Asynchronous ambient internet of things communication

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device can receive a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up period from a sleep mode. The wake-up configuration can indicate a latency requirement, and a duration of the wake-up period can be associated with the latency requirement. The A-IoT device can receive one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up period. The A-IoT device can transmit a response to the one or more queries to the reader. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and more particularly to techniques, apparatus and methods for asynchronous communication with environmental Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of services, including voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other services. Services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, etc. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, spatial-domain resources, and / or device transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access RATs include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0003] The aforementioned Multiple Access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunications standard is New Radio (NR). NR (also known as 5G) is part of the continuous evolution of mobile broadband announced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions beyond NR) can be designed to better support the Internet of Things (IoT) and reduced-capacity device deployments, industrial connectivity, millimeter-wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (e.g., cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communications), massive MIMO, decomposed network architectures and network topology expansion, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, and more. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements to NR can be implemented, and other radio access technologies (such as 6G) can be introduced to further advance mobile broadband evolution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by an Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device includes: receiving a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; receiving one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up cycle; and sending a response to the one or more queries to the reader.

[0005] In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a reader includes: sending a plurality of queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round, wherein each of the plurality of queries has a transmission duration shorter than a wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and wherein the plurality of queries are each sent according to a periodicity longer than a wake-up period and shorter than a query round; and receiving a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0006] In some aspects, an A-IoT device for wireless communication includes: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the A-IoT device to: receive a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; receive one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up cycle; and send a response to the one or more queries to the reader.

[0007] In some aspects, a reader for wireless communication includes: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the reader to: send a plurality of queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round, wherein each of the plurality of queries has a transmission duration shorter than a wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and wherein the plurality of queries are each sent according to a periodicity longer than a wake-up period and shorter than a query round; and receive a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0008] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an A-IoT device, cause the A-IoT device to: receive a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; receive one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up cycle; and send a response to the one or more queries to the reader.

[0009] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a reader, cause the reader to: send a plurality of queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round, wherein each of the plurality of queries has a transmission duration shorter than a wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and wherein the plurality of queries are each sent according to a periodicity longer than a wake-up period and shorter than a query round; and receive a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0010] In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes: means for receiving a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; means for receiving one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up cycle; and means for sending a response to the reader to the one or more queries.

[0011] In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes: means for transmitting a plurality of queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round, wherein each of the plurality of queries has a transmission duration shorter than a wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and wherein the plurality of queries are each transmitted according to a periodicity longer than a wake-up period and shorter than a query round; and means for receiving a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0012] Various aspects of this disclosure may be implemented or be implemented as described in whole by or embodied in the methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network nodes, network entities, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described in the specification and drawings and illustrated in the specification and drawings.

[0013] The preceding paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of this disclosure. These and additional aspects and their associated advantages will be described below. The disclosed aspects can serve as the basis for modifying or designing other aspects for performing the same or similar purposes of this disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, their organization and operation, and their associated advantages will be better understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings illustrate some aspects of this disclosure but do not limit its scope, as other aspects can be achieved by this description. Each drawing in the drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a definition of limitation of the claims. Identical or similar reference numerals in different drawings may identify identical or similar elements.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network according to the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example network node communicating with an example user equipment in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an inventory tracking system according to this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of signaling associated with an Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device during a query round, according to this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of synchronization associated with an A-IoT device according to this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at an A-IoT device or a device of an A-IoT device, according to this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a reader or a device of a reader, according to this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Various aspects of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated or described with reference to the drawings or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of protection of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will understand that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, various combinations or numbers of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover apparatuses having structures and / or functionalities other than those available for practicing the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein, or methods practiced using these other structures and / or functionalities. Any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0026] Various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will now be presented with reference to them. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0027] The Internet of Things (IoT) allows different types of devices to communicate with each other via a network. One type of IoT device (called Ambient IoT (A-IoT) device) operates without explicit commands from a user or direct physical interaction. A-IoT devices can include software and hardware components that allow them to periodically enter sleep mode to save power and autonomously wake up from sleep mode to receive and send communications with the network.

[0028] In certain situations, such as inventory management, A-IoT devices can provide a higher level of operation than radio frequency (RF) tags. RF tags are excited by a backscattered signal (e.g., continuous wave) transmitted from a reader. When fully excited, an RF tag can briefly transmit data to the reader. RF tags typically have a more limited range than A-IoT devices. Therefore, RF tags must be very close to the reader (e.g., within a few meters) for the reader to communicate with them. The range of an RF tag can be extended by having the reader transmit a continuous wave at a higher transmit (Tx) power, although this is less energy efficient. Furthermore, transmitting a continuous wave at a high Tx power may excite many RF tags at once, potentially overwhelming the reader. In addition to the burden of trying to receive and process simultaneous responses from a large number of RF tags, transmitting at a high Tx power may have the unintended consequence of activating more RF tags than expected. By using A-IoT devices instead of traditional RF tags, these and other problems can be avoided.

[0029] The various aspects collectively involve asynchronous communication between A-IoT devices and readers. Some aspects more specifically involve A-IoT devices with duty cycles (e.g., sleep cycles and wake-up durations) associated with latency requirements. In some aspects, A-IoT devices are configured to periodically wake from a sleep state, receive one or more queries from a reader, and respond to queries independently of continuous waves (or other stimulus transmissions) from the reader.

[0030] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by configuring A-IoT devices to receive and / or send responses to queries sent by readers during wake-up cycles, the described techniques can be used to reduce energy consumption and minimize the risk of readers becoming unbearable, while still meeting latency requirements.

[0031] Multiple access radio access technology (RAT) has been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of the continuous mobile broadband evolution program released by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 5G NR supports a variety of technologies and use cases, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV).

[0032] With increasing demand for broadband access and the evolution of technologies supported by wireless communication networks, further technological improvements can be adopted or implemented in 5G NR or future RATs (such as 6G) to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a variety of existing and new use cases and applications. Such technological improvements can be associated with new frequency band extensions, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, decomposed network architectures and network topology extensions, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication, IoT (including passive or A-IoT) networks, reduced-capacity (RedCap) UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML), and more. Such technological improvements can support use cases such as wireless backhaul, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta-services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communications, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and collaborative manipulation, sensor networks, posture monitoring, brain-computer interfaces, digital twin applications, asset management, and general coverage applications using off-ground and / or aerial platforms, etc. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein can implement one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, etc. The wireless communication network 100 may include a plurality of network nodes 110, shown as network node (NN) 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d. Network nodes 110 may support communication with a plurality of user equipment (UEs) 120 (shown as UE120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e). In some aspects, such as in networks involving readers and A-IoT devices (e.g., tags), A-IoT devices may replace UEs, as indicated by reference numeral 120e.

[0034] Network nodes 110 and UEs 120 of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, frequency bands, carriers, and / or channels according to frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless communication network 100 can support a specific RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and can operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include 4G RATs, 5G / NRRATs, and / or 6G RATs, etc. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographical area, each RAT in that geographical area can operate on a different frequency to avoid interference with each other.

[0035] Various operating frequency bands have been defined as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in some documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, in some documents and articles, FR2 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band, but this is different from the Very High Frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as the mid-band frequencies, including FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 or FR2 characteristics, thereby effectively extending the characteristics of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Therefore, "below 6 GHz" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, and / or included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term "millimeter wave" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies included in mid-band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5, and / or within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands can extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs above 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4-1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 can implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), where multiple RATs (e.g., 4G / LTE and 5G / NR) are implemented within a single frequency band using dynamic bandwidth allocation (e.g., based on user demand). It is conceivable that the frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1 and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0036] Network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of wireless communication network 100. Network node 110 may be, may include, or may be referred to as: NR network node, 5G network node, 6G network node, node B, eNB, gNB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), mobility element, core, network entity, network element, network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in the radio access network (RAN).

