system, which can be used for array reception of data transmission signals under downlink high-speed low SNR conditions, improve the gain of the received signal at ground stations, and can be widely applied in the field of aerospace telemetry and communication.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following solution: A broadband low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signal synthesis system using a multi-antenna array includes: an antenna and a radio frequency (RF) channel, a signal acquisition and distribution device, a high-speed switching network, and an antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype. The antenna and RF channel receive downlink broadband data transmission signals transmitted by a satellite and process them to form downlink data transmission intermediate frequency (IF) signals. The signal acquisition and distribution device samples the downlink data transmission IF signals, converts them into digital IP (digital IP) signals, and then stores and transmits the signals to the antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype via a high-speed network switching device. The prototype synthesizes broadband low SNR signals through its loaded time delay calibration and amplitude adjustment module, digital channelization processing module for reconfigurable filter banks, sub-band time delay difference and phase difference estimation, and low SNR broadband signal synthesis module.

[0006] Furthermore, the proposed antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype adopts a heterogeneous computing resource architecture of CPU and GPU, divided into three layers: functional application, management and control services, and basic resources. The basic resource layer adopts a cluster design, which integrates computing resources and uses virtualization technology to abstract physical resources into logical resources for use by the upper layer, supporting the needs of future large-scale antenna arrays. The management and control service layer provides a development environment and API interfaces to ensure timely and reliable service responses to business service requests. The functional application layer, through an integrated framework and the basic support of the management and control service layer, calls resources from the basic layer to realize software processing functions such as delay calibration and amplitude adjustment, digital channelization processing of reconfigurable filter banks, sub-band delay difference and phase difference estimation, and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis.

[0007] Furthermore, the delay calibration and amplitude adjustment module specifically employs a generalized cross-correlation algorithm and phase taking operation to calibrate the fixed delay of the antenna and radio frequency channel, and in the signal synthesis process, performs real-time measurement and correction of coarse delay jitter and phase drift at the microsecond level caused by the device.

[0008] Furthermore, the digital channelization processing module of the reconfigurable filter bank specifically uses the analysis filter bank to divide the broadband signal into subbands, providing a preliminary basis for the estimation and compensation of coherent parameters in the subsequent synthesis process of the arrayed broadband signal; the synthesis filter bank then reconstructs the subband signal after the low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis processing into a broadband signal.

[0009] Furthermore, the sub-band delay difference and phase difference estimation and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis module are specifically used to compensate for tiny nanosecond (ns) level delay jitter within the sub-band, and based on the SUMPLE algorithm, further estimate and real-time track and compensate for the residual phase difference between signals to ensure the synthesis efficiency of the output synthesized signal.

[0010] Furthermore, the antenna and radio frequency channel specifically include an antenna, a low-noise amplifier, and a downconverter; the antenna is used to receive downlink broadband high-speed data transmission signals from the satellite; the low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the data transmission signals received by the antenna with a low noise figure; and the downconverter is used to convert the amplified data transmission signals to intermediate frequency signals.

[0011] Furthermore, the signal acquisition and distribution device performs sampling, digital-to-intermediate-frequency analog-to-digital conversion, and recording and storage of the intermediate frequency data transmission signal according to the number of antennas; the data file records the following: original sampling information, number and type of input signal, sampling rate, number of sampling bits, and start and end time.

[0012] Furthermore, the downlink broadband data transmission signal is specifically a downlink X / Ka band broadband data transmission signal.

[0013] Furthermore, the downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signal is specifically a 1.2GHz downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signal.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention include: (1) The present invention adopts a full-spectrum synthesis algorithm, which does not require carrier locking and can realize the synthesis of multi-antenna array signals under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, which is suitable for future deep space high-speed data transmission and reception mission scenarios.

[0015] (2) This invention employs digital channelization processing with reconfigurable filter banks to divide the broadband signal into multiple sub-bands, reducing the processing complexity of a single channel. Within each sub-band, a low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis algorithm is used to compensate for ns-level time delay jitter and residual phase difference in real time, ensuring high synthesis efficiency under low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0016] (3) The system of the present invention adopts a CPU and GPU heterogeneous architecture and carries out a three-layer layered design of basic resource layer, management and control service layer and functional application layer. It supports the subsequent expansion of the number of antennas as needed and the deployment of various algorithm functions as needed, avoiding the system reconstruction cost caused by the expansion of the array scale and improving the system flexibility.

