A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower

Abstract

The application discloses a liquefied gas loading and unloading tower for a ship, which comprises a cover plate mechanism, a first main tower rod, a second auxiliary tower rod, a third auxiliary tower rod, a tower rod base, a connecting fixed rod, a pump tower base which is located below the tower rod base and is movably connected with the tower rod base, a first unloading pump mechanism which is connected with the tower rod base and the second auxiliary tower rod respectively, a second unloading pump mechanism which is connected with the tower rod base and the third auxiliary tower rod respectively, a spraying cooling mechanism which is connected with the pump tower base and the second auxiliary tower rod respectively, and a cabin cleaning pump mechanism which is connected with the pump tower base and the third auxiliary tower rod respectively. The application improves the spatial integration of different functional pipelines and pump groups on the tower, improves the thermal stress distribution under the action of low-temperature medium, and enhances the stability and fatigue resistance of the tower base connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of liquefied gas ship transportation equipment technology, and in particular to a ship liquefied gas loading and unloading tower. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ship transportation equipment for liquefied gases (such as liquefied natural gas LNG), it is usually necessary to install loading and unloading towers inside the storage tanks to support and arrange pipelines and pump sets for multiple functions such as loading, unloading, tank cleaning, and pre-cooling of liquefied gases.

[0003] In the loading and unloading tower structures of related technologies, various functional pipelines and pumps are often directly fixed or stacked interlaced on the tower truss members. During actual operation, due to the introduction of cryogenic media (such as LNG at -162°C) into the storage tank, the various functional pipelines and tower members are prone to uneven contraction and thermal stress concentration due to different medium flow states and temperature differences. At the same time, when ships are sailing at sea, they are subjected to wind and waves, causing swaying and vibration. The vibration load and uneven thermal stress are superimposed and transmitted to the base of the tower and the pipeline connection nodes, which can easily lead to fatigue failure of pipeline support points, torsional deformation of the tower truss, and loosening or stress concentration failure of the connection structure between the pump unit and the tower base. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the shortcomings of existing marine liquefied gas loading and unloading towers, such as low integration of pipelines and pump sets and uneven thermal stress distribution under the action of low temperature media, this application provides a marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower.

[0005] The technical solution for a marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower provided in this application is as follows: A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower includes a cover plate mechanism, a first main tower, a second auxiliary tower, and a third auxiliary tower connected to the cover plate mechanism, a tower base fixedly connected to the lower ends of the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower, a connecting and fixing rod connected between the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower, a pump tower base located below the tower base and movably inserted into the tower base, a first unloading pump mechanism connected to the tower base and the second auxiliary tower, a second unloading pump mechanism connected to the tower base and the third auxiliary tower, a spray cooling mechanism connected to the pump tower base and the second auxiliary tower, and a tank sweeping pump mechanism connected to the pump tower base and the third auxiliary tower.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, a spatial triangular prism truss structure is constructed by connecting and fixing the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower. The geometric stability of the triangular prism is used to support the various pump mechanisms and pipelines. The first unloading pump mechanism and the second unloading pump mechanism are respectively connected to the second auxiliary tower and the third auxiliary tower, distributing the main unloading load symmetrically along the axis. The spray cooling mechanism and the tank sweeping pump mechanism are respectively connected between the pump tower base and the auxiliary tower, realizing the compact modular integration of different functional pump groups and pipelines in the triangular prism space. This reduces the cross-sectional size of the loading and unloading tower and reduces the impact load of the liquid on the tower when the hull is swaying. At the same time, the movable plug-in cooperation between the tower base and the pump tower base allows the tower to generate a small amount of axial cold contraction displacement under the action of low temperature medium, reducing local stress concentration and torsional deformation, and improving the structural stability of the loading and unloading tower.

[0007] Preferably, both the first unloading pump mechanism and the second unloading pump mechanism include an unloading guide shroud fixedly connected to the tower base and extending downward from the tower base, an unloading pump inserted into and connected to the unloading guide shroud, and an unloading conduit connected to the unloading guide shroud and communicating with the unloading pump; the second auxiliary tower is provided with a first unloading guide cavity for communicating with the unloading conduit of the first unloading pump mechanism, and the third auxiliary tower is provided with a second unloading guide cavity for communicating with the unloading conduit of the second unloading pump mechanism.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the unloading pump is inserted into the unloading guide shroud, which extends downwards from the tower base and into the settling well at the bottom of the storage tank, guiding the liquefied gas in the tank smoothly into the suction port of the unloading pump. The liquefied gas extracted by the unloading pump is injected into the first unloading guide chamber of the second auxiliary tower and the second unloading guide chamber of the third auxiliary tower through the unloading conduit. The hollow tower body is used as the medium discharge channel, eliminating the need to install a large-diameter unloading main pipeline on the outside of the tower, further reducing the pipeline space on the outside of the tower, and allowing the low-temperature medium during the unloading process to directly cool the internal structure of the second and third auxiliary towers, reducing the temperature gradient on the outer wall of the tower.