[0037] Network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (e.g., a single physical structure) or as two or more physical nodes (e.g., two or more different physical structures). For example, network node 110 may be a device or system implementing a portion of a radio protocol stack, a device or system implementing a complete protocol stack (such as a complete gNB protocol stack), or a collection of devices or systems collectively implementing a complete protocol stack. For example, and as shown, network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that network node 110 can implement a complete radio protocol stack physically and logically integrated within a single node (e.g., a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses a complete radio protocol stack to implement or facilitate communication between UE 120 and the core network of wireless communication network 100.

[0038] Alternatively, and also as shown, network node 110 may be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that network node 110 may use protocol stacks that are physically distributed and / or logically distributed across two or more nodes in the same or different geographic locations. For example, a decomposed network node may have a decomposed architecture. In some deployments, decomposed network node 110 may be used in integrated access and backhaul (IAB) networks, in open radio access networks (O-RAN) (such as network configurations compliant with the O-RAN Alliance), or in virtualized radio access networks (vRAN) (also referred to as cloud radio access networks (C-RAN)) to facilitate scaling by decomposing base station functionality into multiple individually deployable units.

[0039] Network nodes 110 of wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), and / or one or more radio units (RUs). CUs may host one or more higher-layer control functions, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. DUs may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some examples, DUs may also host one or more low-PHY layer functions, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, etc. RUs may host RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as FFT, iFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, etc., according to functional splits (such as lower-layer functional splits). In this type of architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 120s.

[0040] In some aspects, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. Additionally or alternatively, network node 110 may include one or more near real-time (near RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more non-real-time (non-RT) RICs. In some examples, CUs, DUs, and / or RUs may be implemented as virtual units, such as Virtual Central Units (VCUs), Virtual Distributed Units (VDUs), or Virtual Radio Units (VRUs), etc. Virtual units may be implemented as virtual network functions, such as those associated with cloud deployments.

[0041] Some network nodes 110 (e.g., base stations, RUs, or TRPs) can provide communication coverage for specific geographic areas. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 or to network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. Network node 110 can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, network node 110 can provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, or another type of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and can allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with that femto cell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). The network node 110 used for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 used for a picocell may be referred to as a pico network node. Network node 110 used for a femtocell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. In some examples, the cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographical area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of the associated mobile network node 110 (e.g., a train, satellite base station, drone, or NTN network node).

[0042] The wireless communication network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, piconet nodes, femtonet nodes, relay network nodes, aggregation network nodes, and / or decomposition network nodes, etc. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110a can be a macro network node for macro cell 130a, network node 110b can be a pico network node for pico cell 130b, and network node 110c can be a femto network node for femto cell 130c. Compared to other types of network nodes 110, the various types of network nodes 110 typically transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different effects on interference in the wireless communication network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0043] In some examples, network node 110 may be, may include, or operate as a RU, TRP, or base station communicating with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a "Uu" link). The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication direction from network node 110 to UE 120, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication direction from UE 120 to network node 110. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. Downlink control channels may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI) (e.g., scheduling information, reference signals, and / or configuration information) from network node 110 to UE 120. Downlink data channels may be used to transmit downlink data (e.g., user data associated with UE 120) from network node 110 to UE 120. Downlink control channels may include one or more physical downlink control channels (PDCCH), and downlink data channels may include one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCH). The uplink channel may similarly include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. The uplink control channel can be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) from UE 120 to network node 110 (e.g., transmitting corresponding reference signals and / or feedback with one or more downlinks). The uplink data channel can be used to transmit uplink data (e.g., user data associated with UE 120) from UE 120 to network node 110. The uplink control channel may include one or more physical uplink control channels (PUCCH), and the uplink data channel may include one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCH). The downlink and uplink may each include a set of resources on which network node 110 and UE 120 can communicate.

[0044] Downlink and uplink resources may include time-domain resources (frames, subframes, time slots, and / or symbols), frequency-domain resources (bands, component carriers, subcarriers, resource blocks, and / or resource elements), and / or spatial-domain resources (specific transmission directions and / or beam parameters). Frequency-domain resources in some bands may be subdivided into bandwidth portions (BWPs). A BWP may be a contiguous block of frequency-domain resources allocated to one or more UEs 120 (e.g., a contiguous block of resource blocks). A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (where the uplink BWP and downlink BWP may be the same BWP or different BWPs). BWPs may be dynamically configured and / or reconfigured (e.g., by sending DCI configuration to one or more UEs 120 via network node 110), meaning that BWPs may be adjusted in real-time (or near real-time) based on changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or based on the specific requirements of one or more UEs 120. This allows for more efficient use of available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100, as fewer frequency domain resources can be allocated to the BWP for UE 120 (which reduces the number of frequency domain resources that UE 120 needs to monitor), thus allowing more frequency domain resources to be distributed across multiple UE 120s. Therefore, the BWP can also assist in the implementation of such UE 120s by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communications performed by lower-capacity UE 120s.

[0045] As described above, in some aspects, the wireless communication network 100 may be an IAB network, may include an IAB network, or may be included in an IAB network. In an IAB network, at least one network node 110 is an anchor network node communicating with a core network. The anchor network node 110 may also be referred to as an IAB donor (or "IAB donor"). The anchor network node 110 may be connected to the core network via a wired backhaul link. For example, the Ng interface of the anchor network node 110 may terminate at the core network. Additionally or alternatively, the anchor network node 110 may be connected to one or more devices in the core network that provide core access and mobility management functions (AMF). An IAB network typically also includes multiple non-anchor network nodes 110, which may also be referred to as relay network nodes or simply IAB nodes (or "IAB-nodes"). Each non-anchor network node 110 can directly communicate with the anchor network node 110 via a wireless backhaul link to access the core network, or can indirectly communicate with the anchor network node 110 via one or more other non-anchor network nodes 110 and an associated wireless backhaul link forming a backhaul path to the core network. Some anchor network nodes 110 or other non-anchor network nodes 110 can also directly communicate with one or more UEs 120 via a wireless access link carrying access services. For example, network resources used for wireless communication (such as time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources) can be shared between the access link and the backhaul link.

[0046] In some examples, any network node 110 relaying communication may be referred to as a relay network node, a relay station, or simply a repeater. A repeater may receive communications from an upstream station (e.g., another network node 110 or UE 120) and transmit communications to a downstream station (e.g., UE 120 or another network node 110). In this case, the wireless communication network 100 may include or be referred to as a "multi-hop network." Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. Additionally or alternatively, UE 120 can be a relay station capable of relaying transmissions to or from other UE 120s, or can operate as such a relay station. UE 120 relaying communication can be referred to as a UE repeater or relay UE, etc.

[0047] UE 120 may be physically distributed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may be, may include, an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. UE 120 may be, or may include, a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband and / or smart jewelry (such as a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device and / or a satellite radio), an XR device, a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device), a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that can communicate via a wireless medium, or may be coupled to them.

[0048] UE 120 and / or network node 110 may include one or more chips, system-on-a-chip (SoC), chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or include a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing”) circuitry in the form of one or more processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), neural processing units (NPUs), and / or digital signal processors (DSPs)), processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)), or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “processors” or “processor circuitry”). One or more of these processors may be individually or collectively configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors that can be configured or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor that can be configured or configured to perform a first function in the set, and a second processor that can be configured or configured to perform a second function in the set, or may include the entire group of processors that are configured or configured to perform the set of functions.

