A method for integrally hoisting a ship superstructure block and a ship

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for the overall hoisting of a ship's superstructure section. The method utilizes hoisting components and supporting structures, and includes the following steps: Step 1, preliminary design before hoisting; determining the overall hoisting scheme for the superstructure section, designing the expected installation positions, dimensions, and quantities of the hoisting components on the superstructure section, and designing the expected installation positions, dimensions, and quantities of the supporting structures; conducting hoisting simulations based on the design results; Step 2, strength verification; Step 3, fabricating and installing the hoisting components; Step 4, connecting them to hoisting equipment; Step 5: performing the overall hoisting of the superstructure section; the invention also relates to a ship. Through the design of specific hoisting components and supporting structures, along with a series of process methods, it achieves improvements in production efficiency, shortened shipbuilding cycles, reduced construction costs, reusability, high versatility, avoidance of interference, rational arrangement of hoisting points, and maintenance of the integrity of the superstructure structure and outfitting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular to a method for hoisting an entire superstructure section of a ship and the ship thereof. Background Technology

[0002] The overall hoisting of ship superstructures is a crucial and important process in modern shipbuilding. With the trend of larger ships and the continuous improvement of pre-outfitting, the overall size and weight of the superstructure sections are getting larger and larger, while the relative stiffness is decreasing. At the same time, the thickness of the superstructure plates is also developing towards thinner plates. These factors together have led to a significant increase in the difficulty of hoisting the overall superstructure sections, making the hoisting more and more difficult and the deformation during the hoisting process increasingly difficult to control.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese invention patent CN116118971B discloses a method for hoisting the superstructure section of an ultra-large container ship. This method arranges lifting rings on the bridge deck section, i.e., the upper structure of the superstructure section. Local structural reinforcement is applied to the area where the lifting rings are installed, such as thickening steel plates, adding anti-reverse elbow plates, installing double-binding channel steel, and temporary reinforcing sleeve plates. Three sets of hooks from a gantry crane are used in conjunction with folded steel wire ropes of different lengths for hoisting. This method, to a certain extent, achieves overall hoisting of the superstructure while maintaining its integrity, reducing the amount of high-altitude work and shortening the docking cycle.

[0004] However, this lifting method still has some problems: First, the lifting point is located on the upper part of the superstructure section, which can easily cause uneven stress on the lifting rings, affecting the stability of the lifting, increasing the possibility of deformation, and even posing safety hazards. Second, the lifting rings are arranged in the upper structure of the superstructure section of the ship, in the relatively weak bridge deck area. To withstand the lifting load, local reinforcement is required in the area where the lifting rings are installed, including thickening plates, adding anti-top elbow plates, reinforcing ribs, and other temporary reinforcement structures, which significantly increases the process complexity and material costs of the section construction phase. Moreover, after the lifting is completed, a large number of temporary reinforcement structures need to be removed, ground, and repainted, increasing the construction procedures and dock occupancy time. In addition, since the lifting point is located on the bridge deck, the wire rope needs to pass over the compass deck and bridge corridor from above during the lifting process; to avoid interference, the length and angle of the wire rope must be strictly controlled, and the lifting rack of the gantry crane trolley must be dismantled and modified, increasing the amount of preparation work and operational risks before the lifting. Furthermore, this solution is mainly designed for superstructure sections with specific heights and structural forms, such as complete corridors on both sides of the bridge. For ultra-large container ships of different heights, layouts, or other ship types, the arrangement of lifting rings, reinforcement methods, and wire rope configurations need to be redesigned, lacking versatility and limiting applicable scenarios.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reasonable method and auxiliary structure for superstructure hoisting that can simultaneously improve production efficiency, shorten the shipbuilding cycle, reduce construction costs, be reusable, highly versatile, avoid interference, have a reasonable arrangement of hoisting points, and maintain the integrity of the superstructure structure and outfitting, thus ensuring the safe and efficient hoisting of the superstructure sections. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for hoisting the entire superstructure section of a ship and a ship in general. Through the design of specific hoisting components, support structures, and a series of process methods, this invention solves the problems of high difficulty in hoisting the entire superstructure section and difficulty in controlling hoisting deformation in the prior art. It also solves the problems of high deformation possibility due to the arrangement of hoisting points, complex steps, many procedures, high cost, and poor versatility in the prior art. This invention achieves significant improvements in the hoisting of the entire superstructure section of a ship in terms of improving production efficiency, shortening the ship construction cycle, reducing construction costs, reusability, strong versatility, avoiding interference, reasonable arrangement of hoisting points, and maintaining the integrity of the superstructure structure and outfitting.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention first provides a method for the integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section. This method utilizes hoisting components and supporting structures, and includes the following implementation steps: Step 1: Conduct preliminary design before hoisting; determine the overall hoisting scheme for the superstructure section, design the expected installation location, size, and quantity of hoisting components on the superstructure section, and design the expected installation location, size, and quantity of supporting structures; conduct hoisting simulation based on the design results; Step 2: Perform strength verification; conduct finite element analysis on the overall hoisting of the hoisting components and the superstructure to determine whether the overall structural strength meets the requirements. If the requirements are not met, adjust the hoisting components or support structure and repeat the above steps until the overall structural strength meets the requirements, and determine the specific installation location, size and quantity of the hoisting components and support structure; Step 3: Fabricate and install the hoisting components; Step 4: Connect to the hoisting equipment; first, install the support structure on the wire rope, then connect one end of the wire rope to the hoisting assembly, and then connect the wire rope to the hoisting equipment. Step 5: Perform overall hoisting of the superstructure section.

