Multi-size thin-walled part turning soft jaw, soft jaw processing method and thin-walled part turning method

Abstract

The present application relates to chuck soft jaw technical field, the present application provides a plurality of size thin-walled part turning soft jaw, soft jaw processing method and thin-walled part turning method, it includes soft jaw main body, the number is M, each soft jaw main body is radially moved and is arranged on chuck, each soft jaw main body has N abutting arc surface that is sequentially arranged in circumference, to adapt to different radius workpiece;When the workpiece of radius R1 is processed, the soft jaw main body is moved to the first stroke position, all first abutting arc surface is used to abut on the inner wall or outer wall of workpiece simultaneously to clamp workpiece, and all other abutting arc surface is formed clearance between workpiece;When the workpiece of radius R N is processed, the soft jaw main body is moved to the Nth stroke position, all Nth abutting arc surface is used to abut on the inner wall or outer wall of workpiece simultaneously to clamp workpiece, and all other abutting arc surface is formed clearance between workpiece.Solves the technical problem that the same specification soft jaw in the prior art cannot adapt to multiple size workpiece thin-walled part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chuck soft jaw technology, specifically to the turning of soft jaws for thin-walled parts of various sizes, soft jaw machining methods, and turning methods for thin-walled parts. Background Technology

[0002] In turning, the three-jaw self-centering chuck is a general-purpose fixture that clamps and positions the workpiece using three synchronously sliding jaws. To improve clamping performance, soft jaws are typically used, made of a machinable material with a hardness lower than that of the workpiece. Before use, these jaws can be ground on-site to create an arc surface that matches the outer contour of the workpiece. Compared to three-jaw self-centering chucks with hard jaws, soft jaws can transform point or line contact into surface contact, thus distributing clamping force more evenly and reducing workpiece deformation. Therefore, soft jaws are widely used in machining thin-walled parts, non-ferrous metal parts, and precision components. However, soft jaws also have relatively obvious drawbacks. The arc surface machined by soft jaws can only accommodate thin-walled parts of one size. If the size of the thin-walled part changes, the contact between the soft jaws and the workpiece reverts to line contact.

[0003] In existing technologies, the machining process for soft jaws typically involves mounting the soft jaws on a chuck, applying a clamping force equivalent to the actual machining operation, and then turning the top support surface of the soft jaws with a cutting tool to form an arc surface that matches the diameter of the workpiece to be clamped. However, when machining thin-walled stepped shafts or stepped sleeves with different diameters at both ends, because the arc surface of the soft jaws is fixed after machining, a set of soft jaws only has a single fixed diameter top support surface. After machining one end of the workpiece, the current soft jaws must be disassembled and replaced with another set of soft jaws pre-ground to the corresponding diameter before the workpiece can be clamped for machining the other end. This not only affects machining efficiency, but replacing the soft jaws may also lead to misuse or omissions, causing deformation of thin-walled parts and reducing the yield rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, embodiments of the present invention provide a soft jaw for turning thin-walled parts of multiple sizes, a soft jaw machining method, and a thin-walled part turning method, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that a soft jaw of the same specification cannot be adapted to the machining of thin-walled parts of multiple sizes.

[0005] Multi-size thin-walled turning jaws, including: The soft claw body has M units, each of which is radially movable and mounted on the chuck. Each soft claw body has N abutment arc surfaces arranged circumferentially to adapt to workpieces of different radii. When machining a workpiece with radius R1, the soft claw body moves to the first stroke position, and uses all the first abutting arc surfaces to simultaneously abut against the inner or outer wall of the workpiece to clamp the workpiece, and creates a gap between all other abutting arc surfaces and the workpiece. When the radius is R N When processing the workpiece, the soft claw body moves to the Nth stroke position and uses all the Nth abutment arc surfaces to simultaneously abut against the inner or outer wall of the workpiece to clamp the workpiece, and makes all other abutment arc surfaces form a gap with the workpiece. The distance from the first stroke position to the center of the chuck is D1, and the distance from the Nth stroke position to the center of the chuck is D. N And satisfy (R) N -R1) 2 < (D1-D N ) 2 .

[0006] For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-size thin-walled turning soft jaw is provided, in which N abutment arc surfaces are arranged in descending order of radius of curvature from one side to the other, and the abutment arc surfaces of multiple soft jaw bodies are arranged in the same direction.