[0017] (4) This invention can be directly applied to the construction of ground receiving stations for lunar, Mars and deep space exploration missions, greatly reducing the construction cost of large-aperture antennas and providing a highly reliable and low-cost engineering solution for high-speed, low-signal-noise ratio data transmission reception. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The figure shows the simulation results of the system in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] All features disclosed in all embodiments of this specification, or steps in all methods or processes implied in the disclosure, may be combined and / or extended or replaced in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0021] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, a broadband low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signal synthesis system using a multi-antenna array comprises antennas and radio frequency channels 1-N (N being a natural number ≥ 1), signal acquisition and distribution equipment, a high-speed switching network, and a prototype broadband signal synthesis system for antenna arrays. Antennas and radio frequency channels 1-N receive downlink X / Ka band broadband data transmission signals transmitted from N satellites. These signals undergo power amplification, down-conversion, and bandpass filtering to form a 1.2GHz downlink intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The signal acquisition and distribution equipment then samples the N downlink IF signals, converting them into digital IP signals. These signals are then stored and transmitted to the prototype broadband signal synthesis system via a high-speed network switching device. The prototype system utilizes software processing functions such as time delay calibration and amplitude adjustment, digital channelization of reconfigurable filter banks, sub-band time delay difference and phase difference estimation, and low SNR broadband signal synthesis to efficiently synthesize the broadband low SNR signal.

[0024] The antennas and radio frequency channels 1~N include: an antenna, which is a Cassegrain antenna, used to receive downlink X / Ka band broadband high-speed data transmission signals from the satellite; a low-noise amplifier, used to amplify the data transmission signals received by the antenna with a low noise figure; and a downconverter, used to convert the amplified X / Ka band radio frequency data transmission signals to a 1.2GHz intermediate frequency signal.

[0025] The signal acquisition and distribution equipment supports sampling, digital-to-intermediate-frequency analog-to-digital conversion, and recording and storage of intermediate frequency data transmission signals according to the number of antennas. The data file records the following information: original sampling information, number and type of input signal, sampling rate, sampling bit depth, start and end time, etc.

[0026] The antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype adopts a CPU+GPU heterogeneous computing resource architecture, divided into three layers: functional application, management and control services, and basic resources. The basic resources employ a clustered design, integrating computing resources such as CPU and GPU, and using virtualization technology to abstract physical resources into logical resources for use by the upper layers, supporting future large-scale antenna array requirements. The management and control service layer provides a development environment and API interfaces, ensuring timely and reliable service responses to business service requests. The functional application layer, through an integrated framework and the basic support of the management and control service layer, calls upon resources from the basic layer to implement software processing functions such as delay calibration and amplitude adjustment, digital channelization processing of reconfigurable filter banks, sub-band delay difference and phase difference estimation, and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis.

[0027] The delay calibration and amplitude adjustment functions in the antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype adopt a generalized cross-correlation algorithm and phase taking operation, which can accurately calibrate the fixed delay of the antenna and RF channel, and measure and correct the μs-level coarse delay jitter and phase drift caused by the equipment in real time during the signal synthesis process.

[0028] The digital channelization processing function of the reconfigurable filter bank in the antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype uses the analysis filter bank to divide the broadband signal into subbands, providing a preliminary basis for the estimation and compensation of coherent parameters in the subsequent broadband signal synthesis process; the synthesis filter bank then reconstructs the subband signal after low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis processing into a single broadband signal.

[0029] The low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis in the antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype can be used to compensate for tiny nanosecond-level time delay jitter within subbands. However, based on the SUMPLE algorithm, the residual phase difference between signals still needs further estimation and real-time tracking compensation to ensure high synthesis efficiency in the output synthesized signal. Simulation results are as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio simulation synthesis gain is ≥5.95dB and the synthesis efficiency is ≥98%, which can achieve signal synthesis with high gain.