[0008] In the present invention, a method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section is provided. The hoisting assembly includes an I-beam and a lifting ring. When manufacturing the I-beam, two face plates and one web plate are first manufactured according to the determined dimensions. Then, the two face plates and one web plate are welded together to form an integral I-beam structure. The lifting ring is welded and installed on the upper face plate of the I-beam. The supporting structure is a strut; the strut is rectangular or cylindrical, or made of channel steel or angle steel.

[0009] In the method for integral hoisting of a ship superstructure section according to the present invention, the I-beam is installed at the lower strong structural position on the outer side of the superstructure section. In step one, the hoisting simulation is performed using the dynamic interference simulation function in the design software; During the hoisting simulation, the hoisting is simulated based on the expected installation position, size, and quantity of the I-beams and struts; and the appropriateness of the expected installation position, size, and quantity of the I-beams and struts is initially verified based on the simulation results. If it is inappropriate, adjustments are made based on the simulation results. In step two, if the requirements are not met, when adjusting the hoisting components or support structure, adjust one or more of the expected installation positions, dimensions and quantities of the I-beams and the expected installation positions, dimensions and quantities of the struts until the overall structural strength meets the requirements. Then repeat the hoisting simulation and finite element analysis until the wire rope does not contact the upper structure section and the overall structural strength meets the requirements.

[0010] In the present invention, a method for hoisting a ship superstructure section as a whole, when installing the hoisting components, a scaffolding platform is first erected, and then the I-beam with welded lifting rings is hoisted to the specific installation position determined in step two. The panel of the I-beam with welded lifting rings is facing upwards, and then one side of the I-beam is installed on the outer side of the superstructure section by welding.

[0011] In the present invention, a method for hoisting a ship superstructure section as a whole, the number of hoisting components is an even number, and they are distributed in pairs at the lower strong structure position on the outer side of the superstructure section. Each hoisting assembly is associated with a support rod; each hoisting assembly and its corresponding support rod are connected to a hook of the hoisting equipment via an independent wire rope, with each end of the wire rope connected to two corresponding hoisting assemblies. The lifting ring is connected to the end of the corresponding wire rope via a shackle, and both ends of the support rod are connected to the middle part of the corresponding wire rope via shackles.

[0012] In the method for hoisting a ship superstructure section as a whole according to the present invention, the installation position of the I-beam is such that the upper panel and the lower panel correspond to the second and first layers of the superstructure section, respectively.

[0013] In the present invention, a method for hoisting a ship superstructure section as a whole, after the superstructure section is hoisted, the I-beams are removed, the welded joints on the superstructure section are ground and repainted, and fire-based back-burning correction is performed according to the actual situation. Cut off 30-50mm of the welded area of ​​the dismantled I-beam and reuse it. When reusing it, the size of the hoisting assembly is fixed during steps one and two. When making adjustments, only the installation position and quantity of the hoisting assembly are adjusted.