[0007] For example, the multi-size thin-walled turning soft jaw provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention has two sets of symmetrically distributed abutment arc surfaces on each soft jaw body. From the circumferential center of the soft jaw body to both sides, N abutment arc surfaces in each set are arranged in order of decreasing radius of curvature.

[0008] For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-size thin-walled turning soft jaw is provided, wherein the abutting arc surface is located on the outer peripheral wall of a plurality of soft jaw bodies.

[0009] For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-size thin-walled turning soft jaw is provided, wherein the abutting arc surface is located on the inner peripheral wall of a plurality of soft jaw bodies.

[0010] For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-size thin-walled turning soft jaws have a central angle β corresponding to each of the abutting arc surfaces satisfying: 20°≤β≤120°, so as to avoid concentrated clamping force that could damage the workpiece.

[0011] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-size thin-walled turning soft jaw, wherein the end of the soft jaw body away from the chuck has a step for mounting a retaining ring, the step being able to allow the retaining ring to avoid the machining surface of the body, and the step being configured to determine the stroke position of the soft jaw body during machining by abutting against the inner or outer wall of the retaining ring.

[0012] According to another aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for machining soft jaws for turning thin-walled parts of multiple dimensions, including: S100, several soft claw bodies are mounted on the chuck, enabling them to move radially on the chuck; S200, move all the soft jaw bodies to the first stroke position, and use the cutting tool to machine the abutment arc surface of the soft jaws to form the first abutment arc surface; S300, repeat step S200 above until the processing of the Nth contact arc surface is completed.

[0013] For example, in step S200, the multi-size thin-walled part turning soft claw machining method provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention places the first retaining ring on the step movement path of the multiple soft claw bodies, so that the step can abut against the first retaining ring after the soft claw body moves to limit the stroke position of the soft claw body, and then uses a turning tool to machine the first abutting arc surface of the soft claw body. The difference in radius between the first circlip and the Nth circlip is R. 差 The difference between the distances from the first stroke position and the Nth stroke position to the chuck center is D, and D=R. 差 .

[0014] According to another aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for turning thin-walled parts, for turning thin-walled parts with different dimensions at both ends, including: S100, move the soft jaw body so that the abutting arc surface of the soft jaw body abuts against the first dimension surface of the thin-walled part to fix the thin-walled part, and use a lathe tool to machine the thin-walled part; S200, the moving soft jaw body loosens the first dimension surface of the thin-walled part, flips the thin-walled part, moves the soft jaw body so that the other abutting arc surface of the soft jaw body abuts against the second dimension surface of the thin-walled part to fix the thin-walled part, and uses a lathe tool to machine the thin-walled part.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, N abutment arc surfaces are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the soft jaw body, each adaptable to workpieces of different radii. This is equivalent to integrating multiple grinding arc surfaces with different clamping diameters onto the same soft jaw body. When a workpiece with radius R1 needs to be clamped, the soft jaw body is moved to the first stroke position. At this point, all the first abutment arc surfaces simultaneously abut against the workpiece, achieving centering and clamping. Because the curvature radii of the other abutment arc surfaces do not match the workpiece radius, they naturally form gaps with the workpiece and do not participate in clamping. Similarly, when the processing radius is R... N When clamping a workpiece, the soft jaw moves to the Nth stroke position, where the Nth abutment arc surface clamps the workpiece, while the remaining arc surfaces form gaps. In this way, without disassembling or replacing the soft jaw, different abutment arc surfaces can be used to reliably clamp workpieces of different diameters simply by changing the radial stroke position of the soft jaw, thus solving the problem that traditional soft jaws can only clamp workpieces of a single size after being reground. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soft claw body when it is stationary at the first stroke position according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main view structure in the embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 For this Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure when the soft claw body is stationary at the Nth stroke position in the embodiment; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the main view structure in the embodiment; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soft claw body and the chuck in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the main view structure in the embodiment; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soft claw body and chuck in the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the main view structure in the embodiment; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the state when machining a contact arc surface of a soft claw; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a structural embodiment of the retaining ring of the present invention; In the diagram: 100, main body; 01, chuck; 110, contact arc surface; 02, retaining ring; 130, step. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it.