[0049] The processing system may also include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements, or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) or combinations thereof (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as "memory" or collectively as "memory" or "memory circuitry"). One or more of these memories may be coupled to one or more processors in the processor (e.g., operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) and may store processor-executable code (such as software) individually or collectively, which, when executed by one or more processors in the processor, may configure one or more processors in the processor to perform the various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more processors in the processor may be pre-configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein without being configured by software. The processing system may also include or be coupled to one or more modems (such as Wi-Fi (e.g., IEEE compliant) modems or cellular (e.g., 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6G compliant) modems). In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more modems among the modems. The processing system may also include, or be coupled to, multiple radio components (collectively, “radio components”), multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled to one or more antennas among multiple antennas. In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radio components, RF chains, or transceivers. UE 120 may be included or may be contained in a housing that houses components associated with UE 120, including the processing system.

[0050] Some UEs 120 may be considered Machine Type Communication (MTC) UEs, Evolved or Enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) UEs, Further Enhanced eMTC (feMTC) UEs or Enhanced feMTC (efeMTC) UEs, or further evolutions thereof, all of which may be collectively referred to as "MTC UEs". MTC UEs may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with the following: robots, unmanned aerial vehicles, remote devices, sensors, instruments, monitors, and / or location tags. Some UEs 120 may be considered IoT devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. IoT UEs or NB-IoT devices may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with the following: industrial machines, appliances, refrigerators, doorbell camera devices, home automation devices, and / or lighting fixtures, etc. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment, which may include telecommunications equipment installed at a customer location (such as a home or office) to enable access to a service provider’s network (such as being included in or communicating with the wireless communication network 100).

[0051] Some UEs 120 can be categorized according to different categories associated with varying levels of complexity and / or capabilities. Category 1 UEs 120 facilitate large-scale IoT within the wireless communication network 100 and offer lower complexity and / or cost compared to Category 2 UEs 120. Category 2 UEs 120 may include mission-critical IoT devices capable of URLLC, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and / or precise positioning within the wireless communication network 100, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-level UEs, advanced UEs, full-capability UEs, and / or premium UEs. Category 3 UEs 120 may possess intermediate-level complexity and / or capabilities (e.g., capabilities between Category 1 and Category 2 UEs 120). Category 3 UEs 120 may be referred to as reduced-capability UEs (“RedCap UEs”), intermediate-level UEs, NR lightweight UEs, and / or NR simplified UEs, etc. RedCap UEs bridge the gap in capabilities and complexity between NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs and mission-critical IoT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs can include, for example, wearable devices, IoT devices, industrial sensors, and / or cameras associated with limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range. RedCap UEs can support healthcare environments, building automation, power distribution, process automation, transportation and logistics, and / or smart city deployments, among others.

[0052] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly with each other using sidelink communication (e.g., without communicating through a network node 110 acting as an intermediary). As an example, UE 120a can send data, control information, or other signaling directly to UE 120e as sidelink communication. This contrasts with, for example, UE 120a first sending data to network node 110 in UL communication, and then that network node sending data to UE 120e in DL communication. In various examples, UE 120 can send and receive sidelink communication using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication protocols, device-to-device (D2D) communication protocols, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication protocols (which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh network communication protocols. In some deployments and configurations, network node 110 may schedule and / or allocate resources for sidelink communication between UEs 120 in the wireless communication network 100. In some other deployments and configurations, UE 120 (instead of network node 110) may perform or cooperate with or negotiate with one or more other UEs to perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations for sidelink communication.

[0053] In various examples, in addition to half-duplex operation, some network nodes and UEs in the wireless communication network 100, including network node 110 and UE 120, can also be configured for full-duplex operation. Network node 110 or UE 120 operating in half-duplex mode can perform only one of transmission or reception during a specific time resource period (such as a specific time slot, symbol, or other time period). Half-duplex operation may involve time division duplex (TDD), where the DL transmission of network node 110 and the UL transmission of UE 120 do not occur in the same time resource (i.e., the transmissions do not overlap in time). In contrast, network node 110 or UE 120 operating in full-duplex mode can transmit and receive communications concurrently (e.g., within the same time resource). By operating in full-duplex mode, network node 110 and / or UE 120 can generally increase the capacity of the network and radio access links. In some examples, full-duplex operation may involve frequency division duplex (FDD), in which network node 110 performs DL transmission in a first frequency band or on a first component carrier, and UE 120 performs transmission in a second frequency band or on a second component carrier, the second frequency band or the second component carrier being different from the first frequency band or the first component carrier, respectively. In some examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for UE 120 but not for network node 110. For example, UE 120 may simultaneously transmit UL to the first network node 110 and receive DL transmissions from the second network node 110 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for network node 110 but not for UE 120. For example, network node 110 may simultaneously transmit DL to the first UE 120 and receive UL transmissions from the second UE 120 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for both network node 110 and UE 120.

[0054] In some examples, UE 120 and network node 110 can perform MIMO communication. "MIMO" generally refers to the simultaneous transmission or reception of multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) using the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques typically utilize multipath propagation. MIMO can be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO can support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, which is called multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). Some RATs can employ advanced MIMO techniques such as mTRP operations (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs), reciprocity in the time or frequency domain, single-frequency network (SFN) transmission, or noncoherent joint transmission (NC-JT).

[0055] In some aspects, the A-IoT device (for the Topology 1 implementation) or UE 120 (for the Topology 2 implementation) may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, when UE 120 is or includes an A-IoT device, the communication manager 140 may receive a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from sleep mode. The wake-up configuration may indicate latency requirements, and the duration of the wake-up cycle may be associated with the latency requirements. The communication manager 140 may receive one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up cycle; and send responses to one or more queries to the reader.

[0056] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein. For example, in a Topology 2 implementation, when the UE 120 includes a reader, the communication manager 140 may send multiple queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round. Each of the multiple queries may have a transmission duration shorter than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and each of the multiple queries may be sent according to a periodicity longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query round. The communication manager 140 may receive a response to at least one of the multiple queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0057] In some aspects, the network may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, when network node 110 includes a reader, the communication manager 150 may send multiple queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round. Each of the multiple queries may have a transmission duration shorter than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and each of the multiple queries may be sent according to a periodicity longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query round. The communication manager 150 may receive a response to at least one of the multiple queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0058] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating communication between an example network node 110 and an example UE 120 in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0060] like Figure 2As shown, network node 110 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, a Tx MIMO processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a to 232t, where t≥1), a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a to 234v, where v≥1), a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, a scheduler 246, and / or a communication manager 150, etc. In some configurations, one or a combination of antennas 234, modems 232, MIMO detectors 236, receive processors 238, transmit processors 214, and / or Tx MIMO processors 216 may be included in the transceiver of network node 110. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by one or more processors (such as controller / processor 240), and in some respects, may perform aspects of the methods, procedures and / or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 242. In some respects, network node 110 may include one or more interfaces, communication components and / or other components that facilitate communication with UE 120 or another network node.

[0061] The terms “processor,” “controller,” or “controller / processor” can refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, references to “a / the processor,” “a / the controller / processor,” etc. (in the singular) should be understood as referring to a combination of… Figure 2 The processor described refers to any one or more processors, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. The reference to "one or more processors" should be understood as a combination of references. Figure 2 Any one or more processors described herein. For example, one or more processors of network node 110 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. Similarly, one or more processors of UE 120 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.

[0062] In some aspects, a single processor can perform all operations described as being performed by one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of one or more processors can perform a first operation described as being performed by that one or more processors, and a second set of one or more processors can perform a second operation described as being performed by that one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors can be the same set of processors or can be different sets of processors. The reference to "one or more memories" should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of the corresponding device, such as those in combination. Figure 2 The memory described. For example, an operation described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or by different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0063] For downlink communication from network node 110 to UE 120, transmitting processor 214 may receive data (“downlink data”) intended for use by UE 120 (or a set of UEs including UE 120) from data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or data queue). In some examples, transmitting processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for UE 120 based on one or more Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 may process the data (e.g., including encoding the data) based on the MCS selected for UE 120 for transmission to UE 120 on the downlink, thereby generating data symbols. Transmitting processor 214 may process system information (e.g., semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and / or control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmitting processor 214 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), or channel state information (CSI) reference signals (CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)).