[0014] In the present invention, a method for hoisting a ship superstructure section as a whole, the installation position of the lifting ring on the upper panel of the I-beam is close to the side of the I-beam away from the superstructure section. I-beams are arranged at the front, middle and rear of the outer side of the lower end of the superstructure section; When finite element analysis revealed that the deformation of the I-beams exceeded the preset value, a reinforcing structure was installed at the corresponding position on the inner side of the superstructure section corresponding to the installation position of the I-beam.

[0015] In the present invention, a method for hoisting a ship superstructure section as a whole, the dimensions of the I-beams are such that both the length and width are greater than 2 meters; the length of the struts is greater than 10 meters; the number of I-beams is 6, and the number of struts is 3; the distance between the installation position of the lifting ring on the upper panel of the I-beam and the side of the I-beam away from the superstructure section is 300 mm.

[0016] The present invention also provides a ship in which the superstructure section is hoisted using the above-described method for integral hoisting of the superstructure section.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention, a method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section and the ship thereof, after practical application, has the following technical effects compared with the prior art: 1. The overall hoisting process adopted in this invention can significantly improve production efficiency, shorten the ship construction cycle, reduce manufacturing costs, and effectively maintain the integrity of the superstructure in terms of structure and outfitting.

[0018] 2. This invention solves the problems of high difficulty in hoisting the entire superstructure section and difficulty in controlling hoisting deformation in the prior art by combining specific hoisting components and support structures with a series of process methods. It also solves the problems of high deformation possibility due to the hoisting point layout, complex steps, many procedures, high cost, and poor versatility in the prior art. At the same time, it achieves significant improvements in the overall hoisting of the ship's superstructure section in terms of improving production efficiency, shortening the ship construction cycle, reducing construction costs, reusability, strong versatility, avoiding interference, reasonable hoisting point layout, and maintaining the integrity of the superstructure structure and outfitting.

[0019] 3. In this invention, specially made I-beams are installed at the lower outer end of the superstructure section. Compared with the upper part of the superstructure section, the strength of the I-beams installed at the lower outer end of the superstructure section is more sufficient. The deformation of the superstructure section during hoisting is more controllable, reducing the maintenance work after hoisting and shortening the overall construction period.

[0020] 4. The present invention connects the upper and lower panels of the I-beam to different layers of the superstructure section, making the overall structure of the superstructure section more stable during hoisting. This is because a shelf is provided between the first and second layers, which can, to a certain extent, serve as a reinforcing structure corresponding to the hoisting point. By using the shelf structure of the superstructure section itself to replace the reinforcing structure, the possibility of deformation of the superstructure section during hoisting is reduced under the premise of simple structural layout, saving resources, reducing costs and improving efficiency.

[0021] 5. The lifting assembly and support rods composed of the specially made I-beams and lifting rings of this invention can be reused, saving materials, reducing costs, and achieving economic benefits.

[0022] 6. The present invention combines the setting of the support rods with the installation position of the hoisting components and the setting of the lifting rings when hoisting the entire superstructure section, which avoids the problem of interference between the steel wire rope and the superstructure section when hoisting, and further ensures the stability of the overall structure of the superstructure section. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a side view schematic diagram of the overall hoisting of the superstructure section of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the overall hoisting of the superstructure section of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the I-beam of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Superstructure section, 2. I-beam, 3. Lifting ring, 4. Support rod, 5. Wire rope, 6. Panel, 7. Web. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following detailed description of the method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section and the ship itself, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, aims to provide a clearer understanding of its structural composition and working principle. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding and reading. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0029] Example 1, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment is a method for the integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section. This method utilizes hoisting components and supporting structures, and includes the following implementation steps: Step 1: Conduct preliminary design before hoisting; determine the overall hoisting scheme for the superstructure section 1, design the expected installation location, size, and quantity of hoisting components on the superstructure section 1, and design the expected installation location, size, and quantity of the supporting structure; conduct hoisting simulation based on the design results; Step 2: Perform strength verification; conduct finite element analysis on the overall hoisting of the hoisting components and the superstructure to determine whether the overall structural strength meets the requirements. If the requirements are not met, adjust the hoisting components or support structure and repeat the above steps until the overall structural strength meets the requirements. Determine the specific installation location, size, and quantity of the hoisting components and support structure. Here, "meeting the overall structural strength requirements" means meeting the deformation safety assessment criteria and the strength safety assessment criteria. The deformation safety assessment criteria require that the deformation amount is 1 / 1000 of the maximum structural dimension. The strength safety assessment criteria require that the structural stress is not greater than the allowable stress, and the yield stress of Q235A steel is 235 MPa.