[0019] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0020] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] When machining thin-walled parts on CNC lathes, conventional lathes, and other equipment, a three-jaw self-centering chuck is typically used to clamp the workpiece. A three-jaw self-centering chuck consists of a disc body and three soft jaws that slide radially along the disc body. When machining the outer wall of a thin-walled part, the three soft jaws abut against the inner wall of the part to clamp it. When machining the inner wall of a thin-walled part, the three soft jaws abut against the outer wall of the part in a closed-off manner. For machining non-ferrous metals such as aluminum alloys and copper alloys, as well as precision bushings, a thin-walled part is defined as a part whose thickness is related to its diameter. For example, if the outer diameter of a bushing is D and the wall thickness is d, and the bushing satisfies 0.1D ≤ d ≤ 0.45D, then the part is defined as a thin-walled part. To avoid workpiece deformation when the soft claws contact the workpiece, the contact surface between the soft claws and the workpiece needs to be machined to fit the dimensions of the outer or inner wall of the workpiece. This allows the soft claws to form a surface contact with the workpiece, avoiding stress concentration caused by point or line contact, which could lead to deformation of thin-walled parts.

[0025] Existing soft jaw technology utilizes direct turning of the soft jaw contact surface to obtain a soft jaw that fits the workpiece. This allows for adaptability machining of thin-walled parts like bushings with a single size. However, to avoid tool collisions between the turning tool and the soft jaw and to ensure the integrity of the outer or inner wall machining of the bushing, the soft jaw typically clamps one end of the bushing for machining, and then flips the bushing to clamp the other end for machining. But for bushing parts with different inner or outer diameters at both ends, the common practice is to first clamp and machine the bushing using a soft jaw adapted to one end. After machining one batch, the jaw must be replaced with one adapted to the other end, and the bushings from the previous batch, which were only machined at one end, must be clamped again for machining. This method not only causes bushings to accumulate during the turning stage, extending the waiting time for the next process and slowing down the entire production cycle, but also, especially for small batches of bushings, requires operators to repeatedly change the soft jaw, further slowing down the production cycle and increasing the likelihood of errors due to frequent disassembly, directly impacting the bushing yield.

[0026] like Figures 1-12 As shown, this invention illustrates a multi-size thin-walled part turning jaw according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising three jaw bodies 100, which are evenly distributed on a chuck 01 and can move synchronously along the radial direction of the chuck 01. Each jaw body 100 has at least two abutting arc surfaces 110 on the side opposite to the center of the chuck 01. The two abutting arc surfaces 110 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the jaw body 100 and are respectively used to clamp radii of R1, R2...R N The workpiece.

[0027] like Figures 1-3As shown, three soft jaw bodies 100 are mounted on the chuck 01. These three soft jaw bodies 100 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the chuck 01 and can move synchronously radially around the chuck 01 under the action of the drive mechanism. The figure shows an example where the abutting arc surface of the soft jaw body 100 faces outwards, used to clamp the inner wall of the workpiece from within; however, it should be understood that the abutting direction can be reversed. Each soft jaw body 100 has two abutting arc surfaces 110 machined on the side away from the center of the chuck 01. These two abutting arc surfaces 110 are arranged sequentially circumferentially around the soft jaw body 100. The first abutting arc surface 110 is located approximately at the center of the circumference of the soft jaw body 100, while the second abutting arc surface 110 is divided into two parts, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first abutting arc surface 110. This symmetrical arrangement helps maintain force balance when clamping different workpieces. Figures 1 to 3 The two dashed circles in the middle represent radii R1 and R2, respectively. N When machining the workpiece, the three soft jaw bodies 100 simultaneously move outward to the first stroke position, so that their respective first abutting arc surfaces 110 simultaneously fit against the inner wall of the workpiece, achieving centering and clamping. At this time, because the two sections of the second abutting arc surface 110 have different radii of curvature from the inner wall of the workpiece, and their circumferential positions are offset from the first abutting arc surface 110, a gap is maintained between them and the inner wall of the workpiece, and no additional force is applied to the workpiece.

[0028] like Figures 4-6 As shown, when it is necessary to adjust the radius to R2 (R in the figure) N When machining a workpiece with radius R2 (i.e., N=2), the three soft jaw bodies 100 retract inward to the second stroke position. At this time, the second abutment arc surfaces 110, symmetrically distributed on both sides, simultaneously form surface contact with the inner wall of the workpiece, while the first abutment arc surfaces 110 disengage and form a gap. In this way, the same set of soft jaws can achieve adaptive clamping of two workpieces with different diameters by only changing the radial stroke.

