A composite three-layer coated, post-ruminally fat-releasing granule and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of composite three-layer coated fat over rumen sustained-release particles and preparation method thereof, belong to ruminant feed additive technical field.The sustained-release particle comprises fat core, intermediate pH response sustained-release layer, outer rumen isolation protective layer in turn from inside to outside;The fat core comprises mixed oil, composite emulsifier, antioxidant;Intermediate pH response sustained-release layer comprises modified chitosan, soybean lecithin, yeast enzyme complex;Outer protective layer uses high melting point hydrogenated palm stearin and malt dextrin composite wall material.The application realizes hierarchical release by three-layer gradient coating structure: outer protective layer is stable and insoluble in beef cattle rumen neutral environment (pH 6.0~6.8), blocks rumen microorganism degradation fat core;Intermediate pH response layer slowly swells in true stomach acidic environment (pH 2.0~3.5), and after entering small intestine, quickly disintegrates and releases core oil;Add yeast complex enzyme simultaneously, synergistically improve fat digestion and absorption rate.The application effectively solves the pain points of traditional over rumen fat coating, such as easy to break, over rumen rate instability, low small intestine release efficiency, inhibition of rumen fiber fermentation, etc., suitable for beef cattle high-concentrate fattening scene use, over rumen passage rate ≥91%, small intestine fat digestion and utilization rate ≥87%.The application process is suitable for satellite factory collaborative large-scale low-temperature production, cost controllable, can be fed with fermentation functional feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ruminant feed additives, and in particular to a composite three-layer coated rumen fat slow-release granule and its preparation method, which is suitable for energy supplementation in high-concentrate fattening diets for beef cattle. Background Technology

[0002] In high-concentrate fattening models for beef cattle, high-density energy supplementation is required to increase daily weight gain. Directly adding oil will enter the rumen, where unsaturated fatty acids are hydrogenated by rumen microorganisms, inhibiting the activity of fiber-decomposing bacteria, reducing roughage digestibility, and inducing subacute rumen acidosis.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream rumen-coated fats on the market are divided into two categories: fatty acid calcium soaps and single-layer coated fat powders.

[0004] Fatty acid calcium soaps have several drawbacks: they dissociate prematurely under conditions of persistently low rumen pH (in cattle at risk of acidosis); the coating is easily damaged during transport and mixing of single-layer coated fat particles, resulting in large fluctuations in rumen clearance; and most products only provide physical protection, lacking digestive aids, and the small intestinal fat digestibility is less than 75%.

[0005] Most existing coating technologies use a single high-melting-point oil for single-layer protection, which makes it difficult to balance rumen stability and small intestinal release efficiency, resulting in two major drawbacks: over-protection hinders release and under-protection leads to premature leakage. Furthermore, they lack functional components that synergize with beneficial rumen microorganisms, making them unsuitable for the stressful high-concentrate feeding environment of beef cattle.

[0006] Liaoning Muyi Lianchuang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. has long been engaged in the research and development of rumen homeostasis regulation nutrition programs for beef cattle. Combining brewer's yeast enzyme synergistic fermentation technology, they have innovatively proposed a three-layer gradient coating slow-release structure and introduced a brewer's yeast complex enzyme system to solve the defects of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, a composite three-layer coated rumen fat slow-release granule and its preparation method are provided. This method achieves stable isolation of fat in the rumen, initiation of swelling in the abomasum, and rapid release in the small intestine, thereby improving the rumen passage rate and digestibility. It is suitable for high-concentrate fattening of beef cattle and reduces the risk of rumen damage caused by high-concentrate feeding. Technical solution

[0008] A composite three-layer coated rumen fat sustained-release particle, comprising, from the inside out, a fat core, an intermediate pH-responsive sustained-release layer, and an outer rumen isolation and protective layer; The fat core comprises, by weight, 65-80 parts of mixed oils, 2-5 parts of compound emulsifier, and 0.1-0.5 parts of antioxidant; The mixed oil is a compound mixture of palmitic acid glyceride, flaxseed oil, and coconut oil; The intermediate pH-responsive slow-release layer raw materials, by weight, are: 8-15 parts modified chitosan, 3-6 parts soybean lecithin, and 0.5-2 parts brewer's yeast complex enzyme; The raw materials of the outer rumen isolation protective layer are as follows by weight: 12-20 parts hydrogenated palm stearin and 5-10 parts maltodextrin; The slow-release particles have a particle size of 0.3–1.2 mm.