[0030] During the preliminary design phase before hoisting, a 3D model of the superstructure section is first exported from the design software. This model is then simplified to reduce its weight. The physical and mechanical properties of the steel used in the structure, such as density, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, and yield strength, are precisely input into the model. Based on the center of gravity, weight, structural characteristics, and on-site lifting capacity of the superstructure section, a preliminary hoisting plan is developed, specifying the location, quantity, and dimensions of hoisting points, the configuration of hoisting equipment, and other relevant information. All key process information at this stage is parameterized, such as hoisting point coordinates, hoisting rope stiffness, and hoisting angle, to facilitate rapid comparison of multiple plans later.

[0031] Lifting simulation focuses on the movement trajectory of the superstructure sections in three-dimensional space. First, a virtual lifting scenario is built. Then, in professional lifting simulation software, the segment models, site, cranes, and all other relevant resources are imported and configured. Next, the movement path is defined, and the lifting action sequence, such as lifting, translation, rotation, and lowering, is set in the software. The movement process of each segment is then simulated by computer. Dynamic simulation and checks are performed to verify the geometric feasibility of the lifting plan. During dynamic lifting simulation, collisions between segments and surrounding objects are automatically detected, verifying whether the crane can complete all predetermined lifting actions within the existing shipyard layout. A 3D animation of the lifting process is generated to assist process engineers, designers, and on-site personnel in technical briefings and safety training.

[0032] After the hoisting simulation is completed, finite element analysis is performed to accurately calculate the structural strength and deformation of key working conditions. First, the finite element model of the superstructure section under hoisting conditions is imported into the finite element analysis software, and reasonable constraints and loads are set. At this stage, the main applied load is the self-weight of the superstructure section; environmental loads such as wind and waves can be considered as needed. Then, according to the hoisting process, multiple calculation conditions are set. During static analysis, the stress distribution and deformation of the sections under static or quasi-static conditions such as horizontal hoisting, turning, and hovering are calculated. For the hoisting or turning process of the superstructure, which is greatly affected by wind and waves, transient response analysis is required to evaluate its dynamic characteristics and perform dynamic analysis. After the analysis is completed, the results, such as cloud maps and vector maps, are viewed through the post-processor for key evaluation. The stress level, deformation, and stress at the hoisting points are evaluated to determine whether the strength requirements are met.

[0033] Based on the lifting simulation and finite element analysis, the lifting scheme is optimized and adjusted. The optimized scheme is then updated in the finite element model, including adding new lifting points, and recalculated and analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the optimization measures. If the results are not satisfactory, further optimization and recalculation are performed. This is an iterative process, involving multiple rounds of calculations until the optimal scheme that meets the requirements for strength, deformation, and economy is found.

[0034] Step 3: Fabricate and install the hoisting components; install the fabricated hoisting components at the specific installation location on the superstructure section 1 determined in Step 2; Step 4: Connect to the hoisting equipment; First, lay out the wire rope 5, then install the support structure on the wire rope 5, then connect one end of the wire rope 5 to the hoisting assembly, and then connect the wire rope 5 to the hoisting equipment. Step 5: Perform the overall hoisting of the superstructure section 1.