[0009] Preferably, the scavenging pump mechanism includes a scavenging guide shroud connected to the pump tower base, a scavenging pump inserted into the scavenging guide shroud and fixedly connected to the scavenging guide shroud, a scavenging guide pipe connected to the scavenging guide shroud and communicating with the scavenging pump, and a scavenging guide pipe connector for connecting the outer wall of the third auxiliary tower and the scavenging guide pipe; the scavenging guide pipe is arranged along the length direction of the third auxiliary tower and connected to the cover plate mechanism, and a plurality of scavenging guide pipe connectors are arranged in an array along the length direction of the scavenging guide pipe.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the tank sweeping pump, together with the tank sweeping guide shroud, penetrates to the lowest point of the tank bottom to extract residual liquid at the bottom of the tank during the later stage of unloading; the tank sweeping guide pipe is independently connected to the outer wall of the third auxiliary tower and extends directly to the top cover plate mechanism. The tank sweeping guide pipe is fixed to the third auxiliary tower in sections by multiple tank sweeping guide pipe connectors arranged in an array along the length direction, forming a multi-point suspension support structure. This structure can evenly distribute the pipeline vibration caused by the flow of the tank sweeping medium to the third auxiliary tower, preventing the tank sweeping guide pipe from generating cantilever bending stress during the swaying of the ship.

[0011] Preferably, the spray cooling mechanism includes a spray guide hood connected to the pump tower base, a spray pump inserted into the spray guide hood and fixedly connected to the spray guide hood, a spray guide pipe connected to the spray guide hood and communicating with the spray pump, and a spray pipe assembly sleeved on the outside of the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower and communicating with the spray guide pipe; the spray guide pipe is arranged along the length direction of the second auxiliary tower and is respectively connected to the second auxiliary tower and the cover plate mechanism.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the spray pump extracts the medium or pre-cooling medium from the bottom of the tank and transports it through the spray guide pipe extending along the second auxiliary tower to the spray pipe assembly sleeved on the outside of the three towers. The spray pipe assembly spans the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower, constructing a pre-cooling and cooling network around the spatial triangular prism tower, so that the spray medium can evenly cover each stress node of the three towers, achieving overall uniform pre-cooling before loading the cryogenic medium, and avoiding tower bending damage caused by sudden cooling on one side.

[0013] Preferably, the spray pipe assembly includes an annular spray pipe sleeved on the outer walls of the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower and connected to the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower respectively; a first nozzle connected to the annular spray pipe and arranged in an array along the length direction of the annular spray pipe; a vertical spray pipe connected to the annular spray pipe and arranged in an array along the length direction of the annular spray pipe; and a second nozzle connected to the vertical spray pipe and arranged in an array along the length direction of the vertical spray pipe; the plurality of annular spray pipes are connected to the spray guide pipe and arranged in an array along the length direction of the first main tower.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple annular spray pipes are arrayed along the height of the tower, forming a three-dimensional grid-like spray frame in conjunction with vertical spray pipes. The first nozzle on the annular spray pipe is used to spray atomized medium into the internal space of the tower and the horizontal tie rod nodes, while the second nozzle on the vertical spray pipe is used to spray along the vertical outer wall of the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower, achieving three-dimensional multi-directional atomized cooling, establishing a balanced temperature field, and preventing the tower members from torsional deformation due to uneven thermal expansion and contraction.

[0015] Preferably, the pump tower base includes a base body and a limiting support frame fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base body; the tower base includes a base body and a base limiting frame connected to the lower side wall of the base body and pressed against the outer wall of the limiting support frame, and a plurality of the base limiting frames are arranged in an array along the periphery of the limiting support frame.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the pump tower base is fixed to the bottom plate of the storage tank, and the tower base is fixedly connected to the lower ends of the three towers. Multiple base limiting frames are arranged in an array along the periphery of the limiting support frame and form a tight top-pressing fit with the outer wall of the limiting support frame, thus constructing a circumferential constraint and axial sliding guidance mechanism between the tower base and the pump tower base. This mechanism can transmit the horizontal shear force and overturning moment borne by the entire tower, and also allow the tower base to make a small axial relative sliding along the outer wall of the limiting support frame during ultra-low temperature shrinkage, absorbing and releasing axial thermal stress.