[0030] In summary, the embodiments of this invention address the technical bottlenecks in deep space exploration caused by long-distance link losses, resulting in weak downlink signal power, low signal-to-noise ratio, and difficulty in demodulating high-speed broadband data transmission. It proposes a full-spectrum synthesis method based on a CPU / GPU heterogeneous architecture. By decomposing the broadband signal into subbands and combining a generalized cross-correlation algorithm, it achieves precise calibration of μs-level delay and phase drift, and performs real-time compensation for nanosecond-level micro-delay jitter and residual phase difference within the subbands. High-fidelity dry synthesis can be achieved under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions without carrier locking. Future support for cluster expansion is also provided to meet the needs of large antenna arrays. This invention can be directly applied to the construction of ground receiving stations for lunar, Martian, and deep space exploration missions, significantly reducing the construction cost of large-aperture antennas and providing a highly reliable and low-cost engineering solution for high-speed, low-signal-to-noise ratio data transmission reception.

[0031] It should be noted that, within the scope of protection defined in the claims of this invention, the following embodiments can be combined and / or extended or replaced in any logical manner from the above specific embodiments, such as the disclosed technical principles, disclosed technical features or implicitly disclosed technical features.

[0032] Example 1 A broadband low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signal synthesis system using a multi-antenna array includes: an antenna and a radio frequency (RF) channel, a signal acquisition and distribution device, a high-speed switching network, and an antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype. The antenna and RF channel receive downlink broadband data transmission signals transmitted by a satellite and process them to form downlink data transmission intermediate frequency (IF) signals. The signal acquisition and distribution device samples the downlink data transmission IF signals, converts them into digital IP (digital IP) signals, and then stores and transmits the signals to the antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype via a high-speed network switching device. The prototype synthesizes broadband low SNR signals through its loaded time delay calibration and amplitude adjustment module, digital channelization processing module for reconfigurable filter banks, sub-band time delay difference and phase difference estimation, and low SNR broadband signal synthesis module.

[0033] Example 2 Based on Example 1, the proposed antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype adopts a heterogeneous computing resource architecture of CPU and GPU, divided into three layers: functional application, management and control services, and basic resources. The basic resource layer adopts a cluster design, which integrates computing resources and uses virtualization technology to abstract physical resources into logical resources for use by the upper layer, supporting the needs of future large-scale antenna arrays. The management and control service layer provides a development environment and API interfaces to ensure timely and reliable service responses to business service requests. The functional application layer, through an integrated framework and the basic support of the management and control service layer, calls resources from the basic layer to realize software processing functions such as delay calibration and amplitude adjustment, digital channelization processing of reconfigurable filter banks, sub-band delay difference and phase difference estimation, and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis.

[0034] Example 3 Based on Example 2, the delay calibration and amplitude adjustment module specifically adopts a generalized cross-correlation algorithm and phase taking operation to calibrate the fixed delay of the antenna and radio frequency channel, and performs real-time measurement and correction of coarse delay jitter and phase drift at the microsecond level caused by the device during the signal synthesis process.

[0035] Example 4 Based on Example 2, the digital channelization processing module of the reconfigurable filter bank specifically uses the analysis filter bank to divide the broadband signal into subbands, providing a preliminary basis for the estimation and compensation of coherent parameters in the subsequent synthesis process of the arrayed broadband signal; the synthesis filter bank then reconstructs the subband signal after the low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis processing into a broadband signal.

[0036] Example 5 Based on Example 2, the sub-band delay difference and phase difference estimation and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis module are specifically used to compensate for tiny nanosecond (ns) level delay jitter within the sub-band, and based on the SUMPLE algorithm, further estimate and real-time track and compensate for the residual phase difference between signals to ensure the synthesis efficiency of the output synthesized signal.

[0037] Example 6 Based on Embodiment 1, the antenna and radio frequency channel specifically include an antenna, a low-noise amplifier, and a downconverter; the antenna is used to receive downlink broadband high-speed data transmission signals from the satellite; the low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the data transmission signals received by the antenna with a low noise figure; and the downconverter is used to convert the amplified data transmission signals to intermediate frequency signals.