[0035] The lifting assembly includes an I-beam 2 and lifting rings 3. When manufacturing the I-beam, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, firstly, two panels 6 and one web 7 of the I-beam 2 are fabricated according to the dimensions determined in step two. Then, the two panels 6 and one web 7 are welded together to form an I-beam structure. The lifting ring 3 is welded and installed on the upper panel 6 of the I-beam 2. Generally, the dimensions of the I-beam 2 are set such that the length of its panel 6 and the length of its web 7 are both greater than 2 meters, and the length of the strut 4 is greater than 10 meters. In general, the number of I-beams 2 is 6, and the number of struts 4 is 3. In actual use, the number and dimensions are adapted to the size and weight of the upper building section 1 being hoisted, etc., making the setup flexible and making the above series of auxiliary hoisting related structures more adaptable.

[0036] The supporting structure is a strut 4; the strut 4 is rectangular, cylindrical, channel steel, or angle steel, etc. The strut 4 avoids interference with the upper building section 1 when hoisting with wire rope 5, and further ensures the overall stability of the upper building section 1. The strut 4 is slender, and its specific shape, structure and size are set as long as they meet the supporting function during hoisting, and are combined with the installation height of the strut 4 on the wire rope 5 and the setting position of the lifting ring 3 to avoid interference with the upper building section 1.

[0037] The I-beam 2 is installed at the lower strong structural position on the outer side of the superstructure section 1. Installing the specially made I-beam 2 at the lower outer position of the superstructure section 1 provides more strength than installing it at the upper part of the superstructure section 1. This makes the deformation of the superstructure section more controllable during hoisting, reduces the amount of finishing work after hoisting, and shortens the overall construction period.

[0038] In step one, the hoisting simulation is performed using the dynamic interference simulation function in the design software; During the hoisting simulation, the hoisting simulation is carried out based on the expected installation position, size and quantity of I-beam 2 and strut 4; and the appropriateness of the expected installation position, size and quantity of I-beam 2 and strut 4 is initially verified based on the simulation results. If it is inappropriate, it is adjusted according to the simulation results. In step two, if the requirements are not met, when adjusting the hoisting components or support structure, adjust one or more of the expected installation positions, dimensions and quantities of the I-beams 2 and the expected installation positions, dimensions and quantities of the struts 4 until the overall structural strength meets the requirements. Then repeat the hoisting simulation and finite element analysis until the wire rope 5 does not contact the upper building section 1 and the overall structural strength meets the requirements.

[0039] When installing the hoisting components, first erect a scaffolding platform, then hoist the I-beam 2 with the welded lifting rings 3 to the specific installation position determined in step two, with the panel 6 of the I-beam 2 with the welded lifting rings 3 facing upwards, and then install one side of the I-beam 2 on the outer side of the superstructure section 1 by welding.

[0040] The number of hoisting components is even, and they are distributed in pairs at the lower strong structure position on the outer side of the superstructure section 1. Each hoisting assembly is associated with a support rod 4; each hoisting assembly and its corresponding support rod 4 are connected to a hook of the hoisting equipment via an independent wire rope 5, with each end of the wire rope 5 connected to two corresponding hoisting assemblies; generally, different wire ropes 5 correspond to different hooks of the hoisting equipment. The lifting ring 3 is connected to the end of the corresponding wire rope 5 via a shackle. The wire rope 5 connected to each set of lifting components is set to correspond to the support rod 4. Both ends of the support rod 4 are connected to the middle part of the corresponding wire rope 5 via shackles. During lifting, the wire rope does not contact the outer surface of the upper building section 1.

[0041] The installation positions of the I-beam 2 are such that the upper panel 6 and the lower panel 6 correspond to the second and first floors of the superstructure section 1, respectively. Here, the first floor refers to the bottommost floor of the superstructure section 1, and the second floor is the floor immediately above the first floor. The design of connecting the upper and lower panels 6 of the I-beam 2 to different floors makes the overall structure of the superstructure section 1 more stable during hoisting. Because there is a shelf between the first and second floors, the shelf can, to a certain extent, act as a reinforcing structure corresponding to the hoisting point. By using the shelf structure of the superstructure section 1 itself to replace the reinforcing structure design, the possibility of deformation of the superstructure section 1 during hoisting is reduced under the premise of simple structural layout, saving resources, reducing costs, and improving efficiency.