[0017] Preferably, the base limiting frame includes a vertical connecting frame fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the base body, a horizontal connecting frame connected to the vertical connecting frame, a support plate connected to the horizontal connecting frame, and a top pressing block inserted into the support plate and pressed against the outer side wall of the limiting support frame; the support plate is provided with a limiting groove for the top pressing block to be inserted.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the vertical connecting frame and the horizontal connecting frame are combined to form a rigid frame, and the limiting groove on the support plate provides precise guidance for the top pressure block; the top pressure block is inserted into the limiting groove and directly presses against the outer side wall of the limiting support frame, forming a friction limiting interface of surface contact or line contact; when subjected to the lateral impact caused by the ship's rolling, the top pressure block stably transmits the horizontal load to the limiting support frame, and at the same time, the friction damping between the top pressure block and the limiting support frame absorbs the vibration energy, reducing the damage to the tower base structure caused by rigid collision.

[0019] Preferably, the pump tower base further includes a guide shroud fixing frame that extends out of the tower base and is connected to the limiting support frame, and a clamping limiting plate that is connected to the guide shroud fixing frame and is used to clamp the spray guide shroud and the sweeping guide shroud respectively; the guide shroud fixing frame is also provided with a guide shroud insertion slot for inserting the spray guide shroud and the sweeping guide shroud, and an avoidance slot for inserting the base limiting frame; the clamping limiting plate is located on both sides of the guide shroud insertion slot.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide shield fixing frame extends outward from the limiting support frame, so that the base limiting frame can pass through the clearance groove to complete the limiting support frame. The spray guide shield and the sweeping guide shield are respectively inserted into the corresponding guide shield insertion groove. With the help of the clamping limiting plates located on both sides of the insertion groove, the guide shields of each pump group at the bottom of the tank are rigidly clamped, realizing the independent positioning and rigid locking of the guide shields, preventing the guide shields from lateral displacement or vibration loosening under the action of high-speed fluid flushing and pump start-up reaction force.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes a gas phase pipeline mechanism, which includes an air inlet pipeline connected to the cover plate mechanism and an air extraction pipeline connected to the cover plate mechanism.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, both the inlet pipeline and the extraction pipeline are connected to the cover plate mechanism at the top of the tower and pass through the dome space. During unloading operations, the inlet pipeline replenishes the gas phase space inside the tank with gaseous medium or inert gas to prevent negative pressure from forming inside the tank and causing damage. During loading or pre-cooling operations, the extraction pipeline extracts the evaporated gas or replacement gas inside the tank and sends it to the reliquefaction system to maintain stable gas phase pressure inside the tank and ensure the safety of loading and unloading operations.

[0023] Preferably, the first main tower includes an emergency unloading pipe, an emergency unloading pump inserted into the emergency unloading pipe, a loading guide pipe connected to the emergency unloading pipe and located on one side of the emergency unloading pipe, a detection guide pipe connected to the emergency unloading pipe and located on the other side of the emergency unloading pipe, and a detection mechanism inserted into and connected to the detection guide pipe.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the first main tower is designed as a multifunctional composite pipe structure; the emergency unloading pipe in the middle is used to insert an emergency unloading pump for emergency liquid extraction when the main unloading pump fails; the loading guide pipe on one side serves as a loading guide channel when liquefied gas is injected; and the detection conduit on the other side is used to house the liquid level, temperature or pressure detection mechanism, thus realizing the integration of emergency, loading and detection functions of the main tower and improving the cross-sectional space utilization of the first main tower.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. A spatial triangular prism truss structure is constructed by connecting the first main tower, the second auxiliary tower, and the third auxiliary tower with fixed rods. The geometric stability of the triangular prism is used to support the various pump mechanisms and pipelines. The first and second unloading pump mechanisms are respectively connected to the second and third auxiliary towers, distributing the main unloading loads symmetrically along the axes. The spray cooling mechanism and the tank sweeping pump mechanism are respectively connected between the pump tower base and the auxiliary tower, realizing the compact modular integration of different functional pump groups and pipelines in the triangular prism space. This reduces the cross-sectional dimensions of the loading and unloading tower and reduces the impact load of the liquid on the tower when the hull is swaying. At the same time, the movable plug-in connection between the tower base and the pump tower base allows the tower to generate a small amount of axial cold contraction displacement under the action of low temperature medium, reducing local stress concentration and torsional deformation, and improving the structural stability of the loading and unloading tower. 2. The spray cooling mechanism adopts a grid-like spray assembly composed of multi-layer ring spray pipes and vertical spray pipes. The first and second nozzles implement all-round atomized spraying on the tower members and nodes, so that the tower establishes a balanced temperature field during the pre-cooling stage, avoiding tower torsion and bending deformation caused by unilateral sudden cooling. 3. The pump tower base and the tower base adopt a top-pressing structure of limiting support frame and base limiting frame, which, together with the guide fairing fixing frame, clamps and limits each guide fairing. This provides lateral support and pump set fixing rigidity, and allows the tower to generate a small axial floating when the tower is cold and shrinking at ultra-low temperature, releasing axial thermal stress and improving the fatigue life of the entire loading and unloading tower system under the vibration environment of ship navigation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 .