[0064] The TX MIMO processor 216 can perform space processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can output a set of symbol streams (e.g., TA set of output symbol streams is provided to modem 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a time-domain downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t may transmit the set of downlink signals (e.g., via a set of corresponding antennas 234) together. T (One downlink signal).

[0065] Downlink signals may include DCI communication, MAC control element (MAC-CE) communication, RRC communication, downlink reference signals, or another type of downlink communication. Downlink signals may be transmitted on the PDCCH, PDSCH, and / or on another downlink channel. Downlink signals may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. A TB may be a data unit transmitted via the air interface in the wireless communication network 100. A data stream (e.g., from data source 212) may be encoded into multiple TBs for transmission via the air interface. The number of TBs used to carry data associated with a particular data stream may be associated with a TB size shared by multiple TBs. The TB size may be based on the radio channel conditions of the air interface, the MCS used to encode the data, downlink resources allocated for transmitting data, and / or other parameters, or otherwise associated with them. Generally, a larger TB size allows for a larger amount of data to be transmitted in a single transmission, reducing signaling overhead. However, a larger TB size may be more prone to transmission and / or reception errors than a smaller TB size, but such errors can be mitigated through more robust error correction techniques.

[0066] For uplink communication from UE 120 to network node 110, the uplink signal from UE 120 may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected where applicable by MIMO detector 236 (e.g., receive (Rx) MIMO processor), and / or further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to processors such as controller / processor 240.

[0067] Network node 110 may use scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communication. In some aspects, scheduler 246 may use DCI to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to and / or UL transmissions from UE 120. In some examples, scheduler 246 may allocate repetitive time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources that UE 120 may use for transmitting and / or receiving communication with RRC configuration (e.g., semi-static configuration), for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure configuration grant (CG) for UE 120.

[0068] One or more of the following may be included in the RF chain of network node 110: transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. The RF chain may include filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and / or other devices for converting analog signals (such as those used for transmission or reception via an air interface) to digital signals (such as those used for processing by one or more processors of network node 110). In some aspects, the RF chain may be a transceiver of network node 110, or may be included in such a transceiver.

[0069] In some examples, network node 110 may use communication unit 244 to communicate with the core network and / or other network nodes. Communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, fiber optic, Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), and / or wired or wireless backhaul, etc. Network node 110 may use communication unit 244 to send and / or receive data associated with UE 120, or to execute network control signaling, etc. Communication unit 244 may include transceivers and / or interfaces, such as network interfaces.

[0070] UE 120 may include a collection of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r, where r ≥ 1), a collection of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a to 254u, where u ≥ 1), a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, a memory 282, and / or a communication manager 140, etc. One or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, or TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver included in UE 120. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by one or more processors (such as controller / processor 280), and in some respects, may perform aspects of the methods, procedures, or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 282. In some respects, UE 120 may include another interface, another communication component, and / or another component that facilitates communication with network node 110 and / or another UE 120.

[0071] For downlink communication from network node 110 to UE 120, the set of antennas 252 can receive downlink communication or signals from network node 110, and can receive the set of downlink signals (e.g., R Each received signal is provided to a set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a corresponding demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from the set of modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide the detected symbols. Receiver processor 258 may process (e.g., decode) the detected symbols, may provide the decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260 (such as a data pipeline, data queue, and / or application executed on UE 120), and may provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280.

[0072] For uplink communication from UE 120 to network node 110, the transmitting processor 264 may receive and process data (“uplink data”) from data source 262 (such as data pipelines, data queues, and / or applications running on UE 120) and control information from controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, the receiving processor 258 and / or controller / processor 280 may determine one or more parameters related to the transmission of uplink communication for received signals (such as those received from network node 110 or another UE). One or more parameters may include a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameter, a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameter, a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameter, a CQI parameter, or a Transmit Power Control (TPC) parameter, etc. The control information may include indications of the RSRP parameter, RSSI parameter, RSRQ parameter, CQI parameter, TPC parameter, and / or another parameter. Control information can facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for UE 120 by network node 110.

[0073] Transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as uplink DMRS, uplink sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or another type of reference signal. Symbols from transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 266 where applicable, and further processed by a set of modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM). TX MIMO processor 266 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can output a set of symbol streams (e.g., ... U A set of output symbol streams is provided to modem 254. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.

[0074] Modems 254a to 254u can transmit uplink signal sets (e.g., via a set of corresponding antennas 252) R One uplink signal or UUplink signals may include UCI communication, MAC-CE communication, RRC communication, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on PUSCH, PUCCH, and / or another type of uplink channel. Uplink signals may carry one or more TBs of data. Sidelink data and control transmission (i.e., transmission directly between two or more UEs 120) may typically use techniques similar to those described for uplink data and control transmission, and may use sidelink-specific channels such as the Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), and / or Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH).

[0075] One or more antennas in the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included in one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), sets of coplanar antenna elements, sets of non-coplanar antenna elements, or with one or more transmitting or receiving components (such as...) Figure 2 An antenna module is a combination of one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more components. As used herein, "antenna" can mean one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. "Antenna panel" can mean a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel that can facilitate beamforming by manipulating the parameters of that group of antennas. "Antenna module" can mean a circuit that includes one or more antennas, and may also include one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.

[0076] In some examples, each antenna element of antenna 234 or antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element, which can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. Antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. The spacing between antenna elements can allow signals with a desired wavelength transmitted individually by the antenna elements to interact or interfere (e.g., to form a desired beam) in various directions. For example, given a desired wavelength or frequency range, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, half a wavelength, or another fraction of the wavelength between adjacent antenna elements to allow desired constructive and destructive interference modes of signals transmitted by individual antenna elements within that desired range.

[0077] The amplitude and / or phase of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements can be modulated and (e.g., by manipulating phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes) shifted relative to each other to generate one or more beams; this is known as beamforming. The term "beam" can refer to the directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. "Beam" can also generally refer to the direction associated with such directional signal transmission, the set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (e.g., angle of arrival, horizontal direction, and / or vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters indicating one or more aspects of the directional signal, the direction associated with the signal, and / or the set of directional resources associated with the signal. In some implementations, antenna elements can be individually selected or deselected for the directional transmission of a signal (or multiple signals) by controlling the amplitude of one or more corresponding amplifiers and / or the phase of the signal to form one or more beams. The shape of the beam (such as amplitude, width, and / or the presence of sidelobes) and / or the direction of the beam (such as the angle of the beam relative to the surface of the antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes of multiple signals relative to each other.

[0078] Different UEs 120 or network nodes 110 may include different numbers of antenna elements. For example, UE 120 may include a single antenna element, two antenna elements, four antenna elements, eight antenna elements, or different numbers of antenna elements. As another example, network node 110 may include eight antenna elements, 24 antenna elements, 64 antenna elements, 128 antenna elements, or different numbers of antenna elements. Generally, a larger number of antenna elements provides increased control over the parameters used for beamforming compared to a smaller number of antenna elements, while a smaller number of antenna elements may be less complex to implement and can use less power. Multiple antenna elements can support multi-layer transmission, in which the same time and frequency resources are used to utilize spatial multiplexing to transmit a first layer of communication (which may include a first data stream) and a second layer of communication (which may include a second data stream).