[0042] After the superstructure section 1 is hoisted, the I-beam 2 is removed, and the welded joints on the superstructure section 1 are ground and repainted. Fire-based back-burning correction is then performed according to the actual situation. After dismantling, 30-50mm of the welded portion of the I-beam 2 is removed and reused. When reusing it, the dimensions of the hoisting components are fixed during steps one and two. Adjustments are made only to the installation position and quantity of the hoisting components. Generally, the installation position of the lifting ring 3 on the upper panel 6 of the I-beam 2 is set at a distance of 300mm from the side of the I-beam 2 furthest from the upper building section 1. This ensures a certain distance between the lifting ring 3 and the upper building section 1, allowing this design to be combined with the design of the strut 4 to avoid interference. Generally, to reuse the lifting components, the length of the panel 6 of the I-beam 2 can be increased, for example, by more than 3 meters. After each lifting of the superstructure section 1, the I-beam 2 can be dismantled, and 30-50mm of the welded area can be cut off. The specific cut-off length is determined based on the actual deformation of the welded area after dismantling, facilitating the reuse of the lifting components. Because the distance between the lifting ring 3 and the superstructure section 1 is smaller in the reused lifting components, the length of the supporting rod 4 used is generally longer, or the installation position of the supporting rod 4 on the wire rope 5 is lower, achieving a collision avoidance effect. The reuse design saves more resources, reduces costs, and has a stronger overall structural adaptability.

[0043] The lifting ring 3 is installed on the upper panel 6 of the I-beam 2 near the side of the I-beam 2 away from the superstructure section 1. I-beams 2 are arranged at the front, middle and rear of the outer side of the lower end of the superstructure section 1, which makes the overall stability of the superstructure section stronger during hoisting. In actual operation, adaptive adjustments and arrangements are made according to the actual situation.

[0044] During finite element analysis, it was found that the deformation of the I-beam 2 exceeded the preset value. Therefore, a reinforcing structure was installed at the corresponding position on the inner side of the superstructure section 1. The preset value here refers to a more stringent one. This change is a minor modification, as the layer between the first and second layers already acts as a reinforcing structure corresponding to the lifting point. Therefore, the installation of this reinforcing structure is only a supplementary structure under special circumstances to further reduce the deformation of the superstructure section 1 during hoisting. The deformation exceeding the preset value means that, after finite element analysis and confirmation that the overall structural strength meets the requirements, this method can be further improved based on the actual situation to further reduce the occurrence of minor deformations.

[0045] In this embodiment, a specially made I-beam 2 is welded to the outer side of the superstructure section 1, i.e., the lower strong structural position on the side of the hull. The lifting ring 3 is installed on the I-beam 2 for hoisting. Through the coordinated action of the support rod 4 and other factors, the hoisting wire rope 5 is ensured to not interfere with the superstructure section. This solves a series of problems such as large deformation during hoisting when the superstructure section is large in size and weak in structure after its completion. It reduces high-altitude operations, shortens the dock cycle, and also ensures the safety of hoisting the entire superstructure section.

[0046] Example 2 describes a ship in which the superstructure section is lifted using the same method described in Example 1. Through the combined design of specific lifting components, support structures, and various process methods, the complete lifting of the superstructure section 1 is achieved, significantly improving overall production efficiency, shortening the shipbuilding cycle, reducing manufacturing costs, and effectively maintaining the structural and outfitting integrity of the superstructure. The lifting components and struts 4, consisting of the specially made I-beams 2 and lifting rings 3, can be reused after lifting, saving materials, reducing costs, and demonstrating economic benefits.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section, characterized in that, This method utilizes hoisting components and support structures, and includes the following implementation steps: Step 1: Conduct preliminary design before hoisting; determine the overall hoisting scheme of the superstructure section (1), design the expected installation position, size and quantity of hoisting components on the superstructure section (1), and design the expected installation position, size and quantity of the support structure; Conduct hoisting simulations based on the design results; Step 2: Perform strength verification; conduct finite element analysis on the overall hoisting of the hoisting components and the superstructure to determine whether the overall structural strength meets the requirements. If the requirements are not met, adjust the hoisting components or support structure and repeat the above steps until the overall structural strength meets the requirements, and determine the specific installation location, size and quantity of the hoisting components and support structure; Step 3: Fabricate and install the hoisting components; Step 4: Connect to the hoisting equipment; first install the support structure on the wire rope (5), then connect one end of the wire rope (5) to the hoisting assembly, and then connect the wire rope (5) to the hoisting equipment. Step 5: Perform the overall hoisting of the superstructure section (1).