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pump tower base according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the pump tower base according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 .

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Cover plate mechanism; 2. First main tower; 21. Emergency unloading pipe; 22. Emergency unloading pump; 23. Loading guide pipe; 24. Detection guide pipe; 25. Detection mechanism; 3. Second auxiliary tower; 31. First unloading guide chamber; 4. Third auxiliary tower; 41. Second unloading guide chamber; 5. Tower base; 51. Base body; 52. Base limiting frame; 521. Vertical connecting frame; 522. Horizontal connecting frame; 523. Support plate; 5231. Limiting groove; 524. Top pressure block; 6. Connecting fixing rod; 7. Pump tower base; 71. Base body; 72. Limiting support frame; 73. Flow guide fixing frame; 731. Flow guide insertion groove; 732. Clearance groove; 74. Clamping limiting plate; 8. First unloading pump mechanism; 81. Unloading guide hood; 82. Unloading pump; 83. Unloading conduit; 9. Second unloading pump mechanism; 10. Spray cooling mechanism; 101. Spray guide hood; 102. Spray pump; 103. Spray guide pipe; 104. Spray pipe assembly; 1041. Annular spray pipe; 1042. First nozzle; 1043. Vertical spray pipe; 1044. Second nozzle; 11. Sweeping pump mechanism; 111. Sweeping guide hood; 112. Sweeping pump; 113. Sweeping guide pipe; 114. Sweeping conduit connector; 12. Gas phase pipeline mechanism; 121. Inlet pipeline; 122. Extraction pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0036] This application discloses a marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower includes a cover plate mechanism 1 at the top, a first main tower 2, a second auxiliary tower 3, and a third auxiliary tower 4 connected to the lower side of the cover plate mechanism 1, a tower base 5 fixedly connected to the lower ends of the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3, and the third auxiliary tower 4 respectively, a connecting and fixing rod 6 connected between the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3, and the third auxiliary tower 4, a pump tower base 7 located below the tower base 5 and movably inserted into the tower base 5, a first unloading pump mechanism 8 connected to the tower base 5 and the second auxiliary tower 3 respectively, a second unloading pump mechanism 9 connected to the tower base 5 and the third auxiliary tower 4 respectively, a spray cooling mechanism 10 connected to the pump tower base 7 and the second auxiliary tower 3 respectively, and a tank sweeping pump mechanism 11 connected to the pump tower base 7 and the third auxiliary tower 4 respectively.