[0079] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these boxes may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0080] Figure 3 This is an illustration of an example decomposed base station architecture 300 according to the present disclosure. One or more components of the example decomposed base station architecture 300 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more network nodes (such as one or more network nodes 110). The decomposed base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or may communicate indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more decomposed control units (such as non-RT RIC 350 and / or near-RT RIC 370 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 360) (e.g., via an E2 link). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DU 330 via a corresponding midhaul link (such as via an F1 interface). Each DU 330 may communicate with one or more RU 340 via a corresponding fronthaul link. Each RU 340 may communicate with one or more UE 120 via a corresponding RF access link. In some deployments, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RU 340s.

[0081] Each component of the disassembled base station architecture 300 (including CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, near-RT RIC 370, non-RT RIC 350, and SMO frame 360) may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled to one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via wired or wireless transmission media.

[0082] In some respects, the CU 310 can be logically divided into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 310 can be deployed to communicate with one or more DU 330s for network control and signaling, as needed. Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 340s. For example, the DU 330 may host various layers, such as the RLC layer, MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers (such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers). Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) can be implemented using an interface for signaling to other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or for signaling to control functions hosted by the CU 310. Each RU 340 may implement lower-layer functionality. In some respects, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of communication with the control plane and user plane of the RU 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.

[0083] The SMO framework 360 supports RAN deployment and provisioning for both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 360 supports the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 360 can interact with cloud computing platforms such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via cloud computing platform interfaces such as the O2 interface. Virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 350, and / or near-RT RIC 370. In some aspects, the SMO framework 360 can communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN, 5G NR RAN, and / or 6G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 380) via the O1 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO framework 360 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via the corresponding O1 interface. In some deployments, this configuration enables each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0084] The non-RT RIC 350 may include or implement logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including AI / ML workflows for model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the near-RT RIC 370. The non-RT RIC 350 may be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 370, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 370 may include or implement logic functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as an E2 interface, through data collection and actions, connecting one or more CU 310s, one or more DU 330s, and / or O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 370.

[0085] In some aspects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 370, the non-RT RIC 350 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 370 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 360 or the non-RT RIC 350. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 350 or near-RT RIC 370 may modulate RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 350 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 360 (such as reconfiguration via the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0086] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0087] Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 Network node 110, its controller / processor 240, UE 120, UE 120's controller / processor 280, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, or any other component may implement one or more technologies or perform one or more operations associated with asynchronous wake-up cycles for A-IoT devices, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, network node 110's controller / processor 240, UE 120's controller / processor 280, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, or any other component may implement one or more technologies or perform one or more operations associated with asynchronous wake-up cycles for A-IoT devices, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. Figure 2 Any other component, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340 that can execute or boot, for example Figure 7 Process 700 Figure 8 The operation of process 800 or other processes as described herein (alone or in combination with one or more other processors). In some aspects, the A-IoT device described herein is UE 120, included in UE 120, or comprising Figure 2 One or more components of the UE 120 shown herein. In some aspects, the reader described herein is the UE 120, is included in the UE 120, or includes... Figure 2 One or more components of the UE 120 shown. In some aspects, the reader described herein is network node 110, included in network node 110, or comprising... Figure 2One or more components of the network node 110 shown. Memory 242 may store data and program code for network node 110, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340. Memory 282 may store data and program code for UE 120. In some examples, memory 242 or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instruction sets (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communication. Memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). Memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). For example, the instruction set may be made executable by one or more processors when executed by one or more processors of network node 110, UE 120, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation, or interpretation). Figure 7 Process 700 Figure 8 The process 800 or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transform instructions, compile instructions, and / or interpret instructions, etc.

[0088] In some aspects, an A-IoT device includes: components for receiving a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; components for receiving one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up cycle; and / or components for sending a response to the reader to the one or more queries. In some aspects, components for the A-IoT device to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0089] In some aspects, a reader includes: components for sending a plurality of queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round, wherein each of the plurality of queries has a transmission duration shorter than a wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and wherein the plurality of queries are each sent according to a periodicity longer than a wake-up period and shorter than a query round; and / or components for receiving a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices. In some aspects, components for the reader to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communication manager 150, a transmit processor 214, a TX MIMO processor 216, a modem 232, an antenna 234, a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, or a scheduler 246. In some aspects, the components for the reader to perform the operations described herein may include one or more of, for example, a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0090] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating Example 400 of an inventory tracking system according to this disclosure. (See diagram for example.) Figure 4 As shown, the inventory tracking system includes a reader 405 and inventory items 410, each inventory item being associated with an A-IoT device 415. The reader 405 can be a network node (such as network node 110) or a UE (such as UE 120). The inventory item 410 can be an object to be tracked using the reader 405. The A-IoT device 415 can be a UE (such as UE 120) or a tag storing information about one of the items in the inventory item 410.

[0091] Reader 405 can be configured to broadcast periodic queries to A-IoT device 415. Reader 405 can use the response to the periodic queries to track inventory items 410. Reader 405 can be configured to communicate wirelessly with A-IoT device 415 using, for example, RF communication.

[0092] Each A-IoT device in A-IoT device 415 may be a tag, which is a small wireless device attached to each inventory item 410 for tracking and identification purposes. Each A-IoT device 415 may include a power source (e.g., a battery), an antenna, memory, and a processor. As discussed in more detail below, A-IoT device 415 may periodically enter and wake from sleep mode independently of signals transmitted by reader 405. Each A-IoT device in A-IoT device 415 may be configured to enter and wake from sleep mode independently of each other. For example, each A-IoT device in A-IoT device 415 does not need to synchronize its wake-up and / or sleep scheduling with any other A-IoT device 415. When A-IoT device 415 wakes from sleep mode, A-IoT device 415 may receive one or more queries sent by reader 405. Each A-IoT device 415 that receives one or more queries may send a response to the query to reader 405. The response to the query may include information about the inventory item 410 associated with A-IoT device 415. For example, a response to a query may indicate the existence of inventory item 410, a product identifier associated with inventory item 410 (e.g., name or number), manufacturing date, location, and / or combinations thereof. A-IoT device 415 may enter sleep mode after sending a response or if no query is received. Reader 405 may aggregate responses received from A-IoT device 415 to track inventory item 410.

[0093] As indicated above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 4 The examples described are different.

[0094] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating example 500 of signaling associated with an A-IoT device during a query round according to this disclosure. (See example 500.) Figure 5 As shown, Example 500 includes communication between a reader (e.g., network node 110, reader 405, and / or combinations thereof) and an A-IoT device (e.g., A-IoT device 415, UE 120 (such as UE or A-IoT device 120e), and / or combinations thereof). In some aspects, the reader and the A-IoT device may be included in a wireless network (such as wireless network 100).

[0095] To support latency requirements and energy efficiency, A-IoT devices can perform duty cycle-based wake-up and sleep operations. Wake-up and sleep operations for individual A-IoT devices can be asynchronous (e.g., asynchronous or randomized) between A-IoT devices and / or between A-IoT devices and readers. For example, as... Figure 5As shown in Example 500, A-IoT devices can be configured with wake-up periodicity (e.g., configured to wake up every...). X (Wake-up time per second). A-IoT devices can be configured or pre-configured to wake up once per second during the wake-up period (e.g., ...). Y Stay awake for a period of seconds. Wake-up duration Y This can be based on various factors, such as the amount of time required for an A-IoT device to receive a query, the amount of time required for an A-IoT device to process a query, the amount of time required for an A-IoT device to respond to a query, expected clock drift (e.g., variations in how different A-IoT devices measure the passage of time), and / or combinations thereof, etc. In some aspects, such as to save energy, wake-up duration... Y This eliminates the time required for A-IoT devices to respond to queries. (When wake-up duration) Y When the response time for an A-IoT device to a query is too short, the A-IoT device can be configured to temporarily extend the wake-up time due to receiving a query. Y .