[0009] Preferred formulation: The compound emulsifier is a combination of sucrose fatty acid ester, glyceryl monostearate, and bile salts; the antioxidants are vitamin E, citric acid, and rosemary extract; the modified chitosan is lactic acid modified chitosan; the Saccharomyces cerevisiae compound enzyme includes lipase, saccharifying enzyme, and protease.

[0010] The outer layer of hydrogenated palm stearin has a melting point of 62–70°C; the middle layer is stable in the rumen environment at pH 6.0–6.8, but swells and disintegrates in the acidic environment of the abomasum at pH ≤ 3.5.

[0011] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned particles: S1 Preparation of fat core: Mixed oils are melted at 60-70℃, emulsifiers and antioxidants are added, high-speed shearing homogenization is performed, and spray condensation granulation is carried out to obtain fat core microspheres; S2 Intermediate Coating: Modified chitosan is dissolved in a weak acid, and lecithin and brewer's yeast complex enzymes are added to prepare a coating solution; the core is coated in a fluidized bed as the first layer, and dried at 38-45℃ with inlet air; S3 outer coating: hydrogenated palm stearin is melt-mixed with maltodextrin, then coated twice in a fluidized bed, cooled and solidified, and sieved to obtain the finished slow-release granules.

[0012] This invention also protects the application of the slow-release granules as a feed additive in high-concentrate fattening of beef cattle. Beneficial effects

[0013] 1. Three-layer gradient coating structure to achieve graded slow release: The outer layer is a high melting point fat barrier that remains intact in the neutral environment of the rumen of beef cattle at 39°C, preventing fat leakage; the middle pH-responsive layer only begins to swell when it enters the acidic environment of the abomasum, avoiding fat release in the rumen, protecting the rumen fiber-decomposing bacteria, and is suitable for high-concentrate feeding mode.

[0014] 2. The middle layer introduces a complex enzyme of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (lipase and saccharifying enzyme), which is released simultaneously upon reaching the small intestine to assist in the emulsification and decomposition of fat, significantly improving the digestibility and utilization rate of fat in the small intestine.

[0015] 3. The particles have high mechanical strength, are not easily damaged during TMR mixing and long-distance transportation, have a stable rumen passage rate of ≥91%, and a small intestinal digestibility of ≥87%, which is superior to single-layer coated products on the market.

[0016] 4. The production process is mild and low-temperature, preserving yeast enzyme activity; the entire process is compatible with the collaborative production model of Muyi Lianchuang satellite factories, making it easy to scale up production; it can be used in conjunction with Muyi Kangtai fermented feed to jointly maintain rumen homeostasis in beef cattle.

[0017] 5. The formula contains no chemical organic solvents, all raw materials comply with national standards for feed additives, there are no drug residues, and it is safe to feed. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite three-layer coated rumen fat-releasing particles of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-fat core, 2-intermediate pH-responsive sustained-release layer, 3-outer rumen isolation and protection layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1 (Optimal Example) 1. Raw material ratio (parts by weight) Fat core: 55 parts palmitate glycerides, 15 parts flaxseed oil, 5 parts coconut oil, 3 parts compound emulsifier (sucrose fatty acid ester: monoglyceride: bile salt = 2:1:1), 0.3 parts vitamin E + rosemary compound antioxidant; Intermediate pH-responsive slow-release layer: 12 parts lactic acid modified chitosan, 4 parts soybean lecithin, and 1.2 parts brewer's yeast complex enzyme; Outer protective layer: 16 parts hydrogenated palm stearin, 7 parts maltodextrin; 2. Preparation steps S1 oil is heated to 65℃ to melt, emulsifier and antioxidant are added, high-speed shearing at 12000rpm for 12min, spray condensation granulation is performed to obtain fat core with a particle size of 0.4~0.8mm; S2 prepared a chitosan aqueous solution, added lecithin and yeast complex enzyme, and coated the core in a fluidized bed. The coating weight increased by 10%, and the drying temperature was 42℃. S3 hydrogenated palm stearin was melted at 68°C, mixed with maltodextrin, coated on the outer layer of a fluidized bed, resulting in a 13% weight gain. After cooling and sieving, the finished slow-release granules were obtained.