[0037] The cover plate mechanism 1 of this application is fixedly inserted through the dome structure at the top of the ship's liquefied gas storage tank, and the pump tower base 7 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the storage tank. The first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3, and the third auxiliary tower 4 extend vertically in parallel and are fixed in pairs by multiple inclined or transversely arranged connecting rods 6, forming a spatial triangular prism truss tower with an equilateral triangular cross section. The first unloading pump mechanism 8 and the second unloading pump mechanism 9 are installed on the tower base 5 and are respectively connected to the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4. The tank cleaning pump mechanism 11 and the spray cooling mechanism 10 are connected to the pump tower base 7 and extend upward along the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4. To the cover plate mechanism 1; This application uses a triangular prism spatial structure to connect unloading, scavenging, and spray cooling pump sets and pipelines with different functions to the outside or inside of three towers according to their functions, realizing the compact modular integration of pipelines and pump sets in a limited space, reducing the cross-sectional size of the loading and unloading tower, and reducing the impact load of liquid on the tower when the ship sways; At the same time, the tower base 5 and the pump tower base 7 adopt a movable plug-in fit, which absorbs and releases the axial cold shrinkage stress generated by the tower when the ultra-low temperature medium is introduced, prevents the triangular prism truss from torsional deformation, and improves the structural stability and fatigue resistance of the tower under the long-term navigation vibration environment of the ship.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, both the first unloading pump mechanism 8 and the second unloading pump mechanism 9 of this application include an unloading guide shroud 81 fixedly connected to the tower base 5 and extending downwards from the bottom surface of the tower base 5, an unloading pump 82 inserted into and connected to the unloading guide shroud 81, and an unloading conduit 83 connected to the unloading guide shroud 81 and communicating with the discharge end of the unloading pump 82; a first unloading guide cavity 31 extending along the length direction of the second auxiliary tower 3 is opened inside the second auxiliary tower 3, and a second unloading guide cavity 41 extending along the length direction of the third auxiliary tower 4 is opened inside the third auxiliary tower 4; the unloading conduit 83 of the first unloading pump mechanism 8 is connected to the bottom end of the first unloading guide cavity 31, and the unloading conduit 83 of the second unloading pump mechanism 9 is connected to the bottom end of the second unloading guide cavity 41; During unloading operations, the unloading pump 82 of the first unloading pump mechanism 8 and the unloading pump 82 of the second unloading pump mechanism 9 are started simultaneously. The liquefied gas medium at the bottom of the storage tank is smoothly drawn into the unloading pump 82 through the unloading guide hood 81, and after being pressurized, it is injected into the first unloading guide cavity 31 and the second unloading guide cavity 41 respectively through the unloading conduit 83, and flows upward along the inside of the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4 to the tower top cover plate mechanism 1 for discharge. This application directly uses the hollow cavity of the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4 as the main unloading pipeline, which reduces the space required to install large-diameter unloading steel pipes on the outside of the tower and reduces the outer envelope size of the tower. At the same time, the two sets of unloading pump mechanisms are connected to the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4 on separate shafts, so that the main unloading load is symmetrically distributed, and the cryogenic medium flows through the inside of the tower to uniformly cool the tower internally, reducing the local temperature difference stress between the inner and outer walls of the tower.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the sweeping pump mechanism 11 of this application includes a sweeping guide shroud 111 fixedly connected to the pump tower base 7, a sweeping pump 112 inserted into and fixedly connected to the sweeping guide shroud 111, a sweeping guide pipe 113 connected to the sweeping guide shroud 111 and communicating with the discharge end of the sweeping pump 112, and a sweeping guide pipe connector 114 for connecting the outer wall of the third auxiliary tower 4 and the sweeping guide pipe 113; the sweeping guide pipe 113 extends vertically and parallel along the length direction of the third auxiliary tower 4 and is connected to the cover plate mechanism 1, and multiple sweeping guide pipe connectors 114 are evenly distributed in an array along the length direction of the sweeping guide pipe 113. During the later stage of unloading the storage tank to a low liquid level, the tank sweeping pump 112 is started. The tank sweeping guide shroud 111 guides the residual liquefied gas at the bottom into the tank sweeping pump 112, and then transports it upward to the outside of the tank via the tank sweeping guide pipe 113. The tank sweeping guide pipe 113 of this application is connected to the outside of the third auxiliary tower 4. The tank sweeping guide pipe 113 is segmentally constrained and fixed to the third auxiliary tower 4 by multiple tank sweeping guide pipe connectors 114 arranged in a vertical array, thus constructing a multi-point suspension support structure. This structure can evenly disperse the pipeline vibration caused by high-speed fluid flow and pulsation to the third auxiliary tower 4, preventing the tank sweeping guide pipe 113 from generating cantilever bending stress and fatigue wear during ship navigation and swaying.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and 5As shown, the spray cooling mechanism 10 of this application includes a spray guide hood 101 fixedly connected to the pump tower base 7, a spray pump 102 inserted into the spray guide hood 101 and fixedly connected to the spray guide hood 101, a spray guide pipe 103 connected to the spray guide hood 101 and communicating with the discharge end of the spray pump 102, and a spray pipe assembly 104 sleeved on the outside of the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4 and communicating with the spray guide pipe 103; the spray guide pipe 103 extends vertically along the length direction of the second auxiliary tower 3 and is fixedly connected to the second auxiliary tower 3 and the cover plate mechanism 1 respectively; Before loading cryogenic liquefied gas into the storage tank, the spray pump 102 is started to draw the precooling medium from the spray guide hood 101 and press it into the spray pipe assembly 104 through the spray guide pipe 103. In this application, the spray guide pipe 103 is connected to the second auxiliary tower 3 and forms a spatially split-axis balanced layout with the sweeping guide pipe 113 on the third auxiliary tower 4, which reduces the unilateral gravity and thermal stress overturning caused by the pipeline being concentrated on the same side of the tower. The spray pipe assembly 104 evenly distributes the precooling medium to the area around the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4, realizing uniform precooling of the entire tower structure.

[0041] More specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the spray pipe assembly 104 of this application includes an annular spray pipe 1041 sleeved on the outer walls of the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3, and the third auxiliary tower 4 and fixedly connected to the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3, and the third auxiliary tower 4 respectively; a first nozzle 1042 connected to the annular spray pipe 1041 and arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular spray pipe 1041; a vertical spray pipe 1043 connected to the annular spray pipe 1041 and arranged in an array along the length of the annular spray pipe 1041; and a second nozzle 1044 connected to the vertical spray pipe 1043 and arranged in an array along the length of the vertical spray pipe 1043; the plurality of annular spray pipes 1041 are connected to the spray guide pipe 103 and distributed in an array along the length of the first main tower 2. After the precooling medium is injected into the annular spray pipes 1041 and vertical spray pipes 1043 at each height level through the spray guide pipe 103, the atomized medium is sprayed by the first nozzle 1042 onto the truss nodes and connecting fixing rods 6 inside the triangular prism tower. At the same time, the second nozzle 1044 performs close-fitting atomized spraying along the outer wall surface of the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3, and the third auxiliary tower 4. This application achieves all-round atomized cooling of the loading and unloading tower by constructing a grid-like spray structure with intersecting annular and vertical pipes, combined with the fixed-point atomized coverage of the first nozzle 1042 and the second nozzle 1044, establishing a balanced temperature field and preventing the tower members from bending and deforming due to huge temperature difference stress caused by local sudden cooling.