[0029] To ensure that different contact surfaces 110 maintain sufficient clearance during their respective operations to avoid interference, the relationship between the soft jaw's stroke and the workpiece radius is defined as follows: Let D1 be the distance from a fixed reference point on the soft jaw body 100 to the center of the chuck 01 when the soft jaw body 100 moves to the first stroke position; and D1 be the distance from the same reference point to the center of the chuck 01 when the soft jaw body 100 moves to the Nth stroke position. N The workpiece radii corresponding to the first abutment arc surface 110 and the Nth abutment arc surface 110 are R1 and R2, respectively. N And satisfy (R) N -R1)²<(D1-D NThe absolute difference must satisfy the above-mentioned size relationship. This geometric relationship ensures that, regardless of which arc surface is used for clamping, the non-working arc surface will not come into contact with the workpiece. When this condition is met, the radial displacement caused by the change in stroke is greater than the change in the workpiece radius, thereby forming a gap in the radial direction and preventing the abutting arc surface 110, which is mismatched with the workpiece size, from making line contact with the workpiece, which would cause workpiece deformation.

[0030] The number of abutting curved surfaces 110 is not limited to two. Figures 7-9 In the illustrated embodiment, N abutment arc surfaces 110 are machined on each soft claw body 100, where N ≥ 3. The multiple abutment arc surfaces 110 are arranged sequentially along the circumference, and their radii of curvature can gradually increase or decrease in one direction. For example, viewed along a certain circumferential direction of the soft claw body 100, the radii of curvature of each abutment arc surface 110 are Ra, Rb, and Rc, respectively, satisfying Ra > Rb > Rc. Thus, in a single installation of the soft claw body 100, by moving the soft claw to different stroke positions, the workpieces corresponding to Ra, Rb, and Rc can be clamped respectively.

[0031] To further optimize the stress state and space utilization, the multiple abutment arc surfaces 110 can be arranged in two symmetrically distributed groups. Specifically, from the circumferential center of the soft claw body 100 to both sides, the radii of curvature of the N abutment arc surfaces 110 in each group are arranged in descending order. The abutment arc surface with the largest radius is located at the circumferential center, and the arc surfaces with smaller radii are arranged sequentially on both sides. With this arrangement, when clamping a large-diameter workpiece, the central arc surface is the main load-bearing surface, and the smaller radius arc surfaces on both sides naturally give way; when clamping a small-diameter workpiece, the arc surfaces on both sides participate in the clamping, and the large radius arc surface in the center gives way. This symmetrical and gradually changing structure is conducive to the symmetrical distribution of clamping force and reduces the deformation of thin-walled parts caused by eccentric loading.

[0032] The above embodiments are all described with the abutting arc surface 110 located on the side of the soft claw body 100 that is far apart from each other, that is, in a way that supports the inner wall of the workpiece. This method is suitable for machining processes such as the outer circle and end face of the workpiece. Of course, the abutting arc surface 110 can also be located on the side of the soft claw body 100 that is close to each other, for clamping and holding the outer wall of the workpiece. Figures 10-12 This arrangement is illustrated schematically. In this configuration, the soft jaw body 100 moves towards the center of the chuck, using the selected abutment arc surface 110 to grip the workpiece from the outside. This is suitable for machining internal holes or machining requirements on the inner walls of workpieces. The two clamping methods can be flexibly selected according to actual machining needs.

[0033] Considering that the contact area between the soft jaws and the workpiece directly affects the clamping effect, the central angle β corresponding to each contact arc surface 110 should be controlled between 20° and 120°. When β is less than 20°, the contact area of ​​a single arc surface is too small, which can easily cause contact stress concentration, leading to indentation or deformation on the surface of thin-walled parts. When β is greater than 120°, the total circumferential wrap angle of the corresponding arc surfaces on the three soft jaw bodies 100 may exceed the reasonable range, which can easily cause interference between adjacent soft jaws and reduce the clearance space required for non-working arc surfaces. In practical applications, an appropriate angle can be selected within this range according to the workpiece wall thickness and material properties. For example, for thin-walled aluminum alloy parts, β can be controlled between 60° and 90° to balance the contact area and arrangement space; for thin-walled steel parts with slightly better rigidity, it can be appropriately reduced to 40° to 60° to leave more grinding allowance.