[0096] The reader can be configured to send multiple queries during a query round (e.g., a time period during which the reader queries one or more A-IoT devices). Q Such as inventory cycles (e.g., the time period during which a reader queries one or more A-IoT devices for inventory tracking, as mentioned above). Figure 4 (As discussed). Queries during query rounds. Q The transmission does not require a wake-up time with any A-IoT device. Y Synchronization is necessary because A-IoT devices may have varying levels of clock drift, and constantly synchronizing A-IoT devices with the reader can introduce significant energy usage and overhead. During a query round, the reader can send multiple queries. Q In some aspects, queries Q It can include one or more response criteria. Response criteria can be given to the recipient of the query. Q Any A-IoT device can be instructed on whether it should respond to a query. For example, response criteria could indicate whether an A-IoT device should respond to a query for a specific inventory item (such as...). Figure 4 The query used on inventory item 410) Q Receive queries Q A-IoT devices can use response criteria to determine whether to respond to a query. Q .

[0097] In some respects, the reader can be configured to send at intervals Z (e.g., subsequent queries within the same query round). Q (Time between sending) Send query QSending interval Z The query rounds can be based on the wake-up duration of A-IoT devices. Y A-IoT device wake-up periodicity X The amount of time required for the reader to send a query. Q And / or combinations thereof, etc. For example, in some aspects, the transmission interval Z Can be compared to wake-up duration Y Short. In some respects, the transmission interval... Z Add sending two or more queries Q The required time can be longer than the wake-up duration. Y Short. In some respects, the transmission interval... Z Add sending two or more queries Q The time required relative to the wake-up duration Y It can be as short as each A-IoT device receiving two or more queries per query round. Q .

[0098] In some respects, each A-IoT device can be configured to apply an offset to the wake-up period. X This is especially true if a large number of A-IoT devices are unintentionally synchronized. At least some of the offsets applied by A-IoT devices can be different from each other. In some respects, the same A-IoT device can apply offsets of different lengths, for example, to different wake-up cycles. In some respects, the offsets applied by A-IoT devices can be random, indicated, configured, or pre-configured amounts of time. In some respects, even when offsets are applied, the wake-up duration... Y It could also be the same. Therefore, the offset may not shorten or lengthen the wake-up duration. Y Without an offset, A-IoT devices can receive the same query. Q And respond to queries simultaneously Q Depending on the number of A-IoT devices being queried, having a large number of A-IoT devices respond to the reader simultaneously can overwhelm the reader, potentially leading to communication errors and increasing the number of retransmissions required. Between clock drift and offset, large groups of A-IoT devices are less likely to be unintentionally synchronized.

[0099] In some respects, to support non-periodic inventory cycles, different wake-up cycles can be applied, depending on the wake-up duration. Y Were any queries received during this period? Q For example, a first wake-up periodicity can be applied. X until at least one query is received. QAfter the A-IoT device responds to query Q, it can apply a second wake-up period X'. In some respects, the second wake-up period... X' It can be compared to the first wake-up cycle X Longer. Accordingly, compared to a shorter sleep cycle after a wake-up period without receiving a query (e.g., a sleep cycle lasting a second period shorter than the first period), A-IoT devices can enter a longer sleep cycle after responding to query Q (e.g., a sleep cycle lasting the first period), resulting in greater energy savings.

[0100] In some respects, to support periodic inventory cycles, the time between wake-up cycles can be extended (e.g., sleep durations can be longer). For example, A-IoT devices can be configured or pre-configured to increase or decrease wake-up periodicity. X For example, A-IoT devices can be configured or pre-configured to increase or decrease wake-up periods based on the periodicity of query rounds. X In some aspects, A-IoT devices can be configured to have more wake-up cycles (e.g., increasing wake-up periodicity X) when the periodicity of query rounds is reduced (e.g., less time between query rounds). In other aspects, A-IoT devices can be configured to have fewer wake-up cycles (e.g., decreasing wake-up periodicity X) when the periodicity of query rounds is increased (e.g., more time between query rounds).

[0101] As indicated above, Figure 5 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 5 The examples described are different.

[0102] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating example 600 associated with synchronization of an A-IoT device according to this disclosure. (See diagram for example...) Figure 6 As shown, Example 600 includes communication between a reader (e.g., network node 110, reader 405, and / or combinations thereof) and an A-IoT device (e.g., UE 120, A-IoT device 415, and / or combinations thereof). In some aspects, the reader and the A-IoT device may be included in a wireless network (such as wireless network 100).

[0103] Although A-IoT devices may be out of sync with each other and with respect to the reader, it is possible for the reader to be configured to send one or more synchronization signals to the A-IoT devices. S In some respects, the reader can be configured to periodically send synchronization signals. S This enables A-IoT devices to obtain timing parameters about asynchronous wake-up cycles and decode queries sent by readers.Q One or more queries within. With Figure 5 Similar to query Q, the reader can sequentially send data during the synchronization period by sending intervals (such as the sending interval). Z Multiple separate synchronization signals S To increase the wake-up duration of A-IoT devices Y Receive one or more synchronization signals during the period S The possibility of this occurring during the wake-up process. Y Synchronization signal received during the period S At that time, A-IoT devices can process or respond to signals including synchronization signals. S Information and / or instructions contained herein.

[0104] Synchronization signal S System information can be sent along with or otherwise included, such as System Information Blocks (SIBs), Master Information Blocks (MIBs), Physical Broadcast Channels (PBCHs), and / or combinations thereof. In some respects, system information can be sent at a lower periodicity compared to other information sent via synchronization signals. In some respects, synchronization signals... S This can indicate the periodicity of inventory cycles (e.g., the reader will send a query). Q Frequency, query round length, latency requirements, wake-up periodicity X Support for non-periodic inventory (e.g., the first wake-up cyclical inventory discussed above) X Second wake-up period X (and / or combinations thereof, etc.) In some respects, the synchronization signal can indicate one or more wake-up randomization parameters. For example, the synchronization signal... S It can indicate the offset that should be applied before the start of the wake-up period, whether the same offset is applied for each cycle, whether a different offset is applied for each cycle, and / or a combination thereof, etc. In some aspects, synchronization signals may include resource configurations for responding to queries.

[0105] In some respects, the reader can be configured to work with Figure 5 Query Q Send one or more synchronization signals together S And / or a preamble. For example, a reader can be configured to send an aperiodic synchronization signal during a query round based on a previous periodic synchronization associated with the reader.

[0106] As indicated above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0107] Figure 7This is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, at an A-IoT device (such as UE 120) or a device of an A-IoT device, according to this disclosure. Example process 700 is an example of a device or A-IoT device (e.g., A-IoT device 415) performing operations associated with asynchronous communication with a reader.

[0108] like Figure 7 As shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode. The wake-up configuration indicates latency requirements, and the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirements (box 710). For example, A-IoT devices (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The receiving component 902 and / or communication manager 906 depicted herein can receive a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement, as described above. In some aspects, the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement. In some aspects, the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement.

[0109] like Figure 7 As further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving one or more queries from a reader (such as network node 110 or UE 120) during a wake-up cycle (box 720). For example, an A-IoT device (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The receiving component 902 and / or communication manager 906 depicted herein may receive one or more queries from the reader during a wake-up cycle, as described above.

[0110] like Figure 7 As further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include sending a response to one or more queries to a reader (box 730). For example, an A-IoT device (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The sending component 904 and / or communication manager 906 described herein can send a response to one or more queries to the reader, as described above.

[0111] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0112] In the first aspect, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for delaying the transition from sleep mode to the wake-up cycle.