[0042] In addition, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the pump tower base 7 of this application includes a base body 71 fixed to the bottom of the storage tank, and a limiting support frame 72 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base body 71; the tower base 5 includes a base body 51, and a base limiting frame 52 fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the base body 51 and pressed against the outer side wall of the limiting support frame 72, and multiple base limiting frames 52 are arranged in an array around the periphery of the limiting support frame 72; the lower ends of the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3 and the third auxiliary tower 4 are uniformly welded and fixed to the upper side of the base body 51; During assembly, the base body 51 drives multiple base limiting frames 52 to be sleeved downwards on the outside of the limiting support frame 72, so that the base limiting frames 52 and the outer side wall of the limiting support frame 72 form a sliding fit that is close to each other and presses against each other. This application adopts a guide plug-in structure between the pump tower base 7 and the tower base 5. In the circumferential direction, the lateral shear load and overturning moment are transmitted through the close fit between multiple base limiting frames 52 and the limiting support frame 72, ensuring the lateral positioning stiffness of the tower bottom. At the same time, in the axial direction, the base limiting frames 52 are allowed to slide slightly relative to the limiting support frame 72. When the ultra-low temperature medium is introduced, it can freely absorb and release the axial tensile stress generated by the vertical cold contraction of the tower, protecting the sealing structure at the tower top cover plate mechanism 1.

[0043] And, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the base limiting frame 52 of this application includes a vertical connecting frame 521 fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the base body 51, a horizontal connecting frame 522 connected to the lower end of the vertical connecting frame 521, a support plate 523 connected to the horizontal connecting frame 522, and a pressing block 524 inserted into the support plate 523 and pressed against the outer side wall of the limiting support frame 72. The support plate 523 has a limiting groove 5231 for inserting the pressing block 524 into the limiting position. The pressing block 524 is preferably a low-temperature wear-resistant alloy or composite material block with self-lubricating properties. After assembly, the pressing block 524 is inserted into the limiting groove 5231. Under the rigid support of the vertical connecting frame 521 and the horizontal connecting frame 522, the pressing block 524 is pre-tightly pressed against the outer side wall of the limiting support frame 72. This application utilizes the embedding and limiting of the top pressure block 524 within the limiting groove 5231 to construct a stable guiding top pressure interface. When the ship's swaying causes the tower to have a lateral swing tendency, the horizontal load is transmitted to the top pressure block 524 through the vertical connecting frame 521, the lateral connecting frame 522, and the support plate 523. The top pressure block 524 presses against the limiting support frame 72 to offset the load. At the same time, the sliding contact between the top pressure block 524 and the limiting support frame 72 can absorb vibration energy and reduce stress concentration caused by rigid structure collision.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the pump tower base 7 of this application also includes a guide shroud fixing frame 73 fixedly connected to the limiting support frame 72 and extending outward to the outside of the tower base 5, and a clamping limiting plate 74 connected to the guide shroud fixing frame 73 and used to clamp the spray guide shroud 101 and the sweeping guide shroud 111 respectively; the guide shroud fixing frame 73 is provided with a guide shroud insertion groove 731 for vertical insertion of the spray guide shroud 101 and the sweeping guide shroud 111, and a clearance groove 732 for vertical insertion and sliding of the base limiting frame 52 on the tower base 5; the clamping limiting plate 74 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide shroud insertion groove 731; During installation, the base limiting frame 52 passes through the clearance groove 732 and is tightly attached to the limiting support frame 72. The spray guide hood 101 and the sweeping guide hood 111 are respectively inserted into their respective guide hood insertion grooves 731. Then, the limiting plate 74 is tightened with bolts to clamp and lock the spray guide hood 101 and the sweeping guide hood 111 onto the guide hood fixing frame 73. This application integrates the base limiting and guide hood fixing functions through the guide hood fixing frame 73. The clearance groove 732 ensures that the axial sliding of the tower base 5 is not interfered with, while the guide hood insertion groove 731 and the clamping limiting plate 74 provide rigid clamping constraints on the spray guide hood 101 and the sweeping guide hood 111 at the bottom of the tank, preventing the guide hood from shifting or vibrating and loosening due to the pump body starting reaction force and fluid impact.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower of this application also includes a gas phase pipeline mechanism 12. The gas phase pipeline mechanism 12 includes an inlet pipeline 121 fixedly connected to the cover plate mechanism 1, and an extraction pipeline 122 fixedly connected to the cover plate mechanism 1. The inlet pipeline 121 and the extraction pipeline 122 are both arranged vertically in parallel and pass through the cover plate mechanism 1 to reach the gas phase space at the top of the storage tank. During unloading operations or liquid discharge, the inlet pipeline 121 replenishes nitrogen or vaporized gas into the gas phase space of the storage tank to maintain the gas pressure balance inside the tank and prevent the storage tank from collapsing due to negative pressure caused by evacuation. During loading operations, precooling, or purging, the extraction pipeline 122 extracts the rising vaporized gas or replacement gas inside the tank and discharges it to the ship's reliquefaction system. This application concentrates the inlet pipeline 121 and the extraction pipeline 122 on the top cover plate mechanism 1 of the tower, realizing dynamic balance control of the gas phase pressure of the storage tank and efficient extraction of vaporized gas.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first main tower 2 of this application includes an emergency unloading pipe 21, an emergency unloading pump 22 inserted into the emergency unloading pipe 21 and capable of moving up and down along the emergency unloading pipe 21, a loading guide pipe 23 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the emergency unloading pipe 21 and located on one side of the emergency unloading pipe 21, a detection guide pipe 24 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the emergency unloading pipe 21 and located on the other side of the emergency unloading pipe 21, and a detection mechanism 25 inserted into and connected to the detection guide pipe 24. The emergency unloading pipe 21 serves as the main support structure of the first main tower 2. When the first unloading pump mechanism 8 or the second unloading pump mechanism 9 fails, the emergency unloading pump 22 can be lowered from the top of the tower to the bottom of the emergency unloading pipe 21 for emergency liquid pumping and unloading. The loading guide pipe 23 serves as a guide channel for loading liquefied gas. The detection conduit 24 is equipped with a detection mechanism 25 consisting of a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor. This application integrates the emergency unloading, liquefied gas loading guidance, and tank parameter detection pipelines into one system to form the first main tower 2, which improves the cross-sectional utilization and structural rigidity of the first main tower 2 and reduces the number of independent suspended pipelines inside the tower.