[0020] Comparative Example 1 (single-layer grease coating, conventional process) It uses only the same amount of hydrogenated palm stearin to directly coat the fat core, without an intermediate pH-responsive layer or yeast complex enzymes.

[0021] In vitro simulation test results Simulated rumen environment (pH 6.4, 39℃ incubation for 24h): Example 1: Fat leakage rate 3.7%; Comparative Example 1: Leakage rate 11.6%; Simulate the small intestinal environment (pH 7.8, with added pancreatic enzymes and bile salts): Example 1 showed a fat release digestibility of 88.2%; Comparative Example 1 showed a digestibility of 72.5%.

[0022] Experiments have shown that the three-layer composite structure of this invention significantly reduces rumen leakage while improving the efficiency of small intestinal fat release.

[0023] Feeding application trial Fattening beef cattle weighing 550kg were selected and fed in groups with a high-concentrate diet. The experimental group was given the slow-release pellets of this invention, while the control group was given commercially available single-layer coated rumen fat.

[0024] The trial period is 90 days. The experimental group of beef cattle showed an average daily weight gain increase of 8.6%, a decrease in the frequency of rumen acidosis, and a 7.3% increase in feed conversion efficiency. The dietary crude fiber digestibility was significantly higher than that of the control group, proving that this product does not inhibit rumen fiber fermentation and is suitable for high-concentrate fattening scenarios for beef cattle.

Claims

1. A composite three-layer coated rumen fat-releasing granule, characterized in that, From the inside out, it consists of a fat core, a middle pH-responsive sustained-release layer, and an outer rumen isolation and protection layer. The fat core comprises, by weight, 65-80 parts of mixed oils, 2-5 parts of compound emulsifier, and 0.1-0.5 parts of antioxidant; The mixed oil is a compound mixture of palmitic acid glyceride, flaxseed oil, and coconut oil; The intermediate pH-responsive slow-release layer raw materials, by weight, are: 8-15 parts modified chitosan, 3-6 parts soybean lecithin, and 0.5-2 parts brewer's yeast complex enzyme; The raw materials of the outer rumen isolation protective layer are as follows by weight: 12-20 parts hydrogenated palm stearin and 5-10 parts maltodextrin; The sustained-release particles have a particle size of 0.3–1.2 mm.

2. The composite three-layer coated rumen fat-releasing granules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite emulsifier is a compound system of sucrose fatty acid ester, glyceryl monostearate, and bile salts; the antioxidant is a compound antioxidant system of vitamin E, citric acid, and rosemary extract.

3. The composite three-layer coated rumen fat-releasing granules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified chitosan is lactic acid-modified water-soluble chitosan; the brewer's yeast complex enzyme contains lipase, saccharifying enzyme, and protease.

4. The composite three-layer coated rumen fat-releasing granules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer layer of hydrogenated palm stearin has a melting point of 62–70°C; the middle pH-responsive slow-release layer is stable in an environment of pH 6.0–6.8 and gradually swells under acidic conditions of pH ≤ 3.

5.

5. The method for preparing the composite three-layer coated rumen fat sustained-release particles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1 Preparation of fat core: The mixed oil is heated to 60-70℃ to melt, a composite emulsifier and antioxidant are added, high-speed shearing homogenization is performed, and fat core microspheres are obtained by spray condensation granulation; S2 Preparation of intermediate coating solution: Dissolve modified chitosan in a weak acid aqueous solution, add soybean lecithin and brewer's yeast complex enzyme, stir evenly to obtain pH-responsive coating solution; The fat core was first coated using a fluidized bed and then dried. S3 Preparation of outer coating material: Hydrogenated palm stearin is heated and melted, and mixed with maltodextrin to obtain the outer coating material; secondary coating in fluidized bed, cooling and solidification, and sieving to obtain three-layer coated slow-release particles.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inlet air temperature of the S2 fluidized bed is 38-45℃, and the weight gain of the coating is controlled at 8%-12%; the weight gain of the outer coating of the S3 fluidized bed is 10%-16%.

7. The application of the composite three-layer coated rumen fat slow-release granules as described in claim 1 in high-concentrate fattening feed additives for beef cattle.

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