[0113] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, one or more rules for delaying the transition from sleep mode to the wake-up cycle include one or more rules for applying an offset to the start of the wake-up cycle.

[0114] In the third aspect, the offset is a random value, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects.

[0115] In the fourth aspect, the offset is a pre-configured value, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects.

[0116] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules that define the duration of the wake-up cycle.

[0117] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 700 includes receiving a synchronization signal.

[0118] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for entering a sleep mode for a first time period after sending a response to one or more queries.

[0119] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for entering a sleep mode for a second time period.

[0120] although Figure 7 An example box of process 700 is shown, but in some respects, process 700 may include... Figure 7 The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 700 may be executed in parallel.

[0121] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, at a reader (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) or a device of the reader, according to this disclosure. Example process 800 is an example of a device or reader (e.g., reader 405) performing operations associated with asynchronous communication with an A-IoT device.

[0122] like Figure 8 As shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include sending multiple queries to one or more Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices on a query round. Each of the multiple queries has a transmission duration shorter than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and the multiple queries are each sent according to a periodicity longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query round (box 810). For example, a reader (e.g., using...) Figure 10The transmitting component 1004 and / or communication manager 1006 described above can transmit multiple queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round, wherein each of the multiple queries has a transmission duration shorter than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and wherein the multiple queries are each transmitted according to a periodicity longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query round, as described above. In some aspects, each of the multiple queries has a transmission duration shorter than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices. In some aspects, the multiple queries are each transmitted according to a periodicity longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query round.

[0123] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include receiving a response to at least one of a plurality of queries from at least one of one or more A-IoT devices (box 820). For example, a reader (e.g., using...) Figure 10 The receiving component 1002 and / or communication manager 1006 described herein may receive a response to at least one of a plurality of queries from at least one of one or more A-IoT devices, as described above.

[0124] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0125] In the first aspect, process 800 includes sending one or more of a synchronization signal or a preamble to one or more A-IoT devices.

[0126] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the synchronization signal or preamble is sent together with one or more of the multiple queries.

[0127] In the third aspect, transmission duration and latency requirements are associated, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects.

[0128] In the fourth aspect, receiving a response to at least one of a plurality of queries, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, comprises: receiving a response to at least one of a plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices based on an offset relative to a wake-up time associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0129] In a fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 800 includes sending a wake-up configuration to at least one of one or more A-IoT devices, the wake-up configuration having one or more rules for each of the at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement.

[0130] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to delay entering the wake-up cycle from sleep mode.

[0131] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, one or more rules for delaying the transition from sleep mode to the wake-up cycle include one or more rules for applying an offset to the start of the wake-up cycle.

[0132] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the wake-up configuration defines the duration of the wake-up cycle.

[0133] In the ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter a sleep mode for a first time period after sending a response to one or more queries.

[0134] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter a sleep mode for a second time period.

[0135] although Figure 8 An example box of process 800 is shown, but in some respects, process 800 may include... Figure 8 The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 800 may be executed in parallel.

[0136] Figure 9This is a diagram illustrating an example device 900 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 900 may be an A-IoT device, or an A-IoT device may include device 900. In some aspects, device 900 includes a receiving component 902, a transmitting component 904, and / or a communication manager 906 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 906 is combined with... Figure 1 The described communication manager 140. As shown, device 900 can communicate with another device 908 (such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU or base station)) using receiving component 902 and transmitting component 904.

[0137] In some respects, device 900 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 4 to 6 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, device 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 7 The process 700. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 and / or Figure 9 One or more components shown may include combinations Figure 2 One or more components of the described A-IoT device. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion thereof) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0138] Receiver 902 may receive communications from device 908, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 902 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 900. In some aspects, receiver 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.), and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 900. In some aspects, receiver 902 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described A-IoT device includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receiver processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof.

[0139] Transmitting component 904 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 908. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 900 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 904 for transmission to device 908. In some aspects, transmitting component 904 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 908. In some aspects, transmitting component 904 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described A-IoT device includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmitting component 904 may co-located with the receiving component 902 in one or more transceivers.

[0140] The communication manager 906 may support the operation of the receiving component 902 and / or the transmitting component 904. For example, the communication manager 906 may receive information associated with configuring the reception of communications by the receiving component 902 and / or the transmission of communications by the transmitting component 904. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 906 may generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 902 and / or the transmitting component 904 to control the reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0141] The receiving component 902 can receive a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from sleep mode. The wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement. The receiving component 902 can receive one or more queries from the reader during the wake-up cycle. The sending component 904 can send a response to one or more queries to the reader. In some aspects, the receiving component 902 can receive a synchronization signal.

[0142] Figure 9 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, different arrangements may exist. Figure 9 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 9 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 9 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 The executable description of the collection of (one or more) components shown is composed of Figure 9 Another set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0143] Figure 10This is a diagram of an example device 1000 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 1000 may be a reader, or a reader may include device 1000. In some aspects, device 1000 includes a receiving component 1002, a transmitting component 1004, and / or a communication manager 1006 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, communication manager 1006 is combined with... Figure 1 The described communication manager 140 or communication manager 150. As shown, device 1000 can communicate with another device 1008 (such as UE or network node (such as CU, DU, RU or base station)) using receiving component 1002 and transmitting component 1004.

[0144] In some respects, device 1000 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 4 to 6 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 8 The process is 800. In some respects, Figure 10 The illustrated device 1000 and / or one or more components may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described reader. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 10 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more of the described components. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion thereof) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0145] Receiver 1002 may receive communications from device 1008, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1002 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1000. In some aspects, receiver 1002 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 1000. In some aspects, receiver 1002 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described reader includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receiver processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof.

[0146] Transmitting component 1004 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1008. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1000 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1004 for transmission to device 1008. In some aspects, transmitting component 1004 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to device 1008. In some aspects, transmitting component 1004 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described reader may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1004 may co-located with the receive component 1002 in one or more transceivers.

[0147] The communication manager 1006 may support the operation of the receiving component 1002 and / or the transmitting component 1004. For example, the communication manager 1006 may receive information associated with configuring the reception of communications by the receiving component 1002 and / or the transmission of communications by the transmitting component 1004. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1006 may generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1002 and / or the transmitting component 1004 to control the reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0148] The sending component 1004 can send multiple queries to one or more A-IoT devices in query rounds. Each of the multiple queries can have a shorter sending duration than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and the multiple queries can be sent periodically according to a period longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query round. The receiving component 1002 can receive a response to at least one of the multiple queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0149] The transmitting component 1004 can transmit one or more of a synchronization signal or a preamble to one or more A-IoT devices. The transmitting component 1004 can also transmit a wake-up configuration to at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, the wake-up configuration having one or more rules for each of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter a wake-up cycle from sleep mode. The wake-up configuration can indicate latency requirements, and the duration of the wake-up cycle can be associated with the latency requirements.

[0150] Figure 10The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, different arrangements may exist. Figure 10 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 10 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 10 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 10 The executable description of the collection of (one or more) components shown is composed of Figure 10 Another set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0151] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure: Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by an A-IoT device, the method comprising: receiving a wake-up configuration having one or more rules for entering a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; receiving one or more queries from a reader during the wake-up cycle; and sending a response to the one or more queries to the reader.

[0152] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for delaying the transition from the sleep mode to the wake-up cycle.

[0153] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, wherein the one or more rules for delaying the transition from the sleep mode to the wake-up cycle include one or more rules for applying an offset to the start of the wake-up cycle.

[0154] Aspect 4: According to the method described in aspect 3, the offset is a random value.

[0155] Aspect 5: According to the method of aspect 3, the offset is a pre-configured value.

[0156] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules defining the duration of the wake-up cycle.

[0157] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 6, the method further includes receiving a synchronization signal.