[0047] The implementation principle of a marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: During ship navigation and loading / unloading operations, the first main tower 2, the second auxiliary tower 3, and the third auxiliary tower 4 maintain the overall rigidity of the spatial triangular prism truss through connecting and fixing rods 6. Before loading, the spray cooling mechanism 10 is activated, and the spray pump 102 supplies liquid to the annular spray pipes 1041 and vertical spray pipes 1043 arranged in a height-level array through the spray guide pipes 103. The first nozzle 1042 and the second nozzle 1044 perform three-dimensional atomized spray pre-cooling on the tower members and nodes to establish a balanced temperature field and prevent damage from unilateral rapid cooling. During unloading, the unloading pumps 82 of the first unloading pump mechanism 8 and the second unloading pump mechanism 9 work simultaneously. The liquefied gas is injected into the first unloading guide chamber 31 of the second auxiliary tower 3 and the second unloading guide chamber 41 of the third auxiliary tower 4 through the unloading conduit 83. The liquid is discharged upward by the hollow tower body. In the later stage of unloading, the sweeping pump 112 of the sweeping pump mechanism 11 cleans the residual liquid at the bottom of the tank through the sweeping guide pipe 113. During this process, the gas phase pipeline mechanism 12 dynamically adjusts the gas phase pressure in the tank through the gas inlet pipeline 121 and the gas extraction pipeline 122. When the introduction of cryogenic medium causes vertical contraction of the tower, the base limiting frame 52 on the tower base 5 slides slightly axially along the limiting support frame 72 on the pump tower base 7 to release axial thermal stress. At the same time, the top pressure block 524 is tightly attached to the limiting support frame 72 under the constraint of the limiting groove 5231 of the support plate 523. The guide fairing fixing frame 73 clamps the spray guide fairing 101 and the sweeping guide fairing 111 through the clamping limiting plate 74, transmitting lateral sway load and absorbing vibration, ensuring the stability and safety of the loading and unloading tower in long-term navigation environment.