[0034] To facilitate on-site machining of the soft jaws and ensure the dimensional accuracy of each contact arc surface 110, a step 130 can be provided at the end of the soft jaw body 100 away from the chuck 01. Figures 13-14 The structure is shown. Step 130 is used to support a dedicated retainer 02 during the machining process. The retainer 02 can avoid the machining surfaces on the soft jaw body 100 that need to be turned. In specific operation, the soft jaw body 100 is first installed on the chuck 01 and a preload equivalent to machining is applied. Then, the first retainer 02 is placed on the moving path of step 130, driving the soft jaw body 100 to move outward (or inward) until step 130 abuts against the first retainer 02. At this point, the stroke position of the soft jaw is precisely determined by the retainer. Next, a turning tool is used to turn and cut on the soft jaw body 100 to form the first radius abutting arc surface 110. When machining the Nth abutting arc surface 110, simply replace it with the Nth retainer 02, again using step 130 to support the retainer, moving the soft jaw to the corresponding stroke position, and then turning the Nth abutting arc surface 110. Because the radius difference R of the retainers... 差 The change in the soft claw stroke D satisfies D=R 差 The radii of each abutment arc surface 110 cut by the turning process can accurately correspond to the radius of the target workpiece. This method is not only simple to operate, but also significantly reduces the dependence on the operator's experience, ensuring the interchangeability and centering accuracy of the multi-arc soft jaws.

[0035] Among them, using the snap ring 02 to determine the stroke of the soft claw body 100 can also simulate the reaction force that the soft claw body 100 experiences when clamping the workpiece, thereby avoiding errors in the processing and clamping of the soft claw body 100.

[0036] like Figures 13-14As shown, the machining process for the multi-size thin-walled parts with turning soft jaws can be summarized as follows: First, several soft jaws are mounted on the chuck 01, and it is confirmed that they can move radially synchronously; the soft jaws are moved to the first stroke position, and the abutment arc surface 110 area of ​​the soft jaws is machined using a cutting tool to form the first abutment arc surface 110; then the soft jaws are moved to the Nth stroke position, and turning continues based on the first abutment arc surface 110 to machine the Nth abutment arc surface 110 on the soft jaw body 100. The turning depth and position of subsequent arc surfaces are determined by the stroke position, and the parts of the previous arc surface that do not overlap with the newly turned area are retained, ultimately forming multiple arc surfaces arranged circumferentially with different radii of curvature. It should be noted that before each turning operation, it is advisable to place the corresponding size retainer 02 on the moving path of the step 130 to determine the stroke position by limiting it, so that the radius difference of each arc surface is consistent with the radius difference of the retainer 02.

[0037] When using the aforementioned soft jaws for turning thin-walled parts, the entire machining process for workpieces with different dimensions at both ends can be completed without changing the fixture. A typical procedure is as follows: move the soft jaws so that the abutment arc surface 110 on the soft jaws, adapted to the first dimension of the workpiece's first end, clamps the first dimension surface of the workpiece; use a cutting tool to machine the other end or other parts of the workpiece; after machining, move the soft jaws to release the first dimension surface, flip the workpiece, move the soft jaws again so that the abutment arc surface 110 adapted to the second dimension of the workpiece clamps the second dimension surface, and then machine the remaining portion. The entire process requires no disassembly or replacement of the soft jaws, significantly reducing auxiliary time and lowering the risk of positioning errors and deformation caused by repeated clamping and jaw replacement.

[0038] Optionally, the material of the soft jaw body 100 can be flexibly selected according to the workpiece material. For example, when clamping aluminum alloy workpieces, copper alloy or low-carbon steel soft jaws can be used; when clamping steel, alloy steel with slightly higher hardness can be used. Nitriding or plating treatment can be performed on the abutting arc surface 110 to enhance wear resistance. The transition edge of the abutting arc surface 110 can be machined with rounded corners or chamfers to avoid scratching the workpiece surface. In addition to conventional bolt fastening, the connection between the soft jaw body 100 and the chuck 01 slide can also be enhanced with positioning keys or pins to improve repeatability. The power source driving the soft jaw movement can be a manual wrench, hydraulic or pneumatic device; its specific form does not affect the implementation of the multi-arc surface feature in this solution. Furthermore, although the instruction manual mainly uses a three-jaw chuck as an example, the same approach is fully applicable to other chucks with a jaw number M≥3, such as four-jaw chucks, six-jaw chucks, etc. In these cases, N abutting arc surfaces 110 can also be set on the soft jaw body 100 to achieve multi-size clamping.