[0158] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for entering the sleep mode for a first time period after sending the response to the one or more queries.

[0159] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 8, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for entering the sleep mode for a second time period.

[0160] Aspect 10: A method of wireless communication performed by a reader, the method comprising: sending a plurality of queries to one or more A-IoT devices on a query round, wherein each of the plurality of queries has a transmission duration shorter than a wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and wherein the plurality of queries are each sent according to a periodicity longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query round; and receiving a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0161] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10 further includes sending one or more of a synchronization signal or a preamble to the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0162] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, the synchronization signal or the preamble is sent together with one or more of the plurality of queries.

[0163] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 10 to 12, wherein the transmission duration is associated with a delay requirement.

[0164] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 10 to 13, wherein receiving the response to at least one of the plurality of queries comprises: receiving the response to at least one of the plurality of queries from the at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices based on an offset relative to a wake-up time associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

[0165] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 10 to 14, the method further comprising: sending a wake-up configuration to at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, the wake-up configuration having one or more rules for each of the at least one A-IoT device to enter a wake-up cycle from a sleep mode, wherein the wake-up configuration indicates a latency requirement, and wherein the duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement.

[0166] Aspect 16: According to the method of aspect 15, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to delay entering the wake-up cycle from the sleep mode.

[0167] Aspect 17: According to the method of aspect 16, wherein the one or more rules for delaying the transition from the sleep mode to the wake-up cycle include one or more rules for applying an offset to the start of the wake-up cycle.

[0168] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 15, wherein the wake-up configuration defines the duration of the wake-up cycle.

[0169] Aspect 19: According to the method of aspect 15, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring the at least one A-IoT device among the one or more A-IoT devices to enter the sleep mode for a first time period after sending the response to the one or more queries.

[0170] Aspect 20: According to the method of aspect 15, the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter the sleep mode for a second time period.

[0171] Aspect 21: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 20.

[0172] Aspect 22: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 20.

[0173] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 20.

[0174] Aspect 24: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1 to 20.

[0175] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 20.

[0176] Aspect 26: A device for wireless communication, the device including a processing system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 20.

[0177] Aspect 27: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 20.

[0178] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various aspects of practice.

[0179] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware or a combination of hardware and at least one of software or firmware. "Software" should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or other terms. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems or methods described herein may be implemented in various forms of hardware or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limited in any way. Therefore, the operation and behavior of these systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed to implement these systems or methods, at least in part, based on the description herein. Unless otherwise indicated, a component configured to perform a function means that the component has the capability to perform that function, and it is not necessary for the component to actually perform that function.

[0180] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0181] As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” in a list of entries refers to any combination of those entries, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of the following: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0182] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more entries and are interchangeable with “one or more.” Similarly, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more entries mentioned in connection with the article “the” and is interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “group” and “cluster” are intended to include one or more entries and are interchangeable with “one or more.” If only one entry is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms “having” and similar terms are intended as open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., “having” A may also have B). Additionally, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based on or otherwise related to” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used consecutively and may be used interchangeably with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “either of the two” or “only one of them”). It should be understood that “one or more” is equivalent to “at least one”.

[0183] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims or disclosed in the description, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically stated in the claims or disclosed in the description. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set.

Claims

1. An environmental Internet of Things (A-IoT) device for wireless communication, the environmental Internet of Things (A-IoT) device comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories, are configured to enable the Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device to: Receive a wake-up configuration with one or more rules for transitioning from sleep mode to a wake-up cycle. The wake-up configuration indicates latency requirements, and The duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; During the wake-up period, one or more queries are received from the reader; as well as Send a response to the one or more queries to the reader.

2. The A-IoT device of claim 1, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for delaying the transition from the sleep mode to the wake-up cycle.

3. The A-IoT device of claim 2, wherein the one or more rules for delaying the transition from the sleep mode to the wake-up cycle include one or more rules for applying an offset to the start of the wake-up cycle.

4. The A-IoT device according to claim 3, wherein the offset is a random value.

5. The A-IoT device of claim 3, wherein the offset is a pre-configured value.

6. The A-IoT device of claim 1, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules defining the duration of the wake-up cycle.

7. The A-IoT device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device to receive a synchronization signal.

8. The A-IoT device of claim 1, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for entering the sleep mode for a first time period after sending a response to the one or more queries.

9. The A-IoT device of claim 8, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for entering the sleep mode for a second time period.

10. A reader for wireless communication, the reader comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the reader to: Multiple queries are sent to one or more Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices in each query round. Each of the plurality of queries has a shorter transmission duration than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and The plurality of queries are each sent according to a periodicity that is longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query rounds; as well as Receive a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

11. The reader of claim 10, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the reader to send one or more of a synchronization signal or a preamble to the one or more A-IoT devices.

12. The reader of claim 11, wherein the synchronization signal or the preamble is transmitted together with one or more of the plurality of queries.

13. The reader of claim 10, wherein the transmission duration is associated with a latency requirement.

14. The reader of claim 10, wherein, in order for the reader to receive the response to at least one of the plurality of queries, the one or more processors are configured to cause the reader to receive the response to at least one of the plurality of queries from the at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices based on an offset relative to a wake-up time associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

15. The reader of claim 10, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the reader to: A wake-up configuration is sent to at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, the wake-up configuration having one or more rules for each of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter a wake-up cycle from sleep mode. The wake-up configuration indicates latency requirements, and The duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement.

16. The reader of claim 15, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to delay entering the wake-up cycle from the sleep mode.

17. The reader of claim 16, wherein the one or more rules for delaying entry from the sleep mode into the wake-up cycle include one or more rules for applying an offset to the start of the wake-up cycle.

18. The reader of claim 15, wherein the wake-up configuration defines the duration of the wake-up cycle.

19. The reader of claim 15, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter the sleep mode for a first time period after sending a response to the one or more queries.

20. The reader of claim 15, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for configuring at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter the sleep mode for a second time period.

21. A method for wireless communication performed by an environmental Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, the method comprising: Receive a wake-up configuration with one or more rules for transitioning from sleep mode to a wake-up cycle. The wake-up configuration indicates latency requirements, and The duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement; During the wake-up period, one or more queries are received from the reader; as well as Send a response to the one or more queries to the reader.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for delaying the transition from the sleep mode to the wake-up cycle.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the one or more rules for delaying entry from the sleep mode into the wake-up cycle include one or more rules for applying an offset to the start of the wake-up cycle.

24. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving a synchronization signal.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein the wake-up configuration includes one or more rules for: After sending the response to the one or more queries, the system enters the sleep mode for a first time period; and Entering the aforementioned sleep mode for the second time period.

26. A method for wireless communication performed by a reader, the method comprising: Multiple queries are sent to one or more Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices in each query round. Each of the plurality of queries has a shorter transmission duration than the wake-up period associated with at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, and The plurality of queries are each sent according to a periodicity that is longer than the wake-up period and shorter than the query rounds; as well as Receive a response to at least one of the plurality of queries from at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising sending one or more of a synchronization signal or a preamble to the one or more A-IoT devices.

28. The method of claim 26, wherein the transmission duration is associated with a latency requirement.

29. The method of claim 26, wherein receiving the response to at least one of the plurality of queries comprises: The response to at least one of the plurality of queries is received from the at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices based on an offset relative to the wake-up time associated with at least one of the A-IoT devices.

30. The method according to claim 26, further comprising: A wake-up configuration is sent to at least one of the one or more A-IoT devices, the wake-up configuration having one or more rules for each of the one or more A-IoT devices to enter a wake-up cycle from sleep mode. The wake-up configuration indicates latency requirements, and The duration of the wake-up cycle is associated with the latency requirement.

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