[0048] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower, characterized in that, The system includes a cover plate mechanism (1), a first main tower (2), a second auxiliary tower (3), and a third auxiliary tower (4) connected to the cover plate mechanism (1), a tower base (5) fixedly connected to the lower ends of the first main tower (2), the second auxiliary tower (3), and the third auxiliary tower (4), a connecting and fixing rod (6) connected between the first main tower (2), the second auxiliary tower (3), and the third auxiliary tower (4), a pump tower base (7) located below the tower base (5) and movably inserted into the tower base (5), a first unloading pump mechanism (8) connected to the tower base (5) and the second auxiliary tower (3), a second unloading pump mechanism (9) connected to the tower base (5) and the third auxiliary tower (4), a spray cooling mechanism (10) connected to the pump tower base (7) and the second auxiliary tower (3), and a scavenging pump mechanism (11) connected to the pump tower base (7) and the third auxiliary tower (4). The spray cooling mechanism (10) includes a spray guide hood (101) connected to the pump tower base (7), a spray pump (102) inserted into the spray guide hood (101) and fixedly connected to the spray guide hood (101), a spray guide pipe (103) connected to the spray guide hood (101) and communicating with the spray pump (102), and a spray pipe assembly (104) sleeved on the outside of the first main tower (2), the second auxiliary tower (3) and the third auxiliary tower (4) and communicating with the spray guide pipe (103); the spray guide pipe (103) is arranged along the length direction of the second auxiliary tower (3) and is respectively connected to the second auxiliary tower (3) and the cover plate mechanism (1); The spray pipe assembly (104) includes an annular spray pipe (1041) sleeved on the outer walls of the first main tower (2), the second auxiliary tower (3) and the third auxiliary tower (4) and connected to the first main tower (2), the second auxiliary tower (3) and the third auxiliary tower (4) respectively; a first nozzle (1042) connected to the annular spray pipe (1041) and arranged in an array along the length direction of the annular spray pipe (1041); a vertical spray pipe (1043) connected to the annular spray pipe (1041) and arranged in an array along the length direction of the annular spray pipe (1041); and a second nozzle (1044) connected to the vertical spray pipe (1043) and arranged in an array along the length direction of the vertical spray pipe (1043). Multiple annular spray pipes (1041) are connected to the spray guide pipe (103) and arranged in an array along the length of the first main tower (2); The pump tower base (7) includes a base body (71) and a limiting support frame (72) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base body (71); the tower base (5) includes a base body (51) and a base limiting frame (52) connected to the lower side wall of the base body (51) and pressed against the outer wall of the limiting support frame (72); a plurality of base limiting frames (52) are arranged in an array along the periphery of the limiting support frame (72); The base limiting frame (52) includes a vertical connecting frame (521) fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the base body (51), a horizontal connecting frame (522) connected to the vertical connecting frame (521), a support plate (523) connected to the horizontal connecting frame (522), and a top pressing block (524) inserted into the support plate (523) and pressed against the outer side wall of the limiting support frame (72); the support plate (523) is provided with a limiting groove (5231) for the top pressing block (524) to be inserted.

2. The marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first unloading pump mechanism (8) and the second unloading pump mechanism (9) each include an unloading guide shroud (81) fixedly connected to the tower base (5) and extending downward from the tower base (5), an unloading pump (82) inserted into and connected to the unloading guide shroud (81), and an unloading conduit (83) connected to the unloading guide shroud (81) and communicating with the unloading pump (82). The second auxiliary tower (3) is provided with a first unloading guide cavity (31) for communicating with the unloading conduit (83) of the first unloading pump mechanism (8), and the third auxiliary tower (4) is provided with a second unloading guide cavity (41) for communicating with the unloading conduit (83) of the second unloading pump mechanism (9).

3. A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sweeping pump mechanism (11) includes a sweeping guide hood (111) connected to the pump tower base (7), a sweeping pump (112) inserted into the sweeping guide hood (111) and fixedly connected to the sweeping guide hood (111), a sweeping guide pipe (113) connected to the sweeping guide hood (111) and communicating with the sweeping pump (112), and a sweeping guide pipe connector (114) for connecting the outer wall of the third auxiliary tower (4) and the sweeping guide pipe (113); the sweeping guide pipe (113) is arranged along the length direction of the third auxiliary tower (4) and connected to the cover plate mechanism (1), and a plurality of sweeping guide pipe connectors (114) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the sweeping guide pipe (113).

4. A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pump tower base (7) also includes a flow guide fixing frame (73) that is connected to the limiting support frame (72) and extends to the outside of the tower base (5), and a clamping limiting plate (74) that is connected to the flow guide fixing frame (73) and is used to clamp the spray flow guide (101) and the sweeping flow guide (111) respectively. The fairing fixing frame (73) is also provided with a fairing insertion slot (731) for inserting the spray fairing (101) and the sweeping fairing (111), and a clearance slot (732) for inserting the base limiting frame (52); the clamping limiting plate (74) is located on both sides of the fairing insertion slot (731).

5. A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gas phase pipeline mechanism (12), which includes an air inlet pipeline (121) connected to the cover plate mechanism (1) and an air extraction pipeline (122).

6. A marine liquefied gas loading and unloading tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first main tower (2) includes an emergency unloading pipe (21), an emergency unloading pump (22) inserted into the emergency unloading pipe (21), a loading guide pipe (23) connected to the emergency unloading pipe (21) and located on one side of the emergency unloading pipe (21), a detection guide pipe (24) connected to the emergency unloading pipe (21) and located on the other side of the emergency unloading pipe (21), and a detection mechanism (25) inserted into the detection guide pipe (24) and connected to the detection guide pipe (24).

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