[0038] Example 7 Based on Example 1, the signal acquisition and distribution device completes sampling, digital-to-intermediate-frequency analog-to-digital conversion, and recording and storage of intermediate frequency data transmission signals according to the number of antennas; the data file records include: original sampling information, number and type of input signals, sampling rate, sampling bit depth, and start and end time.

[0039] Example 8 Based on Example 1, the downlink broadband data transmission signal is specifically a downlink X / Ka band broadband data transmission signal.

[0040] Example 9 Based on Example 1, the downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signal is specifically a 1.2GHz downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signal.

[0041] The units described in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in software or hardware, and the described units can also be located in a processor. The names of these units do not necessarily limit the specific unit itself.

[0042] According to one aspect of the present invention, a computer program product or computer program is provided, the computer program product or computer program including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the methods provided in the various optional implementations described above.

[0043] In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the methods described in the above embodiments.

Claims

1. A broadband low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) multi-antenna array signal synthesis system, characterized in that, include: Antenna and radio frequency channel, signal acquisition and distribution equipment, high-speed switching network, and antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype; The antenna and radio frequency channel receive downlink broadband data transmission signals transmitted by the satellite and process them to form downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signals. The signal acquisition and distribution equipment samples the downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signals, converts them into digital IP signals, and then stores and transmits the signals to the antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype through a high-speed network switching device. The prototype uses a time delay calibration and amplitude adjustment module, a digital channelization processing module for reconfigurable filter banks, a sub-band time delay difference and phase difference estimation module, and a low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis module to synthesize broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signals.

2. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proposed antenna array broadband signal synthesis prototype adopts a heterogeneous computing resource architecture of CPU and GPU, divided into three layers: functional application, management and control services, and basic resources. The basic resource layer adopts a cluster design, which integrates computing resources and uses virtualization technology to abstract physical resources into logical resources for use by the upper layer, supporting the needs of future large-scale antenna arrays. The management and control service layer provides a development environment and API interfaces to ensure timely and reliable service responses to business service requests. The functional application layer, through an integrated framework and the basic support of the management and control service layer, calls resources from the basic layer to realize software processing functions such as delay calibration and amplitude adjustment, digital channelization processing of reconfigurable filter banks, sub-band delay difference and phase difference estimation, and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis.

3. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The delay calibration and amplitude adjustment module specifically employs a generalized cross-correlation algorithm and phase taking operation to calibrate the fixed delay of the antenna and radio frequency channel. During signal synthesis, it performs real-time measurement and correction of coarse delay jitter and phase drift at the microsecond level caused by the equipment.

4. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The digital channelization processing module of the reconfigurable filter bank specifically uses the analysis filter bank to divide the broadband signal into subbands, providing a preliminary basis for the estimation and compensation of coherent parameters in the subsequent synthesis process of the arrayed broadband signal; the synthesis filter bank then reconstructs the subband signal after the low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis processing into a single broadband signal.

5. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sub-band delay difference and phase difference estimation and low signal-to-noise ratio broadband signal synthesis module are specifically used to compensate for tiny nanosecond (ns) level delay jitter within the sub-band, and based on the SUMPLE algorithm, further estimate and real-time track and compensate for the residual phase difference between signals to ensure the synthesis efficiency of the output synthesized signal.

6. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna and radio frequency channel specifically include an antenna, a low-noise amplifier, and a downconverter; the antenna is used to receive downlink broadband high-speed data transmission signals from the satellite; the low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the data transmission signals received by the antenna with a low noise figure. The downconverter is used to convert the amplified data transmission signal to an intermediate frequency signal.

7. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition and distribution equipment performs sampling, digital-to-intermediate-frequency analog-to-digital conversion, and recording and storage of intermediate frequency digital transmission signals according to the number of antennas; Its data file records the following information: raw sampling information, number and type of input signals, sampling rate, number of bits, and start and end times.

8. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downlink broadband data transmission signal is specifically a downlink X / Ka band broadband data transmission signal.

9. The broadband low signal-to-noise ratio signal multi-antenna array signal synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signal is specifically a 1.2GHz downlink data transmission intermediate frequency signal.

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