2. The method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hoisting assembly includes an I-beam (2) and a lifting ring (3). When making the I-beam (2), firstly, make two panels (6) and one web (7) of the I-beam (2) according to the determined dimensions, and then weld the two panels (6) and one web (7) into an integrated I-beam structure; the lifting ring (3) is welded and installed on the upper panel (6) of the I-beam (2); The supporting structure is a strut (4); the strut (4) is rectangular or cylindrical or channel steel or angle steel.

3. The method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 2, characterized in that, The I-beam (2) is installed at the lower strong structure position on the outer side of the superstructure section (1); In step one, the hoisting simulation is performed using the dynamic interference simulation function in the design software; During the hoisting simulation, the hoisting simulation is carried out according to the expected installation position, size and quantity of the I-beam (2) and the strut (4); and the appropriateness of the expected installation position, size and quantity of the I-beam (2) and the strut (4) is initially verified according to the simulation results. If it is inappropriate, it is adjusted according to the simulation results. In step two, if the requirements are not met, when adjusting the hoisting components or support structure, adjust one or more of the expected installation position, size and quantity of the I-beam (2) and the expected installation position, size and quantity of the strut (4) until the overall structural strength meets the requirements. Then repeat the hoisting simulation and finite element analysis until the wire rope (5) does not contact the upper building section (1) and the overall structural strength meets the requirements.

4. The method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 3, characterized in that, When installing the hoisting components, first erect a scaffolding platform, then hoist the I-beam (2) with the welding ring (3) to the specific installation position determined in step two, with the panel of the I-beam with the welding ring (3) facing upward, and then install one side of the I-beam (2) on the outer side of the superstructure section (1) by welding.

5. The method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of hoisting components is even, and they are distributed in pairs at the lower strong structure position on the outer side of the superstructure section (1). Each set of lifting components is set with a corresponding support rod (4); each set of lifting components and the corresponding support rod (4) are connected to a hook of the lifting equipment by an independent wire rope (5), and the two ends of the wire rope (5) are respectively connected to the two corresponding lifting components; The lifting ring (3) is connected to the end of the corresponding wire rope (5) via a shackle, and both ends of the support rod (4) are connected to the middle part of the corresponding wire rope (5) via shackles.

6. The method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 2, characterized in that, The installation position of the I-beam is such that the upper panel (6) and the lower panel (6) correspond to the second and first floors of the superstructure section (1), respectively.

7. The method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the superstructure section is hoisted, the I-beam (2) is removed, and the welded joints on the superstructure section (1) are ground and repainted. Fire-based back-burning correction is carried out according to the actual situation. Cut off 30-50mm from the welding position of the dismantled I-beam (2) and reuse it. When reusing it, the size of the hoisting component is determined when performing steps one and two. When making adjustments, only the installation position and quantity of the hoisting component are adjusted.

8. The method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting ring (3) is installed on the upper panel of the I-beam (2) near the side of the I-beam (2) away from the superstructure section (1); I-beams (2) are arranged on the front, middle and rear of the outer side of the lower end of the superstructure section (1). When the deformation of the I-beam (2) found to be greater than the preset value was discovered during finite element analysis, a reinforcing structure was installed on the inner side of the superstructure section (1) corresponding to the installation position of the superstructure section (1).

9. A method for integral hoisting of a ship's superstructure section according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dimensions of the I-beam (2) are such that both the length and width are greater than 2 meters; the length of the support rod (4) is greater than 10 meters; there are 6 I-beams (2) and 3 support rods (4); the distance between the installation position of the lifting ring (3) on the upper panel of the I-beam (2) and the side of the I-beam (2) away from the upper building section (1) is 300 mm.

10. A ship, characterized in that, The superstructure section of the vessel is hoisted using the overall hoisting method for the superstructure section as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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