[0039] In summary, the soft jaws provided above are not only suitable for machining thin-walled parts, but also for machining other shaft parts, including but not limited to thick-walled shaft parts and solid shaft parts.

[0040] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft jaw for turning thin-walled parts of multiple sizes, characterized in that, include: The soft claw body (100) has a quantity of M, M≥3. Each soft claw body is radially moved and disposed on the chuck (01). Each soft claw body (100) has N abutment arc surfaces (110) arranged circumferentially to adapt to workpieces of different radii, N≥2. When machining a workpiece with a radius of R1, the soft claw body (100) moves to the first stroke position, and uses all the first abutting arc surfaces (110) to simultaneously abut against the inner or outer wall of the workpiece to clamp the workpiece, and makes all other abutting arc surfaces (110) form a gap with the workpiece. When the radius is R N When processing the workpiece, the soft claw body (100) moves to the Nth stroke position and uses all the Nth abutment arc surfaces (110) to simultaneously abut against the inner or outer wall of the workpiece to clamp the workpiece, and to form a gap between all other abutment arc surfaces (110) and the workpiece. The distance from the first stroke position to the center of the chuck (01) is D1, and the distance from the Nth stroke position to the center of the chuck (01) is D. N And satisfy (R) N -R1) 2 < (D1-D N ) 2 .

2. The multi-size thin-walled turning jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that, From one side of the soft claw body (100) to the other side, N contact arc surfaces (110) are arranged in descending order of radius of curvature, and the contact arc surfaces (110) of multiple soft claw bodies (100) are arranged in the same direction.

3. The multi-size thin-walled turning jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each soft claw body (100) has two sets of symmetrically distributed abutment arc surfaces (110). From the circumferential center of the soft claw body (100) to both sides, N abutment arc surfaces (110) in each set are arranged in order of decreasing radius of curvature.

4. The multi-size thin-walled turning jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutting arc surface (110) is located on the outer peripheral wall of the soft claw body (100).

5. The multi-size thin-walled turning jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutting arc surface (110) is located on the inner peripheral wall of the soft claw body (100).

6. The multi-size thin-walled turning jaw according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The central angle β corresponding to each of the abutting arc surfaces (110) satisfies: 20°≤β≤120°, so as to avoid the concentrated clamping force damaging the workpiece.

7. The multi-size thin-walled turning jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soft claw body (100) has a step (130) at one end away from the chuck (01) for mounting a retaining ring (02). The step (130) allows the retaining ring (02) to avoid the machining surface of the soft claw body (100). The step (130) is configured to determine the stroke position of the soft claw body (100) during machining by abutting against the inner or outer wall of the retaining ring (02).

8. A method for processing soft jaws, characterized in that, include: S100, several soft claw bodies (100) are mounted on the chuck (01) so that they can move radially on the chuck (01); S200, move all the soft claw bodies (100) to the first stroke position or the Nth stroke position, and use a lathe tool to machine the abutting arc surface (110) of the soft claw to form the first abutting arc surface (110). S300, repeat the above steps S200, and each time the soft claw body (100) is in a different stroke position, until the processing of the Nth contact arc surface (110) is completed.

9. The soft jaw processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S200, the first retaining ring (02) is placed on the movement path of the step (130) of the multiple soft claw bodies (100), so that after the soft claw body (100) moves, the step (130) can abut against the first retaining ring (02) to limit the stroke position of the soft claw body (100), and then the first abutting arc surface (110) of the soft claw body (100) is machined by turning with a lathe tool. The difference in radius between the first retaining ring (02) and the Nth retaining ring (02) is R. 差 The difference between the distance from the first stroke position and the Nth stroke position to the center of the chuck (01) is D, and satisfies D=R. 差 .

10. A method for turning thin-walled parts, comprising using the multi-size thin-walled part turning jaws as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 to turn thin-walled parts with different dimensions at both ends, characterized in that, include: S100, move the soft claw body (100) so that the abutting arc surface (110) of the soft claw body (100) abuts against the first dimension surface of the thin-walled part to fix the thin-walled part, and use a lathe tool to process the thin-walled part; S200, the movable soft jaw body (100) loosens the first dimension surface of the thin-walled part, flips the thin-walled part, moves the soft jaw body (100) so that the other abutting arc surface (110) of the soft jaw body (100) abuts against the second dimension surface of the thin-walled part to fix the thin-walled part, and uses a lathe tool to process the thin-walled part.

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